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1. Training During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices of 12,526 Athletes from 142 Countries and Six Continents (vol 52, pg 933, 2021)

Author

Washif, JA, Farooq, A, Krug, I, Pyne, DB, Verhagen, E, Taylor, L, Wong, DP, Mujika, I, Cortis, C, Haddad, M, Ahmadian, O, Al Jufaili, M, Al-Horani, RA, Al-Mohannadi, AS, Aloui, A, Ammar, A, Arifi, F, Aziz, AR, Batuev, M, Beaven, CM, Beneke, R, Bici, A, Bishnoi, P, Bogwasi, L, Bok, D, Boukhris, O, Boullosa, D, Bragazzi, N, Brito, J, Cartagena, RPP, Chaouachi, A, Cheung, SS, Chtourou, H, Cosma, G, Debevec, T, DeLang, MD, Dellal, A, Donmez, G, Driss, T, Pena Duque, JD, Eirale, C, Elloumi, M, Foster, C, Franchini, E, Fusco, A, Galy, O, Gastin, PB, Gill, N, Girard, O, Gregov, C, Halson, S, Hammouda, O, Hanzlikova, I, Hassanmirzaei, B, Haugen, T, Hebert-Losier, K, Munoz Helu, H, Herrera-Valenzuela, T, Hettinga, FJ, Holtzhausen, L, Hue, O, Dello Iacono, A, Ihalainen, JK, James, C, Janse van Rensburg, DC, Joseph, S, Kamoun, K, Khaled, M, Khalladi, K, Kim, KJ, Kok, L-Y, MacMillan, L, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, LJ, Matsunaga, R, Memishi, S, Millet, GP, Moussa-Chamari, I, Musa, DI, Nguyen, HMT, Nikolaidis, PT, Owen, A, Padulo, J, Pagaduan, JC, Perera, NP, Perez-Gomez, J, Pillay, L, Popa, A, Pudasaini, A, Rabbani, A, Rahayu, T, Romdhani, M, Salamh, P, Sarkar, A-S, Schillinger, A, Seiler, S, Setyawati, H, Shrestha, N, Suraya, F, Tabben, M, Trabelsi, K, Urhausen, A, Valtonen, M, Weber, J, Whiteley, R, Zrane, A, Zerguini, Y, Zmijewski, P, Sandbakk, O, Ben Saad, H, Chamari, K, Washif, JA, Farooq, A, Krug, I, Pyne, DB, Verhagen, E, Taylor, L, Wong, DP, Mujika, I, Cortis, C, Haddad, M, Ahmadian, O, Al Jufaili, M, Al-Horani, RA, Al-Mohannadi, AS, Aloui, A, Ammar, A, Arifi, F, Aziz, AR, Batuev, M, Beaven, CM, Beneke, R, Bici, A, Bishnoi, P, Bogwasi, L, Bok, D, Boukhris, O, Boullosa, D, Bragazzi, N, Brito, J, Cartagena, RPP, Chaouachi, A, Cheung, SS, Chtourou, H, Cosma, G, Debevec, T, DeLang, MD, Dellal, A, Donmez, G, Driss, T, Pena Duque, JD, Eirale, C, Elloumi, M, Foster, C, Franchini, E, Fusco, A, Galy, O, Gastin, PB, Gill, N, Girard, O, Gregov, C, Halson, S, Hammouda, O, Hanzlikova, I, Hassanmirzaei, B, Haugen, T, Hebert-Losier, K, Munoz Helu, H, Herrera-Valenzuela, T, Hettinga, FJ, Holtzhausen, L, Hue, O, Dello Iacono, A, Ihalainen, JK, James, C, Janse van Rensburg, DC, Joseph, S, Kamoun, K, Khaled, M, Khalladi, K, Kim, KJ, Kok, L-Y, MacMillan, L, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, LJ, Matsunaga, R, Memishi, S, Millet, GP, Moussa-Chamari, I, Musa, DI, Nguyen, HMT, Nikolaidis, PT, Owen, A, Padulo, J, Pagaduan, JC, Perera, NP, Perez-Gomez, J, Pillay, L, Popa, A, Pudasaini, A, Rabbani, A, Rahayu, T, Romdhani, M, Salamh, P, Sarkar, A-S, Schillinger, A, Seiler, S, Setyawati, H, Shrestha, N, Suraya, F, Tabben, M, Trabelsi, K, Urhausen, A, Valtonen, M, Weber, J, Whiteley, R, Zrane, A, Zerguini, Y, Zmijewski, P, Sandbakk, O, Ben Saad, H, and Chamari, K

Published
2022

2. COVID-19 Lockdown: A Global Study Investigating the Effect of Athletes' Sport Classification and Sex on Training Practices.

Author

Washif, JA, Sandbakk, Ø, Seiler, S, Haugen, T, Farooq, A, Quarrie, K, Janse van Rensburg, DC, Krug, I, Verhagen, E, Wong, DP, Mujika, I, Musa, DI, Nguyen, HMT, Nikolaidis, PT, Owen, A, Padulo, J, Pagaduan, JC, Perera, NP, Pérez-Gómez, J, Pillay, L, Popa, A, Rabbani, A, Pudasaini, A, Rahayu, T, Romdhani, M, Salamh, P, Sarkar, A-S, Schillinger, A, Setyawati, H, Shrestha, N, Suraya, F, Tabben, M, Urhausen, A, Trabelsi, K, Valtonen, M, Weber, J, Whiteley, R, Zrane, A, Zerguini, Y, Zmijewski, P, Ben Saad, H, Pyne, DB, Taylor, L, Cortis, C, Chamari, K, Haddad, M, Ahmadian, O, Al Jufaili, M, Al-Horani, RA, Al-Mohannadi, AS, Aloui, A, Ammar, A, Arifi, F, Aziz, AR, Batuev, M, Beaven, CM, Beneke, R, Bici, A, Bishnoi, P, Bogwasi, L, Bok, D, Boukhris, O, Boullosa, D, Bragazzi, N, Brito, J, Palacios Cartagena, RP, Chaouachi, A, Cheung, SS, Chtourou, H, Cosma, G, Debevec, T, DeLang, MD, Dellal, A, Dönmez, G, Driss, T, Peña Duque, JD, Eirale, C, Elloumi, M, Foster, C, Franchini, E, Fusco, A, Galy, O, Gastin, PB, Gill, N, Girard, O, Gregov, C, Halson, S, Hammouda, O, Hanzlíková, I, Hassanmirzaei, B, Hébert-Losier, K, Muñoz Helú, H, Herrera-Valenzuela, T, Hettinga, FJ, Holtzhausen, L, Hue, O, Dello Iacono, A, Ihalainen, JK, James, C, Joseph, S, Kamoun, K, Khaled, M, Khalladi, K, Kim, KJ, Kok, L-Y, MacMillan, L, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, LJ, Matsunaga, R, Memishi, S, Millet, GP, Moussa-Chamari, I, Washif, JA, Sandbakk, Ø, Seiler, S, Haugen, T, Farooq, A, Quarrie, K, Janse van Rensburg, DC, Krug, I, Verhagen, E, Wong, DP, Mujika, I, Musa, DI, Nguyen, HMT, Nikolaidis, PT, Owen, A, Padulo, J, Pagaduan, JC, Perera, NP, Pérez-Gómez, J, Pillay, L, Popa, A, Rabbani, A, Pudasaini, A, Rahayu, T, Romdhani, M, Salamh, P, Sarkar, A-S, Schillinger, A, Setyawati, H, Shrestha, N, Suraya, F, Tabben, M, Urhausen, A, Trabelsi, K, Valtonen, M, Weber, J, Whiteley, R, Zrane, A, Zerguini, Y, Zmijewski, P, Ben Saad, H, Pyne, DB, Taylor, L, Cortis, C, Chamari, K, Haddad, M, Ahmadian, O, Al Jufaili, M, Al-Horani, RA, Al-Mohannadi, AS, Aloui, A, Ammar, A, Arifi, F, Aziz, AR, Batuev, M, Beaven, CM, Beneke, R, Bici, A, Bishnoi, P, Bogwasi, L, Bok, D, Boukhris, O, Boullosa, D, Bragazzi, N, Brito, J, Palacios Cartagena, RP, Chaouachi, A, Cheung, SS, Chtourou, H, Cosma, G, Debevec, T, DeLang, MD, Dellal, A, Dönmez, G, Driss, T, Peña Duque, JD, Eirale, C, Elloumi, M, Foster, C, Franchini, E, Fusco, A, Galy, O, Gastin, PB, Gill, N, Girard, O, Gregov, C, Halson, S, Hammouda, O, Hanzlíková, I, Hassanmirzaei, B, Hébert-Losier, K, Muñoz Helú, H, Herrera-Valenzuela, T, Hettinga, FJ, Holtzhausen, L, Hue, O, Dello Iacono, A, Ihalainen, JK, James, C, Joseph, S, Kamoun, K, Khaled, M, Khalladi, K, Kim, KJ, Kok, L-Y, MacMillan, L, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, LJ, Matsunaga, R, Memishi, S, Millet, GP, and Moussa-Chamari, I

