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Background Tumor boards constitute the main consensus and clinical decision–making body of multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) in cancer care. With the increasing clinical complexity of treatment options (eg, targeted therapies, multimodal treatments) and the progressive incorporation of new areas of intervention (eg, survivorship care), tumor boards are now required to play a central role in all cancer processes. However, although frameworks are in place to evaluate MDT quality, only few web-based tools are available for this purpose; indeed, no web-based MDT evaluation tools have been developed for or adapted to the Spanish National Health System. Objective The first aim of this study was to develop a web-based self-assessment model (Autoevaluación de Equipos Multidisciplinares de Atención al Cáncer [AEMAC]) for evaluating multidisciplinary cancer teams in Spain and the second aim was to validate this tool by testing its metric properties, acceptability, and usability. Methods We designed and validated the AEMAC program in 3 stages. In the first stage (research), we reviewed the available scientific evidence and performed a qualitative case study of good practice in multidisciplinary care within the Spanish National Health System (n=4 centers and 28 health care professionals). The results were used to define the thematic areas and quality criteria for the self-evaluation model, which were then discussed and validated by a group of experts. The second stage (development) involved the technological development of a web app that would be accessible from any mobile device. In the third stage (piloting and validation), we conducted 4 pilot tests (n=15 tumor boards, 243 professionals) and used the results to analyze the acceptability and usefulness of the tool. Results We designed a self-assessment model based on 5 thematic areas encompassing a total of 25 quality components, which users rated on a 3-option development scale. The evaluation process, which was managed entirely from the web app, consisted of individual self-assessment, group prioritization, and creation of an improvement plan. Cronbach alpha (.86), McDonald’s omega (0.88), and various fit indices (comparative fit index between 0.95 and 1 and goodness-of-fit index between 0.97 and 0.99 for all 5 aspects) confirmed internal consistency. The mean rating for overall satisfaction with the tool and for consistency between the content of the tool and the reality of tumor boards was 7.6 out of 10. Conclusions The results obtained during the period of research and piloting of the AEMAC program showed that it has an appropriate structure and metric properties and could therefore be implemented in a real context and generalized to other hospitals. As a virtual tool, it helps to measure the key aspects of MDT quality, such as effectiveness of collaboration and communication, leadership, and the organizational environment.

To analyze the population-based survival of breast cancer (CM) diagnosed in early stages estimating the time trends of excess mortality (EM) in the long term in annual and five-year time intervals, and to determine, if possible, a proportion of patients who can be considered cured. Method: We included women diagnosed with BC under the age of 60 years in stages I and II in Girona and Tarragona (N = 2453). The observed (OS) and relative survival (RS) were calculated up to 20 years of follow-up. RS was also estimated at annual (RSI) and in five-year intervals (RS5) to graphically assess the EM. The results are presented by age groups (≤49 and 50-59), stage (I/II) and diagnostic period (1985-1994 and 1995-2004). Results: In stage I, OS and RS were higher during 1995-2004 compared to 1985-1994: 3.5% at 15 years of follow-up and 4.5% at 20-years of follow-up. In 1995-2004, the OS surpassed 80% in stage I patients whereas in stage II it remained below 70%. During 1995-2004, the long-term EM did not level off towards 0 (RSI

// Marta Cabezon 1, 2 , Joan Bargay 3 , Blanca Xicoy 1 , Olga Garcia 4 , Josep Borras 3 , Mar Tormo 5 , Silvia Marce 1 , Carme Pedro 6 , David Valcarcel 7 , Maria-Jose Jimenez 1 , Ramon Guardia 8 , Laura Palomo 4 , Salut Brunet 9 , Ferran Vall-Llovera 10 , Antoni Garcia 11 , Evarist Feliu 1 and Lurdes Zamora 1 ; On Behalf of the CETLAM Group 1 Hematology Service, ICO Badalona-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain 2 Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain 3 Hematology Service, Hospital Son Llatzer, Mallorca, Spain 4 Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Campus Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain 5 Hematology Service, Hospital Clinic de Valencia, Valencia, Spain 6 Hematology Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain 7 Hematology Service, Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain 8 Hematology Service, ICO Girona-Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain 9 Hematology Service, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain 10 Hematology Service, Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain 11 Hematology Service, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain Correspondence to: Lurdes Zamora, email: lzamora@iconcologia.net Keywords: myelodysplastic syndromes; secondary acute myeloid leukemia; targeted deep sequencing; prognostic factors; 5-azacytidine Received: December 06, 2017 Accepted: March 05, 2018 Published: April 10, 2018 ABSTRACT Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are stem cell disorders caused by various gene abnormalities. We performed targeted deep sequencing in 39 patients with high-risk MDS and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) at diagnosis and follow-up (response and/or relapse), with the aim to define their mutational status, to establish if specific mutations are biomarkers of response to 5-azacytidine (AZA) and/or may have impact on survival. Overall, 95% of patients harbored at least one mutation. TP53, DNMT3A and SRSF2 were the most frequently altered genes. Mutations in TP53 correlated with higher risk features and shorter overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) in univariate analysis. Patients with SRSF2 mutations were associated with better OS and PFS. Response rate was 55%; but we could not correlate the presence of TET2 and TP53 mutations with AZA response. Patients with sAML presented more variations than patients with high-risk MDS, and usually at relapse the number of mutations increased, supporting the idea that in advanced stages of the disease there is a greater genomic complexity. These results confirm that mutation analysis can add prognostic value to high-risk MDS and sAML patients, not only at diagnosis but also at follow-up.

