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1. A Portable, Inexpensive, Nonmydriatic Fundus Camera Based on the Raspberry Pi® Computer

Author

Bailey Y. Shen and Shizuo Mukai

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Purpose. Nonmydriatic fundus cameras allow retinal photography without pharmacologic dilation of the pupil. However, currently available nonmydriatic fundus cameras are bulky, not portable, and expensive. Taking advantage of recent advances in mobile technology, we sought to create a nonmydriatic fundus camera that was affordable and could be carried in a white coat pocket. Methods. We built a point-and-shoot prototype camera using a Raspberry Pi computer, an infrared-sensitive camera board, a dual infrared and white light light-emitting diode, a battery, a 5-inch touchscreen liquid crystal display, and a disposable 20-diopter condensing lens. Our prototype camera was based on indirect ophthalmoscopy with both infrared and white lights. Results. The prototype camera measured 133mm×91mm×45mm and weighed 386 grams. The total cost of the components, including the disposable lens, was $185.20. The camera was able to obtain good-quality fundus images without pharmacologic dilation of the pupils. Conclusion. A fully functional, inexpensive, handheld, nonmydriatic fundus camera can be easily assembled from a relatively small number of components. With modest improvements, such a camera could be useful for a variety of healthcare professionals, particularly those who work in settings where a traditional table-mounted nonmydriatic fundus camera would be inconvenient.

Published
2017
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2. Transactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) Infected Cell Protein 4 Enhancer by Glucocorticoid Receptor and Stress-Induced Transcription Factors Requires Overlapping Krüppel-Like Transcription Factor 4/Sp1 Binding Sites

Author

Bailey Y. Hendrickson, Prasanth Thunuguntla, Clinton Jones, and Jeffery B. Ostler

Subjects
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, Transcriptional Activation, viruses, Immunology, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Immediate-Early Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, Transactivation, Kruppel-Like Factor 4, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Glucocorticoid receptor, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Virology, Cell Line, Tumor, Chlorocebus aethiops, medicine, Transcriptional regulation, Animals, Humans, Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein, Enhancer, Transcription factor, Vero Cells, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Herpes Simplex, Cell biology, Virus Latency, Virus-Cell Interactions, Herpes simplex virus, KLF4, Insect Science, Virus Activation, Snail Family Transcription Factors, Chromatin immunoprecipitation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Following acute infection, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) lytic cycle viral gene expression is silenced; consequently, lifelong latency in neurons is established. Certain external stimuli that trigger reactivation from latency also activate the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone, but not a GR-specific antagonist, increases the frequency of explant-induced reactivation from latency and stimulates productive infection. Furthermore, dexamethasone increases expression of cellular transcription factors in trigeminal ganglionic neurons: for example, SLUG and three Krüppel-like transcription factor (KLF) family members, KLF4, KLF15, and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF). Consequently, we hypothesized that stress-induced transcription factors stimulate expression of ICP4, a viral transcriptional regulator required for productive infection. New studies demonstrated that GR and KLF4, PLZF, or SLUG cooperatively transactivate the ICP4 enhancer upstream of a minimal promoter in monkey kidney cells (Vero) and mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2A). Strikingly, mutagenesis of two KLF4/Sp1 binding sites reduced GR- plus KLF4-, PLZF-, or SLUG-mediated transactivation to basal levels. A consensus enhancer (E)-Box adjacent to a KLF4/Sp1 binding site was also required for GR- and SLUG-, but not KLF family member-, mediated transactivation of the ICP4 promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies (ChIP) revealed GR and stress-induced transcription factors occupy ICP4 enhancer sequences. Conversely, specific binding was generally reduced in the KLF4/Sp1 mutant. Furthermore, GR and SLUG occupancy of ICP4 enhancer sequences was reduced in the E-Box mutant. Based on these studies, we suggest stressful stimuli can trigger productive infection because GR and specific stress-induced transcription factors activate ICP4 expression. IMPORTANCE Certain stressful stimuli activate the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and increase the incidence of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) reactivation from latency. For example, a corticosteroid antagonist impairs productive infection and virus shedding following explant of trigeminal ganglia from latently infected mice. Infected cell protein 4 (ICP4) is the only immediate early viral transcriptional regulator required for productive infection, suggesting stressful stimuli stimulate ICP4 expression. New studies revealed GR and stress-induced transcription factors identified during reactivation from latency, SLUG and three Krüppel-like transcription factor family members (KLF4, KLF15, and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein), cooperatively transactivate the ICP4 enhancer. Two KLF4 consensus binding sites were crucial for cooperative transactivation of the ICP4 enhancer. A consensus enhancer-box also mediated cooperative transactivation of the ICP4 enhancer by GR and SLUG. The ability of GR and stress-induced transcription factors to transactivate ICP4 enhancer activity is predicted to trigger productive infection following stressful stimuli.

