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38 results on '"Edgell, D."'

1. Cross-beam energy transfer in conditions relevant to direct-drive implosions on OMEGA

Author

Nguyen, K. L., Yin, L., Albright, B. J., Edgell, D. H., Follett, R. K., Turnbull, D., Froula, D. H., and Palastro, J. P.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

In cross-beam energy transfer (CBET), the interference of two laser beams ponderomotively drives an ion-acoustic wave that coherently scatters light from one beam into the other. This redirection of laser beam energy can severely inhibit the performance of direct-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions. To assess the role of nonlinear and kinetic processes in direct-drive-relevant CBET, the energy transfer between two laser beams in the plasma conditions of an ICF implosion at the OMEGA laser facility was modeled using particle-in-cell simulations. For typical laser beam intensities, the simulations are in excellent agreement with linear kinetic theory, indicating that nonlinear processes do not play a role in direct-drive implosions. At higher intensities, CBET can be modified by pump depletion, backward stimulated Raman scattering, or ion trapping, depending on the plasma density.

Published
2023
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2. Simulated Refraction-Enhanced X-Ray Radiography of Laser-Driven Shocks

Author

Kar, Arnab, Boehly, T. R., Radha, P. B., Edgell, D. H., Hu, S. X., Nilson, P. M., Shvydky, A., Theobald, W., Cao, D., Anderson, K. S., Goncharov, V. N., and Regan, S. P.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Refraction-enhanced x-ray radiography (REXR) is used to infer shock-wave positions of more than one shock wave, launched by a multiple-picket pulse in a planar plastic foil. This includes locating shock waves before the shocks merge, during the early time and the main drive of the laser pulse that is not possible with the velocity interferometer system for any reflector. Simulations presented in this paper of REXR show that it is necessary to incorporate refraction and attenuation of x rays along with the appropriate opacity and refractive-index tables to interpret experimental images. Simulated REXR shows good agreement with an experiment done on the OMEGA laser facility to image a shock wave. REXR can be applied to design multiple-picket pulses with a better understanding of the shock locations. This will be beneficial to obtain the required adiabats for inertial confinement fusion implosions.

Published
2019
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3. Analysis of trends in experimental observables and reconstruction of the implosion dynamics for direct-drive cryogenic targets on OMEGA

Author

Bose, A., Betti, R., Mangino, D., Woo, K. M., Patel, D., Christopherson, A. R., Gopalaswamy, V., Mannion, O. M., Regan, S. P., Goncharov, V. N., Edgell, D. H., Forrest, C. J., Frenje, J. A., Johnson, M. Gatu, Glebov, V. Yu, Igumenshchev, I. V., Knauer, J. P., Marshall, F. J., Radha, P. B., Shah, R., Stoeckl, C., Theobald, W., Sangster, T. C., Shvarts, D., and Campbell, E. M.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

This paper describes a technique for identifying trends in performance degradation for inertial confinement fusion implosion experiments. It is based on reconstruction of the implosion core with a combination of low- and mid-mode asymmetries. This technique was applied to an ensemble of hydro-equivalent deuterium-tritium implosions on OMEGA that achieved inferred hot-spot pressures ~56+/-7 Gbar [S. Regan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 025001 (2016)]. All the experimental observables pertaining to the core could be reconstructed simultaneously with the same combination of low and mid modes. This suggests that in addition to low modes, that can cause a degradation of the stagnation pressure, mid modes are present that reduce the size of the neuron and x-ray producing volume. The systematic analysis shows that asymmetries can cause an overestimation of the total areal density in these implosions. It is also found that an improvement in implosion symmetry resulting from correction of either the systematic mid or low modes would result in an increase of the hot-spot pressure from 56 Gbar to ~80 Gbar and could produce a burning plasma when the implosion core is extrapolated to an equivalent 1.9 MJ symmetric direct illumination [A. Bose et al., Phys. Rev. E 94, 011201(R) (2016)].

Published
2018
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4. Tripled yield in direct-drive laser fusion through statistical modelling

Author

Gopalaswamy, V., Betti, R., Knauer, J. P., Luciani, N., Patel, D., Woo, K. M., Bose, A., Igumenshchev, I. V., Campbell, E. M., Anderson, K. S., Bauer, K. A., Bonino, M. J., Cao, D., Christopherson, A. R., Collins, G. W., Collins, T. J. B., Davies, J. R., Delettrez, J. A., Edgell, D. H., Epstein, R., Forrest, C. J., Froula, D. H., Glebov, V. Y., Goncharov, V. N., Harding, D. R., Hu, S. X., Jacobs-Perkins, D. W., Janezic, R. T., Kelly, J. H., Mannion, O. M., Maximov, A., Marshall, F. J., Michel, D. T., Miller, S., Morse, S. F. B., Palastro, J., Peebles, J., Radha, P. B., Regan, S. P., Sampat, S., Sangster, T. C., Sefkow, A. B., Seka, W., Shah, R. C., Shmyada, W. T., Shvydky, A., Stoeckl, C., Solodov, A. A., Theobald, W., Zuegel, J. D., Johnson, M. Gatu, Petrasso, R. D., Li, C. K., and Frenje, J. A.

Published
2019
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5. Overview of recent experimental results from the DIII-D advanced tokamak programme

Author

Allen, SL, Anderson, PM, Austin, ME, Baggest, DS, Baity, W, Baker, DR, Baldwin, DE, Barber, G, Bastasz, R, Baxi, CB, Baylor, L, Bernabei, S, Bialek, J, Boedo, JA, Bogatu, IN, Bondeson, A, Bozek, AS, Bravenec, R, Bray, BD, Brennan, D, Broeseh, JD, Brooks, NH, Burrell, KH, Burrus, J, Callen, J, Callis, RW, Candy, J, Carlstrom, TN, Carolipio, E, Carreras, B, Cary, WP, Casper, TA, Chan, VS, Chance, M, Chen, L, Chin, E, Chiu, HK, Chiu, SC, Chu, M, Colchin, RJ, Combs, S, Comer, K, Davis, W, DeBoo, JC, DeGrassie, JS, Delaware, S, Deranian, R, Doane, JL, Doyle, EJ, Edgell, D, Ellis, R, Ernst, D, Evans, TE, Feder, R, Fenstermacher, ME, Fenzi, C, Ferron, JR, Finkenthal, D, Fonck, R, Fredrickson, E, Freeman, J, Friend, M, Fuchs, C, Galkin, S, Garofalo, A, Garstka, G, Giruzzi, G, Gohil, P, Gootgeld, AA, Gorelov, I, Grantham, N, Gray, D, Gryaznevieh, M, Greene, JM, Greene, KL, Greenfield, CM, Greenough, N, Groebner, RJ, Guenter, S, Hahm, TS, Hansink, MJ, Harris, TE, Harvey, RW, Hatae, T, Hegna, C, Heidbrink, WW, Hinton, FL, Hogan, J, Hollman, E, Holtrop, KL, Hong, RM, Hosea, J, Houlberg, W, Hsieh, CL, Humphreys, DA, Hyatt, AW, Ikezi, H, and Isayama, A

Subjects
Fluids & Plasmas, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

The goals of DIII-D advanced tokamak (AT) experiments are investigation and optimization of the upper limits of energy confinement and MHD stability in a tokamak plasma, and simultaneous maximization of the fraction of non-inductive current drive. Significant overall progress has been made in the past two years, as the performance figure of merit βNH89P of 9 has been achieved in ELMing H mode for over 16τE without sawteeth. The tokamak was also operated at βNH ≈ 7 for over 35τE or 3τR, with the duration limited by the hardware. Real time feedback control of β (at 95% of the stability boundary), optimizing the plasma shape (e.g., δ, divertor strike and X points, double/single null balance) and particle control (ne/nGW ≈ 0.3, Zeff < 2.0) were necessary for the long pulse results. A new quiescent double barrier (QDB) regime with simultaneous inner and edge transport barriers and no ELMs has been discovered with a βNH89P of 7. The QDB regime has been obtained to date only with counter NBI. Further modification and control of internal transport barriers (ITBs) has also been demonstrated with impurity injection (broader barrier), pellets and ECH (strong electron barrier). The new Divertor-2000, a key ingredient in all these discharges, provides effective density, impurity and heat flux control in the high triangularity plasma shapes. Discharges at ne/nGW ≈ 1.4 have been obtained with gas puffing by maintaining the edge pedestal pressure; this operation is easier with Divertor-2000. We are developing several other tools required for AT operation, including real time feedback control of resistive wall modes with external coils and control of neoclassical tearing modes with ECCD.