Cirurgia oncològica; Avaluació; Indicadors Cirugía oncológica; Evaluación; Indicadores Oncological surgery; Evaluation; Indicators El presente trabajo corresponde a la segunda evaluación de los resultados de la cirugía oncológica digestiva de alta especialización con intención curativa de cirugía de esófago, de páncreas y de hígado (que incluye metástasis hepáticas desde la primera evaluación, actualmente ampliado a vías biliares y tumor hepático primario) para los años 2014 y 2015. A diferencia de la primera evaluación basada en el uso de la auditoría clínica "externa", la metodología aplicada en esta segunda evaluación incorpora información directa de los propios profesionales. En ambos casos ha habido feedback, y validación de los resultados finales por su parte. El present treball correspon a la segona avaluació dels resultats de la cirurgia oncològica digestiva d’alta especialització amb intenció curativa de cirurgia d’esòfag, de pàncrees i de fetge (que inclou metàstasis hepàtiques des de la primera avaluació, actualment ampliat a vies biliars i tumor hepàtic primari) per als anys 2014 i 2015. A diferència de la primera avaluació basada en l’ús de l’auditoria clínica “externa”, la metodologia aplicada en aquesta segona avaluació incorpora informació directa dels propis professionals. En ambdós casos hi ha hagut feedback, i validació dels resultats finals per part seva. The present work corresponds to the second evaluation of the results of the digestive oncology surgery of high specialization with a curative intention of surgery of the esophagus, pancreas and liver (which includes hepatic metastases from the first evaluation, currently extended to bile ducts and primary hepatic tumor) for the years 2014 and 2015. Unlike the first evaluation based on the use of the "external" clinical audit, the methodology applied in this second evaluation incorporates direct information from the professionals themselves. In both cases there has been feedback, and validation of the final results on his part.

Digestive oncologic surgery; Hospital volume; Mortality Cirurgia oncològica digestiva; Volum; Mortalitat Cirugía oncológica digestiva; Volumen; Mortalidad El objetivo de este estudio se ha centrado en examinar los cambios en la actividad, las técnicas quirúrgicas y los resultados del progresivo proceso de concentración de la cirugía oncológica digestiva de complejidad en el período 2005-2012 en los centros pertenecientes al Sistema Integral Sanitario de Catalunya (SISCAT), teniendo como referencia el estudio realizado en años anteriores (1996-2000).

Una de las consecuencias del progreso en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del cáncer es el aumento de la supervivencia observado en las últimas décadas en Europa y en España. El número de nuevos casos de cáncer continúa aumentando principalmente debido al envejecimiento de la población, por lo que es previsible que el número de personas que viven años tras un diagnóstico de cáncer continúe creciendo. Este hecho supone un elemento de presión a los sistemas sanitarios, que muestran sus limitaciones para atenderlos con el modelo actual de seguimiento. Deben plantearse nuevos escenarios asistenciales, tanto desde la perspectiva de la gestión sanitaria como de la clínica. A pesar de no haber suficiente evidencia científica sobre cómo sistematizar el seguimiento de los casos, se están impulsando diversas estrategias, sobre todo en otros países, para lograr una mayor adecuación en la provisión de servicios a estos pacientes. En España tales experiencias son muy escasas, pero dada la situación emergente, que bien puede ser comparada a un efecto en bola de nieve, se requiere la revisión y la reformulación del modelo actual para ofrecer una respuesta más efectiva y ajustada a la realidad. El propósito de este artículo es identificar las prioridades de atención de estos pacientes desde el punto de vista sanitario, revisar los modelos organizativos que se ensayan en otros países y proponer un marco de referencia, basado en la integración de niveles asistenciales, incluyendo atención primaria de la salud, que es la Cenicienta en este problema, como aproximación a un modelo que permita evaluar las mejores opciones asistenciales para estos pacientes en nuestro entorno sanitario. One of the consequences of diagnostic and therapeutic progress in cancer is the increased survival observed in the last few decades in Spain and elsewhere in Europe. New cancer cases are increasing steadily due to population aging, among other factors. Consequently, the number of long-term survivors can be expected to increase in the years to come. This increase will tax healthcare systems, which are already showing the limitations of the present model of follow-up. New scenarios should be assessed and proposed from both the management and clinical perspectives. Although there is insufficient scientific evidence to indicate the most effective way to organize the follow-up of these patients, several approaches are being proposed in other countries to improve the fit between health services provision and the specific needs of these patients. In Spain, these experiences are scarce. However, given the situation, which could be described as a snowball effect, the current model should be reviewed and new approaches discussed in order to provide a more effective response to this situation. This article aims to identify the priorities for cancer survivors from the healthcare point of view, to review organizational approaches in other countries, and to propose a framework, based on the integration of the different levels of health care, including primary care - the Cinderella of this situation - in order to assess various healthcare options for these patients in the Spanish healthcare context.