Published
2020

4. IIaO ultraviolet and nuclear emulsion films responses to orbital flights on STS-3, STS-7, STS-8, and STS-40

Author

Hammond, E. C., Jr, Peters, K. A, Blake, S. M, Bailey, Y, Johnson, D, Robancho, S, and Stober, A

Subjects
Nonmetallic Materials
Abstract

Two types of film were flown on STS-40 space shuttle mission in June 1991. The IIaO special purpose ultraviolet film showed continued desensitization because of various thermal and cosmic ray interactions. The films were exposed to the space orbital environment for 9 days. There were several built-in launch pad delays of the shuttle mission. However, there was adequate monitoring of the temperature variations on board the shuttle that allowed for adequate knowledge of the thermal film history. This IIaO film was flown on the ASTRO I mission and is currently slated for use with the ASTRO II mission. A 50 micron thick IIIford Nuclear emulsion film was also placed on a 175 micron polyester base. The exposure to space produced several cosmic ray interactions that were analyzed and measured using Digital Image Processing techniques. This same nuclear emulsion film was flown on STS-8 and produced a similar number of cosmic ray and thermal interactions. From previous experiments of film using various laboratory electromagnetic radiation sources (e.g., alpha, beta, and neutron particles), we have been able to infer the possible oribtal interactions of both IIaO and nuclear emulsion films. The characteristic responses of IIaO on STS-40 compared favorably to the results obtained from previous STS-7 and STS-8 gas can experiments. The results indicate sufficient evidence correlating increased density on the film with possible cosmic ray, thermal and shuttle out gassing interactions.

Published
1992

6. Frequency of anaemia and anaemia subtypes in east-west European inception cohort : an ECCO-EpiCom cohort study

Author

Burisch, J., Gerdes, U., Almer, S., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Sebastian, S., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Pedersen, N., Salupere, R., Nielsen, K. R., Manninen, P., Katsanos, K. H., Odes, S., Andersen, V., D'Inca, R., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Magro, F., Goldis, A., Vinding, K. Kofod, Belousova, E., Ladefoged, K., Bailey, Y., Hernandez, V., Halfvarson, Jonas, Arebi, N., Shonova, O., Hoivik, M. L., Moum, B., Langholz, E., Lakatos, P. L., Munkholm, P., Dahlerup, J. F., Burisch, J., Gerdes, U., Almer, S., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Sebastian, S., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Pedersen, N., Salupere, R., Nielsen, K. R., Manninen, P., Katsanos, K. H., Odes, S., Andersen, V., D'Inca, R., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Magro, F., Goldis, A., Vinding, K. Kofod, Belousova, E., Ladefoged, K., Bailey, Y., Hernandez, V., Halfvarson, Jonas, Arebi, N., Shonova, O., Hoivik, M. L., Moum, B., Langholz, E., Lakatos, P. L., Munkholm, P., and Dahlerup, J. F.

Published
2016
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7. East-West gradient in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Europe: the ECCO-EpiCom inception cohort

Author

Burisch, J., Pedersen, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Brinar, M., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Shonova, O., Vind, I., Avnstrom, S., Thorsgaard, N., Andersen, V., Krabbe, S., Dahlerup, J.F., Salupere, R., Nielsen, K.R., Olsen, J., Manninen, P., Collin, P., Tsianos, E.V., Katsanos, K.H., Ladefoged, K., Lakatos, L., Bjornsson, E., Ragnarsson, G., Bailey, Y., Odes, S., Schwartz, D., Martinato, M., Lupinacci, G., Milla, M., De Padova, A., D'lnca, R., Beltrami, M., Kupcinskas, L., Kiudelis, G., Turcan, S., Tighineanu, O., Mihu, I., Magro, F., Barros, L.F., Goldis, A., Lazar, D., Belousova, E., Nikulina, I., Hernandez, V., Martinez-Ares, D., Almer, Sven, Zhulina, Y., Halfvarson, J., Arebi, N., Sebastian, S., Lakatos, P.L., Langholz, E., Munkholm, P., Burisch, J., Pedersen, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Brinar, M., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Shonova, O., Vind, I., Avnstrom, S., Thorsgaard, N., Andersen, V., Krabbe, S., Dahlerup, J.F., Salupere, R., Nielsen, K.R., Olsen, J., Manninen, P., Collin, P., Tsianos, E.V., Katsanos, K.H., Ladefoged, K., Lakatos, L., Bjornsson, E., Ragnarsson, G., Bailey, Y., Odes, S., Schwartz, D., Martinato, M., Lupinacci, G., Milla, M., De Padova, A., D'lnca, R., Beltrami, M., Kupcinskas, L., Kiudelis, G., Turcan, S., Tighineanu, O., Mihu, I., Magro, F., Barros, L.F., Goldis, A., Lazar, D., Belousova, E., Nikulina, I., Hernandez, V., Martinez-Ares, D., Almer, Sven, Zhulina, Y., Halfvarson, J., Arebi, N., Sebastian, S., Lakatos, P.L., Langholz, E., and Munkholm, P.

Abstract

Objective The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Eastern Europe. The reasons for these changes remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an East–West gradient in the incidence of IBD in Europe exists. Design A prospective, uniformly diagnosed, population based inception cohort of IBD patients in 31 centres from 14 Western and eight Eastern European countries covering a total background population of approximately 10.1 million people was created. One-third of the centres had previous experience with inception cohorts. Patients were entered into a low cost, web based epidemiological database, making participation possible regardless of socioeconomic status and prior experience. Results 1515 patients aged 15 years or older were included, of whom 535 (35%) were diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD), 813 (54%) with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 167 (11%) with IBD unclassified (IBDU). The overall incidence rate ratios in all Western European centres were 1.9 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.4) for CD and 2.1 (95% CI 1.8 to 2.6) for UC compared with Eastern European centres. The median crude annual incidence rates per 100 000 in 2010 for CD were 6.5 (range 0–10.7) in Western European centres and 3.1 (range 0.4–11.5) in Eastern European centres, for UC 10.8 (range 2.9–31.5) and 4.1 (range 2.4–10.3), respectively, and for IBDU 1.9 (range 0–39.4) and 0 (range 0–1.2), respectively. In Western Europe, 92% of CD, 78% of UC and 74% of IBDU patients had a colonoscopy performed as the diagnostic procedure compared with 90%, 100% and 96%, respectively, in Eastern Europe. 8% of CD and 1% of UC patients in both regions underwent surgery within the first 3 months of the onset of disease. 7% of CD patients and 3% of UC patients from Western Europe received biological treatment as rescue therapy. Of all European CD patients, 20% received only 5-aminosalicylates as induction therapy. Conclusions An East–West gradient in IBD incidence exists in Europe. Among

