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2. Experimental determination of the oral bioavailability and bioaccessibility of lead particles

Author

Deshommes Elise, Tardif Robert, Edwards Marc, Sauvé Sébastien, and Prévost Michèle

Subjects
Oral bioavailability, Bioaccessibility, Lead [Pb] particles, In vivo tests, In vitro tests, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Abstract In vivo estimations of Pb particle bioavailability are costly and variable, because of the nature of animal assays. The most feasible alternative for increasing the number of investigations carried out on Pb particle bioavailability is in vitro testing. This testing method requires calibration using in vivo data on an adapted animal model, so that the results will be valid for childhood exposure assessment. Also, the test results must be reproducible within and between laboratories. The Relative Bioaccessibility Leaching Procedure, which is calibrated with in vivo data on soils, presents the highest degree of validation and simplicity. This method could be applied to Pb particles, including those in paint and dust, and those in drinking water systems, which although relevant, have been poorly investigated up to now for childhood exposure assessment.

Published
2012
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4. Learning from hypertext : navigation, comprehension, and working memory in university students

Author

Edwards, Marc, Wylie, Judith, and Feeney, Aidan

Subjects
153.1, Study media, hypertext, navigation, reading comprehension, reading strategies, working memory, graphical overview
Abstract

Reading text from an electronic screen has become prevalent for both recreation and education, with hypertext establishing itself as a large part of the digital reading corpus. Despite hypertext research taking place for around three decades, questions remain about the reading processes involved in this format, whether individual reader differences are beneficial or detrimental to learning, and how to facilitate navigation and comprehension. Three introductory chapters review the current research literature on reading comprehension across study media, and explore the cognitive processes for reading and navigating texts in the digital era. In four experiments, this thesis investigates hypertext learning in university students, focusing on navigation, comprehension, and working memory. The experiments find that deep, inferential, reading comprehension is weaker in hypertext than in print text, with low prior knowledge and lower working memory ability hypertext readers being especially disadvantaged. Equivalence between print and scrolling text performance indicates specific challenges in hypertext (e.g., disorientation, disruption of comprehension processes) are responsible for differences between study media, rather than more general screen inferiority effects. This thesis concludes that, while hypertext presents unique challenges to learning, novel hypermedia features may help overcome them. Evidence for this is in the final experiment, where provision of a dynamic graphical overview facilitates navigation and comprehension in hypertext. Print text is unlikely to make a resurgence in classrooms, so research should continue to explore differences between study media and ways to improve comprehension of hypertext.

Published
2021

7. Comparison of Whole-Genome Sequences of Legionella pneumophila in Tap Water and in Clinical Strains, Flint, Michigan, USA, 2016 - Volume 25, Number 11—November 2019 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC

Author

Garner, Emily, Brown, Connor L, Schwake, David Otto, Rhoads, William J, Arango-Argoty, Gustavo, Zhang, Liqing, Jospin, Guillaume, Coil, David A, Eisen, Jonathan A, Edwards, Marc A, and Pruden, Amy

Subjects
Lung, Pneumonia & Influenza, Infectious Diseases, Genetics, Pneumonia, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Drinking Water, Genome, Bacterial, Humans, Legionella pneumophila, Legionnaires' Disease, Michigan, Phylogeny, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Water Microbiology, Whole Genome Sequencing, Flint, Legionella, Legionnaires’ disease, United States, bacteria, drinking water, tap water, whole-genome sequencing, Clinical Sciences, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, Microbiology
Abstract

During the water crisis in Flint, Michigan, USA (2014-2015), 2 outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease occurred in Genesee County, Michigan. We compared whole-genome sequences of 10 clinical Legionella pneumophila isolates submitted to a laboratory in Genesee County during the second outbreak with 103 water isolates collected the following year. We documented a genetically diverse range of L. pneumophila strains across clinical and water isolates. Isolates belonging to 1 clade (3 clinical isolates, 3 water isolates from a Flint hospital, 1 water isolate from a Flint residence, and the reference Paris strain) had a high degree of similarity (2-1,062 single-nucleotide polymorphisms), all L. pneumophila sequence type 1, serogroup 1. Serogroup 6 isolates belonging to sequence type 2518 were widespread in Flint hospital water samples but bore no resemblance to available clinical isolates. L. pneumophila strains in Flint tap water after the outbreaks were diverse and similar to some disease-causing strains.

Published
2019

10. Who Dares to Speak Up? A federal agency allowed unethical experimentation on Black men for four decades before someone finally decided to blow the whistle

Author

Edwards, Marc A., Yang, Carol, and Roy, Siddhartha

Subjects
United States. Public Health Service -- Ethical aspects -- History, African American men -- Health aspects -- Medical examination, Syphilis -- Care and treatment, Human experimentation in medicine -- History -- Ethical aspects -- Demographic aspects, Self-experimentation in medicine -- History -- Ethical aspects -- Demographic aspects, Whistle blowing -- History, Science and technology
Abstract

Being a whistleblower can be lonely. The public opposition to authority that it requires often results in assaults on one's reputation. Weathering such assaults is an ordeal--one that the three [...]

Published
2021

13. Effects of Copper on Legionella pneumophila Revealed via Viability Assays and Proteomics

Author

Song, Yang, Mena-Aguilar, Didier, Brown, Connor L., Rhoads, William J., Helm, Richard F., Pruden, Amy, Edwards, Marc A., Song, Yang, Mena-Aguilar, Didier, Brown, Connor L., Rhoads, William J., Helm, Richard F., Pruden, Amy, and Edwards, Marc A.

Abstract

Cu is an antimicrobial that is commonly applied to premise (i.e., building) plumbing systems for Legionella control, but the precise mechanisms of inactivation are not well defined. Here, we applied a suite of viability assays and mass spectrometry-based proteomics to assess the mechanistic effects of Cu on L. pneumophila. Although a five- to six-log reduction in culturability was observed with 5 mg/L Cu2+ exposure, cell membrane integrity only indicated a <50% reduction. Whole-cell proteomic analysis revealed that AhpD, a protein related to oxidative stress, was elevated in Cu-exposed Legionella relative to culturable cells. Other proteins related to cell membrane synthesis and motility were also higher for the Cu-exposed cells relative to controls without Cu. While the proteins related to primary metabolism decreased for the Cu-exposed cells, no significant differences in the abundance of proteins related to virulence or infectivity were found, which was consistent with the ability of VBNC cells to cause infections. Whereas the cell-membrane integrity assay provided an upper-bound measurement of viability, an amoebae co-culture assay provided a lower-bound limit. The findings have important implications for assessing Legionella risk following its exposure to copper in engineered water systems.

Published
2024

14. A Novel Targeted Screening Tool for Hypogammaglobulinemia: Measurement of Serum Immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA) Levels from Dried Blood Spots (Ig-DBS Assay).

Author

Yel, Leman, Rabbat, Christopher J, Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte, Orange, Jordan S, Torgerson, Troy R, Verbsky, James W, Wang, Yeong, Fu, Maoyong, Robins, Terry S, Edwards, Marc S, and Nymann-Andersen, Jesper

Subjects
Humans, Agammaglobulinemia, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Mass Screening, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Infant, Young Adult, Dried Blood Spot Testing, DBS, ELISA, Ig-DBS assay, dried blood spots, immunoglobulin, nephelometry, primary immunodeficiency, validation, Preschool, Immunology
Abstract

PurposeTo develop an assay to quantify serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA) levels using dried blood spots (DBS) obtained on collection cards to be used as a tool for targeted screening for hypogammaglobulinemia.MethodsDBS samples, along with simultaneous serum samples, were collected from 107 healthy individuals (11 months to 57 years of age). After eluting proteins from DBS, IgG, IgM, and IgA were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Ig-DBS assay was validated through calibration curve performance, intra- and inter-assay precision, accuracy, specificity, selectivity, and linearity. The ELISA measurements were compared with serum Ig levels obtained using a standard nephelometry assay on serum samples collected simultaneously with the DBS samples and the results of the two assays were correlated. The stability of IgG, IgM, and IgA in the DBS was tested at room temperature, 36° to 38 °C, 2 to 8 °C, and -25 to -40 °C, from 4 to 14 days.ResultsThe Ig-DBS assay demonstrated precision, accuracy, specificity, selectivity, and linearity. Using the identified correlation coefficients of 0.834 for IgG, 0.789 for IgM, and 0.918 for IgA, the standard nephelometry-based normal reference ranges for all 3 serum Ig isotypes could be used with the Ig-DBS assay in individuals ≥16 years of age. The DBS samples were stable for 14 days at room temperature in a closed polyethylene bag.ConclusionsThe Ig-DBS assay is both sensitive and accurate for quantification of serum immunoglobulins. Samples are sufficiently stable at ambient temperature to allow for convenient shipping and analysis at a centralized laboratory. This assay therefore presents a new option for screening patients ≥16 years of age for hypogammaglobulinemia in any setting.

