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1. Cognitive bias modification of interpretations for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: A meta‐analysis

Author

Gemma Sicouri, Emily K. Daniel, Michael J. Spoelma, Elske Salemink, Emma A. McDermott, and Jennifer L. Hudson

Subjects
adolescent, anxiety, children, depression, interpretation bias modification, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Abstract Background Evidence suggests that cognitive bias modification of interpretations (CBM‐I) is effective in modifying interpretation biases and has a small effect on reducing anxiety in children and adolescents. However, most evidence to date is based on studies which report anxiety or general distress using ad‐hoc Likert‐type or Visual Analogue Scales, which are useful but do not reliably index symptoms of clinical importance. This meta‐analysis aimed to establish the effects of CBM‐I for children and adolescents on both anxiety and depression using psychometrically validated symptom measures, as well as state negative affect and negative and positive interpretation bias. Methods We identified studies through a systematic search. To be eligible for inclusion, studies needed to target interpretation biases, not combine CBM‐I with another intervention, randomly allocate participants to CBM‐I or a control condition, assess a mental health outcome (i.e., anxiety or depression symptoms using validated measures or state measures of negative affect) and/or interpretation bias and have a mean age less than 18 years. Results We identified 36 studies for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. CBM‐I had a small and non‐significant unadjusted effect on anxiety symptoms (g = 0.16), no effect on depression symptoms (g = −0.03), and small and non‐significant unadjusted effects on state negative affect both at post‐training (g = 0.16) and following a stressor task (g = 0.23). In line with previous findings, CBM‐I had moderate to large unadjusted effects on negative and positive interpretations (g = 0.78 and g = 0.52). No significant moderators were identified. Conclusions CBM‐I is effective at modifying interpretation bias, however there were no effects on mental health outcomes. The substantial variability across studies and paucity of studies using validated symptom measures highlight the need to establish randomized controlled trial protocols that evaluate CBM‐I in clinical youth samples to determine its future as a clinical intervention.

Published
2024
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3. Expression of active B-Raf proto-oncogene in kidney collecting ducts induces cyst formation in normal mice and accelerates cyst growth in mice with polycystic kidney disease

Author

Stephen C. Parnell, Archana Raman, Yan Zhang, Emily A. Daniel, Yuqiao Dai, Aditi Khanna, Gail A. Reif, Jay L. Vivian, Timothy A. Fields, and Darren P. Wallace

Subjects
Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases, Cysts, Mice, Transgenic, Receptors, Cell Surface, Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant, Fibrosis, Arginine Vasopressin, Mice, Nephrology, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, Proto-Oncogenes, Cyclic AMP, Animals, Kidney Tubules, Collecting, Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive
Abstract

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is characterized by the formation and progressive enlargement of fluid-filled cysts due to abnormal cell proliferation. Cyclic AMP agonists, including arginine vasopressin, stimulate ERK-dependent proliferation of cystic cells, but not normal kidney cells. Previously, B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF), a MAPK kinase kinase that activates MEK-ERK signaling, was shown to be a central intermediate in the cAMP mitogenic response. However, the role of BRAF on cyst formation and enlargement in vivo had not been demonstrated. To determine if active BRAF induces kidney cyst formation, we generated transgenic mice that conditionally express BRAF

Published
2022
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4. CaMK4 overexpression in polycystic kidney disease promotes mTOR-mediated cell proliferation

Author

Yan Zhang, Emily A Daniel, July Metcalf, Yuqiao Dai, Gail A Reif, and Darren P Wallace

Subjects
Genetics, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Molecular Biology
Abstract

