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3. The Desmoplakin Phenotype Spectrum: Is the Inflammation the "Fil Rouge" Linking Myocarditis, Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy, and Uncommon Autoinflammatory Systemic Disease?

Author

D'Elia, Saverio, Caputo, Adriano, Natale, Francesco, Pezzullo, Enrica, Limongelli, Giuseppe, Golino, Paolo, Cimmino, Giovanni, and Loffredo, Francesco S.

Subjects
DILATED cardiomyopathy, HEART failure, VENTRICULAR arrhythmia, PHYSIOLOGICAL stress, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of cardiac tissue presenting significant variability in clinical manifestations and outcomes. Its etiology is diverse, encompassing infectious agents (primarily viruses, but also bacteria, protozoa, and helminths) and non-infectious factors (autoimmune responses, toxins, and drugs), though often the specific cause remains unidentified. Recent research has highlighted the potential role of genetic susceptibility in the development of myocarditis (and in some cases the development of inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy, i.e., the condition in which there is chronic inflammation (>3 months) and left ventricular dysfunction\dilatation), with several studies indicating a correlation between myocarditis and genetic backgrounds. Notably, pathogenic genetic variants linked to dilated or arrhythmic cardiomyopathy are found in 8–16% of myocarditis patients. Genetic predispositions can lead to recurrent myocarditis and a higher incidence of ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure. Moreover, the presence of DSP mutations has been associated with distinct pathological patterns and clinical outcomes in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (hot phases). The interplay between genetic factors and environmental triggers, such as viral infections and physical stress, is crucial in understanding the pathogenesis of myocarditis. Identifying these genetic markers can improve the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of patients with myocarditis, potentially guiding tailored therapeutic interventions. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the genetic underpinnings of myocarditis, with an emphasis on desmoplakin-related arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, to enhance clinical understanding and inform future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. Treating Aortic Valve Stenosis for Vitality Improvement: The TAVI Study.

Author

Tartaglione, Donato, Prozzo, Dario, Bianchi, Renatomaria, Ciccarelli, Giovanni, Cappelli Bigazzi, Maurizio, Natale, Francesco, Golino, Paolo, and Cimmino, Giovanni

Subjects
HEART valve prosthesis implantation, AORTIC stenosis, HEART valve diseases, AORTIC valve transplantation, ALZHEIMER'S disease, TRANSCRANIAL Doppler ultrasonography, CEREBRAL circulation
Abstract

Background: Degenerative aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease among the elderly. Once cardiac symptoms occur, current guidelines recommend aortic valve replacement. Progressive degeneration/calcification reduces leaflet mobility with gradual cardiac output (CO) impairment. Low CO might induce abnormal brain-aging with cognitive impairment and increased risk of dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia. On the contrary, cognitive improvement has been reported in patients in whom CO was restored. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has proven to be a safe alternative to conventional surgery, with a similar mid-term survival and stroke risk even in low-risk patients. TAVI is associated with an immediate CO improvement, also effecting the cerebrovascular system, leading to an increased cerebral blood flow. The correlation between TAVI and cognitive improvement is still debated. The present study aims at evaluating this relationship in a cohort of AS patients where cognitive assessment before and after TAVI was available. Methods: a total of 47 patients were retrospectively selected. A transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) before and after TAVI, a quality of life (QoL) score, as well as a mini-mental state examination (MMSE) at baseline and up to 36 months, were available. Results: TAVI was associated with immediate increase in mean cerebral flow at TCD. MMSE slowly increase at 36-months follow-up with improved QoL mainly for symptoms, emotions and social interactions. Conclusions: this proof-of-concept study indicates that TAVI might induce cognitive improvement in the long-term as a result of multiple factors, such as cerebral flow restoration and a better QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. An Unusual Case of a Double Tricuspid and Mitral Valves Infective Endocarditis Complicated by Multiple Septic Embolisms Secondary to an Atrial Septal Defect: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Author

Monari, Caterina, primary, Molinari, Daniele, additional, Cornelli, Alessandro, additional, Alessio, Loredana, additional, Coppolino, Francesco, additional, Barbareschi, Consiglia, additional, De Pascalis, Stefania, additional, Torella, Michele, additional, Cimmino, Giovanni, additional, De Feo, Marisa, additional, Coppola, Nicola, additional, and Formisano, Tiziana, additional

Published
2023
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7. Non-Conventional Risk Factors: “Fact” or “Fake” in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention?