Published
2015

19. The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Pearse, Rupert M., Beattie, Scott, Clavien, Pierre-Alain, Demartines, Nicolas, Fleisher, Lee A., Grocott, Mike, Haddow, James, Hoeft, Andreas, Holt, Peter, Moreno, Rui, Pritchard, Naomi, Rhodes, Andrew, Wijeysundera, Duminda, Wilson, Matt, Ahmed, Tahania, Everingham, Kirsty, Hewson, Russell, Januszewska, Marta, Phull, Mandeep-Kaur, Halliwell, Richard, Shulman, Mark, Myles, Paul, Schmid, Werner, Hiesmayr, Michael, Wouters, Patrick, de Hert, Stefan, Lobo, Suzana, Fang, Xiangming, Rasmussen, Lars, Futier, Emmanuel, Biais, Matthieu, Venara, Aurélien, Slim, Karem, Sander, Michael, Koulenti, Despoina, Arvaniti, Kostoula, Chan, Mathew, Kulkarni, Atul, Chandra, Susilo, Tantri, Aida, Geddoa, Emad, Abbas, Muntadhar, Della Rocca, Giorgio, Sivasakthi, Datin, Mansor, Marzida, Luna, Pastor, Bouwman, Arthur, Buhre, Wolfgang, Beavis, Vanessa, Campbell, Douglas, Short, Tim, Osinaike, Tunde, Matos, Ricardo, Grigoras, Ioana, Kirov, Mikhail, Protsenko, Denis, Biccard, Bruce, Aldecoa, Cesar, Chew, Michelle, Hofer, Christoph, Hubner, Martin, Ditai, James, Szakmany, Tamas, Fleisher, Lee, Ferguson, Marissa, MacMahon, Michael, Cherian, Ritchie, Currow, Helen, Kanathiban, Kathirgamanathan, Gillespie, David, Pathmanathan, Edward, Phillips, Katherine, Reynolds, Jenifer, Rowley, Joanne, Douglas, Jeanene, Kerridge, Ross, Garg, Sameer, Bennett, Michael, Jain, Megha, Alcock, David, Terblanche, Nico, Cotter, Rochelle, Leslie, Kate, Stewart, Marcelle, Zingerle, Nicolette, Clyde, Antony, Hambidge, Oliver, Rehak, Adam, Cotterell, Sharon, Huynh, Wilson Binh Quan, McCulloch, Timothy, Ben-Menachem, Erez, Egan, Thomas, Cope, Jennifer, Fellinger, Paul, Haisjackl, Markus, Haselberger, Simone, Holaubek, Caroline, Lichtenegger, Paul, Scherz, Florian, Hoffer, Franz, Cakova, Veronika, Eichwalder, Andreas, Fischbach, Norbert, Klug, Reinhold, Schneider, Elisabeth, Vesely, Martin, Wickenhauser, Reinhart, Grubmueller, Karl Gernot, Leitgeb, Marion, Lang, Friedrich, Toro, Nancy, Bauer, Marlene, Laengle, Friedrich, Haberl, Claudia, Mayrhofer, Thomas, Trybus, Christoph, Buerkle, Christian, Forstner, Karin, Germann, Reinhard, Rinoesl, Harald, Schindler, Elke, Trampitsch, Ernst, Bogner, Gerhard, Dankl, Daniel, Duenser, Martin, Fritsch, Gerhard, Gradwohl-Matis, Ilse, Hartmann, Andreas, Hoelzenbein, Thomas, Jaeger, Tarkan, Landauer, Franz, Lindl, Gregor, Lux, Michael, Steindl, Johannes, Stundner, Ottokar, Szabo, Christian, Bidgoli, Jawad, Verdoodt, Hans, Forget, Patrice, Kahn, David, Lois, Fernande, Momeni, Mona, Prégardien, Caroline, Pospiech, Audrey, Steyaert, Arnaud, Veevaete, Laurent, De Kegel, Dirk, De Jongh, Karen, Foubert, Luc, Smitz, Carine, Vercauteren, Marcel, Poelaert, Jan, Van Mossevelde, Veerle, Abeloos, Jacques, Bouchez, Stefaan, Coppens, Marc, De Baerdemaeker, Luc, Deblaere, Isabel, De Bruyne, Ann, Fonck, Kristine, Heyse, Bjorn, Jacobs, Tom, Lapage, Koen, Moerman, Anneliese, Neckebroek, Martine, Parashchanka, Aliaksandra, Roels, Nathalie, Van Den Eynde, Nancy, Vandenheuvel, Michael, Limmen, JurgenVan, Vanluchene, Ann, Vanpeteghem, Caroline, Wyffels, Piet, Huygens, Christel, Vandenbempt, Punitha, Van de Velde, Marc, Dylst, Dimitri, Janssen, Bruno, Schreurs, Evelien, Aleixo, Fábia Berganton, Candido, Keulle, Batista, Hugo Dias, Guimarães, Mario, Guizeline, Jaqueline, Hoffmann, João, Lobo, Francisco Ricardo Marques, Nascimento, Vinícius, Nishiyama, Katia, Pazetto, Lucas, Souza, Daniela, Rodrigues, Rodrigo Souza, Vilela dos Santos, Ana Maria, Jardim, Jaquelline, Sá Malbouisson, Luiz Marcelo, Silva, Joao, Nascimento Junior, Paulo do, Baio, Thalissa Hermínia, Pereira de Castro, Gabriel Isaac, Watanabe Oliveira, Henri Roger, Amendola, Cristina Prata, Cardoso, Gutemberg, Ortega, Daniela, Brotto, Ana Flavia, De Oliveira, Mirella Cristine, Réa-Neto, Álvaro, Dias, Fernando, Travi, Maria Eduarda, Zerman, Luiza, Azambuja, Pedro, Knibel, Marcos Freitas, Martins, Antonio, Almeida, William, Neto, Calim Neder, Tardelli, Maria Angela, Caser, Eliana, Machado, Marcio, Aguzzoli, Crisitiano, Baldisserotto, Sérgio, Tabajara, Fernanda Beck, Bettega, Fernanda, Rodrigues Júnior, La Hore Correa, de Gasperi, Julia, Faina, Lais, Nolasco, Marcos Farias, Ferreira da Costa Fischer, Bruna, Fosch de Campos Ferreira, Mariana, Hartmann, Cristina, Kliemann, Marta, Hubert Ribeiro, Gustavo Luis, Fraga, Julia Merladete, Netto, Thiago Motta, Pozza, Laura Valduga, Wendling, Paulo Rafael, Azevedo, Caroline, Garcia, Juliana, Lopes, Marcel, Maia, Bernardo, Maselli, Paula, Melo, Ralph, Mendes, Weslley, Neves, Matheus, Ney, Jacqueline, Piras, Claudio, Applewhaite, Christopher, Carr, Adrienne, Chow, Lorraine, Duttchen, Kaylene, Foglia, Julena, Greene, Michael, Hinther, Ashley, Houston, Kendra, McCormick, Thomas Jared, Mikhayel, Jennifer, Montasser, Sam, Ragan, Alex, Suen, Andrew, Woolsey, Adrianna, Yu, Hai Chuan, Funk, Duane, Kowalski, Stephen, Legaspi, Regina, McDonald, Heather, Siddiqui, Faisal, Pridham, Jeremy, Rowe, Bernadette, Sampson, Sonia, Thiessen, Barton, Zbitnew, Geoff, Bernard, Andre, George, Ronald, Jones, Philip, Moor, Rita, Siddiqui, Naveed, Wolfer, Alexandra, Tran, Diem, Winch, Denyse, Dobson, Gary, McCormick, Thomas, Montasser, Osama, Hall, Richard, Baghirzada, Leyla, Curley, Gerard, Dai, Si Yuan, Hare, Gregory, Lee, Esther, Shastri, Uma, Tsui, Albert, Yagnik, Anmol, Alvares, Danielle, Choi, Stephen, Dwyer, Heather, Flores, Kathrina, McCartney, Colin, Somascanthan, Priya, Carroll, Jo, Pazmino-Canizares, Janneth, Ami, Noam, Chan, Vincent, Perlas, Anahi, Argue, Ruth, Huang, Yang, Lavis, Katie, Mayson, Kelly, Cao, Ying, Gao, Hong, Hu, Tingju, Lv, Jie, Yang, Jian, Yang, Yang, Zhong, Yi, Zhou, Jing, Zou, Xiaohua, He, Miao, Li, Xiaoying, Luo, Dihuan, Wang, Haiying, Yu, Tian, Chen, Liyong, Wang, Lijun, Cai, Yunfei, Cao, Zhongming, Li, Yanling, Lian, Jiaxin, Sun, Haiyun, Wang, Sheng, Wang, Zhipeng, Wang, Kenru, Zhu, Yi, Du, Xindan, Fan, Hao, Fu, Yunbin, Huang, Lixia, Huang, Yanming, Hwan, Haifang, Luo, Hong, Qu, Pi-Sheng, Tao, Fan, Wang, Zhen, Wang, Guoxiang, Wang, Shun, Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Xiaolin, Chen, Chao, Wang, Weixing, Liu, Zhengyuan, Fan, Lihua, Tang, Jing, Chen, Yijun, Chen, Yongjie, Han, Yangyang, Huang, Changshun, Liang, Guojin, Shen, Jing, Wang, Jun, Yang, Qiuhong, Zhen, Jungang, Zhou, Haidong, Chen, Junping, Chen, Zhang, Li, Xiaoyu, Meng, Bo, Ye, Haiwang, Zhang, Xiaoyan, Bi, Yanbing, Cao, Jianqiao, Guo, Fengying, Lin, Hong, Liu, Yang, Lv, Meng, Shi, Pengcai, Song, Xiumei, Sun, Chuanyu, Sun, Yongtao, Wang, Yuelan, Wang, Shenhui, Zhang, Min, Chen, Rong, Hou, Jiabao, Leng, Yan, Meng, Qing-tao, Qian, Li, Shen, Zi-ying, Xia, Zhong-yuan, Xue, Rui, Zhang, Yuan, Zhao, Bo, Zhou, Xian-jin, Chen, Qiang, Guo, Huinan, Guo, Yongqing, Qi, Yuehong, Wang, Zhi, Wei, Jianfeng, Zhang, Weiwei, Zheng, Lina, Bao, Qi, Chen, Yaqiu, Chen, Yijiao, Fei, Yue, Hu, Nianqiang, Hu, Xuming, Lei, Min, Li, Xiaoqin, Lv, Xiaocui, Miao, Fangfang, Ouyang, Lingling, Qian, Lu, Shen, Conyu, Sun, Yu, Wang, Yuting, Wang, Dong, Wu, Chao, Xu, Liyuan, Yuan, Jiaqi, Zhang, Lina, Zhang, Huan, Zhang, Yapping, Zhao, Jinning, Zhao, Chong, Zhao, Lei, Zheng, Tianzhao, Zhou, Dachun, Zhou, Haiyan, Zhou, Ce, Lu, Kaizhi, Zhao, Ting, He, Changlin, Chen, Hong, Chen, Shasha, Cheng, Baoli, He, Jie, Jin, Lin, Li, Caixia, Li, Hui, Pan, Yuanming, Shi, Yugang, Wen, Xiao Hong, Wu, Shuijing, Xie, Guohao, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Bing, Lu, Xianfu, Chen, Feifei, Liang, Qisheng, Lin, Xuewu, Ling, Yunzhi, Liu, Gang, Tao, Jing, Yang, Lu, Zhou, Jialong, Chen, Fumei, Cheng, Zhonggui, Dai, Hanying, Feng, Yunlin, Hou, Benchao, Gong, Haixia, Hu, Chun hua, Huang, Haijin, Huang, Jian, Jiang, Zhangjie, Li, Mengyuan, Lin, Jiamei, Liu, Mei, Liu, Weicheng, Liu, Zhen, Liu, Zhiyi, Luo, Foquan, Ma, Longxian, Min, Jia, Shi, Xiaoyun, Song, Zhiping, Wan, Xianwen, Xiong, Yingfen, Xu, Lin, Yang, Shuangjia, Zhang, Qin, Zhang, Hongyan, Zhang, Huaigen, Zhang, Xuekang, Zhao, Lili, Zhao, Weihong, Zhao, Weilu, Zhu, Xiaoping, Bai, Yun, Chen, Linbi, Chen, Sijia, Dai, Qinxue, Geng, Wujun, Han, Kunyuan, He, Xin, Huang, Luping, Ji, Binbin, Jia, Danyun, Jin, Shenhui, Li, Qianjun, Liang, Dongdong, Luo, Shan, Lwang, Lulu, Mo, Yunchang, Pan, Yuanyuan, Qi, Xinyu, Qian, Meizi, Qin, Jinling, Ren, Yelong, Shi, Yiyi, Wang, Junlu, Wang, Junkai, Wang, Leilei, Xie, Junjie, Yan, Yixiu, Yao, Yurui, Zhang, Mingxiao, Zhao, Jiashi, Zhuang, Xiuxiu, Ai, Yanqiu, Du, Fang, He, Long, Huang, Ledan, Li, Zhisong, Li, Huijuan, Li, Yetong, Li, Liwei, Meng, Su, Yuan, Yazhuo, Zhang, Enman, Zhang, Jie, Zhao, Shuna, Ji, Zhenrong, Pei, Ling, Wang, Li, Chen, Chen, Dong, Beibei, Li, Jing, Miao, Ziqiang, Mu, Hongying, Qin, Chao, Su, Lin, Wen, Zhiting, Xie, Keliang, Yu, Yonghao, Yuan, Fang, Hu, Xianwen, Zhang, Ye, Xiao, Wangpin, Zhu, Zhipeng, Dai, Qingqing, Fu, Kaiwen, Hu, Rong, Hu, Xiaolan, Huang, Song, Li, Yaqi, Liang, Yingping, Yu, Shuchun, Guo, Zheng, Jing, Yan, Tang, Na, Wu, Jie, Yuan, Dajiang, Zhang, Ruilin, Zhao, Xiaoying, Li, Yuhong, Bai, Hui-Ping, Liu, Chun-Xiao, Liu, Fei-Fei, Ren, Wei, Wang, Xiu-Li, Xu, Guan-Jie, Hu, Na, Li, Bo, Ou, Yangwen, Tang, Yongzhong, Yao, Shanglong, Zhang, Shihai, Kong, Cui-Cui, Liu, Bei, Wang, Tianlong, Xiao, Wei, Lu, Bo, Xia, Yanfei, Zhou, Jiali, Cai, Fang, Chen, Pushan, Hu, Shuangfei, Wang, Hongfa, Xu, Qiong, Hu, Liu, Jing, Liang, Li, Bin, Liu, Qiang, Liu, Yuejiang, Lu, Xinjian, Peng, Zhen Dan, Qiu, Xiaodong, Ren, Quan, Tong, Youliang, Wang, Jin, Wen, Yazhou, Wu, Qiong, Xia, Jiangyan, Xie, Jue, Xiong, Xiapei, Xu, Shixia, Yang, Tianqin, Ye, Hui, Yin, Ning, Yuan, Jing, Zeng, Qiuting, Zhang, Baoling, Zheng, Kang, Cang, Jing, Chen, Shiyu, Fan, Yu, Fu, Shuying, Ge, Xiaodong, Guo, Baolei, Huang, Wenhui, Jiang, Linghui, Jiang, Xinmei, Liu, Yi, Pan, Yan, Ren, Yun, Shan, Qi, Wang, Jiaxing, Wang, Fei, Wu, Chi, Zhang, Xiaoguang, Christiansen, Ida Cecilie, Granum, Simon Nørgaard, Rasmussen, Bodil Steen, Daugaard, Morten, Gambhir, Rajiv, Brandsborg, Birgitte, Steingrímsdóttir, Guðný Erla, Jensen-Gadegaard, Peter, Olsen, Karsten Skovgaard, Siegel, Hanna, Eskildsen, Katrine Zwicky, Gätke, Mona Ring, Wibrandt, Ida, Heintzelmann, Simon Bisgaard, Wiborg Lange, Kai Henrik, Lundsgaard, Rune Sarauw, Amstrup-Hansen, Louise, Hovendal, Claus, Larsen, Michael, Lenstrup, Mette, Kobborg, Tina, Larsen, Jens Rolighed, Pedersen, Anette Barbre, Smith, Søren Hübertz, Oestervig, Rebecca Monett, Afshari, Arash, Andersen, Cheme, Ekelund, Kim, Secher, Erik Lilja, Beloeil, Helene, Lasocki, Sigismond, Ouattara, Alexandre, Sineus, Marlene, Molliex, Serge, Legouge, Marie Lim, Wallet, Florent, Tesniere, Antoine, Gaudin, Christophe, Lehur, Paul, Forsans, Emma, de Rudnicki, Stéphane, Maudet, Valerie Serra, Mutter, Didier, Sojod, Ghassan, Ouaissi, Mehdi, Regimbeau, Jean-Marc, Desbordes, Jacques, Comptaer, Nicolas, Manser, Diae el, Ethgen, Sabine, Lebuffe, Gilles, Auer, Patrick, Härtl, Christine, Deja, Maria, Legashov, Kirill, Sonnemann, Susanne, Wiegand-Loehnert, Carola, Falk, Elke, Habicher, Marit, Angermair, Stefan, Laetsch, Beatrix, Schmidt, Katrin, Von Heymann, Christian, Ramminger, Axel, Jelschen, Florian, Pabel, Svenja, Weyland, Andreas, Czeslick, Elke, Gille, Jochen, Malcharek, Michael, Sablotzki, Armin, Lueke, Katharina, Wetzel, Peter, Weimann, Joerg, Lenhart, Franz-Peter, Reichle, Florian, Schirmer, Frederike, Hüppe, Michael, Klotz, Karl, Nau, Carla, Schön, Julika, Mencke, Thomas, Wasmund, Christina, Bankewitz, Carla, Baumgarten, Georg, Fleischer, Andreas, Guttenthaler, Vera, Hack, Yvonne, Kirchgaessner, Katharina, Männer, Olja, Schurig-Urbaniak, Marlen, Struck, Rafael, van