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UnlabelledThe genetic correction of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) induced from somatic cells of patients with sensorineural hearing loss (caused by hereditary factors) is a promising method for its treatment. The correction of gene mutations in iPSCs could restore the normal function of cells and provide a rich source of cells for transplantation. In the present study, iPSCs were generated from a deaf patient with compound heterozygous MYO7A mutations (c.1184G>A and c.4118C>T; P-iPSCs), the asymptomatic father of the patient (MYO7A c.1184G>A mutation; CF-iPSCs), and a normal donor (MYO7A(WT/WT); C-iPSCs). One of MYO7A mutation sites (c.4118C>T) in the P-iPSCs was corrected using CRISPR/Cas9. The corrected iPSCs (CP-iPSCs) retained cell pluripotency and normal karyotypes. Hair cell-like cells induced from CP-iPSCs showed restored organization of stereocilia-like protrusions; moreover, the electrophysiological function of these cells was similar to that of cells induced from C-iPSCs and CF-iPSCs. These results might facilitate the development of iPSC-based gene therapy for genetic disorders.SignificanceInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from a deaf patient with compound heterozygous MYO7A mutations (c.1184G>A and c.4118C>T). One of the MYO7A mutation sites (c.4118C>T) in the iPSCs was corrected using CRISPR/Cas9. The genetic correction of MYO7A mutation resulted in morphologic and functional recovery of hair cell-like cells derived from iPSCs. These findings confirm the hypothesis that MYO7A plays an important role in the assembly of stereocilia into stereociliary bundles. Thus, the present study might provide further insight into the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss and facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies against monogenic disease through the genetic repair of patient-specific iPSCs.

Palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylalions of 2-iodoanilines wiih various terminal alkynes nave been carried out by the use of commercially available molybdenum hexacarbonyl as a convenient and solid carbon monoxide source. The reactions were conducted at 160°C for 30 min under microwave irradiation and in the presence of [Et.sub.3]N in THF, affording the corresponding 2-quinolone derivatives in good regioselectivities and yields. Key words: microwave, palladium, carbonylation, 2-iodoaniline, 2-quinolone. Faisant appel a des catalyseurs de palladium et de l'hexacarbonyle de molybdene disponible commercialement comrae source eommode et solide de monoxyde de carbone, on a effectue des cyclocarbonylalions de 2-iodoanilines avec divers alcynes en position terminale. Les reactions ont ete effectuees a 160°C, pendant 30 minutes, sous irradialions de micro-ondes et en presence de [Et.sub.3]N dans le THF et elles conduisent a la formation des 2-quinoleones correspondantes avec de bons rendemenis el de bonnes regioselecliviles. Mots-cles : micro-onde, palladium, carbonylation, 2-iodoaniline, 2-quinoleone., Introduction Undoubtedly, the transition-metal-catalyzed carbonylation has become one of the most important carbonyl-formation reactions in organic synthesis. (1) Particularly, palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation of unsaturated substrates provides a unique, concise, and efficient [...]

Abstract: Organocatalytic asymmetric direct aldol reactions in brine with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities, using a readily available bifunctional amide catalyst, were developed. Key words: aldol reaction, organocatalyst, asymmetric catalysis, water. [...]