Published
2014
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8. The cost of investigations and medical treatment including biological therapy in a European inception cohort from the biological era : An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Burisch, J., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Thorsgaard, N., Andersen, V., Nielsen, K. R., Tsianos, E. V., Ladefoged, K., Bailey, Y., D'Inca, R., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Magro, F., Goldis, A., Belousova, E., Hernandez, V., Almer, S., Halfvarson, Jonas, Sebastian, S., Langholz, E., Odes, S., Munkholm, P., Burisch, J., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Thorsgaard, N., Andersen, V., Nielsen, K. R., Tsianos, E. V., Ladefoged, K., Bailey, Y., D'Inca, R., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Magro, F., Goldis, A., Belousova, E., Hernandez, V., Almer, S., Halfvarson, Jonas, Sebastian, S., Langholz, E., Odes, S., and Munkholm, P.

Published
2014
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9. Health care and patients' education in a European inflammatory bowel disease inception cohort : an ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Burisch, J., Vegh, Z., Pedersen, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Turk, N., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Bortlik, M., Shonova, O., Thorsgaard, N., Krabbe, S., Andersen, V., Dahlerup, J. F., Kjeldsen, J., Salupere, R., Olsen, J., Nielsen, K. R., Manninen, P., Collin, P., Katsanos, K. H., Tsianos, E. V., Ladefoged, K., Ragnarsson, G., Björnsson, E., Bailey, Y., O'Morain, C., Schwartz, D., Odes, S., Politi, S. P., Santini, A., Kiudelis, G., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Magro, F., Barros, L., Lazar, D., Goldis, A., Nikulina, I., Belousova, E., Sanroman, L., Martinez-Ares, D., Almer, S., Zhulina, Yaroslava, Halfvarson, Jonas, Arebi, N., Houston, Y., Sebastian, S., Langholz, E., Lakatos, P. L., Munkholm, P., Burisch, J., Vegh, Z., Pedersen, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Turk, N., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Bortlik, M., Shonova, O., Thorsgaard, N., Krabbe, S., Andersen, V., Dahlerup, J. F., Kjeldsen, J., Salupere, R., Olsen, J., Nielsen, K. R., Manninen, P., Collin, P., Katsanos, K. H., Tsianos, E. V., Ladefoged, K., Ragnarsson, G., Björnsson, E., Bailey, Y., O'Morain, C., Schwartz, D., Odes, S., Politi, S. P., Santini, A., Kiudelis, G., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Magro, F., Barros, L., Lazar, D., Goldis, A., Nikulina, I., Belousova, E., Sanroman, L., Martinez-Ares, D., Almer, S., Zhulina, Yaroslava, Halfvarson, Jonas, Arebi, N., Houston, Y., Sebastian, S., Langholz, E., Lakatos, P. L., and Munkholm, P.

Abstract

Background and Aims: The EpiCom study and inception cohort was initiated in 2010 in 31 centers from 14 Western and 8 Eastern European countries, covering a 10.1 million person background population. Our aim was to investigate whether there is a difference between Eastern and Western Europe in health care and education of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: A quality of care (QoC) questionnaire was developed in the EpiCom group consisting of 16 questions covering 5 items: time interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis, information, education, empathy and access to health care providers. Results: Of 1,515 patients, 947 (217 east/730 west) answered the QoC questionnaire. Only 23% of all patients had knowledge about IBD before diagnosis. In Eastern Europe, significantly more patients searched out information about IBD themselves (77% vs. 68%, p < 0.05), the main source was the Internet (92% vs. 88% p = 0.23). In Western Europe, significantly more patients were educated by nurses (19% vs. 1%, p < 0.05), while in Eastern Europe, gastroenterologists were easier to contact (80% vs. 68%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Health care differed significantly between Eastern and Western Europe in all items, but satisfaction rates were high in both geographic regions. Because of the low awareness and the rising incidence of IBD, general information should be the focus of patient organizations and medical societies. In Western Europe IBD nurses play a very important role in reducing the burden of patient management. (c) 2014 European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., Funding Agencies:Danish Colitis Crohn Patients Organization (CCF)Vibeke Binder and Povl Riis FoundationScientific Council at Herlev HospitalSigrid Rigmor Moran FoundationAage and Johanne Louis-Hansens FoundationMunkholm FoundationC.C. Klestrup and Henriette Klestrup FoundationKnud and Dagny Gad Andresens FoundationElse and Mogens Wedell-Wedellsborgs FoundationDirektor Jacob Madsen and Olga Madsens FoundationScanVetTorben og Alice Frimodt FoundationLaegemes forsikringsforening afBengt Ihre's foundationNanna Svartz foundationOrebro University Hospital Research FoundationOrebro County Research FoundationSwedish Foundation for Gastrointestinal researchSwedish Society of MedicineResearch Council of Southeast SwedenCounty Council of OstergotlandSwedish OrganizationInternational Organization of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IOIBD)Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere University HospitalECCO