Author

Cimmino, Giovanni, primary, Natale, Francesco, additional, Alfieri, Roberta, additional, Cante, Luigi, additional, Covino, Simona, additional, Franzese, Rosa, additional, Limatola, Mirella, additional, Marotta, Luigi, additional, Molinari, Riccardo, additional, Mollo, Noemi, additional, Loffredo, Francesco S, additional, and Golino, Paolo, additional

Published
2023
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8. Cardiovascular Effects of Weight Loss in Obese Patients with Diabetes: Is Bariatric Surgery the Additional Arrow in the Quiver?

Author

Bottino, Roberta, primary, Carbone, Andreina, additional, Formisano, Tiziana, additional, D’Elia, Saverio, additional, Orlandi, Massimiliano, additional, Sperlongano, Simona, additional, Molinari, Daniele, additional, Castaldo, Pasquale, additional, Palladino, Alberto, additional, Barbareschi, Consiglia, additional, Tolone, Salvatore, additional, Docimo, Ludovico, additional, and Cimmino, Giovanni, additional

Published
2023
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9. Late Inguinal Swelling: Don't Judge a Book by Its Cover! An Unusual Case of Lymphocele.

Author

Natale, Francesco and Cimmino, Giovanni

Subjects
*CHEST pain, *VASCULAR closure devices, *CORONARY artery bypass, *LYMPHOCELE, *ARTERIAL catheterization, *EDEMA
Abstract

A 58-year-old man with a history of diabetes type I and chronic coronary syndrome who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) 7 years before was admitted to a cardiology unit for unplanned cardiac catheterization because of dyspnea and chest pain at rest. Femoral access was chosen because of the previous CABG and a vascular closure device (VCD) was used at the end of the procedure. Because of femoral artery rupture during VCD implantation, surgical vascular repair was performed. About 45 days later, the patient experienced a growing inguinal swelling at the site of vascular access in the absence of fever and clinical features of inflammation. The swelling became painful over time. Despite the most probable hypothesis of a hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, and inguinal abscess, a final diagnosis of lymphocele was made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. CARdioimaging in Lung Cancer PatiEnts Undergoing Radical RadioTherapy: CARE-RT Trial

Author

Nardone, Valerio, primary, Belfiore, Maria Paola, additional, De Chiara, Marco, additional, De Marco, Giuseppina, additional, Patanè, Vittorio, additional, Balestrucci, Giovanni, additional, Buono, Mauro, additional, Salvarezza, Maria, additional, Di Guida, Gaetano, additional, D’Angiolella, Domenico, additional, Grassi, Roberta, additional, D’Onofrio, Ida, additional, Cimmino, Giovanni, additional, Della Corte, Carminia Maria, additional, Gambardella, Antonio, additional, Morgillo, Floriana, additional, Ciardiello, Fortunato, additional, Reginelli, Alfonso, additional, and Cappabianca, Salvatore, additional

Published
2023
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14. Transient global amnesia in a patient with painless spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection: An unusual but possible underlying cause.