Published
2001

6. Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment

Author

Abu-Shawareb, H, Acree, R, Adams, P, Adams, J, Addis, B, Aden, R, Adrian, P, Afeyan, BB, Aggleton, M, Aghaian, L, Aguirre, A, Aikens, D, Akre, J, Albert, F, Albrecht, M, Albright, BJ, Albritton, J, Alcala, J, Alday, C, Alessi, DA, Alexander, N, Alfonso, J, Alfonso, N, Alger, E, Ali, SJ, Ali, ZA, Alley, WE, Amala, P, Amendt, PA, Amick, P, Ammula, S, Amorin, C, Ampleford, DJ, Anderson, RW, Anklam, T, Antipa, N, Appelbe, B, Aracne-Ruddle, C, Araya, E, Arend, M, Arnold, P, Arnold, T, Asay, J, Atherton, LJ, Atkinson, D, Atkinson, R, Auerbach, JM, Austin, B, Auyang, L, Awwal, AS, Ayers, J, Ayers, S, Ayers, T, Azevedo, S, Bachmann, B, Back, CA, Bae, J, Bailey, DS, Bailey, J, Baisden, T, Baker, KL, Baldis, H, Barber, D, Barberis, M, Barker, D, Barnes, A, Barnes, CW, Barrios, MA, Barty, C, Bass, I, Batha, SH, Baxamusa, SH, Bazan, G, Beagle, JK, Beale, R, Beck, BR, Beck, JB, Bedzyk, M, Beeler, RG, Behrendt, W, Belk, L, Bell, P, Belyaev, M, Benage, JF, Bennett, G, Benedetti, LR, Benedict, LX, Berger, R, Bernat, T, Bernstein, LA, Berry, B, Bertolini, L, Besenbruch, G, Betcher, J, Bettenhausen, R, Betti, R, Bezzerides, B, Bhandarkar, SD, Bickel, R, Biener, J, Biesiada, T, Bigelow, K, Bigelow-Granillo, J, Bigman, V, Bionta, RM, Birge, NW, Bitter, M, Black, AC, Bleile, R, Bleuel, DL, Bliss, E, Blue, B, Boehly, T, Boehm, K, Boley, CD, Bonanno, R, Bond, EJ, Bond, T, Bonino, MJ, Borden, M, Bourgade, J-L, Bousquet, J, Bowers, J, Bowers, M, Boyd, R, Bozek, A, Bradley, DK, Bradley, KS, Bradley, PA, Bradley, L, Brannon, L, Brantley, PS, Braun, D, Braun, T, Brienza-Larsen, K, Briggs, TM, Britten, J, Brooks, ED, Browning, D, Bruhn, MW, Brunner, TA, Bruns, H, Brunton, G, Bryant, B, Buczek, T, Bude, J, Buitano, L, Burkhart, S, Burmark, J, Burnham, A, Burr, R, Busby, LE, Butlin, B, Cabeltis, R, Cable, M, Cabot, WH, Cagadas, B, Caggiano, J, Cahayag, R, Caldwell, SE, Calkins, S, Callahan, DA, Calleja-Aguirre, J, Camara, L, Camp, D, Campbell, EM, Campbell, JH, Carey, B, Carey, R, Carlisle, K, Carlson, L, Carman, L, Carmichael, J, Carpenter, A, Carr, C, Carrera, JA, Casavant, D, Casey, A, Casey, DT, Castillo, A, Castillo, E, Castor, JI, Castro, C, Caughey, W, Cavitt, R, Celeste, J, Celliers, PM, Cerjan, C, Chandler, G, Chang, B, Chang, C, Chang, J, Chang, L, Chapman, R, Chapman, T, Chase, L, Chen, H, Chen, K, Chen, L-Y, Cheng, B, Chittenden, J, Choate, C, Chou, J, Chrien, RE, Chrisp, M, Christensen, K, Christensen, M, Christopherson, AR, Chung, M, Church, JA, Clark, A, Clark, DS, Clark, K, Clark, R, Claus, L, Cline, B, Cline, JA, Cobble, JA, Cochrane, K, Cohen, B, Cohen, S, Collette, MR, Collins, G, Collins, LA, Collins, TJB, Conder, A, Conrad, B, Conyers, M, Cook, AW, Cook, D, Cook, R, Cooley, JC, Cooper, G, Cope, T, Copeland, SR, Coppari, F, Cortez, J, Cox, J, Crandall, DH, Crane, J, Craxton, RS, Cray, M, Crilly, A, Crippen, JW, Cross, D, Cuneo, M, Cuotts, G, Czajka, CE, Czechowicz, D, Daly, T, Danforth, P, Darbee, R, Darlington, B, Datte, P, Dauffy, L, Davalos, G, Davidovits, S, Davis, P, Davis, J, Dawson, S, Day, RD, Day, TH, Dayton, M, Deck, C, Decker, C, Deeney, C, DeFriend, KA, Deis, G, Delamater, ND, Delettrez, JA, Demaret, R, Demos, S, Dempsey, SM, Desjardin, R, Desjardins, T, Desjarlais, MP, Dewald, EL, DeYoreo, J, Diaz, S, Dimonte, G, Dittrich, TR, Divol, L, Dixit, SN, Dixon, J, Dodd, ES, Dolan, D, Donovan, A, Donovan, M, Döppner, T, Dorrer, C, Dorsano, N, Douglas, MR, Dow, D, Downie, J, Downing, E, Dozieres, M, Draggoo, V, Drake, D, Drake, RP, Drake, T, Dreifuerst, G, DuBois, DF, DuBois, PF, Dunham, G, Dylla-Spears, R, Dymoke-Bradshaw, AKL, Dzenitis, B, Ebbers, C, Eckart, M, Eddinger, S, Eder, D, Edgell, D, Edwards, MJ, Efthimion, P, Eggert, JH, Ehrlich, B, Ehrmann, P, Elhadj, S, Ellerbee, C, Elliott, NS, Ellison, CL, Elsner, F, Emerich, M, Engelhorn, K, England, T, English, E, Epperson, P, Epstein, R, Erbert, G, Erickson, MA, Erskine, DJ, Erlandson, A, Espinosa, RJ, Estes, C, Estabrook, KG, Evans, S, Fabyan, A, Fair, J, Fallejo, R, Farmer, N, Farmer, WA, Farrell, M, Fatherley, VE, Fedorov, M, Feigenbaum, E, Feit, M, Ferguson, W, Fernandez, JC, Fernandez-Panella, A, Fess, S, Field, JE, Filip, CV, Fincke, JR, Finn, T, Finnegan, SM, Finucane, RG, Fischer, M, Fisher, A, Fisher, J, Fishler, B, Fittinghoff, D, Fitzsimmons, P, Flegel, M, Flippo, KA, Florio, J, Folta, J, Folta, P, Foreman, LR, Forrest, C, Forsman, A, Fooks, J, Foord, M, Fortner, R, Fournier, K, Fratanduono, DE, Frazier, N, Frazier, T, Frederick, C, Freeman, MS, Frenje, J, Frey, D, Frieders, G, Friedrich, S, Froula, DH, Fry, J, Fuller, T, Gaffney, J, Gales, S, Le Galloudec, B, Le