Search

Your search keyword '"Chitnis, Nakul"' showing total 346 results
Start Over Author "Chitnis, Nakul" Search Limiters Available in Library Collection
346 results on '"Chitnis, Nakul"'

1. Accelerating Progress Towards the 2030 Neglected Tropical Diseases Targets: How Can Quantitative Modeling Support Programmatic Decisions?

Author

Borlase, Anna, Brady, Oliver, Browning, Raiha, Chitnis, Nakul, Coffeng, Luc, Crowley, Emily, Cucunubá, Zulma, Cummings, Derek, Davis, Christopher, Davis, Emma, Dixon, Matthew, Dobson, Andrew, Dyson, Louise, French, Michael, Fronterre, Claudio, Giorgi, Emanuele, Huang, Ching-I, Jain, Saurabh, James, Ananthu, Kim, Sung, Kura, Klodeta, Lucianez, Ana, Marks, Michael, Mbabazi, Pamela, Medley, Graham, Michael, Edwin, Montresor, Antonio, Mutono, Nyamai, Mwangi, Thumbi, Rock, Kat, Saboyá-Díaz, Martha-Idalí, Sasanami, Misaki, Schwehm, Markus, Spencer, Simon, Srivathsan, Ariktha, Stawski, Robert, Stolk, Wilma, Sutherland, Samuel, Tchuenté, Louis-Albert, de Vlas, Sake, Walker, Martin, Brooker, Simon, Hollingsworth, T, Solomon, Anthony, Fall, Ibrahima, Vasconcelos, Andreia, King, Jonathan, Nunes-Alves, Cláudio, Anderson, Roy, Argaw, Daniel, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, Bilal, Shakir, Blok, David, and Blumberg, Seth

Subjects
control, elimination, mathematical models, neglected tropical diseases, policy-making, Neglected Diseases, Humans, Tropical Medicine, COVID-19, Models, Theoretical, World Health Organization, SARS-CoV-2, Decision Making, Global Health
Abstract

Over the past decade, considerable progress has been made in the control, elimination, and eradication of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Despite these advances, most NTD programs have recently experienced important setbacks; for example, NTD interventions were some of the most frequently and severely impacted by service disruptions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Mathematical modeling can help inform selection of interventions to meet the targets set out in the NTD road map 2021-2030, and such studies should prioritize questions that are relevant for decision-makers, especially those designing, implementing, and evaluating national and subnational programs. In September 2022, the World Health Organization hosted a stakeholder meeting to identify such priority modeling questions across a range of NTDs and to consider how modeling could inform local decision making. Here, we summarize the outputs of the meeting, highlight common themes in the questions being asked, and discuss how quantitative modeling can support programmatic decisions that may accelerate progress towards the 2030 targets.

Published
2024

2. Testing and treatment for malaria elimination: a systematic review.

Author

Newby, Gretchen, Cotter, Chris, Roh, Michelle, Harvard, Kelly, Bennett, Adam, Hwang, Jimee, Chitnis, Nakul, Fine, Sydney, Stresman, Gillian, Chen, Ingrid, Gosling, Roly, and Hsiang, Michelle

Subjects
Active case detection, Malaria, Malaria elimination, Plasmodium falciparum, Proactive, Reactive, Screen and treat, Test and treat
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Global interest in malaria elimination has prompted research on active test and treat (TaT) strategies. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the effectiveness of TaT strategies to reduce malaria transmission. RESULTS: A total of 72 empirical research and 24 modelling studies were identified, mainly focused on proactive mass TaT (MTaT) and reactive case detection (RACD) in higher and lower transmission settings, respectively. Ten intervention studies compared MTaT to no MTaT and the evidence for impact on malaria incidence was weak. No intervention studies compared RACD to no RACD. Compared to passive case detection (PCD) alone, PCD + RACD using standard diagnostics increased infection detection 52.7% and 11.3% in low and very low transmission settings, respectively. Using molecular methods increased this detection of infections by 1.4- and 1.1-fold, respectively. CONCLUSION: Results suggest MTaT is not effective for reducing transmission. By increasing case detection, surveillance data provided by RACD may indirectly reduce transmission by informing coordinated responses of intervention targeting.