Author

Natale, Francesco, Molinari, Riccardo, Mollo, Noemi, Limatola, Mirella, De Luca, Lorenzo, Alfieri, Roberta, Izzo, Andrea, and Cimmino, Giovanni

Subjects
CAROTID artery ultrasonography, CAROTID artery dissections, INTERNAL carotid artery, MEDICAL sciences, PATENT foramen ovale, AORTIC dissection, TAKOTSUBO cardiomyopathy
Abstract

The article discusses a case of transient global amnesia (TGA) in a 42-year-old woman with painless spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection. TGA is a neurological condition characterized by sudden memory loss that resolves within 24 hours. The patient's anterograde amnesia was linked to reduced cerebral perfusion due to the carotid artery dissection, which was confirmed by Doppler ultrasound. The article highlights the importance of considering rare underlying causes like carotid artery dissection in TGA cases and emphasizes the need for appropriate diagnostic tools and follow-up care for such patients. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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15. Engineered heart tissue maturation inhibits cardiomyocyte proliferative response to cryoinjury.

Author

Ciucci, Giulio, Rahhali, Karim, Cimmino, Giovanni, Natale, Francesco, Golino, Paolo, Sinagra, Gianfranco, Collesi, Chiara, and Loffredo, Francesco S

Subjects
HEART, CARDIAC regeneration, DNA synthesis, MYOCARDIAL infarction, MYOCARDIAL injury, TISSUES, IMMUNE system
Abstract

The cellular and molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the poor regenerative capacity of the adult heart after myocardial infarction (MI) are still unclear and their understanding is crucial to develop novel regenerative therapies. Considering the lack of reliable in vitro tissue-like models to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of cardiac regeneration, we used cryoinjury on rat Engineered Heart Tissues (rEHTs) as a new model which recapitulates in part the in vivo response after myocardial injury of neonatal and adult heart. When we subjected to cryoinjury immature and mature rEHTs, we observed a significant increase in cardiomyocyte (CM) DNA synthesis when compared to the controls. As expected, the number of mitotic CMs significantly increases in immature rEHTs when compared to mature rEHTs, suggesting that the extent of CM maturation plays a crucial role in their proliferative response after cryoinjury. Moreover, we show that cryoinjury induces a temporary activation of fibroblast response in mature EHTs, similar to the early response after MI, that is however incomplete in immature EHTs. Our results support the hypothesis that the endogenous maturation program in cardiac myocytes plays a major role in determining the proliferative response to injury. Therefore, we propose rEHTs as a robust, novel tool to in vitro investigate critical aspects of cardiac regeneration in a tissue-like asset free from confounding factors in response to injury, such as the immune system response or circulating inflammatory cytokines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date Management

Author

Cimmino, Giovanni, primary, Bottino, Roberta, additional, Formisano, Tiziana, additional, Orlandi, Massimiliano, additional, Molinari, Daniele, additional, Sperlongano, Simona, additional, Castaldo, Pasquale, additional, D’Elia, Saverio, additional, Carbone, Andreina, additional, Palladino, Alberto, additional, Forte, Lavinia, additional, Coppolino, Francesco, additional, Torella, Michele, additional, and Coppola, Nicola, additional

Published
2023
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19. Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Author

Nardone, Valerio, primary, Reginelli, Alfonso, additional, De Marco, Giuseppina, additional, Natale, Giovanni, additional, Patanè, Vittorio, additional, De Chiara, Marco, additional, Buono, Mauro, additional, Russo, Gaetano Maria, additional, Monti, Riccardo, additional, Balestrucci, Giovanni, additional, Salvarezza, Maria, additional, Di Guida, Gaetano, additional, D’Ippolito, Emma, additional, Sangiovanni, Angelo, additional, Grassi, Roberta, additional, D’Onofrio, Ida, additional, Belfiore, Maria Paola, additional, Cimmino, Giovanni, additional, Della Corte, Carminia Maria, additional, Vicidomini, Giovanni, additional, Fiorelli, Alfonso, additional, Gambardella, Antonio, additional, Morgillo, Floriana, additional, and Cappabianca, Salvatore, additional

Published
2023
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22. Catch the Cath or Not? A Hamletic Dilemma after 10 Years

Author

Natale, Francesco, primary, Raucci, Giuseppe, additional, Molinari, Riccardo, additional, Alfieri, Roberta, additional, D’Arienzo, Diego, additional, Pezzullo, Enrica, additional, Loffredo, Francesco S, additional, Golino, Paolo, additional, and Cimmino, Giovanni, additional

Published
2023
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28. A pitfall in the echographic diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm: when para-aortic lymph nodes are the trick.

