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A study conducted at the University of Cincinnati focused on the impact of the ApoER2 R952Q variant in macrophages on hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in mice. The research found that this mutation exacerbated diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and accelerated atherosclerosis in mice by impeding plasma triglyceride-rich lipoprotein clearance. The study concluded that the mutation in macrophages promotes the production of soluble LRP1 in a p38 MAPK-dependent manner, leading to increased hypercholesterolemia and accelerated atherosclerosis. The findings were published in Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have reported new data on rhabdoid tumors of the kidney and soft tissues from two studies, National Wilms Tumor Study-5 and Children's Oncology Group Study Aren0321. The studies evaluated different treatment regimens for patients with rhabdoid tumors, showing improved event-free survival and overall survival in patients on the more intensive treatment regimen. Despite these improvements, outcomes for patients with rhabdoid tumors remain unsatisfactory, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Cincinnati focused on the management of Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) through Shared Decision Making (SDM) between patients and physicians. The study involved ten HAE treating physicians and 50 patients, who used SDM to select the best prophylactic therapies for HAE. Results showed high levels of agreement between patients and physicians on the effectiveness of SDM in choosing treatment options. The research concluded that SDM is being effectively implemented by physicians to determine optimal management strategies for patients with HAE. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) examined the impact of sewage sources on the risk of Norovirus contamination in recreational waters. The research found that different types of sewage discharge events can affect the concentrations of Norovirus and fecal indicators like HF183 in water samples. By analyzing these concentrations, the study developed risk-based thresholds for recreational water quality management, allowing for the rapid application of safety measures in response to sewage releases. This peer-reviewed research provides valuable insights into managing the health risks associated with sewage contamination in water bodies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital focused on the uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines among adolescent survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The research found that 55.5% of eligible patients received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine after HSCT, with 68.2% of those who initiated vaccination completing two or more doses. The study highlighted the suboptimal rate of HPV vaccine uptake in HSCT survivorship and emphasized the importance of improving vaccination rates to prevent secondary malignancies in this high-risk population. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Cincinnati Children's Hospital explores the diverse roles of neutrophils in hematology, highlighting their importance in innate immunity and potential pathogenic functions. Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in the blood, play a crucial role in antibacterial defense but can also contribute to tissue repair and inflammation. The research emphasizes the need to understand neutrophil plasticity and different cell states to unravel their complex roles in homeostasis and disease. This peer-reviewed study provides valuable insights into the protective and pathogenic functions of neutrophils, shedding light on their involvement in various health conditions. [Extracted from the article]

Recent research from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on Fragile X Syndrome, a genetic condition. The study aimed to establish meaningful change thresholds for caregiver-rated assessments in individuals with Fragile X Syndrome. By analyzing data from clinical trials of arbaclofen, researchers determined thresholds for specific outcome measures, such as irritability and anxiety. This work may inform future study criteria and aid in interpreting treatment outcomes for individuals with Fragile X Syndrome. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati conducted a study on the impact of the Annals of Surgical Oncology (ASO) Social Media Committee in promoting surgical science online. The study found that after the committee was formed, there was a significant increase in the number of article downloads per publication. Positive correlations were also noted between article downloads and social media engagement metrics such as likes, retweets, and quote tweets. The research suggests that organized efforts to promote surgical science can improve article exposure, and future initiatives should consider expanding promotion to international and multi-lingual platforms. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Cincinnati focused on the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with recurrent grade II/III meningiomas. The research highlighted that these inhibitors show promise as a potential therapy for these types of tumors, particularly for those with mismatch repair deficiency or high tumor mutational burden. The study emphasized the need for further investigations with prospective patient enrollments and standardized assessment of radiographic response to advance the understanding of this treatment approach. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center highlights the role of hypertension in the progression of pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD). The research emphasizes that hypertension is common in children with CKD, with varying prevalence based on the stage and cause of the disease. Aggressive treatment of high blood pressure is recommended to delay CKD progression in children, according to the study. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati conducted a study to explore the relationship between executive function skills and language development in deaf/hard of hearing children using Technology-Assisted Language Intervention (TALI). The study found that children who received traditional treatment showed significant improvements in language skills associated with higher executive function skills, while those who received TALI did not show the same associations. The research suggests that TALI may provide language learning support for DHH children with executive function difficulties, and further investigation is needed to understand the direct relationship between executive function measurements and language outcomes in TALI recipients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center discusses the adverse reproductive outcomes in women due to exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The study highlights the link between PAH exposure and conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and premature ovarian failure (POF), as well as reproductive hormone imbalances. The research emphasizes the need for further studies to understand the mechanisms by which PAHs impact women's reproductive health and suggests targeting modifiable sources of exposure, such as tobacco smoke, in future policies and interventions. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center conducted a study using time-driven activity-based costing to analyze the provider cost of rapid MRI for appendicitis compared to other MRI examinations. The study found that the cost of providing a rapid appendicitis MRI examination is significantly less than other MRI examinations commonly used for appendicitis. The research suggests the need for mechanisms to appropriately bill rapid MRI examinations with limited sequences to improve cost efficiency for patients and enable wider use in the pediatric population. The study was published in the Journal of the American College of Radiology and can be accessed online. [Extracted from the article]