Published
2023

10. Predicted Impact of COVID-19 on Neglected Tropical Disease Programs and the Opportunity for Innovation

Author

Toor, Jaspreet, Adams, Emily R, Aliee, Maryam, Amoah, Benjamin, Anderson, Roy M, Ayabina, Diepreye, Bailey, Robin, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, Blok, David J, Blumberg, Seth, Borlase, Anna, Rivera, Rocio Caja, Castaño, María Soledad, Chitnis, Nakul, Coffeng, Luc E, Crump, Ronald E, Das, Aatreyee, Davis, Christopher N, Davis, Emma L, Deiner, Michael S, Diggle, Peter J, Fronterre, Claudio, Giardina, Federica, Giorgi, Emanuele, Graham, Matthew, Hamley, Jonathan ID, Huang, Ching-I, Kura, Klodeta, Lietman, Thomas M, Lucas, Tim CD, Malizia, Veronica, Medley, Graham F, Meeyai, Aronrag, Michael, Edwin, Porco, Travis C, Prada, Joaquin M, Rock, Kat S, Le Rutte, Epke A, Smith, Morgan E, Spencer, Simon EF, Stolk, Wilma A, Touloupou, Panayiota, Vasconcelos, Andreia, Vegvari, Carolin, de Vlas, Sake J, Walker, Martin, and Hollingsworth, T Déirdre

Subjects
Rare Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Vector-Borne Diseases, Orphan Drug, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, COVID-19, Humans, Neglected Diseases, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Tropical Medicine, neglected tropical diseases, coronavirus, modeling, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology
Abstract

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many key neglected tropical disease (NTD) activities have been postponed. This hindrance comes at a time when the NTDs are progressing towards their ambitious goals for 2030. Mathematical modelling on several NTDs, namely gambiense sleeping sickness, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases (STH), trachoma, and visceral leishmaniasis, shows that the impact of this disruption will vary across the diseases. Programs face a risk of resurgence, which will be fastest in high-transmission areas. Furthermore, of the mass drug administration diseases, schistosomiasis, STH, and trachoma are likely to encounter faster resurgence. The case-finding diseases (gambiense sleeping sickness and visceral leishmaniasis) are likely to have fewer cases being detected but may face an increasing underlying rate of new infections. However, once programs are able to resume, there are ways to mitigate the impact and accelerate progress towards the 2030 goals.

Published
2021

12. Evaluating and mitigating the potential indirect effect of COVID-19 on control programmes for seven neglected tropical diseases: a modelling study

Author

Aliee, Maryam, Anderson, Roy M, Ayabina, Diepreye, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, Blumberg, Seth, Caja Rivera, Rocio M, Chitnis, Nakul, Coffeng, Luc E, Davis, Christopher N, Deiner, Michael, Diggle, Peter J, Fronterrè, Claudio, Giorgi, Emanuele, Graham, Matthew, Hamley, Jonathan ID, Hollingsworth, T Deirdre, Keeling, Matt J, Kura, Klodeta, Lietman, Thomas M, Malizia, Veronica, Medley, Graham F, Michael, Edwin, Thumbi, S Mwangi, Mutono, Nyamai, Porco, Travis, Prada, Joaquín M, Rock, Kat S, Sharma, Swarnali, Spencer, Simon, Stolk, Wilma A, Touloupou, Panayiota, Vasconcelos, Andreia, Vegvari, Carolin, de Vlas, Sake J, Borlase, Anna, Le Rutte, Epke A, Castaño, Soledad, Blok, David J, Toor, Jaspreet, Giardina, Federica, and Davis, Emma L

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Attacking the mosquito on multiple fronts: Insights from the Vector Control Optimization Model (VCOM) for malaria elimination

Author

Kiware, Samson S, Chitnis, Nakul, Tatarsky, Allison, Wu, Sean, Castellanos, Héctor Manuel Sánchez, Gosling, Roly, Smith, David, and Marshall, John M

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, Rare Diseases, Vector-Borne Diseases, Malaria, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, 3.2 Interventions to alter physical and biological environmental risks, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, Anopheles, Ecosystem, Mosquito Control, Mosquito Vectors, Sexual Behavior, Animal, General Science & Technology
Abstract