Author

Natale, Francesco, Molinari, Riccardo, Covino, Simona, Alfieri, Roberta, Limatola, Mirella, De Luca, Lorenzo, Pezzullo, Enrica, Izzo, Andrea, and Cimmino, Giovanni

Subjects
ABDOMINAL aortic aneurysms, LYMPH nodes, AORTIC rupture
Abstract

The abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially fatal asymptomatic disease. It progresses silently with clinical complications that, when they occur, constitute a very serious event, frequently resulting in the patient's exitus. As a result, early detection and treatment are critical because the right therapeutic strategy can halt the disease's natural progression. AAA is frequently discovered as an incidental finding during an abdominal ultrasound or a plain X-ray of the abdomen, which is required for other pathologies. The primary diagnostic tool for AAA identification is abdominal B-mode ultrasound. It is cheap, widely available, non-invasive, and has high diagnostic sensitivity. However, this diagnostic tool may fail in rare cases due to misleading anatomical findings. We present an unusual flaw in the echographic AAA evaluation that should be considered during the diagnostic work-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Vitamin D Inhibits IL-6 Pro-Atherothrombotic Effects in Human Endothelial Cells: A Potential Mechanism for Protection against COVID-19 Infection?

Author

Cimmino, Giovanni, primary, Conte, Stefano, additional, Morello, Mariarosaria, additional, Pellegrino, Grazia, additional, Marra, Laura, additional, Morello, Andrea, additional, Nicoletti, Giuseppe, additional, De Rosa, Gennaro, additional, Golino, Paolo, additional, and Cirillo, Plinio, additional

Published
2022
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40. The cardiac paradox of losing weight: a case of gastro-cardiac syndrome.

Author

Natale, Francesco, Molinari, Riccardo, Covino, Simona, Alfieri, Roberta, and Cimmino, Giovanni

Subjects
SYNDROMES, PARADOX, SYNCOPE, CARDIAC pacemakers, PHYSICIANS
Abstract

Thanks to an unusual reversible cause of reflex syncope, a young physician avoided pacemaker implantation. We present the treatment of a bizarre case of gastro-cardiac syndrome, an oftenoverlooked clinical entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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44. Cardiovascular Comorbidities and Pharmacological Treatments of COVID-19 Patients Not Requiring Hospitalization

Author

Russo, Vincenzo, primary, Piccinocchi, Gaetano, additional, Mandaliti, Vincenzo, additional, Annunziata, Saverio, additional, Cimmino, Giovanni, additional, Attena, Emilio, additional, Moio, Nicola, additional, Di Micco, Pierpaolo, additional, Severino, Sergio, additional, Trotta, Roberta, additional, and Del Guercio, Michele, additional

Published
2020
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45. The Pharmacological Approach to Oncologic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Author

Radmilovic, Juri, primary, Di Vilio, Alessandro, additional, D’Andrea, Antonello, additional, Pastore, Fabio, additional, Forni, Alberto, additional, Desiderio, Alfonso, additional, Ragni, Massimo, additional, Quaranta, Gaetano, additional, Cimmino, Giovanni, additional, Russo, Vincenzo, additional, Scherillo, Marino, additional, and Golino, Paolo, additional

Published
2020
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49. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins induce tissue factor expression in T-lymphocytes via activation of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1

Author

Cimmino, Giovanni, primary, Cirillo, Plinio, primary, Conte, Stefano, primary, Pellegrino, Grazia, primary, Barra, Giusi, primary, Maresca, Lucio, primary, Morello, Andrea, primary, Calì, Gaetano, primary, Loffredo, Francesco, primary, De Palma, Raffaele, primary, Arena, Giulia, primary, Sawamura, Tatsuya, primary, Ambrosio, Giuseppe, primary, and Golino, Paolo, primary

Published
2019
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