The University of Cincinnati researchers have focused on eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs), which involve abnormal accumulation of eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to conditions like eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and gastritis. These disorders present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing, with a skewed immune response believed to be a significant factor. Diagnosis of EoE requires endoscopy with biopsy, and a new scoring system called the EoE histologic scoring index (HSS) has been developed to consider additional inflammatory findings in esophageal tissue. This research has been published in Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati conducted a study on the impact of smoking history on outcomes after endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma. The study included 398 adult patients categorized as never, former, or active smokers, with pack-years of smoking history collected. The findings indicated that smoking history was associated with negative outcomes, particularly the need for return to the operating room for repairs related to cerebrospinal fluid leaks. The research highlighted the potential dose-dependent effect of smoking on healing and emphasized the significance of intraoperative CSF leaks in predicting negative outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by investigators from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on the baseline characteristics of Ghanaian children and adults enrolled in a clinical trial of hydroxyurea for HbSC disease. The trial, known as PIVOT, aims to assess the safety and potential benefits of hydroxyurea on clinical and laboratory outcomes in individuals with HbSC disease aged 5-50 years in Ghana. The study found that participants had significant morbidity, including previous hospitalizations, vaso-occlusive events, and malaria, with various clinical and laboratory assessments conducted throughout the trial. The research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the potential use of hydroxyurea in treating HbSC disease in Sub-Saharan Africa. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have found a link between autism and sexual victimization among college students. The study, based on data from the American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment III, revealed that autistic college students are more vulnerable to experiencing nonconsensual sexual contact and sexual harassment. The research suggests that providing holistic support to autistic students may help prevent sexual victimization and alleviate its negative effects. This study has been peer-reviewed and published in Psychology of Violence. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on gonadal function in pediatric Fanconi anemia patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The research found that gonadal dysfunction and reduced fertility are common in these patients, with a high incidence of premature ovarian insufficiency in females and testicular failure in males. The study highlights the importance of managing expectations about gonadal failure and infertility in all Fanconi anemia patients, regardless of their transplant status. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Cincinnati explores retinal gliovascular proliferation (RGVP) as a benign lesion of the retina that can develop secondary to treated and regressed retinoblastoma. The research, based on a retrospective review of clinical records, describes the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of six patients with secondary RGVP. The findings suggest that secondary RGVP must be distinguished from late local relapse of active retinoblastoma, and treatment options include laser photocoagulation and intravitreal anti-VEGF injection. This peer-reviewed research provides valuable insights into a rare ocular condition associated with retinoblastoma. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Cincinnati analyzed the locoregional management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in males from 2006 to 2017. The research found that most males with DCIS received mastectomy alone, with limited changes in management approach over the years. Factors such as hormone status and race influenced the treatments received, but overall survival did not significantly differ between treatment methods. Further studies are needed to understand the impact of demographic and clinicopathologic features on the management of male DCIS. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Cincinnati focused on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with pelvic and acetabular fractures despite thromboprophylaxis. The research found that patients with more than one marker of heritable thrombophilia or specific r-TEG values postoperatively had an increased risk of VTE. This study, supported by the Foundation for Orthopaedic Trauma, involved 133 adult patients and concluded that these factors were associated with a higher likelihood of VTE in this patient population. [Extracted from the article]