BackgroundDespite great achievements by insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) in reducing malaria transmission, it is unlikely these tools will be sufficient to eliminate malaria transmission on their own in many settings today. Fortunately, field experiments indicate that there are many promising vector control interventions that can be used to complement ITNs and/or IRS by targeting a wide range of biological and environmental mosquito resources. The majority of these experiments were performed to test a single vector control intervention in isolation; however, there is growing evidence and consensus that effective vector control with the goal of malaria elimination will require a combination of interventions.Method and findingsWe have developed a model of mosquito population dynamic to describe the mosquito life and feeding cycles and to optimize the impact of vector control intervention combinations at suppressing mosquito populations. The model simulations were performed for the main three malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa, Anopheles gambiae s.s, An. arabiensis and An. funestus. We considered areas having low, moderate and high malaria transmission, corresponding to entomological inoculation rates of 10, 50 and 100 infective bites per person per year, respectively. In all settings, we considered baseline ITN coverage of 50% or 80% in addition to a range of other vector control tools to interrupt malaria transmission. The model was used to sweep through parameters space to select the best optimal intervention packages. Sample model simulations indicate that, starting with ITNs at a coverage of 50% (An. gambiae s.s. and An. funestus) or 80% (An. arabiensis) and adding interventions that do not require human participation (e.g. larviciding at 80% coverage, endectocide treated cattle at 50% coverage and attractive toxic sugar baits at 50% coverage) may be sufficient to suppress all the three species to an extent required to achieve local malaria elimination.ConclusionThe Vector Control Optimization Model (VCOM) is a computational tool to predict the impact of combined vector control interventions at the mosquito population level in a range of eco-epidemiological settings. The model predicts specific combinations of vector control tools to achieve local malaria elimination in a range of eco-epidemiological settings and can assist researchers and program decision-makers on the design of experimental or operational research to test vector control interventions. A corresponding graphical user interface is available for national malaria control programs and other end users.

Published
2017

29. Treatment outcome in an SI model with evolutionary resistance: a Darwinian model for the evolution of resistance.

Author

Cushing, J. M., Park, Junpyo, Farrell, Alex, and Chitnis, Nakul

Subjects
TREATMENT effectiveness, EVOLUTIONARY models, NATURAL immunity, INFECTIOUS disease transmission
Abstract

We consider a Darwinian (evolutionary game theoretic) version of a standard susceptible-infectious SI model in which the resistance of the disease causing pathogen to a treatment that prevents death to infected individuals is subject to evolutionary adaptation. We determine the existence and stability of all equilibria, both disease-free and endemic, and use the results to determine conditions under which the treatment will succeed or fail. Of particular interest are conditions under which a successful treatment in the absence of resistance adaptation (i.e. one that leads to a stable disease-free equilibrium) will succeed or fail when pathogen resistance is adaptive. These conditions are determined by the relative breadths of treatment effectiveness and infection transmission rate distributions as functions of pathogen resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Evaluating and mitigating the potential indirect effect of COVID-19 on control programmes for seven neglected tropical diseases: a modelling study

Author

Borlase, Anna, primary, Le Rutte, Epke A, additional, Castaño, Soledad, additional, Blok, David J, additional, Toor, Jaspreet, additional, Giardina, Federica, additional, Davis, Emma L, additional, Aliee, Maryam, additional, Anderson, Roy M, additional, Ayabina, Diepreye, additional, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, additional, Blumberg, Seth, additional, Caja Rivera, Rocio M, additional, Chitnis, Nakul, additional, Coffeng, Luc E, additional, Davis, Christopher N, additional, Deiner, Michael, additional, Diggle, Peter J, additional, Fronterrè, Claudio, additional, Giorgi, Emanuele, additional, Graham, Matthew, additional, Hamley, Jonathan ID, additional, Hollingsworth, T Deirdre, additional, Keeling, Matt J, additional, Kura, Klodeta, additional, Lietman, Thomas M, additional, Malizia, Veronica, additional, Medley, Graham F, additional, Michael, Edwin, additional, Thumbi, S Mwangi, additional, Mutono, Nyamai, additional, Porco, Travis, additional, Prada, Joaquín M, additional, Rock, Kat S, additional, Sharma, Swarnali, additional, Spencer, Simon, additional, Stolk, Wilma A, additional, Touloupou, Panayiota, additional, Vasconcelos, Andreia, additional, Vegvari, Carolin, additional, and de Vlas, Sake J, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Additional file 1 of Leveraging mathematical models of disease dynamics and machine learning to improve development of novel malaria interventions

Author

Golumbeanu, Monica, Yang, Guo-Jing, Camponovo, Flavia, Stuckey, Erin M., Hamon, Nicholas, Mondy, Mathias, Rees, Sarah, Chitnis, Nakul, Cameron, Ewan, and Penny, Melissa A.

Abstract

Additional file 1. Includes additional methods, figures, and tables that complement the analysis and results presented in the main manuscript.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. Chapitre 11 - Modèles de transmission animaux-humains

Author

Zinsstag, Jakob, Fuhrimann, Samuel, Hattendorf, Jan, and Chitnis, Nakul

Subjects
sécurité alimentaire, production animale, Social Work & Social Policy, épidémiologie, santé, politique publique, environnement, écologie
Abstract

Introduction Plus de 60 % des maladies infectieuses humaines sont imputables à des agents pathogènes communs avec les animaux (Karesh et al., 2012). Bien qu’un vaste corpus de connaissances existe sur la transmission intraspécifique des maladies infectieuses, nous en savons étonnamment peu sur la dynamique de transmission d’agents pathogènes zoonotiques entre espèces (Lloyd-Smith et al., 2009). Toutefois, pour comprendre...