Zyl, Rebekka, Wittmann, Maria, Goebel, Ulrich, Harris, Sarah, Veit, Siegfried, Andreadaki, Evangelia, Souri, Flora, Katsiadramis, Ioannis, Skoufi, Anthi, Vasileiou, Maria, Aimoniotou- Georgiou, Eleni, Katsourakis, Anastasios, Veroniki, Fotini, Vlachogianni, Glyceria, Petra, Konstantina, Chlorou, Dimitra, Oloktsidou, Eirini, Ourailoglou, Vasileios, Papapostolou, Konstantinos, Tsaousi, Georgia, Daikou, Panagoula, Dedemadi, Georgia, Kalaitzopoulos, Ioannis, Loumpias, Christos, Bristogiannis, Sotirios, Dafnios, Nikolaos, Gkiokas, Georgios, Kontis, Elissaios, Kozompoli, Dimitra, Papailia, Aspasia, Theodosopoulos, Theodosios, Bizios, Christol, Koutsikou, Anastasia, Moustaka, Aleaxandra, Plaitakis, Ioannis, Armaganidis, Apostolos, Christodoulopoulou, Theodora, Lignos, Mihail, Theodorakopoulou, Maria, Asimakos, Andreas, Ischaki, Eleni, Tsagkaraki, Angeliki, Zakynthinos, Spyros, Antoniadou, Eleni, Koutelidakis, Ioannis, Lathyris, Dimitrios, Pozidou, Irene, Voloudakis, Nikolaos, Dalamagka, Maria, Elena, Gkonezou, Chronis, Christos, Manolakaki, Dimitra, Mosxogiannidis, Dimitris, Slepova, Tatiana, Tsakiridou, Isaia-sissy, Lampiri, Claire, Vachlioti, Anastasia, Panagiotakis, Christos, Sfyras, Dimitrios, Tsimpoukas, Fotios, Tsirogianni, Athanasia, Axioti, Elena, Filippopoulos, Andreas, Kalliafa, Elli, Kassavetis, George, Katralis, Petros, Komnos, Ioannis, Pilichos, Georgios, Ravani, Ifigenia, Totis, Antonis, Apagaki, Eymorfia, Efthymiadi, Andromachi, Kampagiannis, Nikolaos, Paraforou, Theoniki, Tsioka, Agoritsa, Georgiou, Georgios, Vakalos, Aristeidis, Bairaktari, Aggeliki, Charitos, Efthimios, Markou, George, Niforopoulou, Panagiota, Papakonstantinou, Nikolaos, Tsigou, Evdoxia, Xifara, Archontoula, Zoulamoglou, Menelaos, Gkioni, Panagiota, Karatzas, Stylianos, Kyparissi, Aikaterini, Mainas, Efstratios, Papapanagiotou, Ioannis, Papavasilopoulou, Theonymfi, Fragandreas, George, Georgopoulou, Eleni, Katsika, Eleni, Psarras, Kyriakos, Synekidou, Eirini, Verroiotou, Maria, Vetsiou, Evangelia, Zaimi, Donika, Anagnou, Athina, Apostolou, Konstantinos, Melissopoulou, Theodora, Rozenberg, Theophilos, Tsigris, Christos, Boutsikos, Georgios, Kalles, Vasileios, Kotsalas, Nikolaos, Lavdaiou, Christina, Paikou, Fotini, Panagou, Georgia-Laura, Spring, Anna, Botis, Ioannis, Drimala, Maria, Georgakakis, Georgios, Kiourtzieva, Ellada, Ntouma, Panagiota, Prionas, Apostolos, Xouplidis, Kyriakos, Dalampini, Eleftheria, Giannaki, Chrysavgi, Iasonidou, Christina, 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Shuchi, Shah, Bhagyesh, Shah, Dhiren, Shah, Sanjay, Ar, Praburaj, Muthuchellappan, Radhakrishnan, Agarwal, Vandana, Divatia, Jigeeshu, Mishra, Sanghamitra, Nimje, Ganesh, Pande, Swati, Savarkar, Sukhada, Shrivastava, Aditi, Thomas, Martin, Yegnaram, Shashikant, Hidayatullah, Rahmat, Puar, Nasman, Niman, Sumara, Indra, Imai, Hamzah, Zulkarnain, Yuliana, Annika, Abidin, Ucu Nurhadiat, Dursin, Ade Nurkacan, Kurnia, Andri, Susanti, Ade, Handayani, Dini, Alit, Mahaalit Aribawa, Arya, Aryabiantara, Senapathi, Tjokorda Gde Agung, Utara, Utara Hartawan, Wid, Widnyana Made, Wima, Semarawima, Wir, Wiryana Made, Jehosua, Brillyan, Kaunang, Jonathan, Lantang, Eka Yudha, Najoan, Rini, Waworuntu, Neil, Awad, Hadi, Fuad, Akram, Geddoa, Burair, Khalaf, Abdel Razzaq, Al hussaini, Sabah, Albaj, Safauldeensalem, Kenber, Maithem, Bettinelli, Alessandra, Spadaro, Savino, AlbertoVolta, Carlo, Giancarlo, Luigi, Sottosanti, Vicari, Copetti, Elisa, Spagnesi, Lorenzo, Toretti, Ilaria, Alloj, Chiara, Cardellino, Silvano, Carmino, Livio, Costanzo, Eleonora, Fanfani, Lucia Caterina, Novelli, Maria Teresa, Roasio, Agostino, Bellandi, Mattia, Beretta, Luigi, Bignami, Elena, Bocchino, Speranza, Cabrini, Luca, Corti, Daniele, Landoni, Giovanni, Meroni, Roberta, Moizo, Elena, Monti, Giacomo, Pintaudi, Margherita, Plumari, Valentina Paola, Taddeo, Daiana, Testa, Valentina, Winterton, Dario, Zangrillo, Alberto, Cloro, Luigi Maria, Colangelo, Chiara, Colangelo, Antonio, Rotunno, Giuseppe, Paludi, Miguel Angel, Maria, Cloro Paolo, Pata, Antonio, Parrini, Vieri, Gatta, Alessandro, Nastasi, Mauro, Tinti, Carla, Baroselli, Antonio, Arrigo, Mario, Benevento, Angelo, Bottini, Corrado, Cannavo', Maurizio, Gastaldi, Christian, Marchesi, Alessandro, Pascazio, Angelantonio, Pata, Francesco, Pozzi, Emilio, Premoli, Alberto, Tessera, Gaetano, Boschi, Luca, D'Andrea, Rocco, Ghignone, Federico, Poggioli, Gilberto, Sibilio, Andrea, Taffurelli, Mario, Ugolini, Giampaolo, Ab Majid, Mohd Azuan, Ab Rahman, Rusnah, Joseph, James, Pathan, Furquan, Sybil Shah, Mohammad Hafizshah, Yap, Huey Ling, Cheah, Seleen, Chin, Im Im, Looi, Ji Keon, Tan, Siew Ching, Visvalingam, Sheshendrasurian, Kwok, Fan Yin, Lee, Chew Kiok, Tan, Tse Siang, Wong, Sze Meng, Abdullah, Noor Hairiza, Liew, Chiat Fong, Luxuman, Lovenia, Mohd Zin, Nor Hafizah, Norddin, Muhamad Faiz, Raja Alias, Raja Liza, Wong, Juan Yong, Yong, Johnny, Bin Mustapha, Mohd Tarmimi, Chan, Weng Ken, Dzulkipli, Norizawati, Kuan, Pei Xuan, Lee, Yew Ching, Alias, Anita, Guok, Eng Ching, Jee, Chiun Chen, Ramon, Brian Rhadamantyne, Wong, Cheng Weng, Abd Ghafar, Fara Nur Idayu, Aziz, Faizal Zuhri, Hussain, Nabilah, Lee, Hooi Sean, Sukawi, Ismawaty, Woon, Yuan Liang, Abd Hadi, Husni Zaeem, Ahmad Azam, Ummi Azmira, Alias, Abdul Hafiz, Kesut, Saiful Aizar, Lee, Jun May, Ooi, Dar Vin, Sulaiman, Hetty Ayuni, Lih, Tengku Alini Tengku, Veerakumaran, Jeyaganesh, Rojas, Eder, Resendiz, Gerardo Esteban Alvarez, Zapata, Darcy Danitza Mari, López, Julio Cesar Jesús Aguilar, Flores, Armando Adolfo Alvarez, Amador, Juan Carlos Bravo, Avila, Erendira Jocelin Dominguez, Aquino, Laura Patricia González, Rodriguez, Ricardo Lopez, Landa, Mariana Torres, Urias, Emma, Hollmann, Markus, Hulst, Abraham, Benedikt Preckel, Osne Kirzner, Gemert, Ankie Koopman-van, Buise, Marc, Tolenaar, Noortje, Weber, Eric, de Fretes, Jennifer, Houweling, Peter, Ormskerk, Patricia, Van Bommel, Jasper, Lance, Marcus, Smit-Fun, Valerie, van Zundert, Tom, Baas, Peter, de Boer, Hans Donald, Sprakel, Joost, Elferink-Vonk, Renske, Noordzij, Peter, van Zeggeren, Laura, Brand, Bastiaan, Spanjersberg, Rob, Bokkel-Andela, Janneke ten, Numan, Sandra, van Klei, Wilton, van Zaane, Bas, Boer, Christa, van Duivenvoorde, Yoni, Hering, Jens Peter, van Rossum, Sylvia, Zonneveldt, Harry, Campbell, Doug, Hoare, Siobhan, Santa, Sahayam, Ali, Marlynn, Allen, Sara Jane, Bell, Rachel, Choi, Hyun-min David, Drake, Matthew, Farrell, Helen, Hayes, Katia, Higgie, Kushlin, Holmes, Kerry, Jenkins, Nicole, Kim, 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Christian, Landers, A.T., Loots, Emil, Madansein, Rajhmum, Madaree, Anil, Madiba, Thandinkosi E., Manzini, Vukani T., Mbuyisa, Mbali, Moodley, Rajan, Msomi, Mduduzi, Mukama, Innocent, Naidoo, Desigan, Naidoo, Rubeshan, Naidu, Tesuven K., Ntloko, Sindiswa, Padayachee, Eneshia, Padayachee, Lucelle, Phaff, Martijn, Pillay, Bala, Pillay, Desigan, Pillay, Lutchmee, Ramnarain, Anupa, Ramphal, Suren R., Ryan, Paul, Saloojee, Ahmed, Sebitloane, Motshedisi, Sigcu, Noluyolo, Taylor, Jenna L., Torborg, Alexandra, Visser, Linda, Anderson, Philip, Conradie, Alae, de Swardt, Mathew, de