Published
2014
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10. Health care and patients' education in a European inflammatory bowel disease inception cohort:An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Burisch, J, Vegh, Z, Pedersen, Natalia, Cuković-Čavka, S, Turk, N, Kaimakliotis, I, Duricova, D, Bortlik, M, Shonová, O, Thorsgaard, N, Krabbe, S, Andersen, V, Dahlerup, J F, Kjeldsen, J, Salupere, R, Olsen, J, Nielsen, K R, Manninen, P, Collin, P, Katsanos, K H, Tsianos, E V, Ladefoged, K, Ragnarsson, G, Björnsson, E, Bailey, Y, O'Morain, C, Schwartz, D, Odes, S, Politi, P, Santini, A, Kiudelis, G, Kupcinskas, L, Turcan, S, Magro, F, Barros, L, Lazar, D, Goldis, A, Nikulina, I, Belousova, E, Sanromán, L, Martinez-Ares, D, Almer, S, Zhulina, Y, Halfvarson, J, Arebi, N, Houston, Y, Sebastian, S, Langholz, E, Lakatos, P L, Munkholm, P, Burisch, J, Vegh, Z, Pedersen, Natalia, Cuković-Čavka, S, Turk, N, Kaimakliotis, I, Duricova, D, Bortlik, M, Shonová, O, Thorsgaard, N, Krabbe, S, Andersen, V, Dahlerup, J F, Kjeldsen, J, Salupere, R, Olsen, J, Nielsen, K R, Manninen, P, Collin, P, Katsanos, K H, Tsianos, E V, Ladefoged, K, Ragnarsson, G, Björnsson, E, Bailey, Y, O'Morain, C, Schwartz, D, Odes, S, Politi, P, Santini, A, Kiudelis, G, Kupcinskas, L, Turcan, S, Magro, F, Barros, L, Lazar, D, Goldis, A, Nikulina, I, Belousova, E, Sanromán, L, Martinez-Ares, D, Almer, S, Zhulina, Y, Halfvarson, J, Arebi, N, Houston, Y, Sebastian, S, Langholz, E, Lakatos, P L, and Munkholm, P

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The EpiCom study and inception cohort was initiated in 2010 in 31 centers from 14 Western and 8 Eastern European countries, covering a 10.1million person background population. Our aim was to investigate whether there is a difference between Eastern and Western Europe in health care and education of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).METHODS: A quality of care (QoC) questionnaire was developed in the EpiCom group consisting of 16 questions covering 5 items: time interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis, information, education, empathy and access to health care providers.RESULTS: Of 1,515 patients, 947 (217 east/730 west) answered the QoC questionnaire. Only 23% of all patients had knowledge about IBD before diagnosis. In Eastern Europe, significantly more patients searched out information about IBD themselves (77% vs. 68%, p<0.05), the main source was the Internet (92% vs. 88% p=0.23). In Western Europe, significantly more patients were educated by nurses (19% vs. 1%, p<0.05), while in Eastern Europe, gastroenterologists were easier to contact (80% vs. 68%, p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Health care differed significantly between Eastern and Western Europe in all items, but satisfaction rates were high in both geographic regions. Because of the low awareness and the rising incidence of IBD, general information should be the focus of patient organizations and medical societies. In Western Europe IBD nurses play a very important role in reducing the burden of patient management.

Published
2014

11. East-West gradient in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Europe:the ECCO-EpiCom inception cohort

Author

Burisch, J, Pedersen, Natalia, Čuković-Čavka, S, Brinar, M, Kaimakliotis, I, Duricova, D, Shonová, O, Vind, Ida, Avnstrøm, S, Thorsgaard, N, Andersen, Vinnie, Krabbe, S, Dahlerup, J F, Salupere, R, Nielsen, K R, Olsen, J, Manninen, P, Collin, P, Tsianos, E V, Katsanos, K H, Ladefoged, K, Lakatos, L, Björnsson, E, Ragnarsson, G, Bailey, Y, Odes, S, Schwartz, D, Martinato, M, Lupinacci, G, Milla, M, De Padova, A, D'Incà, R, Beltrami, M, Kupcinskas, L, Kiudelis, G, Turcan, S, Tighineanu, O, Mihu, I, Magro, F, Barros, L F, Goldis, A, Lazar, D, Belousova, E, Nikulina, I, Hernandez, V, Martinez-Ares, D, Almer, S, Zhulina, Y, Halfvarson, J, Munkholm, P, Burisch, J, Pedersen, Natalia, Čuković-Čavka, S, Brinar, M, Kaimakliotis, I, Duricova, D, Shonová, O, Vind, Ida, Avnstrøm, S, Thorsgaard, N, Andersen, Vinnie, Krabbe, S, Dahlerup, J F, Salupere, R, Nielsen, K R, Olsen, J, Manninen, P, Collin, P, Tsianos, E V, Katsanos, K H, Ladefoged, K, Lakatos, L, Björnsson, E, Ragnarsson, G, Bailey, Y, Odes, S, Schwartz, D, Martinato, M, Lupinacci, G, Milla, M, De Padova, A, D'Incà, R, Beltrami, M, Kupcinskas, L, Kiudelis, G, Turcan, S, Tighineanu, O, Mihu, I, Magro, F, Barros, L F, Goldis, A, Lazar, D, Belousova, E, Nikulina, I, Hernandez, V, Martinez-Ares, D, Almer, S, Zhulina, Y, Halfvarson, J, and Munkholm, P