Abstract

PURPOSE: To investigate differences in athletes' knowledge, beliefs, and training practices during COVID-19 lockdowns with reference to sport classification and sex. This work extends an initial descriptive evaluation focusing on athlete classification. METHODS: Athletes (12,526; 66% male; 142 countries) completed an online survey (May-July 2020) assessing knowledge, beliefs, and practices toward training. Sports were classified as team sports (45%), endurance (20%), power/technical (10%), combat (9%), aquatic (6%), recreational (4%), racquet (3%), precision (2%), parasports (1%), and others (1%). Further analysis by sex was performed. RESULTS: During lockdown, athletes practiced body-weight-based exercises routinely (67% females and 64% males), ranging from 50% (precision) to 78% (parasports). More sport-specific technical skills were performed in combat, parasports, and precision (∼50%) than other sports (∼35%). Most athletes (range: 50% [parasports] to 75% [endurance]) performed cardiorespiratory training (trivial sex differences). Compared to prelockdown, perceived training intensity was reduced by 29% to 41%, depending on sport (largest decline: ∼38% in team sports, unaffected by sex). Some athletes (range: 7%-49%) maintained their training intensity for strength, endurance, speed, plyometric, change-of-direction, and technical training. Athletes who previously trained ≥5 sessions per week reduced their volume (range: 18%-28%) during lockdown. The proportion of athletes (81%) training ≥60 min/session reduced by 31% to 43% during lockdown. Males and females had comparable moderate levels of training knowledge (56% vs 58%) and beliefs/attitudes (54% vs 56%). CONCLUSIONS: Changes in athletes' training practices were sport-specific, with few or no sex differences. Team-based sports were generally more susceptible to changes than individual sports. Policy makers should provide athletes with specific training arrangements and educational resources to facilitate remot

Published
2022

3. Training During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices of 12,526 Athletes from 142 Countries and Six Continents

Author

Washif, JA, Farooq, A, Krug, I, Pyne, DB, Verhagen, E, Taylor, L, Wong, DP, Mujika, I, Cortis, C, Haddad, M, Ahmadian, O, Al Jufaili, M, Al-Horani, RA, Al-Mohannadi, AS, Aloui, A, Ammar, A, Arifi, F, Aziz, AR, Batuev, M, Beaven, CM, Beneke, R, Bici, A, Bishnoi, P, Bogwasi, L, Bok, D, Boukhris, O, Boullosa, D, Bragazzi, N, Brito, J, Palacios Cartagena, RP, Chaouachi, A, Cheung, SS, Chtourou, H, Cosma, G, Debevec, T, DeLang, MD, Dellal, A, Donmez, G, Driss, T, Duque, JDP, Eirale, C, Elloumi, M, Foster, C, Franchini, E, Fusco, A, Galy, O, Gastin, PB, Gill, N, Girard, O, Gregov, C, Halson, S, Hammouda, O, Hanzlikova, I, Hassanmirzaei, B, Haugen, T, Hebert-Losier, K, Munoz Helu, H, Herrera-Valenzuela, T, Hettinga, FJ, Holtzhausen, L, Hue, O, Dello Iacono, A, Ihalainen, JK, James, C, van Rensburg, DCJ, Joseph, S, Kamoun, K, Khaled, M, Khalladi, K, Kim, KJ, Kok, L-Y, MacMillan, L, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, LJ, Matsunaga, R, Memishi, S, Millet, GP, Moussa-Chamari, I, Musa, DI, Hoang, MTN, Nikolaidis, PT, Owen, A, Padulo, J, Pagaduan, JC, Perera, NP, Perez-Gomez, J, Pillay, L, Popa, A, Pudasaini, A, Rabbani, A, Rahayu, T, Romdhani, M, Salamh, P, Sarkar, A-S, Schillinger, A, Seiler, S, Setyawati, H, Shrestha, N, Suraya, F, Tabben, M, Trabelsi, K, Urhausen, A, Valtonen, M, Weber, J, Whiteley, R, Zrane, A, Zerguini, Y, Zmijewski, P, Sandbakk, O, Ben Saad, H, Chamari, K, Washif, JA, Farooq, A, Krug, I, Pyne, DB, Verhagen, E, Taylor, L, Wong, DP, Mujika, I, Cortis, C, Haddad, M, Ahmadian, O, Al Jufaili, M, Al-Horani, RA, Al-Mohannadi, AS, Aloui, A, Ammar, A, Arifi, F, Aziz, AR, Batuev, M, Beaven, CM, Beneke, R, Bici, A, Bishnoi, P, Bogwasi, L, Bok, D, Boukhris, O, Boullosa, D, Bragazzi, N, Brito, J, Palacios Cartagena, RP, Chaouachi, A, Cheung, SS, Chtourou, H, Cosma, G, Debevec, T, DeLang, MD, Dellal, A, Donmez, G, Driss, T, Duque, JDP, Eirale, C, Elloumi, M, Foster, C, Franchini, E, Fusco, A, Galy, O, Gastin, PB, Gill, N, Girard, O, Gregov, C, Halson, S, Hammouda, O, Hanzlikova, I, Hassanmirzaei, B, Haugen, T, Hebert-Losier, K, Munoz Helu, H, Herrera-Valenzuela, T, Hettinga, FJ, Holtzhausen, L, Hue, O, Dello Iacono, A, Ihalainen, JK, James, C, van Rensburg, DCJ, Joseph, S, Kamoun, K, Khaled, M, Khalladi, K, Kim, KJ, Kok, L-Y, MacMillan, L, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, LJ, Matsunaga, R, Memishi, S, Millet, GP, Moussa-Chamari, I, Musa, DI, Hoang, MTN, Nikolaidis, PT, Owen, A, Padulo, J, Pagaduan, JC, Perera, NP, Perez-Gomez, J, Pillay, L, Popa, A, Pudasaini, A, Rabbani, A, Rahayu, T, Romdhani, M, Salamh, P, Sarkar, A-S, Schillinger, A, Seiler, S, Setyawati, H, Shrestha, N, Suraya, F, Tabben, M, Trabelsi, K, Urhausen, A, Valtonen, M, Weber, J, Whiteley, R, Zrane, A, Zerguini, Y, Zmijewski, P, Sandbakk, O, Ben Saad, H, and Chamari, K