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by progressive enlargement of fluid-filled cysts, causing nephron loss and a decline in renal function. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is overactive in cyst-lining cells and contributes to abnormal cell proliferation and cyst enlargement; however, the mechanism for mTOR stimulation remains unclear. We discovered that calcium/calmodulin (CaM) dependent kinase IV (CaMK4), a multifunctional kinase, is overexpressed in the kidneys of ADPKD patients and PKD mouse models. In human ADPKD cells, CaMK4 knockdown reduced mTOR abundance and the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K), a downstream target of mTOR. Pharmacologic inhibition of CaMK4 with KN-93 reduced phosphorylated S6K and S6 levels and inhibited cell proliferation and in vitro cyst formation of ADPKD cells. Moreover, inhibition of calcium/CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase-β and CaM, two key upstream regulators of CaMK4, also decreased mTOR signaling. The effects of KN-93 were independent of the liver kinase B1–adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, and the combination of KN-93 and metformin, an AMPK activator, had additive inhibitory effects on mTOR signaling and in vitro cyst growth. Our data suggest that increased CaMK4 expression and activity contribute to mTOR signaling and the proliferation of cystic cells of ADPKD kidneys.

Published
2022

5. Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of an Equitable Futures Program for Urban Public Schools

Author

Stephanie Khaziran, Emily Hong Daniel, Mio Tsukamoto Berk, and Christine J. Yeh

Subjects
050106 general psychology & cognitive sciences, Medical education, Social connectedness, 05 social sciences, 050109 social psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sample (statistics), School engagement, Space (commercial competition), Psychology, Futures contract
Abstract

We describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a culturally-responsive college access program, Make It Happen, aimed at increasing educational opportunity for historically-targeted middle and high school students. The sample included 254 participants who participated in the evidence-based 10-session program. These participants completed surveys before and after the program which inquired about their (1) school engagement, (2) social connectedness, and (3) academic and college help-seeking self-efficacy. T-test analyses were conducted and determined the participants at post-test, felt significantly more engaged at school, more connected to others, and more self-efficacious in seeking support for information about academics and college. The authors describe the importance of working with teachers, school staff, and counselors to foster a supportive and positive exploratory space for students who could benefit from learning about their future options (Beesley, 2004; Yeh, Ching, Okubo, & Luthar, 2007).

Published
2018
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6. Critical Thinking at the Reference Desk: Teaching Students to Manage Technology

Author

Kissane, Emily.; Mollner, Daniel J. and Kissane, Emily.; Mollner, Daniel J.

Abstract

Instruction in critical thinking seeks to focus the student on the process of creating knowledge by encouraging the formulation of thoughtful questions. Similarly, the aim of library research in an academic setting should be to aid the student in the development of a strongly independent but informed intellect.

Published
1993

7. PICTURE THAT WILL BREAK YOUR HEART.

Author

Emily Kent; Daniel Bates

Abstract

FACES down in the muddy water, this is the father and daughter who drowned in a desperate bid to find a better life in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2019

8. I set up the Moat Facebook tributes.

Author

Emily andrews; Daniel Martin; Paul sims

Abstract

A YOUNG single mother has admitted setting up the sick Facebook tribute site to gunman Raoul Moat. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2010

9. Absence of association between Plasmodium falciparum small sub-unit ribosomal RNA gene mutations and in vitro decreased susceptibility to doxycycline