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Eastern Europe. The reasons for these changes remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an East-West gradient in the incidence of IBD in Europe exists.DESIGN: A prospective, uniformly diagnosed, population based inception cohort of IBD patients in 31 centres from 14 Western and eight Eastern European countries covering a total background population of approximately 10.1 million people was created. One-third of the centres had previous experience with inception cohorts. Patients were entered into a low cost, web based epidemiological database, making participation possible regardless of socioeconomic status and prior experience.RESULTS: 1515 patients aged 15 years or older were included, of whom 535 (35%) were diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD), 813 (54%) with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 167 (11%) with IBD unclassified (IBDU). The overall incidence rate ratios in all Western European centres were 1.9 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.4) for CD and 2.1 (95% CI 1.8 to 2.6) for UC compared with Eastern European centres. The median crude annual incidence rates per 100,000 in 2010 for CD were 6.5 (range 0-10.7) in Western European centres and 3.1 (range 0.4-11.5) in Eastern European centres, for UC 10.8 (range 2.9-31.5) and 4.1 (range 2.4-10.3), respectively, and for IBDU 1.9 (range 0-39.4) and 0 (range 0-1.2), respectively. In Western Europe, 92% of CD, 78% of UC and 74% of IBDU patients had a colonoscopy performed as the diagnostic procedure compared with 90%, 100% and 96%, respectively, in Eastern Europe. 8% of CD and 1% of UC patients in both regions underwent surgery within the first 3 months of the onset of disease. 7% of CD patients and 3% of UC patients from Western Europe received biological treatment as rescue therapy. Of all European CD patients, 20% received only 5-aminosalicylates as induction therapy.CONCLUSIONS: An East-West gradient in IBD incidence

Published
2014

12. Environmental factors in a population-based inception cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients in Europe:An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Burisch, J, Pedersen, Natalia, Cukovic-Cavka, S, Turk, N, Kaimakliotis, I, Duricova, D, Bortlik, M, Shonová, O, Vind, Ida, Avnstrøm, S, Thorsgaard, N, Krabbe, S, Andersen, V, Dahlerup, J F, Kjeldsen, J, Salupere, R, Olsen, J, Nielsen, K R, Manninen, P, Collin, P, Katsanos, K H, Tsianos, E V, Ladefoged, K, Lakatos, L, Ragnarsson, G, Björnsson, E, Bailey, Y, O'Morain, C, Schwartz, D, Odes, S, Giannotta, M, Girardin, G, Kiudelis, G, Kupcinskas, L, Turcan, S, Barros, L, Magro, F, Lazar, D, Goldis, A, Nikulina, I, Belousova, E, Martinez-Ares, D, Hernandez, V, Almer, S, Zhulina, Y, Halfvarson, J, Arebi, N, Tsai, H H, Langholz, E, Munkholm, P, Burisch, J, Pedersen, Natalia, Cukovic-Cavka, S, Turk, N, Kaimakliotis, I, Duricova, D, Bortlik, M, Shonová, O, Vind, Ida, Avnstrøm, S, Thorsgaard, N, Krabbe, S, Andersen, V, Dahlerup, J F, Kjeldsen, J, Salupere, R, Olsen, J, Nielsen, K R, Manninen, P, Collin, P, Katsanos, K H, Tsianos, E V, Ladefoged, K, Lakatos, L, Ragnarsson, G, Björnsson, E, Bailey, Y, O'Morain, C, Schwartz, D, Odes, S, Giannotta, M, Girardin, G, Kiudelis, G, Kupcinskas, L, Turcan, S, Barros, L, Magro, F, Lazar, D, Goldis, A, Nikulina, I, Belousova, E, Martinez-Ares, D, Hernandez, V, Almer, S, Zhulina, Y, Halfvarson, J, Arebi, N, Tsai, H H, Langholz, E, and Munkholm, P

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Eastern Europe possibly due to changes in environmental factors towards a more "westernised" standard of living. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in exposure to environmental factors prior to diagnosis in Eastern and Western European IBD patients.METHODS: The EpiCom cohort is a population-based, prospective inception cohort of 1560 unselected IBD patients from 31 European countries covering a background population of 10.1 million. At the time of diagnosis patients were asked to complete an 87-item questionnaire concerning environmental factors.RESULTS: A total of 1182 patients (76%) answered the questionnaire, 444 (38%) had Crohn's disease (CD), 627 (53%) ulcerative colitis (UC), and 111 (9%) IBD unclassified. No geographic differences regarding smoking status, caffeine intake, use of oral contraceptives, or number of first-degree relatives with IBD were found. Sugar intake was higher in CD and UC patients from Eastern Europe than in Western Europe while fibre intake was lower (p<0.01). Daily consumption of fast food as well as appendectomy before the age of 20 was more frequent in Eastern European than in Western European UC patients (p<0.01). Eastern European CD and UC patients had received more vaccinations and experienced fewer childhood infections than Western European patients (p<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: In this European population-based inception cohort of unselected IBD patients, Eastern and Western European patients differed in environmental factors prior to diagnosis. Eastern European patients exhibited higher occurrences of suspected risk factors for IBD included in the Western lifestyle.