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to explore the training-related knowledge, beliefs, and practices of athletes and the influence of lockdowns in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). METHODS: Athletes (n = 12,526, comprising 13% world class, 21% international, 36% national, 24% state, and 6% recreational) completed an online survey that was available from 17 May to 5 July 2020 and explored their training behaviors (training knowledge, beliefs/attitudes, and practices), including specific questions on their training intensity, frequency, and session duration before and during lockdown (March-June 2020). RESULTS: Overall, 85% of athletes wanted to "maintain training," and 79% disagreed with the statement that it is "okay to not train during lockdown," with a greater prevalence for both in higher-level athletes. In total, 60% of athletes considered "coaching by correspondence (remote coaching)" to be sufficient (highest amongst world-class athletes). During lockdown, < 40% were able to maintain sport-specific training (e.g., long endurance [39%], interval training [35%], weightlifting [33%], plyometric exercise [30%]) at pre-lockdown levels (higher among world-class, international, and national athletes), with most (83%) training for "general fitness and health maintenance" during lockdown. Athletes trained alone (80%) and focused on bodyweight (65%) and cardiovascular (59%) exercise/training during lockdown. Compared with before lockdown, most athletes reported reduced training frequency (from between five and seven sessions per week to four or fewer), shorter training sessions (from ≥ 60 to < 60 min), and lower sport-specific intensity (~ 38% reduction), irrespective of athlete classification. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19-related lockdowns saw marked reductions in athletic training specificity, intensity, frequency, and duration, with notable within-sample differences (by athlete clas

Published
2021

5. Power training in young athletes: Is it all in the genes?

Author

Amato A, Cortis C, Culcasi A, Anello G, Proia P, and Amato A, Cortis C, Culcasi A, Anello G, Proia P

Subjects
Volleyball, PEPs, basketball, volleyball, isometric, plyometric, power skills, PEP, Power skill, Basketball, Isometric, Plyometric
Abstract

Introduction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of plyometric and isometric training protocol on power in 46 team sports (basketball: n = 23; volleyball: n = 23) players, also in relation to genetic background (i.e., ACE and PPARA genes polymorphisms). Methods. The following tests were administered: squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), drop jump (dJ), sprint, handgrip, and agility test. Genetic analysis was based on saliva samples. Results. The training protocol proved to be effective in improving jump performance in basketball players and volleyball players, respectively: 25-meter sprint test (p = 0.006; p = 0.008); agility test (p = 0.000; p = 0.000); SJ test (p = 0.001; p = 0.000); CMJ test (p = 0.005; p = 0.000); and dJ test (p = 0.03 only for basketball players; dJ test improvement in volleyball players was not significant), regardless of sports practice. Furthermore, data confirm that the 'd' allele of ACE and the 'C' allele of PPARA are positive alleles associated to power and strength performances. Conclusions. The importance to train strength skills should be emphasized, above all through isometric and plyometric exercises, not neglecting the key role played by the genetic background.

Published
2018

6. Biological determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'Determinants of Diet and Physical Activity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Aleksovska, K., Puggina, A., Giraldi, L., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Colotto, M., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Ling, F., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J.A., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Subjects
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite the large number of studies and reviews available, the evidence regarding the biological determinants of physical activity (PA) is inconclusive. In this umbrella review, we summarized the current evidence on the biological determinants of PA across the life course, by pooling the results of the available systematic literature reviews (SLRs) and meta-analyses (MAs). METHODS: We conducted an online search on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases up to January 2018. SLRs and MAs of observational studies that investigated the association between biological determinants of PA and having PA as outcome were considered eligible. The extracted data were assessed based on the importance of the determinants, the strength of evidence, and the methodological quality. RESULTS: We identified 19 reviews of which most were of moderate methodological quality. Determinants that were studied most frequently among all ages and demonstrated evidence suggesting a positive association to PA were younger age, being male, higher health status, and higher physical fitness levels. Among adults, normal birth weight was found to be positively associated to PA with convincing strength of evidence, while findings among adolescents were inconsistent and with limited strength of evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Different social or behavioral factors may contribute to the decrease of PA with age and among females versus males, and creating programmes targeted at diverse ages, female population, and adults with abnormal birth weight is recommended. Future studies should use prospective study designs, standardized definitions of PA, and objective measurement methods of PA assessment.

Published
2019

9. Policy determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'DEDIPAC' umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Chun Man Ling, F., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J.A., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Subjects
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite the large number of studies and reviews available, the evidence regarding the policy determinants of physical activity (PA) is inconclusive. This umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) summarizes the current evidence on the policy determinants of PA across the life course, by pooling the results of the available SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs). METHODS: A systematic online search was conducted on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases up to April 2016. SLRs and MAs of observational studies investigating the association between policy determinants of PA and having PA as outcome were considered eligible. The extracted data were assessed based on the importance of the determinants, the strength of evidence and the methodological quality. RESULTS: Fourteen reviews on 27 policy determinants of PA were eligible for this umbrella SLR. The majority of the reviews were of moderate quality. Among children, a clear association between time spent outdoors and PA emerged. Among adults, working hours were negatively associated with PA, though evidence was limited. At the population level, community- and street-scale urban design and land use policies were found to positively support PA levels, but levels of evidences were low. CONCLUSIONS: With this umbrella SLR the policy determinants of PA at individual-level and Population-level have been summarized and assessed. None of the investigated policy determinants had a convincing level of evidence, and very few had a probable level of evidence. Further research is needed, preferably by using prospective study designs, standardized definitions of PA and objective measurement of PA.

Published
2018

10. Socio-economic determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella literature review

Author

O'Donoghue, G., Kennedy, A., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Ciarapica, D., Colotto, M., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Ling, F., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J.A., Perchoux, C., Pesce, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Simon, C., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Subjects
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND: To date, the scientific literature on socioeconomic correlates and determinants of physical activity behaviours has been dispersed throughout a number of systematic reviews, often focusing on one factor (e.g. education or parental income) in one specific age group (e.g. pre-school children or adults). The aim of this umbrella review is to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the scientific literature from previously conducted research by summarising and synthesising the importance and strength of the evidence related to socioeconomic correlates and determinants of PA behaviours across the life course. METHODS: Medline, Embase, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus were searched for systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the association between socioeconomic determinants of PA and PA itself (from January 2004 to September 2017). Data extraction evaluated the importance of determinants, strength of evidence, and methodological quality of the selected papers. The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO2014:CRD42015010616). RESULTS: Nineteen reviews were included. Moderate methodological quality emerged. For adults, convincing evidence supports a relationship between PA and socioeconomic status (SES), especially in relation to leisure time (positive relationship) and occupational PA (negative relationship). Conversely, no association between PA and SES or parental SES was found for pre-school, school-aged children and adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence on the socioeconomic determinants of PA behaviour across the life course is probable (shows fairly consistent associations) at best. While some evidence is available for adults, less was available for youth. This is mainly due to a limited quantity of primary studies, weak research designs and lack of accuracy in the PA and SES assessment methods employed. Further PA domain specific studies using longitudinal design and clear measures of SES and PA assessment are required.

Published
2018

11. Socio-cultural determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'Determinants of Diet and Physical Activity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Jaeschke, L., Steinbrecher, A., Luzak, A., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., De Craemer, M., D'Haese, S., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Ling, F.C.M., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J.A., Perchoux, C., Polito, A., Ricciardi, W., Sannella, A., Schlicht, W., Sohun, R., MacDonncha, C., Boccia, S., Capranica, L., Schulz, H., and Pischon, T.

Subjects
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Regular physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of disease and premature death. Knowing factors associated with PA might help reducing the disease and economic burden caused by low activity. Studies suggest that socio-cultural factors may affect PA, but systematic overviews of findings across the life course are scarce. This umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) summarizes and evaluates available evidence on socio-cultural determinants of PA in children, adolescents, and adults. METHODS: This manuscript was drafted following the recommendations of the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses' (PRISMA) checklist. The MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs) on observational studies published in English that assessed PA determinants between January 2004 and April 2016. The methodological quality was assessed and relevant information on socio-cultural determinants and any associations with PA was extracted. The available evidence was evaluated based on the importance of potential determinants and the strength of the evidence. RESULTS: Twenty SLRs and three MAs encompassing 657 eligible primary studies investigated potential socio-cultural PA determinants, with predominantly moderate methodological quality. Twenty-nine potential PA determinants were identified that were primarily assessed in children and adolescents and investigated the micro-environmental home/household level. We found probable evidence that receiving encouragement from significant others and having a companion for PA were associated with higher PA in children and adolescents, and that parental marital status (living with partner) and experiencing parental modeling were not associated with PA in children. Evidence for the other potential determinants was limited, suggestive, or non-conclusive. In adults, quantitative and conclusive data were scarce. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial number of SLRs and MAs investigating potential socio-cultural determinants of PA were identified. Our data suggest that receiving social support from significant others may increase PA levels in children and adolescents, whereas parental marital status is not a determinant in children. Evidence for other potential determinants was limited. This was mainly due to inconsistencies in results on potential socio-cultural determinants of PA across reviews and studies. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS: This umbrella SLR was recorded on PROSPERO (Record ID: CRD42015010616).