Villiers, Martin, Eikman, Johan, Liebenberg, Riaan, Mouton, Johan, Paton, Abbey, van der Merwe, Louwrence, Wilscott-Davids, Candice, Barrett, Wendy Joan, Bester, Marlet, de Beer, Johan, Geldenhuys, Jacques, Gouws, Hanni, Potgieter, Jan-Hendrik, Strydom, Magdel, WilberforceTurton, Edwin, Chetty, Rubendraj R., Chirkut, Subash, Cronje, Larissa, de Vasconcellos, Kim, Dube, Nokukhanya Z., Gama, N. Sibusiso, Green, Garyth M., Green-Thompson, Randolph, Kinoo, Suman Mewa, Kistnasami, Prenolin, Maharaj, Kapil, Moodley, Manogaran S., Mothae, Sibongile J., Naidoo, Ruvashni, Aslam F Noorbhai, M., Rughubar, Vivesh, Reddy, Jenendhiran, Singh, Avesh, Skinner, David L., Smith, Murray J., Singh, Bhagwan, Misra, Ravi, Naidoo, Maheshwar, Ramdharee, Pireshin, Selibea, Yvonne, Sewpersad, Selina, Sham, Shailendra, Wessels, Joseph D., Africander, Cucu, Bejia, Tarek, Blakemore, Stephen P., Botes, Marisa, Bunwarie, Bimalshakth, Hernandez, Carlos B., Jeeraz, Mohammud A., Legutko, Dagmara A., Lopez, Acela G., De Meyer, Jenine N., Muzenda, Tanaka, Naidoo, Noel, Patel, Maryam, Pentela, Rao, Junge, Marina, Mansoor, Naj, Rademan, Lana, Scislowski, Pawel, Seedat, Ismail, van den Berg, Bianca, van der Merwe, Doreen, van Wyk, Steyn, Govender, Komalan, Naicker, Darshan, Ramjee, Rajesh, Saley, Mueen, Kuhn, Warren Paul, Matos-Puig, Roel, Alberto Lisi, Zaheer Moolla, Perez, Gisela, Beltran, Anna Valle, Lozano, Angels, Navarro, Carlos Delgado, Duca, Alejandro, Ernesto, Ernesto Pastor Martinez, Ferrando, Carlos, Fuentes, Isabel, García-Pérez, Maria Luisa, Gracia, Estefania, Palomares, Ana Izquierdo, Katime, Antonio, Miñana, Amanda, Incertis, Raul Raul, Romero, Esther, Romero Garcia, Carolina Soledad, Rubio, Concepcion, Artiles, Tania Socorro, Soro, Marina, Valls, Paola, Laguarda, Gisela Alaman, Benavent, Pau, Cuenca, Vicente Chisbert, Cueva, Andreu, Lafuente, Matilde, Parra, Asuncion Marques, Rodrigo, Alejandra Romero, Sanchez-Morcillo, Silvia, Tormo, Sergi, Redondo, Francisco Javier, De Andrés Ibanez, José Antonio, Diago, Lorena Gómez, José Hernández Cádiz, Maria, Manuel, Granell Gil, Peris, Raquel, Saiz, Cristina, Vivo, Jose Tatay, Soto, Maria Teresa Tebar, Brunete, Tamara, Cancho, David, Delgado García, David R., Zamudio, Diana, Del Valle, Santiago Garcia, Serrano, M. Luz, Alonso, Eduardo, Anillo, Victor, Maseda, Emilio, Salgado, Patricia, Suarez, Luis, Suarez-de-la-Rica, Alejandro, Villagrán, María José, Alonso, José Ignacio, Cabezuelo, Estefania, Garcia-Saiz, Irene, Lopez del Moral, Olga, Martín, Silvia, Gonzalez, Alba Perez, Doncel, Ma Sherezade Tovar, Vera, Martin Agüero, José Ávila Sánchez, Francisco, Castaño, Beatriz, Moreira, Beatriz Castaño, Risco, Sahely Flores, Martín, Daniel Paz, Martín, Fernando Pérez, Poza, Paloma, Ruiz, Adela, Serna Martínez, Wilson Fabio, Vicente, Bárbara Vázquez, Dominguez, Saul Velaz, Fernández, Salvador, Munoz-López, Alfonso, Bernat, Maria Jose, Mas, Arantxa, Planas, Kenneth, Jawad, Monir, Saeed, Yousif, Hedin, Annika, Levander, Helena, Holmström, Sandra, Lönn, David, Zoerner, Frank, Åkring, Irene, Widmark, Carl, Zettergren, Jan, Liljequist, Victor Aspelund, Nystrom, Lena, Odeberg-Wernerman, Suzanne, Oldner, Anders, Fagerlund, Malin Jonsson, Reje, Patrik, Lyckner, Sara, Sperber, Jesper, Adolfsson, Anne, Klarin, Bengt, Ögren, Katrin, Barras, Jean-Pierre, Bührer, Thomas, Despotidis, Vasileios, Helmy, Naeder, Holliger, Stephan, Raptis, Dimitri Aristotle, Schmid, Roger, Meyer, Antoine, Jaquet, Yves, Kessler, Ulf, Muradbegovic, Mirza, Nahum, Solange R., Rotunno, Teresa, Schiltz, Boris, Voruz, François, Worreth, Marc, Christoforidis, Dimitri, Popeskou, Sotirios Georgios, Furrer, Markus, Prevost, Gian Andrea, Stocker, Andrea, Lang, Klaus, Breitenstein, Stefan, Ganter, Michael T., Geisen, Martin, Soll, Christopher, Korkmaz, Michelle, Lubach, Iris, Schmitz, Michael, Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Moritz, Moritz, Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Zingg, Urs, Hillermann, Thomas, Wildi, Stefan, Pinto, Bernardo Bollen, Walder, Bernhard, Mariotti, Giustina, Slankamenac, Ksenija, Namuyuga, Mirioce, Kyomugisha, Edward, Kituuka, Olivia, Shikanda, Anne Wesonga, Kakembo, Nasser, Tom, Charles Otim, Antonina, Webombesa, Bua, Emmanuel, Ssettabi, Eden Michael, Epodoi, Joseph, Kabagenyi, Fiona, Kirya, Fred, Dempsey, Ged, Seasman, Colette, Nawaz Khan, Raja Basit, Kurasz, Claire, Macgregor, Mark, Shawki, Burhan, Francis, Daren, Hariharan, Vimal, Chau, Simon, Ellis, Kate, Butt, Georgina, Chicken, Dennis-Wayne, Christmas, Natasha, Allen, Samantha, Daniel, Gayatri Daniel, Dempster, Angie, Kemp, Juliette, Matthews, Lewis, Mcglone, Philip, Tambellini, Joanne, Trodd, Dawn, Freitas, Katie, Garg, Atul, Gupta, Janesh Kumar, Karpate, Shilpaja, Kulkarni, Aditi, O'Hara, Chloe, Troko, Jtroko, Angus, Kirsty, Bradley, Jacqueline, Brennan, Emma, Brooks, Carolyn, Brown, Janette, Brown, Gemma, Finch, Amanda, Gratrix, Karen, Hesketh, Sue, Hill, Gillian, Jeffs, Carol, Morgan, Maureen, Pemberton, Chris, Slawson, Nicola, Spickett, Helen, Swarbrick, Gemma, Thomas, Megan, Van Duyvenvoorde, Greta, Brennan, Andrew, Briscoe, Richard, Cooper, Sarah, Lawton, Tom, Northey, Martin, Senaratne, Rashmi, Stanworth, Helen, Burrows, Lorna, Cain, Helen, Craven, Rachael, Davies, Keith, Jonas, Attila, Pachucki, Marcin, Walkden, Graham, Davies, Helen, Gudaca, Mariethel, Hobrok, Maria, Arawwawala, Dilshan, Fergey, Lauren, Gardiner, Matthew, Gunn, Jacqueline, Johnson, Lyndsay, Lofting, Amanda, Lyle, Amanda, Neela, Fiona Mc, Smolen, Susan, Topliffe, Joanne, Williams, Sarah, Bland, Martin, Balaji, Packianathaswamy, Kaura, Vikas, Lanka, Prasad, Smith, Neil, Ahmed, Ahmed, Myatt, John, Shenoy, Ravikiran, Soon, Wai Cheong, Tan, Jessica, Karadia, Sunny, Self, James, Durant, Emma, Tripathi, Shiva, Bullock, Clare, Campbell, Debbie, Ghosh, Alison, Hughes, Thomas, Zsisku, Lajos, Bengeri, Sheshagiri, Cowton, Amanda, Khalid, Mohammed Shazad, Limb, James, McAdam, Colin, Porritt, Mandy, Rafi, M. 