Galloudec, KK, Gambhir, A, Gao, L, Garbett, WJ, Garcia, A, Gates, C, Gaut, E, Gauthier, P, Gavin, Z, Gaylord, J, Geissel, M, Génin, F, Georgeson, J, Geppert-Kleinrath, H, Geppert-Kleinrath, V, Gharibyan, N, Gibson, J, Gibson, C, Giraldez, E, Glebov, V, Glendinning, SG, Glenn, S, Glenzer, SH, Goade, S, Gobby, PL, Goldman, SR, Golick, B, Gomez, M, Goncharov, V, Goodin, D, Grabowski, P, Grafil, E, Graham, P, Grandy, J, Grasz, E, Graziani, F, Greenman, G, Greenough, JA, Greenwood, A, Gregori, G, Green, T, Griego, JR, Grim, GP, Grondalski, J, Gross, S, Guckian, J, Guler, N, Gunney, B, Guss, G, Haan, S, Hackbarth, J, Hackel, L, Hackel, R, Haefner, C, Hagmann, C, Hahn, KD, Hahn, S, Haid, BJ, Haines, BM, Hall, BM, Hall, C, Hall, GN, Hamamoto, M, Hamel, S, Hamilton, CE, Hammel, BA, Hammer, JH, Hampton, G, Hamza, A, Handler, A, Hansen, S, Hanson, D, Haque, R, Harding, D, Harding, E, Hares, JD, Harris, DB, Harte, JA, Hartouni, EP, Hatarik, R, Hatchett, S, Hauer, AA, Havre, M, Hawley, R, Hayes, J, Hayes, S, Hayes-Sterbenz, A, Haynam, CA, Haynes, DA, Headley, D, Heal, A, Heebner, JE, Heerey, S, Heestand, GM, Heeter, R, Hein, N, Heinbockel, C, Hendricks, C, Henesian, M, Heninger, J, Henrikson, J, Henry, EA, Herbold, EB, Hermann, MR, Hermes, G, Hernandez, JE, Hernandez, VJ, Herrmann, MC, Herrmann, HW, Herrera, OD, Hewett, D, Hibbard, R, Hicks, DG, Hill, D, Hill, K, Hilsabeck, T, Hinkel, DE, Ho, DD, Ho, VK, Hoffer, JK, Hoffman, NM, Hohenberger, M, Hohensee, M, Hoke, W, Holdener, D, Holdener, F, Holder, JP, Holko, B, Holunga, D, Holzrichter, JF, Honig, J, Hoover, D, Hopkins, D, Berzak Hopkins, L, Hoppe, M, Hoppe, ML, Horner, J, Hornung, R, Horsfield, CJ, Horvath, J, Hotaling, D, House, R, Howell, L, Hsing, WW, Hu, SX, Huang, H, Huckins, J, Hui, H, Humbird, KD, Hund, J, Hunt, J, Hurricane, OA, Hutton, M, Huynh, KH-K, Inandan, L, Iglesias, C, Igumenshchev, IV, Izumi, N, Jackson, M, Jackson, J, Jacobs, SD, James, G, Jancaitis, K, Jarboe, J, Jarrott, LC, Jasion, D, Jaquez, J, Jeet, J, Jenei, AE, Jensen, J, Jimenez, J, Jimenez, R, Jobe, D, Johal, Z, Johns, HM, Johnson, D, Johnson, MA, Gatu Johnson, M, Johnson, RJ, Johnson, S, Johnson, SA, Johnson, T, Jones, K, Jones, O, Jones, M, Jorge, R, Jorgenson, HJ, Julian, M, Jun, BI, Jungquist, R, Kaae, J, Kabadi, N, Kaczala, D, Kalantar, D, Kangas, K, Karasiev, VV, Karasik, M, Karpenko, V, Kasarky, A, Kasper, K, Kauffman, R, Kaufman, MI, Keane, C, Keaty, L, Kegelmeyer, L, Keiter, PA, Kellett, PA, Kellogg, J, Kelly, JH, Kemic, S, Kemp, AJ, Kemp, GE, Kerbel, GD, Kershaw, D, Kerr, SM, Kessler, TJ, Key, MH, Khan, SF, Khater, H, Kiikka, C, Kilkenny, J, Kim, Y, Kim, Y-J, Kimko, J, Kimmel, M, Kindel, JM, King, J, Kirkwood, RK, Klaus, L, Klem, D, Kline, JL, Klingmann, J, Kluth, G, Knapp, P, Knauer, J, Knipping, J, Knudson, M, Kobs, D, Koch, J, Kohut, T, Kong, C, Koning, JM, Koning, P, Konior, S, Kornblum, H, Kot, LB, Kozioziemski, B, Kozlowski, M, Kozlowski, PM, Krammen, J, Krasheninnikova, NS, Kraus, B, Krauser, W, Kress, JD, Kritcher, AL, Krieger, E, Kroll, JJ, Kruer, WL, Kruse, MKG, Kucheyev, S, Kumbera, M, Kumpan, S, Kunimune, J, Kustowski, B, Kwan, TJT, Kyrala, GA, Laffite, S, Lafon, M, LaFortune, K, Lahmann, B, Lairson, B, Landen, OL, Langenbrunner, J, Lagin, L, Land, T, Lane, M, Laney, D, Langdon, AB, Langer, SH, Langro, A, Lanier, NE, Lanier, TE, Larson, D, Lasinski, BF, Lassle, D, LaTray, D, Lau, G, Lau, N, Laumann, C, Laurence, A, Laurence, TA, Lawson, J, Le, HP, Leach, RR, Leal, L, Leatherland, A, LeChien, K, Lechleiter, B, Lee, A, Lee, M, Lee, T, Leeper, RJ, Lefebvre, E, Leidinger, J-P, LeMire, B, Lemke, RW, Lemos, NC, Le Pape, S, Lerche, R, Lerner, S, Letts, S, Levedahl, K, Lewis, T, Li, CK, Li, H, Li, J, Liao, W, Liao, ZM, Liedahl, D, Liebman, J, Lindford, G, Lindman, EL, Lindl, JD, Loey, H, London, RA, Long, F, Loomis, EN, Lopez, FE, Lopez, H, Losbanos, E, Loucks, S, Lowe-Webb, R, Lundgren, E, Ludwigsen, AP, Luo, R, Lusk, J, Lyons, R, Ma, T, Macallop, Y, MacDonald, MJ, MacGowan, BJ, Mack, JM, Mackinnon, AJ, MacLaren, SA, MacPhee, AG, Magelssen, GR, Magoon, J, Malone, RM, Malsbury, T, Managan, R, Mancini, R, Manes, K, Maney, D, Manha, D, Mannion, OM, Manuel, AM, Mapoles, E, Mara, G, Marcotte, T, Marin, E, Marinak, MM, Mariscal, C, Mariscal, DA, Mariscal, EF, Marley, EV, Marozas, JA, Marquez, R, Marshall, CD, Marshall, FJ, Marshall, M, Marshall, S, Marticorena, J, Martinez, D, Maslennikov, I, Mason, D, Mason, RJ, Masse, L, Massey, W, Masson-Laborde, P-E, Masters, ND, Mathisen, D, Mathison, E, Matone, J, Matthews, MJ, Mattoon, C, Mattsson, TR, Matzen, K, Mauche, CW, Mauldin, M, McAbee, T, McBurney, M, Mccarville, T, McCrory, RL, McEvoy, AM, McGuffey, C, Mcinnis, M, McKenty, P, McKinley, MS, McLeod, JB, McPherson, A, Mcquillan, B, Meamber, M, Meaney, KD, Meezan, NB, Meissner, R, Mehlhorn, TA, Mehta, NC, Menapace, J, Merrill, FE, Merritt, BT, Merritt, EC, Meyerhofer, DD, Mezyk, S, Mich, RJ, Michel, PA, Milam, D, Miller, C, Miller, D, Miller, DS, Miller, E, Miller, EK, Miller, J, Miller, M, Miller, PE, Miller, T, Miller, W, Miller-Kamm, V, Millot, M, Milovich, JL, Minner, P, Miquel, J-L, Mitchell, S, Molvig, K, Montesanti, RC, Montgomery, DS, Monticelli, M, Montoya, A, Moody, JD, Moore, AS, Moore, E, Moran, M, Moreno, JC, Moreno, K, Morgan, BE, Morrow, T, Morton, JW, Moses, E, Moy, K, Muir, R, Murillo, MS, Murray, JE, Murray, JR, Munro, DH, Murphy, TJ, Munteanu, FM, Nafziger, J, Nagayama, T, Nagel, SR, Nast, R, Negres, RA, Nelson, A, Nelson, D, Nelson, J, Nelson, S, Nemethy, S, Neumayer, P, Newman, K, Newton, M, Nguyen, H, Di Nicola, J-MG, Di