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Background With the aging of the population, the prevalence of atrial fibrillation is increasing year by year. As the "gatekeepers" of community residents' health, grassroots medical staff with a high level of knowledge about atrial fibrillation is particularly important for standardized management of atrial fibrillation. Objective To analyze the mastery of atrial fibrillation-related knowledge among grassroots medical staff in Fengxian District, Shanghai and its influencing factors, thus, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent training work. Methods This study is a cross-sectional survey study. From June to July 2021, a systematic sampling method was used to select 1 393 grassroots medical staff as the research objects including general practitioners, nurses, pharmacists, public health physicians and other medical staff (imaging technology/physician, laboratory technician, traditional Chinese medicine doctor and so on) from 21 community health service centers in Fengxian District, Shanghai. This study used a self-developed electronic questionnaire to investigate them. The contents of the questionnaire included general information and knowledge related to atrial fibrillation (basic knowledge about atrial fibrillation, knowledge about anticoagulant therapy and knowledge about rhythm/heart rate control) . This study compared the mastery of atrial fibrillation-related knowledge among grassroots medical staff in different positions, and used univariate Logistic regression, ordinal multiple classification or binary Logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of grassroots medical staff's mastery of atrial fibrillation-related knowledge. Results A total of 1 383 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the valid questionnaire recovery rate was 99.28%. Among 1 383 grassroots medical staff, 506 cases (36.59%) were general practitioners. 54.88% (759/1 383) , 97.69% (1 351/1 383) and 69.63% (963/1 383) failed in the basic knowledge about atrial fibrillation, knowledge about anticoagulation and knowledge about heart rhythm/heart rate control, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of atrial fibrillation knowledge, anticoagulation knowledge and heart rhythm/heart rate control knowledge among grassroots medical staff in different positions (P

From the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) Eigenfactor Project 2015 category, 115 journals in six disciplines which are ranked top 20 in order of impact scores in their own disciplines were selected. A total of 1002 industrial cluster research studies collected from the Web of Science between 1998 to 2019 were used as samples. BibExcel software was used for data cleaning and literature co-citation analysis, and co-occurrence matrix was inserted into SPSS software and Pajek software for exploratory factor analysis and network analysis, respectively. The differences and commonalities of the two results obtained from exploratory factor analysis and network analysis were compared by reading literature abstracts and manuscripts to robustly identify the knowledge base. According to the framework of 2W1H, the knowledge module was integrated into a problem-oriented system to understand the internal logic mechanism of the entire study. The top 41 studies in the citation frequency of each period from 1998 to 2005, 2006 to 2012, and 2013 to 2019 were selected to analyze the keyword co-occurrence in different periods, main theoretical basis, contextual focus, evolution of research topics, and important research trends. The results show that: 1) The knowledge base of industrial clusters can be divided into nine modules: external economics and new economic geography, new industrial district theory, competitive advantage theory, evolutionary economic geography, buzz and pipelines, regional innovation system, new economic sociology, absorptive capacity, and global chains; 2) The knowledge structure of these modules can be reflected through the 2W1H research framework, in which the WHAT part is composed of four modules: external economics, new economic geography, new industrial district theory, competitive advantage theory, and evolutionary economic geography. It answers the questions regarding concept, types and development stages of the cluster. The knowledge base of cluster type research in this part is less, which reflects the lack of corresponding research literature, and therefore this needs to be enriched using typology theory. The part WHY is composed of external economics and this is divided into two modules, i.e., new economic geography and competitive advantage theory, which answer the questions about the causes of cluster and its impact on regional or enterprise competitive advantage. In the 21st century, researchers have paid increasing attention to the causes of urban cultural and creative industry cluster formation. The part HOW is composed of five modules: buzz and pipelines, regional innovation system, new economic sociology, absorptive capacity, and global chains. This part is the most important, and can be categorized into three levels: enterprise, region, and country; 3) Between 1998-2019, the regional innovation system had been the main theoretical source of cluster. Evolutionary economic geography had occupied a significant position between 2006 and 2012 and it tended to blend with the global chain. The important theoretical sources of the three periods were constantly updated and enriched, thereby increasing the degree of integration with management theory. The focused industries of the three periods were more diverse, especially the status of the service industry, and the focus regions were later transferred to emerging markets and underdeveloped markets; innovation and local economic development had always been the core topics of the three periods. From 2006 to 2012, globalization and entrepreneurial activities received more attention. From 2013 to 2019, management theory occupied the main position, as it focused on new topics such as environmental governance and stakeholder management, and paid more attention to social, ecological, and other issues. Finally, based on the results, some suggestions for domestic research were presented.

BackgroundAcculturation involves stress-related processes and health behavioral changes, which may have an effect on left ventricular (LV) mass, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined the relationship between acculturation and LV mass in a multiethnic cohort of White, African-American, Hispanic and Chinese subjects.MethodsCardiac magnetic resonance assessment was available for 5004 men and women, free of clinical CVD at baseline. Left ventricular mass index was evaluated as LV mass indexed by body surface area. Acculturation was characterized based on language spoken at home, place of birth and length of stay in the United States (U.S.), and a summary acculturation score ranging from 0 = least acculturated to 5 = most acculturated. Mean LV mass index adjusted for traditional CVD risk factors was compared across acculturation levels.ResultsUnadjusted mean LV mass index was 78.0 ± 16.3 g/m(2). In adjusted analyses, speaking exclusively English at home compared to non-English language was associated with higher LV mass index (81.3 ± 0.4 g/m(2) vs 79.9 ± 0.5 g/m(2), p = 0.02). Among foreign-born participants, having lived in the U.S. for ≥ 20 years compared to

INTRODUCTION: Retinal vascular network changes may reflect the integrity of the cerebral microcirculation, and may be associated with cognitive impairment. METHODS: Associations of retinal vascular measures with cognitive function and MRI biomarkers were examined amongst Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants in North Carolina who had gradable retinal photographs at Exams 2 (2002 to 2004, n = 313) and 5 (2010 to 2012, n = 306), and detailed cognitive testing and MRI at Exam 6 (2016 to 2018). RESULTS: After adjustment for covariates and multiple comparisons, greater arteriolar fractal dimension (FD) at Exam 2 was associated with less isotropic free water of gray matter regions (β = −0.0005, SE = 0.0024, p = 0.01) at Exam 6, while greater arteriolar FD at Exam 5 was associated with greater gray matter cortical volume (in mm3, β = 5458, SE = 20.17, p = 0.04) at Exam 6. CONCLUSION: Greater arteriolar FD, reflecting greater complexity of the branching pattern of the retinal arteries, is associated with MRI biomarkers indicative of less neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]