Published
2014

13. Health-related quality of life improves during one year of medical and surgical treatment in a European population-based inception cohort of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease:An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Burisch, J, Weimers, P, Pedersen, N, Cukovic-Cavka, S, Vucelic, B, Kaimakliotis, I, Duricova, D, Bortlik, M, Shonová, O, Vind, Ida, Avnstrøm, S, Thorsgaard, N, Krabbe, S, Andersen, Vinnie, Dahlerup, J F, Kjeldsen, J, Salupere, R, Olsen, J, Nielsen, K R, Manninen, P, Collin, P, Katsanos, K H, Tsianos, E V, Ladefoged, K, Lakatos, L, Ragnarsson, G, Björnsson, E, Bailey, Y, O'Morain, C, Schwartz, D, Odes, S, Valpiani, D, Boni, M C, Jonaitis, L, Kupcinskas, L, Turcan, S, Barros, L, Magro, F, Lazar, D, Goldis, A, Nikulina, I, Belousova, E, Fernandez, A, Sanroman, L, Almer, S, Zhulina, Y, Halfvarson, J, Arebi, N, Diggory, T, Munkholm, P, Burisch, J, Weimers, P, Pedersen, N, Cukovic-Cavka, S, Vucelic, B, Kaimakliotis, I, Duricova, D, Bortlik, M, Shonová, O, Vind, Ida, Avnstrøm, S, Thorsgaard, N, Krabbe, S, Andersen, Vinnie, Dahlerup, J F, Kjeldsen, J, Salupere, R, Olsen, J, Nielsen, K R, Manninen, P, Collin, P, Katsanos, K H, Tsianos, E V, Ladefoged, K, Lakatos, L, Ragnarsson, G, Björnsson, E, Bailey, Y, O'Morain, C, Schwartz, D, Odes, S, Valpiani, D, Boni, M C, Jonaitis, L, Kupcinskas, L, Turcan, S, Barros, L, Magro, F, Lazar, D, Goldis, A, Nikulina, I, Belousova, E, Fernandez, A, Sanroman, L, Almer, S, Zhulina, Y, Halfvarson, J, Arebi, N, Diggory, T, and Munkholm, P

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is impaired in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The aim was prospectively to assess and validate the pattern of HRQoL in an unselected, population-based inception cohort of IBD patients from Eastern and Western Europe.METHODS: The EpiCom inception cohort consists of 1560 IBD patients from 31 European centres covering a background population of approximately 10.1 million. Patients answered the disease specific Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and generic Short Form 12 (SF-12) questionnaire at diagnosis and after one year of follow-up.RESULTS: In total, 1079 patients were included in this study. Crohn's disease (CD) patients mean SIBDQ scores improved from 45.3 to 55.3 in Eastern Europe and from 44.9 to 53.6 in Western Europe. SIBDQ scores for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients improved from 44.9 to 57.4 and from 48.8 to 55.7, respectively. UC patients needing surgery or biologicals had lower SIBDQ scores before and after compared to the rest, while biological therapy improved SIBDQ scores in CD. CD and UC patients in both regions improved all SF-12 scores. Only Eastern European UC patients achieved SF-12 summary scores equal to or above the normal population.CONCLUSION: Medical and surgical treatment improved HRQoL during the first year of disease. The majority of IBD patients in both Eastern and Western Europe reported a positive perception of disease-specific but not generic HRQoL. Biological therapy improved HRQoL in CD patients, while UC patients in need of surgery or biological therapy experienced lower perceptions of HRQoL than the rest.

Published
2014

14. Environmental factors in a population-based inception cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients in Europe : An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Burisch, J., Pedersen, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Turk, N., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Bortlik, M., Shonova, O., Vind, I., Avnstrom, S., Thorsgaard, N., Krabbe, S., Andersen, V., Dahlerup, J. F., Kjeldsen, J., Salupere, R., Olsen, J., Nielsen, K. R., Manninen, P., Collin, P., Katsanos, K. H., Tsianos, E. V., Ladefoged, K., Lakatos, L., Ragnarsson, G., Björnsson, E., Bailey, Y., O'Morain, C., Schwartz, D., Odes, S., Giannotta, M., Girardin, G., Kiudelis, G., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Barros, L., Magro, F., Lazar, D., Goldis, A., Nikulina, I., Belousova, E., Martinez-Ares, D., Hernandez, V., Almer, S., Zhulina, Yaroslava, Halfvarson, Jonas, Arebi, N., Tsai, H. H., Sebastian, S., Lakatos, P. L., Langholz, E., Munkholm, P., Burisch, J., Pedersen, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Turk, N., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Bortlik, M., Shonova, O., Vind, I., Avnstrom, S., Thorsgaard, N., Krabbe, S., Andersen, V., Dahlerup, J. F., Kjeldsen, J., Salupere, R., Olsen, J., Nielsen, K. R., Manninen, P., Collin, P., Katsanos, K. H., Tsianos, E. V., Ladefoged, K., Lakatos, L., Ragnarsson, G., Björnsson, E., Bailey, Y., O'Morain, C., Schwartz, D., Odes, S., Giannotta, M., Girardin, G., Kiudelis, G., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Barros, L., Magro, F., Lazar, D., Goldis, A., Nikulina, I., Belousova, E., Martinez-Ares, D., Hernandez, V., Almer, S., Zhulina, Yaroslava, Halfvarson, Jonas, Arebi, N., Tsai, H. H., Sebastian, S., Lakatos, P. L., Langholz, E., and Munkholm, P.

Abstract

Background and Aims: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Eastern Europe possibly due to changes in environmental factors towards a more "westernised" standard of Living. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in exposure to environmental factors prior to diagnosis in Eastern and Western European IBD patients. Methods: The EpiCom cohort is a population-based, prospective inception cohort of 1560 unselected IBD patients from 31 European countries covering a background population of 10.1 million. At the time of diagnosis patients were asked to complete an 87-item questionnaire concerning environmental factors. Results: A total of 1182 patients (76%) answered the questionnaire, 444 (38%) had Crohn's disease (CD), 627 (53%) ulcerative colitis (UC), and 111 (9%) IBD unclassified. No geographic differences regarding smoking status, caffeine intake, use of oral contraceptives, or number of first-degree relatives with IBD were found. Sugar intake was higher in CD and UC patients from Eastern Europe than in Western Europe while fibre intake was lower (p < 0.01). Daily consumption of fast food as well as appendectomy before the age of 20 was more frequent in Eastern European than in Western European UC patients (p < 0.01). Eastern European CD and UC patients had received more vaccinations and experienced fewer childhood infections than Western European patients (p < 0.01). Conclusions: In this European population-based inception cohort of unselected IBD patients, Eastern and Western European patients differed in environmental factors prior to diagnosis. Eastern European patients exhibited higher occurrences of suspected risk factors for IBD included in the Western lifestyle. (C) 2013 European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., Funding Agencies:Danish Colitis Crohn Patients Organisation (CCF)Vibeke Binder and Povl Riis FoundationScientific Council at Herlev HospitalSigrid Rignnor Moran Foundation, Aage and Johanne Louis-Hansens FoundationMunkholm FoundationC.C. Klestrup and Henriette Klestrup FoundationKnud and Dagny Gad Andresens FoundationElse and Mogens Wedell-Wedellsborgs FoundationDirektor Jacob Madsen and Olga Madsen's Foundation, Scan Vet