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Alexander, Lockwood, Geoffrey, Tsakok, Maria, Tsiligiannis, Sophia, Peat, William, Stephenson, Lorraine, Bradburn, Mike, Pick, Sara, Cunha, Pedro, Olagbaiye, Olufemi, Tayeh, Salim, Packianathaswamy, Balaji, Abernethy, Caroline, Balasubramaniam, Madhu, Bennett, Rachael, Bolton, David, Martinson, Victoria, Naylor, Charde, Bell, Stephanie, Heather, Blaylock, Kushakovsky, Vlad, Alcock, Liam, Alexander, Hazel, Anderson, Colette, Baker, Paul, Brookes, Morag, Cawthorn, Louise, Cirstea, Emanuel, Clarkson, Rachel, Colling, Kerry, Coulter, Ian, Das, Suparna, Haigh, Kathryn, Hamdan, Alhafidz, Hugill, Keith, Kottam, Lucksy, Lisseter, Emily, Mawdsley, Matthew, McGivern, Julie, Padala, Krishnaveni, Phelps, Victoria, Ramesh kumar, Vineshykaa, Stewart, Kirsten, Towse, Kayley, Tregonning, Julie, Vahedi, Ali, Walker, Alycon, Baines, Duncan, Bilolikar, Anjali, Chande, Shiv, Copley, Edward, Dunk, Nigel, Kulkarni, Raghavendra, Kumar, Pawan, Metodiev, Yavor, Ncomanzi, Dumisani, Raithatha, Bhavesh, Raymode, Parizade, Szafranski, Jan, Twohey, Linda, Watt, Philip, Weatherall, Lucie, Weatherill, J., Whitman, Zoe, Wighton, Elinor, Abayasinghe, Chamika, Chan, Alexander, Darwish, Sharif, Gill, James, Glasgow, Emma, Hadfield, Daniel, Harris, Clair, Hopkins, Phil, Kochhar, Arun, Kunst, Gudrun, Mellis, Clare, Pool, Andrew, Riozzi, Paul, Selman, Andrew, Smith, Emma-Jane, Vele, Liana, Gercek, Yuksel, Guy, Kramer, Holden, Douglas, Watson, Nicholas, Whysall, Karen, Andreou, Prematie, Hales, Dawn, Thompson, Jonathan, Bowrey, Sarah, McDonald, Shara, Gilmore, Jemma, Hills, Vicky, Kelly, Chan, Kelly, Sinead, Lloyd, Geraint, Abbott, Tom, Gall, Lewis, Torrance, Hew, Vivian, Mark, Berntsen, Emer, Nolan, Tracey, Turner, Angus, Vohra, Akbar, Brown, Andrew, Clark, Richard, Coughlan, Elaine, Daniel, Conway, Patvardhan, Chinmay, Pearson, Rachel, Predeep, Sheba, Saad, Hesham, Shanmugam, Mohanakrishnan, Varley, Simon, Wylie, Katharine, Cooper, Lucy, Makowski, Arystarch, Misztal, Beata, Moldovan, Eliza, Pegg, Claire, Donovan, Andrew, Foot, Jayne, Large, Simon, Claxton, Andrew, Netke, Bhagyashree, Armstrong, Richard, Calderwood, Claire, Kwok, Andy, Mohr, Otto, Oyeniyi, Peter, Patnaik, Lisa, Post, Benjamin, Ali, Sarah, Arshad, Homa, Baker, Gerard, Brenner, Laura, Brincat, Maximilian, Brunswicker, Annemarie, Cox, Hannah, Cozar, Octavian Ionut, Cheong, Edward, Durst, Alexander, Fengas, Lior, Flatt, Jim, Glister, Georgina, Narwani, Vishal, Photi, Evangelos, Rankin, Adeline, Rosbergen, Melissa, Tan, Mark, Beaton, Ceri, Horn, Rachel, Hunt, Jane, Rousseau, Guy, Stancombe, Lucia, Absar, Mohammed, Allsop, Joanne, Drinkwater, Zoe, Hodgkiss, Tracey, Smith, Kirsty, Brown, Jamie, Alexander-Sefre, Farhad, Campey, Lorraine, Dudgeon, Lucy, Hall, Kathryn, Hitchcock, Rachael, James, Lynne, Smith, Kate, Winstone, Ulrika, Ahmad, Norfaizan, Bauchmuller, Kris, Harrison, Jonathan, Jeffery, Holly, Miller, Duncan, Pinder, Angela, Pothuneedi, Sailaja, Rosser, Jonathan, Sanghera, Sumayer, Swift, Diane, Walker, Rachel, Bester, Delia, Cavanagh, Sarah, Cripps, Heather, Daniel, Harvey, Lynch, Julie, Paton, Alison, Pyke, Shirley, Scholefield, John, Whitworth, Helen, Bottrill, Fiona, Ramalingam, Ganesh, Webb, Stephen, Akerman, Nik, Antill, Philip, Bourner, Lynsey, Buckley, Sarah, Castle, Gail, Charles, Rob, Eggleston, Christopher, Foster, Rebecca, Gill, Satwant, Lindley, Kate, Lklouk, Mohamed, Lowery, Tracey, Martin, Oliver, Milne, David, O'Connor, Patrick, Ratcliffe, Andrew, Rose, Alastair, Smith, Annie, Varma, Sandeep, Ward, Jackie, Barcraft-Barnes, Helena, Camsooksai, Julie, Colvin, Carolyn, Reschreiter, Henrik, Tbaily, Lee, Venner, Nicola, Hamilton, Caroline, Kelly, Lewis, Toth-Tarsoly, Piroska, Dodsworth, Kerry, Foord, Denise, Gordon, Paul, Hawes, Elizabeth, Lamb, Nikki, Mouland, Johanna, Nightingale, Jeremy, Rose, Steve, Schrieber, Joe, Al'Amri, Khalid, Aladin, Hafiz, Arshad, Mohammed Asif, Barraclough, James, Bentley, Conor, Bergin, Colin, Carrera, Ronald, Clarkson, Aisling, Collins, Michelle, Cooper, Lauren, Denham, Samuel, Griffiths, Ewen, Ip, Peter, Jeyanthan, Somasundaram, Joory, Kavita, Kaur, Satwant, Marriott, Paul, Mitchell, Natalie, Nagaiah, Sukumar, Nilsson, Annette, Parekh, Nilesh, Pope, Martin, Seager, Joseph, Serag, Hosam, Tameem, Alifia, Thomas, Anna, Thunder, Joanne, Torrance, Andrew, Vohra, Ravinder, Arlo whitehouse, Wong, Tony, Blunt, Mark, Wong, Kate, Giles, Julian, Reed, Isabelle, Weller, Debbie, Bell, Gillian, Birch, Julie, Damant, Rose, Maiden, Jane, Mewies, Clare, Prince, Claire, Radford, Jane, Reynolds, Tim, Balain, Birender, Banerjee, Robin, Barnett, Andrew, Burston, Ben, Davies, Kirsty, Edwards, Jayne, Evans, Chris, Ford, David, Gallacher, Pete, Hill, Simon, Jaffray, David, Karlakki, Sudheer, Kelly, Cormac, Kennedy, Julia, Kiely, Nigel, Lewthwaite, Simon, Marquis, Chris, Ockendon, Matthew, Phillips, Stephen, Pickard, Simon, Richardson, James, Roach, Richard, Smith, Tony, Spencer-Jones, Richard, Steele, Niall, Steen, Julie, Van Liefland, Marck, White, Steve, Faulds, Matthew, Harris, Meredyth, Kelly, Carrie, Nicol, Scott, Pearson, Sally Anne, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Andrew, Alyson, Attrill, Elizabeth, Campbell, Graham, Datson, Amanda, Fouracres, Anna, Graterol, Juan, Graves, Lynne, Hong, Bosun, Ishimaru, Alexander, Karthikeyan, Arvind, King, Helen, Lawson, Tom, Lee, Gregory, Lyons, Saoirse, Hall, Andrew Macalister, Mathoulin, Sophie, Mcintyre, Eilidh, Mclaughlin, Danny, Mulcahy, Kathleen, Paddle, Jonathan, Ratcliffe, Anna, Robbins, James, Sung, Weilin, Tayo, Adeoluwa, Trembath, Lisa, Venugopal, Suneetha, Walker, Robert, Wigmore, Geoffrey, Boereboom, Catherine, Downes, Charlotte, Humphries, Ryan, Melbourne, Susan, Smith, Coral, Tou, Samson, Ullah, Shafa, Batchelor, Nick, Boxall, Leigh, Broomby, Rupert, Deen, Tariq, Hellewell, Alistair, Helliwell, Laurence, Hutchings, Melanie, Hutchins, David, Keenan, Samantha, Mackie, Donna, Potter, Alison, Smith, Frances, Stone, Lucy, Thorpe, Kevin, Wassall, Richard, Woodgate, Andrew, Baillie, Shelley, Campbell, Tara, James, Sarah, King, Chris, Marques de Araujo, Daniela, Martin, Daniel, Morkane, Clare, Neely, Julia, Rajendram, Rajkumar, Burton, Megan, James, Kathryn, Keevil, Edward, Minik, Orsolya, Morgan, Jenna, Musgrave, Anna, Rajanna, Harish, Roberts, Tracey, Adamson, Michael, Jumbe, Sandra, Kendall, Jennie, Muthuswamy, Mohan Babu, Anderson, Charlotte, Cruikshanks, Andrew, Wrench, Ian, Zeidan, Lisa, Ardern, Diane, Harris, Benjamin, Hellstrom, Johanna, Martin, Jane, Thomas, Richard, Varsani, Nimu, Brown, Caroline