Nicola, P, Niemann, C, Nikroo, A, Nilson, PM, Nobile, A, Noorai, V, Nora, R, Norton, M, Nostrand, M, Note, V, Novell, S, Nowak, PF, Nunez, A, Nyholm, RA, O'Brien, M, Oceguera, A, Oertel, JA, Okui, J, Olejniczak, B, Oliveira, J, Olsen, P, Olson, B, Olson, K, Olson, RE, Opachich, YP, Orsi, N, Orth, CD, Owen, M, Padalino, S, Padilla, E, Paguio, R, Paguio, S, Paisner, J, Pajoom, S, Pak, A, Palaniyappan, S, Palma, K, Pannell, T, Papp, F, Paras, D, Parham, T, Park, H-S, Pasternak, A, Patankar, S, Patel, MV, Patel, PK, Patterson, R, Patterson, S, Paul, B, Paul, M, Pauli, E, Pearce, OT, Pearcy, J, Pedrotti, B, Peer, A, Pelz, LJ, Penetrante, B, Penner, J, Perez, A, Perkins, LJ, Pernice, E, Perry, TS, Person, S, Petersen, D, Petersen, T, Peterson, DL, Peterson, EB, Peterson, JE, Peterson, JL, Peterson, K, Peterson, RR, Petrasso, RD, Philippe, F, Phipps, TJ, Piceno, E, Ping, Y, Pickworth, L, Pino, J, Plummer, R, Pollack, GD, Pollaine, SM, Pollock, BB, Ponce, D, Ponce, J, Pontelandolfo, J, Porter, JL, Post, J, Poujade, O, Powell, C, Powell, H, Power, G, Pozulp, M, Prantil, M, Prasad, M, Pratuch, S, Price, S, Primdahl, K, Prisbrey, S, Procassini, R, Pruyne, A, Pudliner, B, Qiu, SR, Quan, K, Quinn, M, Quintenz, J, Radha, PB, Rainer, F, Ralph, JE, Raman, KS, Raman, R, Rambo, P, Rana, S, Randewich, A, Rardin, D, Ratledge, M, Ravelo, N, Ravizza, F, Rayce, M, Raymond, A, Raymond, B, Reed, B, Reed, C, Regan, S, Reichelt, B, Reis, V, Reisdorf, S, Rekow, V, Remington, BA, Rendon, A, Requieron, W, Rever, M, Reynolds, H, Reynolds, J, Rhodes, J, Rhodes, M, Richardson, MC, Rice, B, Rice, NG, Rieben, R, Rigatti, A, Riggs, S, Rinderknecht, HG, Ring, K, Riordan, B, Riquier, R, Rivers, C, Roberts, D, Roberts, V, Robertson, G, Robey, HF, Robles, J, Rocha, P, Rochau, G, Rodriguez, J, Rodriguez, S, Rosen, M, Rosenberg, M, Ross, G, Ross, JS, Ross, P, Rouse, J, Rovang, D, Rubenchik, AM, Rubery, MS, Ruiz, CL, Rushford, M, Russ, B, Rygg, JR, Ryujin, BS, Sacks, RA, Sacks, RF, Saito, K, Salmon, T, Salmonson, JD, Sanchez, J, Samuelson, S, Sanchez, M, Sangster, C, Saroyan, A, Sater, J, Satsangi, A, Sauers, S, Saunders, R, Sauppe, JP, Sawicki, R, Sayre, D, Scanlan, M, Schaffers, K, Schappert, GT, Schiaffino, S, Schlossberg, DJ, Schmidt, DW, Schmitt, MJ, Schneider, DHG, Schneider, MB, Schneider, R, Schoff, M, Schollmeier, M, Schölmerich, M, Schroeder, CR, Schrauth, SE, Scott, HA, Scott, I, Scott, JM, Scott, RHH, Scullard, CR, Sedillo, T, Seguin, FH, Seka, W, Senecal, J, Sepke, SM, Seppala, L, Sequoia, K, Severyn, J, Sevier, JM, Sewell, N, Seznec, S, Shah, RC, Shamlian, J, Shaughnessy, D, Shaw, M, Shaw, R, Shearer, C, Shelton, R, Shen, N, Sherlock, MW, Shestakov, AI, Shi, EL, Shin, SJ, Shingleton, N, Shmayda, W, Shor, M, Shoup, M, Shuldberg, C, Siegel, L, Silva, FJ, Simakov, AN, Sims, BT, Sinars, D, Singh, P, Sio, H, Skulina, K, Skupsky, S, Slutz, S, Sluyter, M, Smalyuk, VA, Smauley, D, Smeltser, RM, Smith, C, Smith, I, Smith, J, Smith, L, Smith, R, Sohn, R, Sommer, S, Sorce, C, Sorem, M, Soures, JM, Spaeth, ML, Spears, BK, Speas, S, Speck, D, Speck, R, Spears, J, Spinka, T, Springer, PT, Stadermann, M, Stahl, B, Stahoviak, J, Stanton, LG, Steele, R, Steele, W, Steinman, D, Stemke, R, Stephens, R, Sterbenz, S, Sterne, P, Stevens, D, Stevers, J, Still, CB, Stoeckl, C, Stoeffl, W, Stolken, JS, Stolz, C, Storm, E, Stone, G, Stoupin, S, Stout, E, Stowers, I, Strauser, R, Streckart, H, Streit, J, Strozzi, DJ, Suratwala, T, Sutcliffe, G, Suter, LJ, Sutton, SB, Svidzinski, V, Swadling, G, Sweet, W, Szoke, A, Tabak, M, Takagi, M, Tambazidis, A, Tang, V, Taranowski, M, Taylor, LA, Telford, S, Theobald, W, Thi, M, Thomas, A, Thomas, CA, Thomas, I, Thomas, R, Thompson, IJ, Thongstisubskul, A, Thorsness, CB, Tietbohl, G, Tipton, RE, Tobin, M, Tomlin, N, Tommasini, R, Toreja, AJ, Torres, J, Town, RPJ, Townsend, S, Trenholme, J, Trivelpiece, A, Trosseille, C, Truax, H, Trummer, D, Trummer, S, Truong, T, Tubbs, D, Tubman, ER, Tunnell, T, Turnbull, D, Turner, RE, Ulitsky, M, Upadhye, R, Vaher, JL, VanArsdall, P, VanBlarcom, D, Vandenboomgaerde, M, VanQuinlan, R, Van Wonterghem, BM, Varnum, WS, Velikovich, AL, Vella, A, Verdon, CP, Vermillion, B, Vernon, S, Vesey, R, Vickers, J, Vignes, RM, Visosky, M, Vocke, J, Volegov, PL, Vonhof, S, Von Rotz, R, Vu, HX, Vu, M, Wall, D, Wall, J, Wallace, R, Wallin, B, Walmer, D, Walsh, CA, Walters, CF, Waltz, C, Wan, A, Wang, A, Wang, Y, Wark, JS, Warner, BE, Watson, J, Watt, RG, Watts, P, Weaver, J, Weaver, RP, Weaver, S, Weber, CR, Weber, P, Weber, SV, Wegner, P, Welday, B, Welser-Sherrill, L, Weiss, K, Widmann, K, Wheeler, GF, Whistler, W, White, RK, Whitley, HD, Whitman, P, Wickett, ME, Widmayer, C, Wiedwald, J, Wilcox, R, Wilcox, S, Wild, C, Wilde, BH, Wilde, CH, Wilhelmsen, K, Wilke, MD, Wilkens, H, Wilkins, P, Wilks, SC, Williams, EA, Williams, GJ, Williams, W, Williams, WH, Wilson, DC, Wilson, B, Wilson, E, Wilson, R, Winters, S, Wisoff, J, Wittman, M, Wolfe, J, Wong, A, Wong, KW, Wong, L, Wong, N, Wood, R, Woodhouse, D, Woodruff, J, Woods, DT, Woods, S, Woodworth, BN, Wooten, E, Wootton, A, Work, K, Workman, JB, Wright, J, Wu, M, Wuest, C, Wysocki, FJ, Xu, H, Yamaguchi, M, Yang, B, Yang, ST, Yatabe, J, Yeamans, CB, Yee, BC, Yi, SA, Yin, L, Young, B, Young, CS, Young, CV, Young, P, Youngblood, K, Zacharias, R, Zagaris, G, Zaitseva, N, Zaka, F, Ze, F, Zeiger, B, Zika, M, Zimmerman, GB, Zobrist, T, Zuegel, JD, Zylstra, AB, Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration, Collaboration, Indirect Drive ICF, AWE Plc, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and U.S Department of Energy