Objetivo: Evaluar el punto de corte óptimo de la concentración de cotinina en saliva para discriminar el consumo de tabaco en la población adulta de Barcelona. Métodos: Estudio transversal de una muestra representativa (n=1117) de la población adulta (>16 años) de la ciudad de Barcelona (2004-2005). El estudio recogió información sobre tabaquismo (activo y pasivo) mediante cuestionario y una muestra de saliva para la determinación de cotinina. Se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad y especificidad estratificado por sexo, edad, tipo de consumo (diario y ocasional) y exposición al humo ambiental del tabaco en el hogar. Se calcularon las curvas ROC y el área bajo la curva. Resultados: La prevalencia de fumadores (diarios y ocasionales) fue del 27,8% (intervalo de confianza del 95%: 25,2-30,4%). El punto de corte óptimo que separa a los no fumadores de los fumadores es 9,2ng/ml (sensibilidad del 88,7% y especificidad del 89,0%). El área bajo la curva ROC fue 0,952. El punto de corte fue 12,2ng/ml para los hombres y 7,6 para las mujeres, y aumentaba en los grupos de edad con mayor prevalencia de tabaquismo. Los fumadores diarios tenían un punto de corte superior al de los fumadores ocasionales. Conclusiones: El punto de corte óptimo que discrimina fumadores de no fumadores en la población adulta es 9,2ng/ml, con sensibilidad y especificidad cercanas al 90%. El punto de corte es más alto en los hombres y en los grupos de menor edad, y aumenta cuanto mayor es la prevalencia de consumo diario. Objective: To assess the optimal cut-point for salivary cotinine concentration to identify smoking status in the adult population of Barcelona. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of a representative sample (n=1,117) of the adult population (>16 years) in Barcelona (2004-2005). This study gathered information on active and passive smoking by means of a questionnaire and a saliva sample for cotinine determination. We analyzed sensitivity and specificity according to sex, age, smoking status (daily and occasional), and exposure to second-hand smoke at home. ROC curves and the area under the curve were calculated. Results: The prevalence of smokers (daily and occasional) was 27.8% (95% CI: 25.2-30.4%). The optimal cut-point to discriminate smoking status was 9.2ng/ml (sensitivity=88.7% and specificity=89.0%). The area under the ROC curve was 0.952. The optimal cut-point was 12.2ng/ml in men and 7.6ng/ml in women. The optimal cut-point was higher at ages with a greater prevalence of smoking. Daily smokers had a higher cut-point than occasional smokers. Conclusions: The optimal cut-point to discriminate smoking status in the adult population is 9.2ng/ml, with sensitivities and specificities around 90%. The cut-point was higher in men and in younger people. The cut-point increases with higher prevalence of daily smokers.

El método más utilizado en el cálculo de la supervivencia de los pacientes diagnosticados de cáncer es la supervivencia relativa. Este método tiene en cuenta la estimación de la supervivencia esperada de dichos pacientes a partir de la mortalidad observada en la zona geográfica de la que proceden. Los métodos utilizados con mayor frecuencia en dicha estimación son los de Ederer (I y II) y el método de Hakulinen. Para dichos cálculos es necesaria la disponibilidad de las tablas de supervivencia estratificadas por edad y por período de calendario. En este trabajo se presenta un ejemplo en el que se muestra cómo realizar dichos cálculos de tal forma que permitan al investigador decidir qué método es el más adecuado según el tipo de análisis que lleve a cabo. Se mostrará que, si el tiempo de seguimiento de la cohorte es inferior a 10 años, cualquiera de los métodos debería dar resultados similares. Sin embargo, el método recomendable es el de Hakulinen, ya que tiene en cuenta la heterogeneidad en el momento de las censuras debidas a posibles pérdidas de seguimiento o abandonos. Relative survival is the most commonly used method to determine survival in patients diagnosed with cancer. This method takes into account estimation of expected survival in cancer patients based on the observed mortality in the geographical area to which they belong. The most frequently used methods for estimation of expected survival are the Ederer (I and II) and Hakulinen methods. Survival tables for the geographical areas stratified by age and calendar year are required for these calculations. The present article presents an example of how to perform these estimations and how to choose the most appropriate method for the type of analysis to be performed. This article shows that if the follow-up of the cohort is less than 10 years, any of these methods should give similar results. However, the Hakulinen method is preferred, since it accounts for heterogeneity due to potential withdrawals.