Wrey, Docherty, Philip, Gillies, Michael, McGregor, Euan, Usher, Helen, Craig, Jayne, Smith, Andrew, Ahmad, Tahania, Bodger, Phoebe, Creary, Thais, Fowler, Alexander, Hewson, Russ, Ijuo, Eke, Jones, Timothy, Kantsedikas, Ilya, Lahiri, Sumitra, McLean, Aaron Lawson, Niebrzegowska, Edyta, Phull, Mandeep, Wang, Difei, Wickboldt, Nadine, Baldwin, Jacqueline, Doyle, Donna, Mcmullan, Sean, Oladapo, Michelle, Owen, Thomas, Williams, Alexandra, Daniel, Hull, Gregory, Peter, Husain, Tauqeer, Kirk-Bayley, Justin, Mathers, Edward, Montague, Laura, Harper, Mark, White, Stuart, Jack, James, Ridley, Carrie, Avis, Joanne, Cook, Tim, Dali-Kemmery, Lola, Kerslake, Ian, Lambourne, Victoria, Pearson, Annabel, Boyd, Christine, Callaghan, Mark, Lawson, Cathy, McCrossan, Roopa, Nesbitt, Vanessa, O'connor, Laura, Scott, Julia, Sinclair, Rhona, Farid, Nahla, Morgese, Ciro, Bhatia, Kailash, Karmarkar, Swati, Ahmed, Jamil, Branagan, Graham, Hutton, Monica, Swain, Andrew, Brookes, Jamie, Cornell, Jonathan, Dolan, Rachael, Hulme, Jonathan, Jansen van Vuuren, Amanda, Jowitt, Tom, Kalashetty, Gunasheela, Lloyd, Fran, Patel, Kiran, Sherwood, Nicholas, Brown, Lynne, Chandler, Ben, Deighton, Kerry, Emma, Temlett, Haunch, Kirsty, Cheeseman, Michelle, Dent, Kathy, Garg, Sanjeev, Gray, Carol, Hood, Marion, Jones, Dawn, Juj, Joanne, Rao, Roshan, Walker, Tara, Al Anizi, Mashel, Cheah, Clarissa, Cheing, Yushio, Coutinho, Francisco, Gondo, Prisca, Hadebe, Bernard, Hove, Mazvangu Onie, Ahamed khader, Krishnachetty, Bobby, Rhodes, Karen, Sokhi, Jagdish, Baker, Katie-Anne, Bertram, Wendy, Looseley, Alex, Mouton, Ronelle, Hanna, George, Arnold, Glenn, Arya, Shobhit, Balfoussia, Danai, Baxter, Linden, Harris, James, Jones, Craig, Knaggs, Alison, Markar, Sheraz, Perera, Anisha, Scott, Alasdair, Shida, Asako, Sirha, Ravneet, Wright, Sally, Frost, Victoria, Gray, Catherine, Andrews, Emma, Arrandale, Lindsay, Barrett, Stephen, Cifra, Elna, Cooper, Mariese, Dragnea, Dragos, Elna, Cifra, Maclean, Jennifer, Meier, Sonja, Milliken, Donald, Munns, Christopher, Ratanshi, Nadir, Ramessur, Suneil, Salvana, Abegail, Watson, Anthony, Ali, Hani, Campbell, Gill, Critchley, Rebecca, Endersby, Simon, Hicks, Catherine, Liddle, Alison, Pass, Marc, Ritchie, Charlotte, Thomas, Charlotte, Too, Lingxi, Welsh, Sarah, Gill, Talvinder, Johnson, Joanne, Reed, Joanne, Davis, Edward, Papadopoullos, Sam, Attwood, Clare, Biffen, Andrew, Boulton, Kerenza, Gray, Sophie, Hay, David, Mills, Sarah, Montgomery, Jane, Riddell, Rory, Simpson, James, Bhardwaj, Neeraj, Paul, Elaine, Uwubamwen, Nosakhare, Alexander, Maini, Arrich, James, Arumugam, Swarna, Blackwood, Douglas, Boggiano, Victoria, Brown, Robyn, Chan, Yik Lam, Chatterjee, Devnandan, Chhabra, Ashok, Christian, Rachel, Costelloe, Hannah, Matthewman, Madeline Coxwell, Dalton, Emma, Darko, Julia, Davari, Maria, Dave, Tejal, Deacon, Matthew, Deepak, Shantal, Edmond, Holly, Ellis, Jessica, El-Sayed, Ahmed, Eneje, Philip, English, Rose, Ewe, Renee, Foers, William, Franklin, John, Gallego, Laura, Garrett, Emily, Goldberg, Olivia, Goss, Harry, Greaves, Rosanna, Harris, Rudy, Hennings, Charles, Jones, Eleanor, Kamali, Nelson, Kokkinos, Naomi, Lewis, Carys, Lignos, Leda, Malgapo, Evaleen Victoria, Malik, Rizwana, Milne, Andrew, Mulligan, John-Patrick, Nicklin, Philippa, Palipane, Natasha, Parsons, Thomas, Piper, Rebecca, Prakash, Rohan, Ramesh, Byron, Rasip, Sarah, Reading, Jacob, Rela, Mariam, Reyes, Anna, Stephens, Robert, Rooms, Martin, Shah, Karishma, Simons, Henry, Solanki, Shalil, Spowart, Emma, Stevens, Amy, Thomas, Christopher, Waggett, Helena, Yassaee, Arrash, Kennedy, Anthony, Scott, Sara, Somanath, Sameer, Berg, Andrew, Hernandez, Miguel, Nanda, Rajesh, Tank, Ghanshyambhai, Wilson, Natalie, Wilson, Debbie, Al-Soudaine, Yassr, Baldwin, Matthew, Cornish, Julie, Davies, Zoe, Davies, Leigh, Edwards, Marc, Frewer, Natasha, Gallard, Sian, Glasbey, James, Harries, Rhiannon, Hopkins, Luke, Kim, Taeyang, Koompirochana, Vilavan, Lawson, Simon, Lewis, Megan, Makzal, Zaid, Scourfield, Sarah, Ahmad, Yousra, Bates, Sarah, Blackwell, Clare, Bryant, Helen, Collins, Hannah, Coulter, Suzanne, Cruickshank, Ross, Daniel, Sonya, Daubeny, Thomas, Edwards, Mark, Golder, Kim, Hawkins, Lesley, Helen, Bryant, Hinxman, Honor, Levett, Denny, Salmon, Karen, Seaward, Leanne, Skinner, Ben, Tyrell, Bryony, Wadams, Beverley, Walsgrove, Joseph, Dickson, Jane, Constantin, Kathryn, Karen, Markwell, O'Brien, Peter, O'Donohoe, Lynn, Payne, Hannah, Sundayi, Saul, Walker, Elaine, Brooke, Jenny, Cardy, Jon, Humphreys, Sally, Kessack, Laura, Kubitzek, Christiane, Kumar, Suhas, Cotterill, Donna, Hodzovic, Emil, Hosdurga, Gurunath, Miles, Edward, Saunders, Glenn, Campbell, Marta, Chan, Peter, Jemmett, Kim, Raj, Ashok, Naik, Aditi, Oshowo, Ayo, Ramamoorthy, Rajarajan, Shah, Nimesh, Sylvan, Axel, Blyth, Katharine, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Freeman, David, Johnson, Emily, Lo, Philip, Martin, Terry, Plunkett, Emma, Wollaston, Julie, Allison, Joanna, Carroll, Christine, Craw, Nicholas, Craw, Sarah, Pitt-Kerby, Tressy, Rowland-Axe, Rebecca, Spurdle, Katie, McDonald, Andrew, Simon, Davies, Sinha, Vivek, Smith, Thomas, Banner-Goodspeed, Valerie, Boone, Myles, Campbell, Kathleen, Lu, Fengxin, Scannell, Joseph, Sobol, Julia, Balajonda, Naraida, Clemmons, Karen, Conde, Carlos, Elgasim, Magdi, Funk, Bonita, Hall, Roger, Hopkins, Thomas, Olaleye, Omowunmi, Omer, Omer, Pender, Michelle, Porto, Angelo, Stevens, Alice, Waweru, Peter, Yeh, Erlinda, Bodansky, Daniella, Evans, Adam, Kleopoulos, Steven, Maril, Robert, Mathney, Edward, Sanchez, Angela, Tinuoye, Elizabeth, Bateman, Brian, Eng, Kristen, Jiang, Ning, Ladha, Karim, Needleman, Joseph, Chen, Lee-lynn, Lane, Rondall, Robinowitz, David, Ghushe, Neil, Irshad, Mariam, O'Connor, John, Patel, Samir, Takemoto, Steven, Wallace, Art, Mazzeffi, Michael, Rock, Peter, Wallace, Karin, Zhu, Xiaomao, Chua, Pandora, Mattera, Matthew, Sharar, Rebecca, Thilen, Stephan, Treggiari, Miriam, Morgan, Angela, Sofjan, Iwan, Subramaniam, Kathirvel, Avidan, Michael, Maybrier, Hannah, Muench, Maxwell, Wildes, Troy, Abbott, T.E.F., Ahmad, T., Phull, M.K., Fowler, A.J., Hewson, R., Biccard, B.M., Chew, M.S., Gillies, M., and Pearse, R.M.