Author

Jacques Lebras, François Nosten, Bruno Pradines, Tiphaine Gaillard, Chirapat Wangsing, Véronique Hubert, Sandrine Houzé, Nathalie Wurtz, Sébastien Briolant, Kanlaya Sriprawat, UL, SIMPA, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Sainte Anne, Service de Santé des Armées, Institut de Recherches Biomédicales des Armées, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Mahidol University [Bangkok], University of Oxford, Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé, Laboratoire de Parasitologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), This study was supported by the Délégation Générale pour l’Armement (Grant number 10CO405) and the Institut national de Veille sanitaire (CNR paludisme). The Shoklo Malaria Research Unit is part of the Mahidol Oxford University Research Unit, supported by The Wellcome Trust of Great Britain., French National Reference Centre for Imported Malaria Study Group : Ahmed Aboubacar, Patrice Agnamey, Faïza Ajana, Roger Amira, Nicolas Argy, Sonia Baumard, Pauline Bellanger, Dieudonné Bemba, Jean Beytout, Marie-Laure Bigel, Martine Bloch, Richard Bonnet, Alice Borel, Olivier Bouchaud, Catherine Branger, Fabrice Bruneel, Monique Cambon, Daniel Camus, Enrique Casalino, Jérome Clain, Sandrine Cojean, Bernadette Cuisenier B, Ludovic De Gentile, Jean-Marie Delarbre, Anne Delaval, Rémy Durand, Emmanuel Dutoit, Odile Eloy, Jean-François Faucher, Albert Faye, Odile Fenneteau, Denis Filisetti, Christian Fulleda, Nadine Godineau, Frédéric Grenouillet, Jean-Pierre Hurst, Houria Ichou, Elizabeth Klein E, Sylvie Lariven, Magalie Lefevre, Monique Lemoine, Olivier Lesens, Caroline Lohmann, Daniel Lusina, Marie-Claude Machouart, Robert Mary, Sophie Matheron, Denis Mechali, Audrey Merrens, Laurence Millon, Sébastien Monnier, Emmanuel Mortier, François Moussel, Olivier Pageot, Nathalie Parez, Pierre Patoz, Alexander Pfaff, Marc Pihet, Jean-Etienne Pilo, Isabelle Poilane, Denis Pons, Marie Poupart, Marc Prevel, Lauren Pull, Christophe Rapp, Alexandre Rivier, Emily Ronez, Daniel Rotten, Anne-Laure Simonet, Jean-Yves Siriez, Christophe Strady, Audrey Therby, Michel Thibault, Maxime Thouvenin, Dominique Toubas., INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes ( URMITE ), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes ( URMITE ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales ( MERIT - UMR_D 216 ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire de parasitologie [Cayenne], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Fédération des Laboratoires, Hôpital d'instruction des armées Sainte-Anne, Service de Parasitologie Mycologie [AP-HP Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Shoklo Malaria Research Unit [Mae Sot, Thailand] (Faculty of Tropical Medicine), Mahidol University [Bangkok]-Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), University of Oxford [Oxford]-Mahidol University [Bangkok]-Wellcome Trust-University of Oxford [Oxford]-Wellcome Trust, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Unité de Recherche en Biologie et Epidémiologie Parasitaires, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP), and Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
Genes, Protozoan, Drug Resistance, Drug resistance, Molecular marker, chemistry.chemical_compound, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, MESH: Doxycycline, Malaria, Falciparum, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Plasmodium falciparum, MESH: Inhibitory Concentration 50, Doxycycline, Quinine, biology, MESH: Malaria, Falciparum, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: Genes, Protozoan, MESH: Drug Resistance, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, medicine.drug, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, pfssrRNA, Plasmodium falciparum, Antimalarials, Inhibitory Concentration 50, In vitro, parasitic diseases, MESH: Genes, rRNA, medicine, Humans, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, 16S rRNA, Gene, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, MESH: Humans, Research, Genes, rRNA, Ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Small ribosomal sub-unit RNA gene, MESH: Antimalarials, Malaria, chemistry, Artesunate, Parasitology, Anti-malarial
Abstract

International audience; Background: Doxycycline is an antibiotic used in combination with quinine or artesunate for malaria treatment or alone for malaria chemoprophylaxis. Recently, one prophylactic failure has been reported, and several studies have highlighted in vitro doxycycline decreased susceptibility in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from different areas. The genetic markers that contribute to detecting and monitoring the susceptibility of P. falciparum to doxycycline, the pfmdt and pftetQ genes, have recently been identified. However, these markers are not sufficient to explain in vitro decreased susceptibility of P. falciparum to doxycycline. In this paper, the association between polymorphism of the small sub-unit ribosomal RNA apicoplastic gene pfssrRNA (PFC10_API0057) and in vitro susceptibilities of P. falciparum isolates to doxycycline were investigated.Methods: Doxycycline IC50 determinations using the hypoxanthine uptake inhibition assay were performed on 178 African and Thai P. falciparum isolates. The polymorphism of pfssrRNA was investigated in these samples by standard PCR followed by sequencing.Results: No point mutations were found in pfssrRNA in the Thai or African isolates, regardless of the determined IC50 values.Conclusions: The pfssrRNA gene is not associated with in vitro decreased susceptibility of P. falciparum to doxycycline. Identifying new in vitro molecular markers associated with reduced susceptibility is needed, to survey the emergence of doxycycline resistance.

Published
2015
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