Subjects
General Physics, 02 Physical Sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration, 01 Mathematical Sciences, 09 Engineering
Abstract

For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion.

Published
2022

9. Polar drive on OMEGA

Author

Radha P.B., Marshall F.J., Boehly T.R., Collins T.J.B., Craxton R.S., Edgell D., Epstein R., Frenje J., Goncharov V.N., Marozas J.A., McCrory R.L., McKenty P.W., Meyerhofer D.D., Petrasso R.D., Sangster T.C., Shvydky A., and Skupsky S.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

High-convergence polar-drive experiments are being conducted on OMEGA [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commum. 133, 495 (1997)] using triple-picket laser pulses. The goal of OMEGA experiments is to validate modeling of oblique laser deposition, heat conduction in the presence of nonradial thermal gradients in the corona, and implosion energetics in the presence of laser–plasma interactions such as crossed-beam energy transfer. Simulated shock velocities near the equator, where the beams are obliquely incident, are within 5% of experimentally inferred values in warm plastic shells, well within the required accuracy for ignition. High, near-one-dimensional areal density is obtained in warm-plastic-shell implosions. Simulated backlit images of the compressing core are in good agreement with measured images. Outstanding questions that will be addressed in the future relate to the role of cross-beam transfer in polar drive irradiation and increasing the energy coupled into the target by decreasing beam obliquity.

Published
2013
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10. Demonstration of Fuel Hot-Spot Pressure in Excess of 50 Gbar for Direct-Drive, Layered Deuterium-Tritium Implosions on OMEGA

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Petrasso, Richard D, Regan, S. P., Goncharov, V. N., Igumenshchev, I. V., Sangster, T. C., Betti, R., Bose, A., Boehly, T. R., Bonino, M. J., Campbell, E. M., Cao, D., Collins, T. J. B., Craxton, R. S., Davis, A. K., Delettrez, J. A., Edgell, D. H., Epstein, R., Forrest, C. J., Frenje, J. A., Froula, D. H., Gatu Johnson, M., Glebov, V. Yu., Harding, D. R., Hohenberger, M., Hu, S. X., Jacobs-Perkins, D., Janezic, R., Karasik, M., Keck, R. L., Kelly, J. H., Kessler, T. J., Knauer, J. P., Kosc, T. Z., Loucks, S. J., Marozas, J. A., Marshall, F. J., McCrory, R. L., McKenty, P. W., Meyerhofer, D. D., Michel, D. T., Myatt, J. F., Obenschain, S. P., Radha, P. B., Rice, B., Rosenberg, M. J., Schmitt, A. J., Schmitt, M. J., Seka, W., Shmayda, W. T., Shoup, M. J., Shvydky, A., Skupsky, S., Solodov, A. A., Stoeckl, C., Theobald, W., Ulreich, J., Wittman, M. D., Woo, K. M., Yaakobi, B., Zuegel, J. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Petrasso, Richard D, Regan, S. P., Goncharov, V. N., Igumenshchev, I. V., Sangster, T. C., Betti, R., Bose, A., Boehly, T. R., Bonino, M. J., Campbell, E. M., Cao, D., Collins, T. J. B., Craxton, R. S., Davis, A. K., Delettrez, J. A., Edgell, D. H., Epstein, R., Forrest, C. J., Frenje, J. A., Froula, D. H., Gatu Johnson, M., Glebov, V. Yu., Harding, D. R., Hohenberger, M., Hu, S. X., Jacobs-Perkins, D., Janezic, R., Karasik, M., Keck, R. L., Kelly, J. H., Kessler, T. J., Knauer, J. P., Kosc, T. Z., Loucks, S. J., Marozas, J. A., Marshall, F. J., McCrory, R. L., McKenty, P. W., Meyerhofer, D. D., Michel, D. T., Myatt, J. F., Obenschain, S. P., Radha, P. B., Rice, B., Rosenberg, M. J., Schmitt, A. J., Schmitt, M. J., Seka, W., Shmayda, W. T., Shoup, M. J., Shvydky, A., Skupsky, S., Solodov, A. A., Stoeckl, C., Theobald, W., Ulreich, J., Wittman, M. D., Woo, K. M., Yaakobi, B., and Zuegel, J. D.