Published
2014
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15. Health-related quality of life improves during one year of medical and surgical treatment in a European population-based inception cohort of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease : An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Burisch, J., Weimers, P., Pedersen, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Vucelic, B., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Bortlik, M., Shonová, O., Vind, I., Avnstrøm, S., Thorsgaard, N., Krabbe, S., Andersen, V., Dahlerup, J. F., Kjeldsen, J., Salupere, R., Olsen, J., Nielsen, K. R., Manninen, P., Collin, P., Katsanos, K. H., Tsianos, E. V., Ladefoged, K., Lakatos, L., Ragnarsson, G., Björnsson, E., Bailey, Y., O'Morain, C., Schwartz, D., Odes, S., Valpiani, D., Boni, M. C., Jonaitis, L., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Barros, L., Magro, F., Lazar, D., Goldis, A., Nikulina, I., Belousova, E., Fernandez, A., Sanroman, L., Almér, S., Zhulina, Yaroslava, Halfvarson, Jonas, Arebi, N., Diggory, T., Sebastian, S., Lakatos, P. L., Langholz, E., Munkholm, P., Burisch, J., Weimers, P., Pedersen, N., Cukovic-Cavka, S., Vucelic, B., Kaimakliotis, I., Duricova, D., Bortlik, M., Shonová, O., Vind, I., Avnstrøm, S., Thorsgaard, N., Krabbe, S., Andersen, V., Dahlerup, J. F., Kjeldsen, J., Salupere, R., Olsen, J., Nielsen, K. R., Manninen, P., Collin, P., Katsanos, K. H., Tsianos, E. V., Ladefoged, K., Lakatos, L., Ragnarsson, G., Björnsson, E., Bailey, Y., O'Morain, C., Schwartz, D., Odes, S., Valpiani, D., Boni, M. C., Jonaitis, L., Kupcinskas, L., Turcan, S., Barros, L., Magro, F., Lazar, D., Goldis, A., Nikulina, I., Belousova, E., Fernandez, A., Sanroman, L., Almér, S., Zhulina, Yaroslava, Halfvarson, Jonas, Arebi, N., Diggory, T., Sebastian, S., Lakatos, P. L., Langholz, E., and Munkholm, P.

Abstract

Background & Aims: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is impaired in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The aim was prospectively to assess and validate the pattern of HRQoL in an unselected, population-based inception cohort of IBD patients from Eastern and Western Europe. Methods: The EpiCom inception cohort consists of 1560 IBD patients from 31 European centres covering a background population of approximately 10.1 million. Patients answered the disease specific Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and generic Short Form 12 (SF-12) questionnaire at diagnosis and after one year of follow-up. Results: In total, 1079 patients were included in this study. Crohn's disease (CD) patients mean SIBDQ scores improved from 45.3 to 55.3 in Eastern Europe and from 44.9 to 53.6 in Western Europe. SIBDQ scores for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients improved from 44.9 to 57.4 and from 48.8 to 55.7, respectively. UC patients needing surgery or biologicals had lower SIBDQ scores before and after compared to the rest, while biological therapy improved SIBDQ scores in CD. CD and UC patients in both regions improved all SF-12 scores. Only Eastern European UC patients achieved SF-12 summary scores equal to or above the normal population. Conclusion: Medical and surgical treatment improved HRQoL during the first year of disease. The majority of IBD patients in both Eastern and Western Europe reported a positive perception of disease-specific but not generic HRQoL. Biological therapy improved HRQoL in CD patients, while UC patients in need of surgery or biological therapy experienced lower perceptions of HRQoL than the rest., Munkholm, P. On behalf of the EpiCom-groupValpiani D., Boni M. C. On behalf of the EpiCom Northern Italy centre based in Crema and oCremona, Firenze, Forlì, Padova and Reggio Emilia, Italy Funding Agencies:Danish Colitis Crohn Patients Organization (CCF)Vibeke Binder and Povl Riis FoundationScientific Council at Herlev HospitalSigrid Rigmor Moran FoundationAage and Johanne Louis-Hansens FoundationMunkholm FoundationC.C. Klestrup and Henriette Klestrup FoundationKnud and Dagny Gad Andresens FoundationElse and Mogens Wedell-Wedellsborgs FoundationDirektor Jacob Madsen and Olga Madsens FoundationScanVetTorben og Alice Frimodt FoundationLaegernes forsikringsforening af 1891Bengt Ihre's foundation, Nanna Svartz' foundationÖrebro University Hospital Research FoundationÖrebro County Research FoundationSwedish Foundation for Gastrointestinal researchSwedish Research CouncilSwedish Society of MedicineResearch Council of South-East SwedenCounty Council of ÖstergötlandSwedish Organization for the study of inflammatory bowel diseaseCompetitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere University HospitalEuropean Crohn's and Colitis Organization

Published
2014
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17. Maritime Accounting

Author

Bailey, Y.