A randomized clinical trial conducted by researchers at the University of Cincinnati aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of out-of-hospital administration of fentanyl and intranasal ketamine for acute traumatic pain control. The study found that adding 50 mg intranasal ketamine to fentanyl did not provide significant analgesic benefits for out-of-hospital trauma patients. The research, supported by the United States Department of Defense, involved 192 participants and concluded that there was no difference in pain reduction between the group receiving ketamine and the group receiving a placebo. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center in Ohio examined the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFI) in pediatric and young adult patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (auto-HSCT). The study found that the risk of IFI in this patient population is rare, with no cases of IFI from yeast and mold species observed. The researchers recommend further research to refine prophylaxis guidelines and emphasize the importance of individualized risk assessment for optimal post-transplant care. This study provides valuable insights into the risk of IFI in pediatric and young adult auto-HSCT patients. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the University of Cincinnati discusses the research findings on eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus. EoE is characterized by eosinophil accumulation and has a growing global prevalence, significantly impacting quality of life and healthcare resources. The study highlights the need for broader research into the management and prevention of EoE. Recent advancements in omics technologies, such as genomics, epigenetics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, offer new insights into the genetic and immunologic mechanisms underlying EoE. Integrating diverse omics data through advanced computational methods, including machine learning, promises significant advancements in understanding EoE and improving diagnostics and treatment effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital discusses the findings of a study on Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS), a rare genetic disorder characterized by chronic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, cytopenias, and increased risk of lymphoma. The study evaluated the diagnostic yield of a 15-gene NGS panel for ALPS and found that 7.7% of the 802 patients studied had a definite diagnosis of ALPS. The diagnostic yield increased to 30% in patients who also had abnormal ALPS immunology findings. The study highlights the effectiveness of the ALPS NGS panel in distinguishing ALPS from other immunodeficiencies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital has provided new insights into Crohn's Disease. The researchers used a human intestinal organoid (HIO) model system containing macrophages to test a lead candidate, eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), which was previously identified as a potential treatment for Crohn's Disease strictures. The study found that ETYA inhibited the profibrotic effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed macrophages on cocultured HIOs. This model may be used in future untargeted screens for small molecules to treat refractory Crohn's Disease. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center discusses the impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on clinical outcomes in neonates undergoing the Norwood procedure. The study found that persistent CS-AKI, defined by modified neonatal Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria, combined with a peak cumulative fluid balance (CFB) greater than 10%, was associated with increased mortality and decreased respiratory support-free and hospital-free days. The researchers suggest that prospective studies targeting risk factors for CS-AKI and reducing CFB could potentially improve outcomes. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in Pediatric Nephrology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Cincinnati highlights the connection between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and stuttering priapism in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Stuttering priapism is a condition characterized by recurrent, prolonged penile erections, and it is common in individuals with SCD. The study found that treating OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) resulted in immediate relief from symptoms and a three-month period without any episodes of priapism. The researchers concluded that managing OSA can significantly reduce the occurrence of stuttering priapism in SCD patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Cincinnati explored the long-term safety and tolerability of vortioxetine, an antidepressant, in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). The study found that vortioxetine was well-tolerated by pediatric patients, with no observed increased risk in suicidal ideation. Participants in the study showed improvement in depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and overall functioning, with over 50% of patients achieving remission at the end of each study. These findings suggest that vortioxetine may be a viable long-term treatment option for children and adolescents with MDD. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from the University of Cincinnati examined the relationship between fear of movement (FOM) and various symptoms in adolescents with juvenile fibromyalgia (JFM). The study found that individuals with high FOM reported greater fatigue, pain interference, and catastrophizing, as well as reduced knee strength. Additionally, those with high FOM exhibited altered lower-extremity movement patterns. The findings suggest the importance of combining self-reported measures of symptoms with physical assessments to better understand the impact of FOM in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The study may inform the development of interventions to reduce FOM using a combination of behavioral and exercise-based approaches. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have developed a new technique called multi-inversion spin and gradient echo (MI-SAGE) for noninvasive assessment of chronic liver disease. The technique allows for simultaneous estimation of T-1, T-2, and T-2 of the liver, providing comprehensive information about the liver's condition. The study found that the MI-SAGE technique produced comparable results to conventional methods and demonstrated strong repeatability and reproducibility. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in the Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center explored the use of testicular tissue cryopreservation (TTC) as a method of preserving fertility in children undergoing gonadotoxic treatment or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The study found that TTC can be performed safely and efficiently, without causing delays in definitive treatment. The research concluded that TTC provides an opportunity for fertility preservation in children who have no other options. This study adds to the existing body of knowledge on stem cell research and its applications in pediatric medicine. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Cincinnati examined pregnancies in women with kidney failure who were receiving home dialysis in the United States. The study found that women on home hemodialysis had a higher likelihood of pregnancy compared to those on peritoneal dialysis. Younger age and being Black were also associated with a higher likelihood of pregnancy among women receiving home dialysis. This information can help guide clinicians in providing preconception counseling and making treatment decisions for pregnant women on home dialysis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Cincinnati discusses the development of a microphysiological system (MPS) that mimics the heterogeneity and drug resistance seen in glioblastoma, a type of brain tumor. The researchers used a novel microfluidic platform called GlioFlow3D, which combines 3D bioprinting and stereolithography (SLA) to create a vascularized 3D gel model of glioblastoma. The platform demonstrated lower absorption of small molecules compared to traditional materials, allowing for more accurate drug testing. The researchers also observed enhanced drug resistance mechanisms near vascular interfaces, highlighting the potential of this platform for personalized therapy and improving preclinical research. [Extracted from the article]