Published
2021

41. One health, une seule santé

Author

Abela-Ridder, Bernadette, Allen-Scott, Lisa, Atkinson, Mark W., Atkinson, Shirley J., Baljinnyam, Zolzaya, Béchir Mahamat, Mahamat, Beetz, Andrea, Boa, Éric, Bonfoh, Bassirou, Bresalier, Michael, Bunch, Martin J., Buntain, Bonnie, Cailleau, Aurélie, Cam, Phung Dac, Cassidy, Angela, Chitnis, Nakul, Choudhury, Adnan, Cleaveland, Sarah, Coleman, Paul, Cork, Susan C., Crump, Lisa, Cumming, David H.M., Cumming, Graeme S., Danielsen, Solveig, Dean, Anna, Fuhrimann, Samuel, Geale, Dorothy W., Grace, Delia, Grigg, Cheri, Haesen, Sophie, Hafner, Felix, Hall, David C., Hatfield, Jennifer, Hattendorf, Jan, Haydon, Daniel, Hediger, Karin, Houle, Karen L.F., Huong Giang, Pham Thi, Ibrahim, Abderahim, Jaeger, Fabienne, Jean-Richard, Vreni, Kama, Mike, Kasymbekov, Joldoshbek, King, Lonnie, Kunkel, Rebekah, Léchenne, Monique, Lévy Goldblum, Anne, Lubroth, Juan, Meisser, Andrea, Miranda, Mary Elizabeth, Nguyen, Vi, Nguyen-Viet, Hung, North, Michelle, Odermatt, Peter, Okello, Anna, Osofsky, Steven A., Ouattara, Karim, Pham-Duc, Phuc, Racloz, Vanessa, Reid, Simon, Rock, Melanie, Roth, Felix, Rubin, Carol S., Schelling, Esther, Shaw, Alexandra, Sinh, Dang Xuan, Stärk, Katharina D.C., Stephen, Craig, Tanner, Marcel, Tidjani, Abdessalam, Toan, Luu Quoc, Tschanz Cooke, Karin, Tschopp, Rea, Turner, Dennis C., Tuyet Hanh, Tran Thi, Vallat, Bernard, Vandersmissen, Alain, Van Minh, Hoang, Vu-Van, Tu, Vu Anh, Le, Waltner-Toews, David, Welburn, Susan C., Wettlaufer, Lenke, Whittaker, Maxine A., Woods, Abigail, Zinsstag, Jakob, Zurbrügg, Christian, Zinsstag, Jakob, Schelling, Esther, Waltner-Toews, David, Whittaker, Maxine A., and Tanner, Marcel

Subjects
sécurité alimentaire, production animale, Social Work & Social Policy, épidémiologie, santé, politique publique, environnement, écologie
Abstract

One Health, « Une seule santé », est une stratégie mondiale visant à développer les collaborations interdisciplinaires pour la santé humaine, animale et environnementale. Elle promeut une approche intégrée, systémique et unifiée de la santé aux échelles locale, nationale et mondiale, afin de mieux affronter les maladies émergentes à risque pandémique, mais aussi s'adapter aux impacts environnementaux présents et futurs. Bien que ce mouvement s’étende, la littérature en français reste rare. Traduit de l’anglais, coordonné par d’éminents épidémiologistes et s'appuyant sur un large panel d' approches scientifiques rarement réunies autour de la santé, cet ouvrage retrace les origines du concept et présente un contenu pratique sur les outils méthodologiques, la collecte de données, les techniques de surveillance et les plans d’étude. Il combine recherche et pratique en un seul volume et constitue un ouvrage de référence unique pour la santé mondiale.

Published
2021

43. Additional file 8 of Predicting the impact of outdoor vector control interventions on malaria transmission intensity from semi-field studies

Author

Denz, Adrian, Njoroge, Margaret M., Tambwe, Mgeni M., Champagne, Clara, Okumu, Fredros, van Loon, Joop J. A., Hiscox, Alexandra, Saddler, Adam, Fillinger, Ulrike, Moore, Sarah J., and Chitnis, Nakul

Abstract

Additional file 8: S7. The Stan code for the delayed mortality model for both the intervention and the control arm in order to estimate the killing effect after biting.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results