Subjects
Maritime Communications, Telecommunications, Radio Communication, Radio Equipment, Maritime Shipping, Phone Traffic Analysis, Tariff, Accounting
Published
1983

18. Cloud technology and capsule endoscopy: A single-center users' experience of remote online video analysis and reporting.

Author

Costigan C, Walker C, O'Connell J, Omallao E, Manoharan T, Eagle N, Bailey Y, O'Hara F, and Mc Namara D

Abstract

Background and study aims Telemedicine has progressed significantly in recent years, with newer, more integrated information technology systems improving healthcare delivery. The development of the world's first cloud-based capsule platform could allow safe and timely virtual analysis of videos from a network of linked hospital centers. We aimed to assess the efficacy of Medtronic's PillCam Remote Reader System. Methods PillCam remote reader technical data were collected from the capsule endoscopy (CE) database over 8 months. User-reported performance was collect using an online survey. Outcomes included overall procedure success, video-upload/report-download rates and speeds, encryption/decryption rates, and user/reader satisfaction. Results Data from 377 studies encompassing seven different readers was collected (318 small bowel capsules, 59 colon capsules). Overall procedure success was 100% (all videos reported). Two upload delays occurred (< 24 hours). There were no encryption/decryption errors. Seven of seven respondents felt it easy to access and use vs one of seve for the old system. Six of seven respondents felt department efficiency increased. Benefits included off-site reading and multisite-conferences. Issues included offsite difficulty accessing other hospital systems. Conclusions PillCam remote reader is a reliable, secure, and effective capsule analysis platform and should be incorporated into any CE service development plan., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).)

Published
2024
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19. Trying Times and Trying Out Solutions: Intimate Partner Violence Screening and Support for Women Veterans During COVID-19.

Author

Rossi FS, Shankar M, Buckholdt K, Bailey Y, Israni ST, and Iverson KM

Subjects
COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections psychology, Female, Health Personnel psychology, Humans, Intimate Partner Violence psychology, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral psychology, Quarantine psychology, SARS-CoV-2, United States epidemiology, Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Intimate Partner Violence prevention & control, Mass Screening methods, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans psychology
Abstract

Initial reports indicate widespread increases in intimate partner violence (IPV) rates during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Women veterans are at particular risk for experiencing IPV, and the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting stay-at-home orders may be exacerbating this risk. IPV screening and intervention are an integral part of the care provided to women veterans in the Veteran's Health Administration (VHA). Current changes in healthcare delivery during COVID-19 may present challenges to the VHA's standard methods of initiating IPV screening and intervention with women veterans. We discuss the potential challenges VHA healthcare providers may be encountering when conducting routine IPV screening during the COVID-19 pandemic and when providing resources and support to women veterans experiencing IPV. We describe solutions to these challenges, including existing efforts led by the VHA IPV Assistance Program (IPVAP) as well as additional potential solutions. New ideas and partnerships will be critical for helping the VHA continue to assist women veterans experiencing IPV as the COVID-19 pandemic evolves. Though our focus is on women veterans and the VHA, the challenges and solutions we discuss are likely applicable to other populations experiencing IPV and other health care systems screening for IPV.

Published
2020
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20. Efficacy of Topical Treatments for Chrysaora chinensis Species: A Human Model in Comparison with an In Vitro Model.

Author

DeClerck MP, Bailey Y, Craig D, Lin M, Auerbach LJ, Linney O, Morrison DE, Patry W, and Auerbach PS

Subjects
Administration, Cutaneous, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Skin pathology, Species Specificity, Young Adult, Bites and Stings therapy, Inflammation therapy, Nematocyst physiology, Pain Management methods, Scyphozoa physiology
Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to create a model for testing topical treatment of jellyfish stings. It sought to determine which treatments 1) stimulate/inhibit nematocyst discharge; 2) decrease pain; and 3) decrease skin inflammation; it also sought to discover whether there is a clinical correlation between stimulated nematocyst discharge observed in vitro to the pain and erythema experienced by humans stung by a particular species of jellyfish, C chinensis., Methods: Chrysaora chinensis stung 96 human subjects, who were then treated with isopropyl alcohol, hot water, acetic acid, papain meat tenderizer, lidocaine, or sodium bicarbonate. Pain and erythema were measured. In a separate experiment, nematocysts were examined microscopically after exposure to the same topical treatments used in the human experiment., Results: Forearms treated with papain showed decreased mean pain over the first 30 minutes after being stung, relative to placebo, although only by a small amount. The other topical treatments tested did not reach statistical significance. Sodium bicarbonate may reduce erythema after 30 minutes of treatment; sodium bicarbonate and papain may reduce erythema at 60 minutes. The other topical treatments tested did not reach statistical significance. Nematocyst discharge in vitro occurred when tentacles of C chinensis were exposed to acetic acid or isopropyl alcohol. Sodium bicarbonate, papain, heated water, and lidocaine did not induce nematocyst discharge., Conclusions: Papain-containing meat tenderizer used as a topical treatment for C chinensis stings may decrease pain. Although there is published experimental support for the concept that in vitro nematocyst discharge correlates with in vivo human pain perception, no definitive randomized controlled trial, including ours, has yet provided incontrovertible evidence of this assertion. Despite this study's limitations, it presents a viable basis for future human studies looking at the efficacy of topical treatments for jellyfish stings., (Copyright © 2016 Wilderness Medical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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