Published
2017

12. Psychological determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'determinants of diet and physical activity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Cortis, C., Puggina, A., Pesce, C., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Simon, C., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Ling, F.C.M., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J.A., O'Donoghue, G., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., Castellani, L., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Subjects
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Abstract

Low levels of physical activity (PA) are reported to contribute to the occurrence of non-communicable diseases over the life course. Although psychological factors have been identified as an important category concerning PA behavior, knowledge on psychological determinants of PA is still inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) was to summarize and synthesize the scientific evidence on psychological determinants of PA behavior across the life course. A systematic online search was conducted on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases. The search was limited to studies published in English from January 2004 to April 2016. SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs) of observational studies investigating the association of psychological variables and PA were considered eligible. Extracted data were evaluated based on importance of determinants, strength of evidence, and methodological quality. The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (Record ID: CRD42015010616). Twenty reviews (14 SLRs and 6 MAs), mostly of moderate methodological quality, were found eligible. Convincing evidence was found for self-efficacy (positive association with PA) in children and adolescents, and stress (negative association with PA) regardless of age. Most of the evidence revealing an association between psychological determinants and PA is probable and limited, mainly due to differences in the definition of PA and of psychological determinants across reviews. Thus, scholars are urged to reach a consensus on clear definitions of relevant psychological determinants of PA, subsuming cultural biases and allowing the possibility to obtain clear interpretations and generalizability of findings. Finally, most psychological determinants should be considered within a larger framework of other multi-level determinants that may interact or mediate some of the effects.

Published
2017

13. A life course examination of the physical environmental determinants of physical activity behaviour: A 'Determinants of Diet and Physical Activity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Carlin, A., Perchoux, C., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Lakerveld, J., Chun Man Ling, F., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J.A., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Subjects
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Abstract

Background: Participation in regular physical activity is associated with a multitude of health benefits across the life course. However, many people fail to meet PA recommendations. Despite a plethora of studies, the evidence regarding the environmental (physical) determinants of physical activity remains inconclusive. Objective: To identify the physical environmental determinants that influence PA across the life course. Methods: An online systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus. The search was limited to studies published in English (January 2004 to April 2016). Only systematic literature reviews (SLRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) of observational studies, that investigated the association between physical determinants and physical activity outcomes, were eligible for inclusion. The extracted data were assessed on the importance of determinants, strength of evidence and methodological quality. Results: The literature search identified 28 SLRs and 3 MAs on 67 physical environmental characteristics potentially related to physical activity that were eligible for inclusion. Among preschool children, a positive association was reported between availability of backyard space and outdoor toys/equipment in the home and overall physical activity. The availability of physical activity programs and equipment within schools, and neighbourhood features such as pedestrian and cyclist safety structure were positively associated with physical activity in children and adolescents. Negative street characteristics, for example, lack of sidewalks and streetlights, were negatively associated with physical activity in adults. Inconsistent associations were reported for the majority of reviewed determinants in adults. Conclusion: This umbrella SLR provided a comprehensive overview of the physical environment determinants of physical activity across the life course and has highlighted, particularly amongst youth, a number of key determinants that may be associated with overall physical activity. Given the limited evidence drawn mostly from cross-sectional studies, longitudinal studies are needed to further explore these associations. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42015010616.

Published
2017

14. Behavioral determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Condello, G., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Simon, C., Ciarapica, D., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, Ai., Ling, F.C.M., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J.-A., Perchoux, C., Pesce, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Subjects
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Low levels of physical activity (PA) are a global concern and increasing PA engagement is becoming a priority in current public health policies. Despite the large number of studies and reviews available, the evidence regarding the behavioral determinants of PA is still inconclusive. Thus, the aim of this umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) was to summarize the evidence on the behavioral determinants of PA across the life course. METHODS: A systematic online search was conducted on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases. The search was limited to studies published in English from January, 2004 to April, 2016. SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs) of observational studies that investigated the behavioral determinants of PA were considered eligible. The extracted data were assessed based on the importance of the determinants, the strength of evidence, and the methodological quality. The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2014:CRD42015010616). RESULTS: Seventeen reviews on 35 behavioral determinants of PA were eligible for this umbrella SLR. Regardless of age, the most investigated determinants were those related with 'screen use' and 'smoking'. For youth, probable positive evidence emerged for 'previous PA' and 'independent mobility and active transport' among children and adolescents. For the adult population, 'transition to university' and 'pregnancy/having a child' showed probable negative associations. CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of the evidence was limited and most of the determinants were not associated with PA, this umbrella SLR provided a comprehensive overview of the associations between behavioral determinants and PA. Youth should be physically active in the early years and increase active transportation to/from school, independent mobility, and 'free-range activities' without adult supervision, whilst adult PA behaviors are mostly influenced by the life events. Finally, more research is needed that incorporates prospective study designs, standardized definitions of PA, objective measurement methods of PA assessment, and the use of interactionist and mediational approaches for the evaluation of different behavioral determinants influencing PA behaviors.

Published
2017

17. Energy cost and energy sources during a simulated firefighting activity

Author

Perroni, Fabrizio, Tessitore, A, Cortis, C, Lupo, Corrado, D’Artibale, E, Cignitti, L, De Rosas, M, and Capranica, L.

Subjects
Adult, Male, aerobic metabolism, anaerobic alactic metabolism, anaerobic lactic metabolism, job performance, Physical Exertion, Firefighting, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Interval training, Fires, Animal science, Oxygen Consumption, Protective Clothing, Stress, Physiological, Heart rate, Task Performance and Analysis, Medicine, Aerobic exercise, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Analysis of Variance, Anthropometry, business.industry, Workload, General Medicine, Energy cost, Lactates, business, Energy source, Energy Metabolism, Anaerobic exercise
Abstract

This study aimed to 1) analyze the energy requirement (VO2eq) and the contribution of the aerobic (VO2ex), anaerobic alactic (VO2al), and anaerobic lactic (VO2la-) energy sources of a simulated intervention; 2) ascertain differences in mean VO2 and heart rate (HR) during firefighting tasks; and 3) verify the relationship between time of job completion and the fitness level of firefighters. Twenty Italian firefighters (age = 32 ± 6 yr, VO2peak = 43.1 ± 4.9 mL·kg·min) performed 4 consecutive tasks (i.e., child rescue; 250-m run; find an exit; 250-m run) that required a VO2eq of 406.26 ± 73.91 mL·kg (VO2ex = 86 ± 5%; VO2al = 9 ± 3%; VO2la- = 5 ± 3%). After 30 minutes, the recovery HR (108 ± 15 beats·min) and VO2 (8.86±2.67mL·kg·min) were higher (p < 0.0001) than basal values (HR = 66 ± 8 beats·min; VO2 = 4.57 ± 1.07 mL·kg·min), indicating that passive recovery is insufficient in reducing the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory strain of the previous workload. Differences (p < 0.001) between tasks emerged for mean VO2 and HR, with a lack of significant correlation between the time of job completion and the firefighters' aerobic fitness. These findings indicate that unpredictable working conditions highly challenge expert firefighters who need adequate fitness levels to meet the requirements of their work. Practically, to enhance the fitness level of firefighters, specific interval training programs should include a wide variety of tasks requiring different intensities and decision-making strategies.

Published
2010

35. Solvation Free Energies of Peptides:  Comparison of Approximate Continuum Solvation Models with Accurate Solution of the Poisson−Boltzmann Equation

Author

Edinger, S. R., Cortis, C., Shenkin, P. S., and Friesner, R. A.