Abstract

A record fuel hot-spot pressure P[subscript hs] = 56±7 Gbar was inferred from x-ray and nuclear diagnostics for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion cryogenic, layered deuterium–tritium implosions on the 60-beam, 30-kJ, 351-nm OMEGA Laser System. When hydrodynamically scaled to the energy of the National Ignition Facility, these implosions achieved a Lawson parameter ∼60% of the value required for ignition [A. Bose et al., Phys. Rev. E 93, LM15119ER (2016)], similar to indirect-drive implosions [R. Betti et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 255003 (2015)], and nearly half of the direct-drive ignition-threshold pressure. Relative to symmetric, one-dimensional simulations, the inferred hot-spot pressure is approximately 40% lower. Three-dimensional simulations suggest that low-mode distortion of the hot spot seeded by laser-drive nonuniformity and target-positioning error reduces target performance., United States. Department of Energy (DE-NA0001944)

Published
2017

11. Polar-direct-drive experiments at the National Ignition Facility

Author

Radha, P B, primary, Hohenberger, M, additional, Marshall, F J, additional, Michel, D T, additional, Bates, J, additional, Boehly, T R, additional, Collins, T J B, additional, Craxton, R S, additional, Delettrez, J A, additional, Dixit, S N, additional, Edgell, D H, additional, Frenje, J A, additional, Froula, D H, additional, Goncharov, V N, additional, Hu, S X, additional, Karasik, M, additional, Knauer, J P, additional, LePape, S, additional, Marozas, J A, additional, McCrory, R L, additional, McKenty, P W, additional, Meyerhofer, D. D., additional, Myatt, J F, additional, Obenschein, S, additional, Petrasso, R D, additional, Regan, S P, additional, Rosenberg, M J, additional, Sangster, T C, additional, Seka, W, additional, Shvydky, A, additional, Sio, H, additional, Skupsky, S, additional, and Zylstra, A, additional

Published
2016
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12. Demonstrating ignition hydrodynamic equivalence in direct-drive cryogenic implosions on OMEGA

Author

Goncharov, V N, primary, Regan, S P, additional, Sangster, T C, additional, Betti, R, additional, Boehly, T R, additional, Campbell, E M, additional, Delettrez, J A, additional, Edgell, D H, additional, Epstein, R, additional, Forrest, C J, additional, Froula, D H, additional, Glebov, V Yu, additional, Harding, D R, additional, Hu, S X, additional, Igumenshchev, I V, additional, Marshall, F J, additional, McCrory, R L, additional, Michel, D T, additional, Myatt, J F, additional, Radha, P B, additional, Seka, W, additional, Shvydky, A, additional, Stoeckl, C, additional, Theobald, W, additional, Yaakobi, B, additional, and Gatu-Johnson, M, additional

Published
2016
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14. Direct-drive implosion physics: Results from OMEGA and the National Ignition Facility

Author

Radha, P. B., primary, Goncharov, V. N., additional, Hohenberger, M., additional, Sangster, T. C., additional, Betti, R., additional, Craxton, R. S., additional, Edgell, D. H., additional, Epstein, R., additional, Froula, D. H., additional, Marozas, J. A., additional, Marshall, F. J., additional, McCrory, R. L., additional, McKenty, P. W., additional, Meyerhofer, D. D., additional, Michel, D. T., additional, Hu, S. X., additional, Seka, W., additional, Shvydky, A., additional, Skupsky, S., additional, Frenje, J. A., additional, Johnson, M. Gatu-, additional, Petrasso, R. D., additional, Ma, T., additional, Pape, S. Le, additional, and Mackinnon, A. J., additional

Published
2016
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15. Hydrodynamic instabilities and mix studies on NIF: predictions, observations, and a path forward

Author

Remington, B. A., primary, Atherton, L. J., additional, Benedetti, L. R., additional, Berzak-Hopkins, L., additional, Bradley, D. K., additional, Callahan, D. A., additional, Casey, D.T., additional, Celliers, P. M., additional, Cerjan, C. J., additional, Clark, D. S., additional, Dewald, E. L., additional, Dittrich, T. R., additional, Dixit, S. N., additional, Döppner, T., additional, Edgell, D. H., additional, Edwards, M. J., additional, Epstein, R., additional, Frenje, J., additional, Gatu-Johnson, M., additional, Glenn, S., additional, Glenzer, S. H., additional, Grim, G., additional, Haan, S. W., additional, Hammel, B. A., additional, Hamza, A., additional, Hicks, D., additional, Hsing, W. W., additional, Hurricane, O., additional, Izumi, N., additional, Jones, O. S., additional, Key, M. H., additional, Khan, S. F., additional, Kilkenny, J. D., additional, Kline, J. L., additional, Kyrala, G. A., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, Le Pape, S., additional, Lindl, J. D., additional, Ma, T., additional, MacGowan, B. J., additional, Mackinnon, A. J., additional, MacPhee, A. G., additional, Meezan, N. B., additional, Moody, J. D., additional, Moses, E. I., additional, Nikroo, A., additional, Pak, A., additional, Parham, T., additional, Park, H.-S., additional, Patel, P. K., additional, Petrasso, R., additional, Pino, J., additional, Ralph, J.E., additional, Raman, K., additional, Regan, S. P., additional, Robey, H. F., additional, Ross, J. S., additional, Spears, B. K., additional, Smalyuk, V. A., additional, Springer, P. T., additional, Suter, L. J., additional, Tipton, R., additional, Tommasini, R., additional, Town, R. P., additional, and Weber, S. V., additional

Published
2016
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16. Demonstration of High Performance in Layered Deuterium-Tritium Capsule Implosions in Uranium Hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Frenje, Johan A., Gatu Johnson, Maria, Doppner, T., Callahan, D. A., Hurricane, O. A., Hinkel, D. E., Ma, T., Park, H.-S., Berzak Hopkins, L. F., Casey, D. T., Celliers, P., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Haan, S. W., Kritcher, A. L., MacPhee, A. G., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Springer, P. T., Salmonson, J. D., Tommasini, R., Benedetti, L. R., Bond, E., Bradley, D. K., Caggiano, J., Church, J., Dixit, S., Edgell, D., Edwards, M. J., Fittinghoff, D. N., Grim, G., Hatarik, R., Havre, M., Herrmann, H., Izumi, N., Khan, S. F., Kline, J. L., Knauer, J., Kyrala, G. A., Landen, O. L., Merrill, F. E., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Nikroo, A., Ralph, J. E., Remington, B. A., Robey, H. F., Sayre, D., Schneider, M., Streckert, H., Town, R., Turnbull, D., Volegov, P. L., Wan, A., Widmann, K., Wilde, C. H., Yeamans, C., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Frenje, Johan A., Gatu Johnson, Maria, Doppner, T., Callahan, D. A., Hurricane, O. A., Hinkel, D. E., Ma, T., Park, H.-S., Berzak Hopkins, L. F., Casey, D. T., Celliers, P., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Haan, S. W., Kritcher, A. L., MacPhee, A. G., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Springer, P. T., Salmonson, J. D., Tommasini, R., Benedetti, L. R., Bond, E., Bradley, D. K., Caggiano, J., Church, J., Dixit, S., Edgell, D., Edwards, M. J., Fittinghoff, D. N., Grim, G., Hatarik, R., Havre, M., Herrmann, H., Izumi, N., Khan, S. F., Kline, J. L., Knauer, J., Kyrala, G. A., Landen, O. L., Merrill, F. E., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Nikroo, A., Ralph, J. E., Remington, B. A., Robey, H. F., Sayre, D., Schneider, M., Streckert, H., Town, R., Turnbull, D., Volegov, P. L., Wan, A., Widmann, K., Wilde, C. H., and Yeamans, C.

Abstract

We report on the first layered deuterium-tritium (DT) capsule implosions indirectly driven by a “high-foot” laser pulse that were fielded in depleted uranium hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility. Recently, high-foot implosions have demonstrated improved resistance to ablation-front Rayleigh-Taylor instability induced mixing of ablator material into the DT hot spot [Hurricane et al., Nature (London) 506, 343 (2014)]. Uranium hohlraums provide a higher albedo and thus an increased drive equivalent to an additional 25 TW laser power at the peak of the drive compared to standard gold hohlraums leading to higher implosion velocity. Additionally, we observe an improved hot-spot shape closer to round which indicates enhanced drive from the waist. In contrast to findings in the National Ignition Campaign, now all of our highest performing experiments have been done in uranium hohlraums and achieved total yields approaching 10[superscript 16] neutrons where more than 50% of the yield was due to additional heating of alpha particles stopping in the DT fuel., United States. Dept. of Energy (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344)

Published
2015

17. Progress in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion.

Author

McCrory, R. L., Meyerhofer, D. D., Betti, R., Boehly, T. R., Collins, T. J. B., Craxton, R. S., Delettrez, J. A., Edgell, D. H., Epstein, R., Froula, D. H., Glebov, V. Yu., Goncharov, V. N., Harding, D. R., S. X. Hu, Igumenshchev, I. V., Knauer, J. P., Loucks, S. J., Marozas, J. A., Marshall, F. J., and McKenty, P. W.