At the present time, consumers often disclose their privacy when using online platforms to receive personalized recommendation information and services, but they are also highly concerned whether their privacy is being violated. "Privacy paradox" is becoming a hot topic of research. What are the potential impacts of individual cognitive differences and situational cues on privacy decision-making? How to balance the internal causes of the "privacy paradox" so that consumers are more willing to accept personalized recommendation services based on users' privacy data? Can the transparency of privacy rights ease user conflict perceptions and promote disclosure intentions? These questions are inconclusive. Therefore, the purpose of this our research was to explore consumer privacy paradoxical behaviors from a novel perspective of the characteristics of authorization cues, and to clarify the internal relationship between individual cognitive processing and privacy authorization cues. This study suggests that the big data platform, when collecting or using user information, should try to reduce the behaviors that induce users' resistance. It also provides a reference for how to better achieve benign interaction in personalized recommendation between Internet companies and users. The event-related potential technique is adopted to explore the matching relationship between individual cognitive processing and privacy authorization cues and to analyze the internal neural mechanism of the personalized recommendation user in the authorization decision. The experiment simulated the privacy authorization situation, and adopted a 2 × 2 × 2 hybrid experimental design: authority sensitivity (high/low) * authorization transparency (with/without permission) * cognitive style (field dependent/field independent). The experimental results show that: (1) Authorization transparency, authority sensitivity and their interactions will affect the user's privacy authorization behaviors, and the interaction of the two cues has a greater impact on the behavior than the role of a single cue; (2) The cognitive style will affect the individual's attention resource allocation in the authorization scenario, which, limited by cognitive resources, will result in selective attention to contextual cues: Compared with the field-independent group with self-characterization as a reference, the field-dependent group induced a greater P2 amplitude; (3) When the two-cue valences in the authoritative scenario are inconsistent, the amplitude of the N2 component is greater than that when the valences are consistent, and the amplitude of the N2 induced by the field-dependent group is more affected by the scenario cue valence; (4) Regardless of whether it is a field-dependent group or a field-independent group, there is no salient difference in the amplitude of LPP components induced in each scenario. According to the results of this study, even if privacy authorization involves high risks, individuals tend to selectively seek supportive cues or avoid obtaining information that is inconsistent with their cognition. This research reveals the differences of neural mechanisms in users' actual decision-making, provides the possibility for further exploration of the black box behind users' attitudes and behaviors, and opens up new ideas for the study of the "privacy paradox." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acupuncture can induce changes in the brain. However, the majority of studies to date have focused on a single acupoint at a time. In the present study, we observed activity changes in the brains of healthy volunteers before and after acupuncture at Taichong (LR3) and Taixi (KI3) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Fifteen healthy volunteers underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain 15 minutes before acupuncture, then received acupuncture at Taichong and Taixi using the nail-pressing needle insertion method, after which the needle was retained in place for 30 minutes. Fifteen minutes after withdrawal of the needle, the volunteers underwent a further session of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed that the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, a measure of spontaneous neuronal activity, increased mainly in the cerebral occipital lobe and middle occipital gyrus (Brodmann area 18/19), inferior occipital gyrus (Brodmann area 18) and cuneus (Brodmann area 18), but decreased mainly in the gyrus rectus of the frontal lobe (Brodmann area 11), inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann area 44) and the center of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum. The present findings indicate that acupuncture at Taichong and Taixi specifically promote blood flow and activation in the brain areas related to vision, emotion and cognition, and inhibit brain areas related to emotion, attention, phonological and semantic processing, and memory.

A novel organocatalytic asymmetric cyclopropanation of β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters with stabilized sulfur ylides using C(2)-symmetric urea as a hydrogen-bond catalyst has been described. This reaction allows an efficient access to 1,2,3-trisubstituted cyclopropane derivatives in moderate to good yields with up to 16:1 dr and 90:10 er under mild reaction conditions. The mechanism study proved that the high stereoinduction originated from the cooperative effect of the hydrogen-bond catalyst.

Objective: To explore via an arthroscopic second-look the effect of preserved residual anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tissue upon revascularization of allologous bone-patellar tendon-bone (B-PT-B) grafting., Methods: Twenty-eight patients with allologous B-PT-B ACL reconstruction were recruited. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the amount of residual ACL tissue. Group A: ACL residual tissue was cleared; Group B: ACL residual tissue was preserved. Patients were advised to undergo arthroscopic second-look at 6 months after ACL reconstruction. During second surgery, ACL photos were taken during 10 minutes after tourniquet was released. Photoshop was used to analyze red chroma of ACL tissue. The percentage area of three degrees of red chroma was calculated and a standard curve plotted., Results: Fourteen cases in group A and 13 cases in group B were examined by second-look arthroscopy. According to Photoshop analysis, ACL graft in group B had better red chroma appearance than group A. Two peaks were observed on grade three red chroma curve., Conclusion: Residual ACL tissue can be preserved during allologous B-PB-B reconstruction of ACL At 6 months post-reconstruction, the revascularization of graft with preserved residual ACL tissue was much better than the other grafts. Small vessels were found on surface of all ACL grafts at 6 months post-reconstruction.