Abstract

We have compared solvation free energies obtained from a number of approximate solvation models with an accurate solution of the Poisson−Boltzmann equation for a large data set of peptide structures, ranging from a single amino acid to a peptide sequence of length nine. The models are assessed for their ability to predict relative energetics of different peptide conformations (of the same sequence) as determined from the Poisson−Boltzmann results. We find that the widely used distance dependent dielectric model yields qualitatively erroneous results; in contrast, the generalized Born model of Still and co-workers, an approximation to the Poisson−Boltzmann equation, provides reasonably good solvation free energies and performs rather well in rank ordering of conformations. A surface area based model produces results of intermediate quality. Our results suggest that the generalized Born model is presently the clearly preferred alternative if one wishes to carry out molecular dynamics simulations with a fast, approximate solvation model.

Published
1997

37. Influence of HMB supplementation and resistance training on cytokine responses to resistance exercise

Author

Kraemer, W J, Hatfield, D L, Comstock, B A, Fragala, M S, Davitt, P M, Cortis, C, Wilson, J M, Lee, E C, Newton, Robert U, DunnLewis, C, Häkkinen, K, Szivak, T K, Hooper, D R, Flanagan, S D, Looney, D P, White, M T, Volek, J S, Maresh, C M, Kraemer, W J, Hatfield, D L, Comstock, B A, Fragala, M S, Davitt, P M, Cortis, C, Wilson, J M, Lee, E C, Newton, Robert U, DunnLewis, C, Häkkinen, K, Szivak, T K, Hooper, D R, Flanagan, S D, Looney, D P, White, M T, Volek, J S, and Maresh, C M

Abstract

Kraemer W.J., Hatfield D.L., Comstock B.A., Fragala M.S., Davitt P.M., Cortis C., Wilson J.M., Lee E.C., Newton R.U., Dunn-Lewis C., Hakkinen K., Szivak T.K., Hooper D.R., Flanagan S.D., Looney D.P., White M.T., Volek J.S., Maresh C.M. (2014). Influence of HMB Supplementation and Resistance Training on Cytokine Responses to Resistance Exercise. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 33(4), 247-255. Available here

38. Socio-cultural determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'Determinants of Diet and Physical Activity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Jaeschke, L., Steinbrecher, A., Luzak, A., Puggina, A., Aleksovsak, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., De Craemer, M., D'Haese, S., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Ling, F.C.M., Lacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Polito, A., Ricciardi, W., Sannella, A., Schlicht, W., Sohun, R., MacDonncha, C., Boccia, S., Capranica, L., Schulz, H., Pischon, T., Jaeschke, L., Steinbrecher, A., Luzak, A., Puggina, A., Aleksovsak, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., De Craemer, M., D'Haese, S., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Ling, F.C.M., Lacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Polito, A., Ricciardi, W., Sannella, A., Schlicht, W., Sohun, R., MacDonncha, C., Boccia, S., Capranica, L., Schulz, H., and Pischon, T.

Abstract

Objective Regular physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of disease and premature death. Knowing factors associated with PA might help reducing the disease and economic burden caused by low activity. Studies suggest that socio-cultural factors may affect PA, but systematic overviews of findings across the life course are scarce. This umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) summarizes and evaluates available evidence on socio-cultural determinants of PA in children, adolescents, and adults. Methods This manuscript was drafted following the recommendations of the ‘Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses’ (PRISMA) checklist. The MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs) on observational studies published in English that assessed PA determinants between January 2004 and April 2016. The methodological quality was assessed and relevant information on socio-cultural determinants and any associations with PA was extracted. The available evidence was evaluated based on the importance of potential determinants and the strength of the evidence. Results Twenty SLRs and three MAs encompassing 657 eligible primary studies investigated potential socio-cultural PA determinants, with predominantly moderate methodological quality. Twenty-nine potential PA determinants were identified that were primarily assessed in children and adolescents and investigated the micro-environmental home/household level. We found probable evidence that receiving encouragement from significant others and having a companion for PA were associated with higher PA in children and adolescents, and that parental marital status (living with partner) and experiencing parental modeling were not associated with PA in children. Evidence for the other potential determinants was limited, suggestive, or non-conclusive. In adults, quantitative and conclusive data were scarce. Conclusions A substantial number of SLRs and MAs

39. Socio-economic determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella literature review

Author

Kennedy, A., O'Donoghue, G., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, A., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Colloto, M., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Ling, F.C.M., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., Boccia, S., Kennedy, A., O'Donoghue, G., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, A., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Colloto, M., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Ling, F.C.M., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Abstract

Background To date, the scientific literature on socioeconomic correlates and determinants of physical activity behaviours has been dispersed throughout a number of systematic reviews, often focusing on one factor (e.g. education or parental income) in one specific age group (e.g. pre-school children or adults). The aim of this umbrella review is to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the scientific literature from previously conducted research by summarising and synthesising the importance and strength of the evidence related to socioeconomic correlates and determinants of PA behaviours across the life course. Methods Medline, Embase, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus were searched for systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the association between socioeconomic determinants of PA and PA itself (from January 2004 to September 2017). Data extraction evaluated the importance of determinants, strength of evidence, and methodological quality of the selected papers. The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO2014:CRD42015010616). Results Nineteen reviews were included. Moderate methodological quality emerged. For adults, convincing evidence supports a relationship between PA and socioeconomic status (SES), especially in relation to leisure time (positive relationship) and occupational PA (negative relationship). Conversely, no association between PA and SES or parental SES was found for pre-school, school-aged children and adolescents. Conclusions Available evidence on the socioeconomic determinants of PA behaviour across the life course is probable (shows fairly consistent associations) at best. While some evidence is available for adults, less was available for youth. This is mainly due to a limited quantity of primary studies, weak research designs and lack of accuracy in the PA and SES assessment methods employed. Further PA domain specific studies using longitudinal design and clear m

40. Behavioural determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'Determinants of Diet and Physical Activity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella literature review

Author

Condello, G., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Simon, C., Ciarapica, D., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Lacoviello, L., Ling, Fiona C.M., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Pesce, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., Boccia, S., Condello, G., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Simon, C., Ciarapica, D., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Lacoviello, L., Ling, Fiona C.M., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Pesce, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Abstract

Background Low levels of physical activity (PA) are a global concern and increasing PA engagement is becoming a priority in current public health policies. Despite the large number of studies and reviews available, the evidence regarding the behavioral determinants of PA is still inconclusive. Thus, the aim of this umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) was to summarize the evidence on the behavioral determinants of PA across the life course. Methods A systematic online search was conducted on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases. The search was limited to studies published in English from January, 2004 to April, 2016. SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs) of observational studies that investigated the behavioral determinants of PA were considered eligible. The extracted data were assessed based on the importance of the determinants, the strength of evidence, and the methodological quality. The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2014:CRD42015010616). Results Seventeen reviews on 35 behavioral determinants of PA were eligible for this umbrella SLR. Regardless of age, the most investigated determinants were those related with ‘screen use’ and ‘smoking’. For youth, probable positive evidence emerged for ‘previous PA’ and ‘independent mobility and active transport’ among children and adolescents. For the adult population, ‘transition to university’ and ‘pregnancy/having a child’ showed probable negative associations. Conclusions Although the majority of the evidence was limited and most of the determinants were not associated with PA, this umbrella SLR provided a comprehensive overview of the associations between behavioral determinants and PA. Youth should be physically active in the early years and increase active transportation to/from school, independent mobility, and ‘free-range activities’ without adult supervision, whilst adult PA behaviors are mostly influenced by the life events. Finally, more research is needed that incorp

41. Using concept mapping in the development of the EU-PAD framework (EUropean-Physical Activity Determinants across the life course): a DEDIPAC-study.