Subjects
INERTIAL confinement fusion, CRYOGENICS, ENERGY transfer, LASER beams, CONTROLLED fusion
Abstract

Significant progress has been made in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion research at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics since the 2009 IFSA Conference [R.L. McCrory et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244, 012004 (2010)]. Areal densities of 300mg/cm² have been measured in cryogenic target implosions with neutron yields 15%of 1-D predictions. A model of crossed-beam energy transfer has been developed to explain the observed scattered-light spectrum and laser-target coupling. Experiments show that its impact can be mitigated by changing the ratio of the laser beam to target diameter. Progress continues in the development of the polar-drive concept that will allow direct-drive-ignition experiments to be conducted on the National Ignition Facility using the indirect-drive-beam layout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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18. Inertial Confinement Fusion Using the OMEGA Laser System

Author

Radha, P B, primary, Betti, R, additional, Boehly, T R, additional, Delettrez, J A, additional, Edgell, D H, additional, Goncharov, V N, additional, Igumenshchev, I V, additional, Knauer, J P, additional, Marozas, J A, additional, Marshall, F J, additional, McCrory, R L, additional, Meyerhofer, D D, additional, Regan, S P, additional, Sangster, T C, additional, Seka, W, additional, Skupsky, S, additional, Solodov, A A, additional, Stoeckl, C, additional, Theobald, W, additional, Frenje, J A, additional, Casey, D T, additional, Li, C K, additional, and Petrasso, R D, additional

Published
2011
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19. Progress in cryogenic target implosions on OMEGA

Author

McCrory, R L, primary, Meyerhofer, D D, additional, Betti, R, additional, Boehly, T R, additional, Craxton, R S, additional, Delettrez, J A, additional, Edgell, D H, additional, Glebov, V Yu, additional, Goncharov, V N, additional, Harding, D R, additional, Hu, S X, additional, Knauer, J P, additional, Marshall, F J, additional, McKenty, P W, additional, Radha, P B, additional, Regan, S P, additional, Sangster, T C, additional, Seka, W, additional, Short, R W, additional, Shvarts, D, additional, Skupsky, S, additional, Smalyuk, V A, additional, Soures, J M, additional, Stoeckl, C, additional, Theobald, W, additional, Yaakobi, B, additional, Frenje, J A, additional, Li, C K, additional, Petrasso, R D, additional, Séguin, F H, additional, and Casey, D T, additional

Published
2010
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20. The role of fast-electron preheating in low-adiabat cryogenic implosions on OMEGA

Author

Shvarts, D, primary, Smalyuk, V A, additional, Betti, R, additional, Delettrez, J A, additional, Edgell, D H, additional, Glebov, V Y, additional, Goncharov, V N, additional, McCrory, R L, additional, McKenty, P W, additional, Meyerhofer, D D, additional, Marshall, F J, additional, Radha, P B, additional, Regan, S P, additional, Sangster, T C, additional, Seka, W, additional, Skupsky, S, additional, Stoeckl, C, additional, Yaakobi, B, additional, Frenje, J A, additional, Li, C K, additional, Petrasso, R D, additional, and Sěguin, F H, additional

Published
2008
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21. Cryogenic target-implosion experiments on OMEGA

Author

Harding, D R, primary, Meyerhofer, D D, additional, Sangster, T C, additional, Loucks, S J, additional, McCrory, R L, additional, Betti, R, additional, Delettrez, J A, additional, Edgell, D H, additional, Elasky, L M, additional, Epstein, R, additional, Glebov, V Y, additional, Goncharov, V N, additional, Hu, S X, additional, Igumenshchev, I V, additional, Jacobs-Perkins, D, additional, Janezic, R J, additional, Knauer, J P, additional, Lund, L D, additional, Marciante, J R, additional, Marshall, F J, additional, Maywar, D N, additional, McKenty, P W, additional, Radha, P B, additional, Regan, S P, additional, Roides, R G, additional, Seka, W, additional, Shmayda, W T, additional, Skupsky, S, additional, Smalyuk, V A, additional, Stoeckl, C, additional, Yaakobi, B, additional, Zuegel, J D, additional, Shvartz, D, additional, Frenje, J A, additional, Li, C K, additional, Petrasso, R D, additional, and Séguin, F H, additional

Published
2008
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30. Postwar Growth in New Castle County is Defined by Suburban Pattern.

Author

Swiatek W and Edgell D

Abstract

America's settlements have been carefully planned since colonial times. From the 1600s through the early 20th century our cities and towns were designed in compact, interconnected urban patterns modeled after the European cities known to early colonists. This settlement pattern is steeped in urban traditions that go back thousands of years and is very flexible and efficient. However, the rapid industrialization in the 19th century led to serious urban problems including pollution, poor sanitation, and abhorrent housing conditions for working class people. A new, uniquely American, form of development evolved in the early 20th century and greatly accelerated after World War II. This is known as the suburban pattern of development, which is characterized by the segregation of land uses, the dominance of single family detached housing, and nearly exclusive automobile access. While this development pattern has its benefits, and helped ease many of the problems of the previous era, it has created new social and health consequences. New Castle County's rapid growth since 1950 has followed, and even epitomized, this suburban pattern. Today's built environment in New Castle County (and indeed throughout the USA) has created several challenges for both planners and health professionals. These are beginning to be addressed in many creative ways to create modern, complete, and healthy communities.

Published
2018
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31. Extracorporeal life support after staged palliation of a functional single ventricle: subsequent morbidity and survival.

Author

Hoskote A, Bohn D, Gruenwald C, Edgell D, Cai S, Adatia I, and Van Arsdell G

Subjects
Advanced Cardiac Life Support, Critical Care, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Female, Heart Defects, Congenital mortality, Heart Ventricles abnormalities, Heart Ventricles surgery, Heart-Assist Devices, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Retrospective Studies, Survival Analysis, Cardiac Surgical Procedures mortality, Extracorporeal Circulation, Heart Defects, Congenital surgery, Palliative Care, Postoperative Complications
Abstract

Objective: We sought to review the outcome of infants with a functional single ventricle receiving postoperative extracorporeal life support., Methods: We reviewed all patients with a functional single ventricle receiving postoperative extracorporeal life support between January 1997 and May 2003., Results: We supported 25 infants (age range, 2-139 days; median age, 15 days; weight range, 1.9-5.9 kg; median weight, 3.4 kg) with extracorporeal life support. Operative procedures were Norwood stage 1 procedure in 18 patients, modified Blalock-Taussig shunt in 4 patients, bidirectional superior cavopulmonary shunt in 2 patients, and pulmonary vein repair in 1 patient. Indications for extracorporeal life support included cardiac arrest (14/25) and low cardiac output state (11/25). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was initiated in 19 patients, with conversion to a ventricular assist device in 7 patients. Ventricular assist device alone was initiated in 6 patients. Survival to decannulation was 76%, with 5 late deaths from multiorgan failure and 56% intensive care unit survival. Survival to hospital discharge was 44%. On univariate analysis, the presence of arrhythmia before extracorporeal life support (P = .005), renal failure (P = .0007), Candida species-induced sepsis (P = .026), and multiorgan failure (P = .0009) were significant risk factors in the nonsurvivors. Median hospital stay was 43.5 days (range, 6-181 days) for the whole group and 93 days (range, 36-181 days) for survivors. Eight patients completed next stage palliation., Conclusions: Twenty percent of patients were supported with a ventricular assist device alone, with 50% conversion to a ventricular assist device from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Survival to decannulation was encouraging. Multiorgan failure and risk of invasive infection in the post-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation period mitigate against survival to hospital discharge. Use of extracorporeal life support before cardiac arrest might reduce attrition between decannulation and hospital discharge.