The article from the University of Cincinnati details new findings on pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and inflammation in cystic fibrosis. Topics include the role of mucoid versus nonmucoid P. aeruginosa variants in lung inflammation, the development and application of a novel histopathology scoring system for CF lung biopsies, and the association between mucoid variants and increased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines.

The article from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center details findings in biliary atresia. Topics include the presence of portal vein hypoplasia in patients with biliary atresia at diagnosis, the comparison of portal vein and hepatic artery diameters between patients with biliary atresia and other forms of cholestasis, and the association of portal vein hypoplasia with clinical outcomes such as jaundice clearance and liver survival.

A report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center discusses the findings of a study on biliary atresia, a leading cause of pediatric liver transplantation. The study focused on the role of the Rhesus rotavirus (RRV) in inducing a murine model of biliary atresia. The researchers found that the RRV's VP4 protein binds to heat shock cognate 70 protein (Hsc70), facilitating entry into cholangiocytes. This binding alters the method of endocytosis and intracellular trafficking, leading to an inflammatory pathway that causes biliary damage and obstruction. The study suggests a possible pathway for biliary obstruction in human patients with biliary atresia. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has examined factors that predict direct breastfeeding (DBF) in preterm infants. The study found that sociodemographic, NICU, and lactation support factors were associated with both DBF initiation and DBF at discharge. The researchers concluded that interventions to optimize lactation support and address bias could improve DBF rates. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in Breastfeeding Medicine. [Extracted from the article]

The article highlights a new research from Jagiellonian University Medical College, focusing on lupus nephritis by comparing clinical and laboratory features of lupus nephritis patients with non-lupus nephritis patients. Topics include differences in disease onset age, treatment approaches, and autoantibody profiles between the two groups.

The article presents new findings from the University of Cincinnati on the effectiveness of a 12-week self-guided, smartphone-delivered digital Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for managing fibromyalgia. Topics discussed include the comparison between digital ACT and active control in a randomized trial, the significant improvement in patient global impression of change with ACT, and the overall safety and efficacy of the digital ACT approach.

The article offers information on the development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for sublingual buprenorphine at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center in Cincinnati, Ohio. Topics discussed include the model's prediction of buprenorphine bioavailability; the verification process using clinical trial data; and the model's application to different doses and formulations of the drug.

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center in Ohio evaluated the safety of a modified gamma-globin lentiviral vector-mediated autologous hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy for hemoglobinopathies, specifically sickle cell anemia. The study found that the administration of the modified gene therapy did not result in significant differences in body weight, clinical signs, immunophenotype, or histopathology in mice compared to controls. Additionally, none of the mice treated with the gene therapy developed vector-positive lymphomas, highlighting its safety. These findings support the initiation of a phase 1/2 clinical trial for sickle cell anemia in the United States. [Extracted from the article]