Author

Condello, G., Ling, Fiona C.M., Bianco, A., Chastin, S., Cardon, G., Ciarapica, D., Conte, D., Cortis, C., De Cramer, M., Dii Blasio, A., Gjaka, M., Hansen, S., Holdsworth, M., Lacoviello, L., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Leone, L., Manoni, L., Menescardi, C., Migliaccio, S., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Pesce, C., Pierik, F., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Puggina, A., Sannella, A., Schlicht, W., Schulz, H., Simon, C., Steinbrecher, A., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., Condello, G., Ling, Fiona C.M., Bianco, A., Chastin, S., Cardon, G., Ciarapica, D., Conte, D., Cortis, C., De Cramer, M., Dii Blasio, A., Gjaka, M., Hansen, S., Holdsworth, M., Lacoviello, L., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Leone, L., Manoni, L., Menescardi, C., Migliaccio, S., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Pesce, C., Pierik, F., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Puggina, A., Sannella, A., Schlicht, W., Schulz, H., Simon, C., Steinbrecher, A., MacDonncha, C., and Capranica, L.

Abstract

Background A large proportion of European children, adults and older adults do not engage in sufficient physical activity (PA). Understanding individual and contextual factors associated with PA behaviours is essential for the identification and implementation of effective preventative environments, policies, and programmes that can promote an active lifestyle across life course and can potentially improve health. The current paper intends to provide 1) a multi-disciplinary, Pan-European and life course view of key determinants of PA behaviours and 2) a proposal of how these factors may cluster. Methods After gathering a list of 183 potential PA behaviours-associated factors and a consensus meeting to unify/consolidate terminology, a concept mapping software was used to collate European experts’ views of 106 identified factors for youth (<19 years), adults (19–64 years), and older adults (≥65 years). The analysis evaluated common trends in the clustering of factors and the ratings of the distinct factors’ expected modifiability and population-level impact on PA behaviours across the life course. Priority for research was also assessed for each cluster. Results The concept mapping resulted in six distinct clusters, broadly merged in two themes: 1) the ‘Person’, which included clusters ‘Intra-Personal Context and Wellbeing’ and ‘Family and Social Economic Status’ (42 % of all factors) and 2) the ‘Society’, which included the remaining four clusters ‘Policy and Provision’, ‘Cultural Context and Media’, ‘Social Support and Modelling’, and ‘Supportive Environment’ (58 % of all factors). Overall, 25 factors were rated as the most impactful on PA behaviours across the life course and being the most modifiable. They were mostly situated in the ‘Intra-Personal Context and Wellbeing’ cluster. Furthermore, 16 of them were rated as top priority for research. Conclusions The current framework provides a preliminary overview of factors which may account for PA behaviour across th

42. Policy determinants of physical activity across the life course: a ‘DEDIPAC’ umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Ling, Fiona C.M., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., Boccia, S., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Chantal, S., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., Cortis, C., D'Haese, S., De Craemer, M., Di Blasio, A., Hansen, S., Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Ling, Fiona C.M., Luzak, A., Napolitano, G., Nazare, J-A., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Abstract

Background Despite the large number of studies and reviews available, the evidence regarding the policy determinants of physical activity (PA) is inconclusive. This umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) summarizes the current evidence on the policy determinants of PA across the life course, by pooling the results of the available SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs). Methods A systematic online search was conducted on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases up to April 2016. SLRs and MAs of observational studies investigating the association between policy determinants of PA and having PA as outcome were considered eligible. The extracted data were assessed based on the importance of the determinants, the strength of evidence and the methodological quality. Results Fourteen reviews on 27 policy determinants of PA were eligible for this umbrella SLR. The majority of the reviews were of moderate quality. Among children, a clear association between time spent outdoors and PA emerged. Among adults, working hours were negatively associated with PA, though evidence was limited. At the population level, community- and street-scale urban design and land use policies were found to positively support PA levels, but levels of evidences were low. Conclusions With this umbrella SLR the policy determinants of PA at individual-level and population-level have been summarized and assessed. None of the investigated policy determinants had a convincing level of evidence, and very few had a probable level of evidence. Further research is needed, preferably by using prospective study designs, standardized definitions of PA and objective measurement of PA.

43. Psychological determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review.

Author

Cortis, C., Puggina, A., Pesce, C., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Simon, C., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., D'Haese, S., de Craemer, M, Di Blasio, A, Hansen, M, Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Ling, Fiona C.M., Luzak, A., Napolitano, C., Nazare, J-A., O’Donoghue, G., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., Castellani, L., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., Boccia, S., Cortis, C., Puggina, A., Pesce, C., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Simon, C., Ciarapica, D., Condello, G., Coppinger, T., D'Haese, S., de Craemer, M, Di Blasio, A, Hansen, M, Iacoviello, L., Issartel, J., Izzicupo, P., Jaeschke, L., Kanning, M., Kennedy, A., Ling, Fiona C.M., Luzak, A., Napolitano, C., Nazare, J-A., O’Donoghue, G., Perchoux, C., Pischon, T., Polito, A., Sannella, A., Schulz, H., Sohun, R., Steinbrecher, A., Schlicht, W., Ricciardi, W., Castellani, L., MacDonncha, C., Capranica, L., and Boccia, S.

Abstract

Low levels of physical activity (PA) are reported to contribute to the occurrence of non-communicable diseases over the life course. Although psychological factors have been identified as an important category concerning PA behavior, knowledge on psychological determinants of PA is still inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) was to summarize and synthesize the scientific evidence on psychological determinants of PA behavior across the life course. A systematic online search was conducted on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases. The search was limited to studies published in English from January 2004 to April 2016. SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs) of observational studies investigating the association of psychological variables and PA were considered eligible. Extracted data were evaluated based on importance of determinants, strength of evidence, and methodological quality. The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (Record ID: CRD42015010616). Twenty reviews (14 SLRs and 6 MAs), mostly of moderate methodological quality, were found eligible. Convincing evidence was found for self-efficacy (positive association with PA) in children and adolescents, and stress (negative association with PA) regardless of age. Most of the evidence revealing an association between psychological determinants and PA is probable and limited, mainly due to differences in the definition of PA and of psychological determinants across reviews. Thus, scholars are urged to reach a consensus on clear definitions of relevant psychological determinants of PA, subsuming cultural biases and allowing the possibility to obtain clear interpretations and generalizability of findings. Finally, most psychological determinants should be considered within a larger framework of other multi-level determinants that may interact or mediate some of the effects.

44. Home is the new gym: exergame as a potential tool to maintain adequate fitness levels also during quarantine

Author

Angelo Rodio, Giuseppe Francesco Giancotti, Antonino Bianco, Cristina Cortis, Andrea Fusco, Cortis C., Giancotti G.F., Angelo Rodio, Bianco A., and Fusco A.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Heart rate, Biophysics, Physical activity, Oxygen consumption, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Metabolic equivalent, Zumba, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Respiratory exchange ratio, COVID-19, Energy expenditure, Heart rate, Home training, Oxygen consumption, Zumba, Rating of perceived exertion, Home environment, Home training, business.industry, COVID-19, Energy expenditure, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 030229 sport sciences, GV557-1198.995, Physical therapy, Exercise intensity, business, Settore M-EDF/01 - Metodi E Didattiche Delle Attivita' Motorie, Sports
Abstract

Purpose With the coronavirus outbreak, the preventive measures include staying at home and isolation, increasing sedentary behaviours and risk for worsening of chronic diseases To explore alternative forms of home-based physical activity, the study aim was to evaluate physiological (heart rate [HR], respiratory exchange ratio [RER], oxygen consumption [ O2], energy expenditure [EE], metabolic equivalent task [MET]) and psychological (session rating of perceived exertion [sRPE], enjoyment) parameters of real (Zumba® class [ZC]) and exergame (Zumba® Fitness Rush [ZFR]) activities in relation to sex Methods Overall, 12 female (age: 24 7 ± 0 9 years) and 8 male (age: 25 3 ± 2 1 years) college students randomly performed 2 experimental 60-min sessions, ZC and ZFR, during which HR (expressed as percentage of individual maximal HR [%HRmax]), O2, RER, MET and EE were measured After each session, sRPE and Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) were used to monitor exercise intensity and enjoyment, respectively Results Main effects for sex (p = 0 02) and modality (p 0 0001) emerged for %HRmax, with women showing higher values than men and ZC showing higher values than ZFR EE presented main effects for sex (p 0 0001) and modality (p = 0 0002), with higher values in men and in ZC Main effect (p = 0 0001) for modality emerged also for O2 and MET, with higher values in ZC regardless of sex No significant differences were observed for RER, sRPE, or PACES Conclusions Although ZC elicited higher cardiovascular and metabolic responses, ZFR, classified as a moderate-to-vigorous activity, could be used to maintain regular physical activity in a safe home environment during the coronavirus crisis © University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw

Published
2020

45. Stay Home, Stay Active with SuperJump®: A Home-Based Activity to Prevent Sedentary Lifestyle during COVID-19 Outbreak

Author

Cristina Cortis, Andrea Fusco, Jill Cooper, Alice Iannaccone, Patrizia Proia, Salvador J. Jaime, Sara Baldassano, Iannaccone A., Fusco A., Jaime S.J., Baldassano S., Cooper J., Proia P., and Cortis C.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Mini-trampoline, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Geography, Planning and Development, Heart rate, TJ807-830, Perceived exertion, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, Renewable energy sources, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, home training, coronavirus, exercise, heart rate, mini-trampoline, rate of perceived exertion, medicine, GE1-350, 030212 general & internal medicine, Exercise, Sedentary lifestyle, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Home training, Rate of perceived exertion, Repeated measures design, 030229 sport sciences, Home based, Intensity (physics), Environmental sciences, Coronavirus, Physical therapy, Exercise intensity, business, human activities
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the intensity of SuperJump® workout as a home-based activity for fulfilling physical activity recommendations during COVID-19 home-confinement. Seventeen (males: n = 10; females: n = 7) college students (age: 25.8 ± 2.7 years; height: 1.7 ± 0.1 m; weight: 66.2 ± 12.1 kg) participated in the study. To assess the intensity of the activity (30-min), heart rate (HR), expressed as percentages of age-predicted maximal HR (%HRmax), and session ratings of perceived exertion (sRPE), collected on a CR10 scale, were used. %HRmax data were categorically separated in five classes of intensity according to the American College of Sport Science’s guidelines. Enjoyment was evaluated using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). Repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate differences (p < 0.05) in relation to gender and exercise intensity. No gender difference emerged for %HRmax and sRPE. Significantly higher (p < 0.05) %HRmax were found for the moderate intensity (47.1 ± 34.4%) with respect to very light (3.6 ± 6.9%), light (14.5 ± 23.3%) and vigorous (34.6 ± 39.6%) and for the vigorous intensity with respect to very light; no near maximal to maximal values were observed. Subjects perceived SuperJump® as moderate (sRPE = 3.1 ± 1.2) while showing high levels of enjoyability (PACES = 86.6 ± 16.2%). SuperJump® can be classified as moderate-to-vigorous activity, representing an effective alternative and enjoyable home-based activity for preventing the effects of a sedentary lifestyle during home-confinement.

Published
2020
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46. Physical activity, nutrition, and bone health

Author

Jill Cooper, Patrizia Proia, Cristina Cortis, Sara Baldassano, Alessandra Amato, and Amato A, Baldassano S, Cortis C, Cooper J, Proia P.

Subjects
lcsh:Sports, 0301 basic medicine, business.industry, Osteoporosis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Biophysics, Physical activity, physical activity, Physiology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, osteoporosis, nutrition, bone metabolism, physical activity, medicine.disease, osteoporosis, Bone health, Bone remodeling, lcsh:GV557-1198.995, 03 medical and health sciences, nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, bone metabolism, business
Abstract

This review aims to describe the roles that physical activity and nutrition have in bone metabolism and to examine their effects on bone in a situation of altered metabolism as a consequence of inadequate nutrition and/or excessive physical activity. Referring to the recent studies and the main guidelines in the literature on athlete nutrition, the paper also focuses on essential nutrients for bone health during performance. Finally, it discusses the negative effect of some nutrients on bone mineral density.

Published
2018

47. Using concept mapping in the development of the EU-PAD framework (EUropean-Physical Activity Determinants across the life course): a DEDIPAC-study

Author

Cristina Menescardi, Fiona Chun Man Ling, Caterina Pesce, Greet Cardon, Astrid Steinbrecher, Masar Gjaka, Licia Iacoviello, Marieke De Craemer, Ciaran MacDonncha, Laura Capranica, Silvia Migliaccio, Antonino Bianco, Alessandra Sannella, Michelle Holdsworth, Daniele Conte, Pascal Izzicupo, Holger Schulz, Liliana Leone, Tobias Pischon, Cristina Cortis, Camille Perchoux, Anna Puggina, Lina Jaeschke, Sebastien F. M. Chastin, Livia Manoni, Giancarlo Condello, Chantal Simon, Frank H. Pierik, Angela Polito, Wolfgang Schlicht, Julie Anne Nazare, Andrea Di Blasio, Sylvia Hansen, Donatella Ciarapica, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Condello, G, Ling, F, Bianco, A, Chastin, S, Cardon, G, Ciarapica, D, Conte, D, Cortis, C, De Craemer, M, Di Blasio, A, Gjaka, M, Hansen, S, Holdsworth, M, Iacoviello, L, Izzicupo, P, Jaeschke, L, Leone, L, Manoni, L, Menescardi, C, Migliaccio, S, Nazare, J, Perchoux, C, Pesce, C, Pierik, F, Pischon, T, Polito, A, Puggina, A, Sannella, A, Schlicht, W, Schulz, H, Simon, C, Steinbrecher, A, Macdonncha, C, and Capranica, L

Subjects
Gerontology, Male, Youth, Urban Mobility & Environment, 2016 Urban Mobility & Environment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Applied psychology, Health Behavior, Psychological intervention, Poison control, B400, INTERNET-BASED SURVEYS, A900, 0302 clinical medicine, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, sedentary behavior, Medicine and Health Sciences, DUTCH EXPERTS, Medicine, Cluster Analysis, 030212 general & internal medicine, older-adults, Older adult, science, response, exercise, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, 030503 health policy & services, SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR, Human factors and ergonomics, SCIENCE, Middle Aged, Public, Priority for, Europe, Health, PUBLIC-HEALTH, Older adults, Life course approach, Female, Factors, Active lifestyles, Adults, Priority for research, Public Health, 0305 other medical science, Environment & Sustainability, Research Article, Adult, Consensus, Adolescent, MIXED-METHODS APPROACH, EXERCISE, Context (language use), Urbanisation, public-health, Environment, RESPONSE RATE, White People, Environmental & Occupational Health, 03 medical and health sciences, Social support, Young Adult, Quality of life (healthcare), mixed-methods approach, Humans, OLDER-ADULTS, Socioeconomic status, Life Style, Active lifestyle, Aged, research, business.industry, dutch experts, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Factor, lcsh:RA1-1270, internet-based surveys, rate, Socioeconomic Factors, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, quality-of-life, SUMS - Sustainable Urban Mobility and Safety, ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences, business
Abstract

International audience; Background: A large proportion of European children, adults and older adults do not engage in sufficient physical activity ( PA). Understanding individual and contextual factors associated with PA behaviours is essential for the identification and implementation of effective preventative environments, policies, and programmes that can promote an active lifestyle across life course and can potentially improve health. The current paper intends to provide 1) a multi-disciplinary, Pan-European and life course view of key determinants of PA behaviours and 2) a proposal of how these factors may cluster. Methods: After gathering a list of 183 potential PA behaviours-associated factors and a consensus meeting to unify/consolidate terminology, a concept mapping software was used to collate European experts' views of 106 identified factors for youth (\textless 19 years), adults ( 19-64 years), and older adults (\textgreater= 65 years). The analysis evaluated common trends in the clustering of factors and the ratings of the distinct factors' expected modifiability and population-level impact on PA behaviours across the life course. Priority for research was also assessed for each cluster. Results: The concept mapping resulted in six distinct clusters, broadly merged in two themes: 1) the 'Person', which included clusters 'Intra-Personal Context and Wellbeing' and 'Family and Social Economic Status' ( 42 % of all factors) and 2) the 'Society', which included the remaining four clusters 'Policy and Provision', 'Cultural Context and Media', 'Social Support and Modelling', and 'Supportive Environment' ( 58 % of all factors). Overall, 25 factors were rated as the most impactful on PA behaviours across the life course and being the most modifiable. They were mostly situated in the 'Intra-Personal Context and Wellbeing' cluster. Furthermore, 16 of them were rated as top priority for research. Conclusions: The current framework provides a preliminary overview of factors which may account for PA behaviour across the life course and are most relevant to the European community. These insights could potentially be a foundation for future Pan-European research on how these factors might interact with each other, and assist policy makers to identify appropriate interventions to maximize PA behaviours and thus the health of European citizens.