Published
2006
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32. Sensory and nonsensory influences on children's performance of dichotic pitch perception tasks.

Author

Edwards VT, Giaschi DE, Low P, and Edgell D

Subjects
Adolescent, Auditory Threshold physiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Cues, Female, Humans, Judgment, Male, Dichotic Listening Tests, Pitch Perception physiology, Sensation physiology
Abstract

Dichotic pitch perception reflects the auditory system's use of binaural cues to perceptually separate different sound sources and to determine the spatial location of sounds. Several studies were conducted to identify factors that influence children's dichotic pitch perception thresholds. An initial study of school children revealed an age-related improvement in thresholds for lateralizing dichotic pitch tones. In subsequent studies potential sensory and nonsensory limitations on young children's performance of dichotic pitch lateralization tasks were examined. A training study showed that with sufficient practice, young children lateralize dichotic pitch stimuli as well as adults, indicating an age difference in perceptual learning of the lateralization task. Changing the task requirements so that young children made a judgment about the pitch of dichotic pitch tones, rather than the spatial location of the tones, also resulted in significantly better thresholds. These findings indicate that nonsensory factors limit young children's performance of dichotic pitch tasks.

Published
2005
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33. Continuous measurement of oxygen consumption during cardiopulmonary bypass: description of the method and in vivo observations.

Author

Li J, Stokoe J, Konstantinov IE, Edgell D, Cheung MM, Kharbanda RK, and Redington AN

Subjects
Animals, Feasibility Studies, Hypothermia, Induced, Mass Spectrometry methods, Pilot Projects, Swine, Temperature, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Oxygen Consumption
Abstract

Background: Systemic oxygen consumption is not routinely measured during cardiopulmonary bypass, despite its potential benefits. We aimed to develop a noninvasive method to continuously measure oxygen consumption using respiratory mass spectrometry during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in pigs., Methods: Nine pigs weighing 18.5 (1.6) kg underwent hypothermic (32 degrees C) cardiopulmonary bypass for 180 minutes with 120 minutes of aortic cross clamping. An AMIS 2000 mass spectrometer (Innovision A/S, Odense, Denmark) was adapted for the on-line measurement of oxygen consumption by sampling the inlet and outlet gases of the membrane oxygenator together with measurement of the "expired" gas volume., Results: Active cooling for 60 minutes reduced the venous blood temperature by 2.9 (0.8) degrees C and VO(2) by 0.70 (0.33) mL/kg/min. The 40-minute active rewarming restored the venous blood temperature by 4.4 (0.4) degrees C and oxygen consumption increased by 1.36 (0.33) mL/kg/min. There was wide interanimal variability, however, particularly at higher venous blood temperatures. Immediately after the release of aortic cross clamp, there was a noticeably acute increase in oxygen consumption in all the pigs (0.64 [0.21] mL/kg/min)., Conclusions: A simple and safe adaptation of mass spectrometry allows continuous measurement of oxygen consumption during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. The wide interindividual variations observed in this pilot study underscore the need to more accurately describe changes in oxygen consumption and how they are affected by temperature, oxygen delivery, and other interventions during cardiopulmonary bypass. As such, the technique may have an important role in clinical research and management of oxygen transport in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Published
2004
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34. Barriers to intron promiscuity in bacteria.

Author

Edgell DR, Belfort M, and Shub DA

Subjects
Bacteria genetics, Bacteriophages genetics, Endonucleases metabolism, Genes, Viral, Genome, Bacterial, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Substrate Specificity, Genes, Bacterial, Introns
Published
2000
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35. Potassium as a surrogate marker of debris in cell-salvaged blood.

Author

Szpisjak DF, Edgell DS, and Bissonnette B

Subjects
Blood Platelets, Erythrocyte Transfusion, Hemoglobins analysis, Humans, Leukocytes, Blood Transfusion, Autologous methods, Potassium blood
Abstract

Unlabelled: Centrifuge-based cell salvage systems have decreased the use of homologous blood transfusions. Although the evidence is anecdotal, the risk associated with the use of salvaged erythrocytes seems related to cellular and chemical contaminants. We sought to determine if potassium can be a surrogate marker for cellular debris and to measure the residual heparin level. Four units of expired whole blood were heparinized and concentrated with a Sequestra 1000 (Medtronics), Parker, CO) cell salvage device. The potassium, free hemoglobin, leukocyte, and platelet counts were sampled after each 250-mL normal saline wash aliquot, to a total wash volume of 1500 mL, whereas the heparin samples were obtained at wash volumes 0 and 1000 mL. Potassium, leukocyte, and platelet concentrations at wash volumes 0 and 250 mL were significantly greater than at all other volumes (P < 0.001). After 500 mL of saline wash, the change in these values was not significant. The mean (+/- SD) heparin levels (units/mL) at wash volumes 0 and 1000 mL were 10.2 (+/-3.1) and 0.11 (+/-0.02), respectively (P < 0.007). The r(2) values for free hemoglobin, leukocytes, and platelets versus potassium were 0.006, 0.992, and 0.995, respectively. No convenient test has been validated as an indicator of salvaged erythrocyte cleanliness. This in vitro study suggests that residual potassium concentration seems to be a good indicator of quality after washing with a contemporary intraoperative salvage system., Implications: No convenient test has been validated as an indicator of salvaged erythrocyte cleanliness. This in vitro study suggests that residual potassium concentration seems to be a good indicator of quality after washing with a contemporary intraoperative salvage system.

Published
2000
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36. Pediatric heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: management with Danaparoid (orgaran).

Author

Saxon BR, Black MD, Edgell D, Noel D, and Leaker MT

Subjects
Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Child, Preschool, Drug Combinations, Female, Heart Defects, Congenital surgery, Hemorrhage drug therapy, Humans, Thrombosis drug therapy, Thrombosis etiology, Anticoagulants adverse effects, Chondroitin Sulfates therapeutic use, Dermatan Sulfate therapeutic use, Heparin adverse effects, Heparitin Sulfate therapeutic use, Thrombocytopenia diagnosis, Thrombocytopenia drug therapy
Abstract

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare and serious complication of anticoagulation therapy. There remains a paucity of information pertaining to alternative anticoagulation strategies for use during cardiopulmonary bypass concomitant with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, especially in children. We report the successful treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and subsequent hemorrhagic complications postoperatively in a 2-year-old child with Danaparoid (orgaran). Emergent conduit revision with cardiopulmonary bypass was required for a thrombosed systemic-venous to pulmonary-arterial connection (completion modified Fontan procedure). Required doses of Danaparoid were consistently twofold that previously reported for adults.

Published
1999
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38. Selfish DNA: the best defense is a good offense.

Author

Edgell DR, Fast NM, and Doolittle WF

Subjects
Animals, Introns, DNA metabolism, DNA Transposable Elements, Deoxyribonuclease I metabolism
Abstract

The recent discovery of novel biochemical activities of intron-encoded endonucleases emphasizes the selfish nature of mobile genetic elements.

Published
1996
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