Published
2018
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22. Poly-β-(1→6)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine mediates surface attachment, biofilm formation, and biocide resistance in Cutibacterium acnes.

Author

Kaplan, Jeffrey B., Cywes-Bentley, Colette, Pier, Gerald B., Yakandawala, Nandadeva, Sailer, Miloslav, Edwards, Marc S., and Kridin, Khalaf

Subjects
CUTIBACTERIUM acnes, BIOFILMS, ARTIFICIAL implants, OPPORTUNISTIC infections, BENZOYL peroxide, MONOCLONAL antibodies
Abstract

Background: The commensal skin bacterium Cutibacterium acnes plays a role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris and also causes opportunistic infections of implanted medical devices due to its ability to form biofilms on biomaterial surfaces. Poly-β-(1→6)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (PNAG) is an extracellular polysaccharide that mediates biofilm formation and biocide resistance in a wide range of bacterial pathogens. The objective of this study was to determine whether C. acnes produces PNAG, and whether PNAG contributes to C. acnes biofilm formation and biocide resistance in vitro. Methods: PNAG was detected on the surface of C. acnes cells by fluorescence confocal microscopy using the antigen-specific human IgG1 monoclonal antibody F598. PNAG was detected in C. acnes biofilms by measuring the ability of the PNAG-specific glycosidase dispersin B to inhibit biofilm formation and sensitize biofilms to biocide killing. Results: Monoclonal antibody F598 bound to the surface of C. acnes cells. Dispersin B inhibited attachment of C. acnes cells to polystyrene rods, inhibited biofilm formation by C. acnes in glass and polypropylene tubes, and sensitized C. acnes biofilms to killing by benzoyl peroxide and tetracycline. Conclusion: C. acnes produces PNAG, and PNAG contributes to C. acnes biofilm formation and biocide resistance in vitro. PNAG may play a role in C. acnes skin colonization, biocide resistance, and virulence in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. Seasonal Fluctuations in Nitrate Levels Can Trigger Lead Solder Corrosion Problems in Drinking Water

Author

Lopez, Kathryn G., Xiao, Jinghua, Crockett, Christopher, Lytle, Christian, Grubbs, Haley, Edwards, Marc A., Lopez, Kathryn G., Xiao, Jinghua, Crockett, Christopher, Lytle, Christian, Grubbs, Haley, and Edwards, Marc A.

Abstract

After a utility switched its source water from ground to surface water in 2017, first draw water lead levels spiked due to increased lead solder corrosion that could not be explained by existing knowledge. When lead release was not adequately reduced with a 90:10 orthophosphate/polyphosphate corrosion inhibitor blend or even high levels of 100% orthophosphate, an in-depth investigation of possible causes revealed a strong correlation between 90th percentile lead and seasonal fluctuations in surface water nitrate levels. Complementary bench-scale studies that tested new copper coupons with lead solder and harvested pipes from a worst case home verified a strong relationship between nitrate and elevated lead. Lead release in the presence of nitrate became increasingly erratic with time, resulting in the spalling of large lead solder particulates up to 7 mm in length into the water. Lead levels were occasionally >1000 ppb in homes and >100000 ppb in the bench experiments with harvested pipe. Orthophosphate was unable to sufficiently reduce lead levels below the action level during periods with high nitrate levels in the bench studies. Water utilities and regulators should proactively consider possible unintended consequences of higher nitrate levels on lead release when changing source waters or during seasonal runoff events.

Published
2023

25. Reflections from the 2022 CREATE Workshop

Author

Coyne, Rory and Edwards, Marc Lewis Emrys

Subjects
Health Psychology, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Conferences, Psychology(all), Applied Psychology
Published
2023

29. Bottled and Well Water Quality in a Small Central Appalachian Community: Household-Level Analysis of Enteric Pathogens, Inorganic Chemicals, and Health Outcomes in Rural Southwest Virginia

Author

Cohen, Alasdair, primary, Rasheduzzaman, Md, additional, Darling, Amanda, additional, Krometis, Leigh-Anne, additional, Edwards, Marc, additional, Brown, Teresa, additional, Ahmed, Tahmina, additional, Wettstone, Erin, additional, Pholwat, Suporn, additional, Taniuchi, Mami, additional, and Rogawski-McQuade, Elizabeth T., additional

Published
2022
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43. Bottled and Well Water Quality in a Small Central Appalachian Community: Household-Level Analysis of Enteric Pathogens, Inorganic Chemicals, and Health Outcomes in Rural Southwest Virginia

Author

Cohen, Alasdair, Rasheduzzaman, Md, Darling, Amanda, Krometis, Leigh-Anne H., Edwards, Marc A., Brown, Teresa, Ahmed, Tahmina, Wettstone, Erin, Pholwat, Suporn, Taniuchi, Mami, Rogawski McQuade, Elizabeth T., Cohen, Alasdair, Rasheduzzaman, Md, Darling, Amanda, Krometis, Leigh-Anne H., Edwards, Marc A., Brown, Teresa, Ahmed, Tahmina, Wettstone, Erin, Pholwat, Suporn, Taniuchi, Mami, and Rogawski McQuade, Elizabeth T.

Abstract

Consumption of unsafe drinking water is associated with a substantial burden of disease globally. In the US, ~1.8 million people in rural areas lack reliable access to safe drinking water. Our objective was to characterize and assess household-level water sources, water quality, and associated health outcomes in Central Appalachia. We collected survey data and water samples (tap, source, and bottled water) from consenting households in a small rural community without utility-supplied water in southwest Virginia. Water samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, total coliforms, E. coli, nitrate, sulfate, metals (e.g., arsenic, cadmium, lead), and 30+ enteric pathogens. Among the 69% (n = 9) of households that participated, all had piped well water, though 67% (n = 6) used bottled water as their primary drinking water source. Total coliforms were detected in water samples from 44.4% (n = 4) of homes, E. coli in one home, and enteric pathogens (Aeromonas, Campylobacter, Enterobacter) in 33% (n = 3) of homes. Tap water samples from 11% (n = 1) of homes exceeded the EPA MCL for nitrate, and 33% (n = 3) exceeded the EPA SMCL for iron. Among the 19 individuals residing in study households, reported diarrhea was 25% more likely in homes with measured E. coli and/or specific pathogens (risk ratio = 1.25, cluster-robust standard error = 1.64, p = 0.865). Although our sample size was small, our findings suggest that a considerable number of lower-income residents without utility-supplied water in rural areas of southwest Virginia may be exposed to microbiological and/or chemical contaminants in their water, and many, if not most, rely on bottled water as their primary source of drinking water.

Published
2022

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