Published
2016

48. Session-RPE for quantifying load of different youth taekwondo training sessions

Author

Flavia Guidotti, Corrado Lupo, Antonino Bianco, Laura Capranica, Antonio Tessitore, Cristina Cortis, Lupo, C, Capranica, L, Cortis, C, Guidotti, F, Bianco, A, and Tessitore, A

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart rate, Martial arts, Physical exertion, Resistance training, Sports, Time Factors, Time Factor, Physical fitness, Physical Exertion, Reproducibility of Result, Predictive Value of Test, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Task Performance and Analysi, Athletic Performance, Session (web analytics), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Martial Art, Athlete, Heart Rate, Predictive Value of Tests, Task Performance and Analysis, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Training load, Child, Sport, Rating of perceived exertion, biology, Athletes, business.industry, Medicine (all), Reproducibility of Results, 030229 sport sciences, biology.organism_classification, Physical Fitness, Physical therapy, Physical Fitne, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Martial Arts, Recovery phase, Human
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE) proved to be a valuable method to quantify the internal training load (ITL) in taekwondo. However, no study validated this method in youth taekwondo athletes performing different training sessions. Thus this study aimed at evaluating the reliability of the session-RPE to monitor the ITL of prepubescent taekwondo athletes during pre-competitive (PC) and competitive (C) training sessions. METHODS: Five female (age: 12.0±0.7 y; height: 1.54±0.08 m; body mass: 48.8±7.3 kg) and four male (age: 12.0±0.8 yrs; height: 1.55±0.07 m; body mass: 47.3±5.3 kg) taekwondo athletes were monitored during 100 individual sessions (PC: N.=33; C: N.=67). The Edwards' HR method was used as reference measure of ITL; the CR-10 RPE scale was administered at 1- and 30-minutes from the end of each session. RESULTS: No difference for gender emerged. The ITLs of C (Edwards: 228±40 arbitrary units, AU) resulted higher than that of PC (192±26 AU; P=0.04). Although all training typologies and data collections achieved significant correlations between Edwards' and session-RPE methods, a large relationship (r =0.71, P

Published
2016

49. Effect of Physical Activity Behaviors, Team Sports, and Sitting Time on Body Image and Exercise Dependence.

Author

Festino E, Papale O, Di Rocco F, De Maio M, Cortis C, and Fusco A

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate whether the type and degree of physical activity commitment (i.e., team sport athletes, highly active individuals, sedentary behavior) influence body image and exercise behavior. A total of 96 participants (46 women and 50 men; age: 22.7 ± 2.7 years; height: 170 ± 8.6 cm; weight: 67.6 ± 10.8 kg) were divided in six groups: female volleyball and male football players (student athletes classified as Tier 2), highly physically active women and men, with high sitting time completed the Body Image Dimensional Assessment and the 21-item Exercise Dependence Scale to evaluate body dissatisfaction and level of dependency on exercise. The Body Image Dimensional Assessment is a silhouette-based scale, where three direct indices are derived from the participants' responses: body dissatisfaction, sexual body dissatisfaction, and comparative body dissatisfaction. The Exercise Dependence Scale is a six-point Likert scale that evaluates seven dimensions of exercise dependence (tolerance, withdrawal, intention effects, lack of control, time, reductions in other activities, and continuance) and provides an overall score. A multivariate analysis of variance was used to examine the effects of different levels of physical activity, team sport participation (volleyball and football), and sedentary behavior (i.e., high sitting time) on participants' body image indices and dimensions of exercise dependence according to sex. Volleyball players showed significantly higher body dissatisfaction than football players ( d = 0.99) and the physically active men group ( d = 2.31), who had lower values than sedentary women group ( d = 1.68). Football players had lower comparative body dissatisfaction values than volleyball players ( d = 1.70) and sedentary women ( d = 1.69), who had higher values than sedentary men ( d = 1.04). Sedentary women had a significantly lower exercise dependence scale score than volleyball players ( d = 1.71), football players ( d = 1.12), and physically active men ( d = 1.21). The findings highlight the impact of regular physical activity on body dissatisfaction and the variance in body image perceptions between the sexes. Moreover, the high exercise dependence values found in volleyball and football players and physically active men suggest an effect of intense training and maladaptive exercise behaviors, underlining the need for comprehensive strategies to address exercise dependence.

Published
2024
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50. DE-PASS best evidence statement (BESt): determinants of adolescents' device-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour in settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Kolovelonis A, Syrmpas I, Marcuzzi A, Khudair M, Ng K, Tempest GD, Peric R, Bartoš F, Maier M, Brandes M, Carlin A, Ciaccioni S, Cortis C, Corvino C, Di Credico A, Drid P, Gallè F, Izzicupo P, Jahre H, Kongsvold A, Kouidi E, Mork PJ, Palumbo F, Rumbold PLS, Sandu P, Stavnsbo M, Vilela S, Woods C, Wunsch K, Capranica L, MacDonncha C, and Ling FCM

Subjects
Humans, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior psychology, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Sedentary Behavior, Exercise psychology
Abstract

Background: Although physical activity (PA) is associated with significant health benefits, only a small percentage of adolescents meet recommended PA levels. This systematic review with meta-analysis explored the modifiable determinants of adolescents' device-based PA and/or sedentary behaviour (SB), evaluated in previous interventions and examined the associations between PA/SB and these determinants in settings., Methods: A search was conducted on five electronic databases, including papers published from January 2010 to July 2023. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) or Controlled Trials (CTs) measuring adolescents' device-based PA/SB and their modifiable determinants at least at two time points: pre- and post-intervention were considered eligible. PA/SB and determinants were the main outcomes. Modifiable determinants were classified after data extraction adopting the social-ecological perspective. Robust Bayesian meta-analyses (RoBMA) were performed per each study setting. Outcomes identified in only one study were presented narratively. The risk of bias for each study and the certainty of the evidence for each meta-analysis were evaluated. The publication bias was also checked., Prospero Id: CRD42021282874., Results: Fourteen RCTs (eight in school, three in school and family, and one in the family setting) and one CT (in the school setting) were included. Fifty-four modifiable determinants were identified and were combined into 33 broader determinants (21 individual-psychological, four individual-behavioural, seven interpersonal, and one institutional). RoBMAs revealed none or negligible pooled intervention effects on PA/SB or determinants in all settings. The certainty of the evidence of the impact of interventions on outcomes ranged from very low to low. Narratively, intervention effects in favour of the experimental group were detected in school setting for the determinants: knowledge of the environment for practicing PA, d = 1.84, 95%CI (1.48, 2.20), behaviour change techniques, d = 0.90, 95%CI (0.09, 1.70), choice provided, d = 0.70, 95%CI (0.36, 1.03), but no corresponding effects on PA or SB were found., Conclusions: Weak to minimal evidence regarding the associations between the identified modifiable determinants and adolescents' device-based PA/SB in settings were found, probably due to intervention ineffectiveness. Well-designed and well-implemented multicomponent interventions should further explore the variety of modifiable determinants of adolescents' PA/SB, including policy and environmental variables., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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