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Palm oil is produced on plantations primarily in Indonesia and Malaysia, which, historically, have been responsible for significant tropical deforestation and ecosystem loss. Driven by a shift away from hydrogenated vegetable oils and its high productivity, palm oil is now part of more than half of all packaged consumer products. Given its centrality across many supply chains, certification schemes have sought to improve environmental sustainability in the palm oil industry. Increasingly, there is an intersection between certification schemes and regulatory drivers. The recent 2023 European Union regulation on deforestation-free products has implications for palm oil and many other forest products. Environmental certification schemes, such as the one developed by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, have the potential to play a critical role in the implementation of this recent policy for palm oil and can serve as model for many other commodities subject to the new Directive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peruvian aquaculture has undergone significant development in the last three decades, however Peruvian aquaculture faces, as every country does, fierce competition and environmental challenges. To overcome these key challenges, environmental certifications can be a strategic tool. This paper analyzes the implementation of environmental certificates in Peruvian aquaculture. Peruvian aquaculture companies with international environmental certificates were located and analyzed through a case study analysis based on a closed-ended questionnaire. In parallel, the same questionnaire was sent to an equal number of non-certified Peruvian aquaculture companies for comparison purposes. Analysis was carried out to characterize the Peruvian aquaculture companies that are environmentally certified and to determine the degree of concern for and commitment to the environmental problems of aquaculture. Finally, the reasons that led to obtaining the certification or not were studied, as were the elements that act as facilitators or barriers to its implementation and the future prospects for the certification of Peruvian aquaculture companies.

The scale of environmental pressure caused by the construction sector has prompted a search for new technical solutions to minimize the negative impact of this part of the national economy on the environment. The drive to evaluate the adopted solutions has led to the creation of building assessment systems - environmental certificates.

Introduction. Environmental certification in accordance with ISO 14001 and EMAS makes it possible to understand and assess the impact of economic activities on ecosystems, as well as to set environmental goals and objectives for improving the activities of enterprises and organizations. The effects of the EMS (environmental management and audit scheme) depend on how companies decide to use them after certification. In this regard, the authors investigate the organizational climate issues associated with the use of ISO 14000 and EMAS series standards to improve the environmental efficiency of companies.Materials and methods. The methodology is presented in the form of an environmental safety model related to the enterprises and organizations, including environmental audit, environmental standardization and environmental assessment of compliance with various environmental requirements at different levels of organization of enterprises’ activities. The object of research is the international environmental standards of the ISO 14000 and EMAS series. The subject of the study is the environmental safety of negative factors in the activities of enterprises and organizations. The concept of the necessity of greening personnel training and a positively environmentally oriented organizational climate in enterprises and organizations is proposed.Results. The implementation of EMS does not always lead to an improvement in the environmental performance of companies. Some companies focus on formal criteria without taking into account real environmental problems. In addition, environmental indicators can take the form of coefficients and can be improved with unchanged or even worsened environmental impact. The organizational climate is important for the realization of EMS goals, especially the attitude of employees to the environment and environmental values. Despite limitations, EMS, environmental audit and ISO 14000 principles can help companies reduce their negative impact on the environment and increase their competitiveness, as well as make more informed choices when planning their activities.Conclusions. The importance of creating an organizational climate for the successful greening of negative factors in the activities of enterprises and organizations is emphasized. There is also a need for a more accurate assessment of the effectiveness of environmental measures when formulating environmental standards and assessing compliance with their implementation.

Palm oil is produced on plantations primarily in Indonesia and Malaysia, which, historically, have been responsible for significant tropical deforestation and ecosystem loss. Driven by a shift away from hydrogenated vegetable oils and its high productivity, palm oil is now part of more than half of all packaged consumer products. Given its centrality across many supply chains, certification schemes have sought to improve environmental sustainability in the palm oil industry. Increasingly, there is an intersection between certification schemes and regulatory drivers. The recent 2023 European Union regulation on deforestation-free products has implications for palm oil and many other forest products. Environmental certification schemes, such as the one developed by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, have the potential to play a critical role in the implementation of this recent policy for palm oil and can serve as model for many other commodities subject to the new Directive.

In light of the gravity of environmental issues, this study investigates the influence of competitive advantage and stakeholder pressure on voluntary environmental disclosures, together with the "certification" mediating variable. The research questions and hypotheses were developed based on the essence of stakeholder and legitimacy theory, within the compass of the resource-based view. Data were collected from numerous listed manufacturing organizations and analyzed following the deductive approach. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that competitive advantage influences and smoothens the attainment of environmental certificates, leading to an impression on voluntary environmental disclosures. The evidence from the study also demystifies the dominance of competitive advantage over environmental disclosures. Furthermore, the associated effect of certification upon environmental disclosure is also established and found worthy. Other factors were not found to be significant. Finally, the study also provides various insightful policy suggestions to the wide range of stakeholders. Plain Language Summary: Perceived Pressures and Motivations forEnvironmental Disclosures: The Role of Certification The main objective of this study is to find out the motivation of voluntary environmental disclosure. This study also justifies the role of authorized certifications as a mediating variable between environmental disclosure and motivation factors. According to the stakeholder theory, legitimacy theory and resource-based view, this paper identified two motivation factors such as pressures and competitive advantage. Applying structural equation model on data set gathered from the listed Bangladeshi companies, the study revealed competitive advantage as a significant motivation factor of environmental disclosure while stakeholder's pressure proved insignificant. Moreover, the study also found significant relationship of acquiring certificates from authorized organisations to receive competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase in the rate of environmental certification of buildings in foreign countries and Russia makes it necessary to study the role of environmental certification in construction, to highlight the degree of influence of environmental standards on architectural space. Consider the features of architectural shaping of buildings certified according to international and Russian environmental standards, and determine their new typology. In the conducted research, the percentage of architectural and technological requirements of foreign and Russian environmental standards in construction is presented. For the analysis of more than eighty environmentally certified buildings, a graph-analytical tabular form using an assessment matrix is used. The characteristic features of the objects of research are identified, similar features are generalized into groups and systematized. Typical architectural planning and engineering measures that are most often used to improve the environmental friendliness rating are identified. The impact of environmental standards requirements on spatial planning solutions is assessed. Identification of the share of architectural and engineering requirements in the assessment of objects according to environmental standards with the definition of a new typology of environmentally certified buildings is important for further improvement of the national environmental standard and the architectural space of Russian cities.

Climate change and the consequent increase in society's environmental awareness have triggered new forms of pressure on companies and the way they face environmental sustainability. Hence, either by legal imposition or by other types of pressures, companies must incorporate the environmental impact of their activities into their responsibilities, without compromising their financial viability. Environmental certification is a common procedure for firms to improve their environmental performance, as well as increase their reputation and image. Notwithstanding, determinants for environmental certification are still poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aims to assess, from a sample of 1,917 Portuguese companies of various sectors and dimensions, the influence of some factors on the probability of a firm adopting the ISO 14001 certification. Results showed that the different variables used as measures of profitability of the firm have a positive impact on its probability of adopting ISO 14001. Other factors with the same effect include the participation of the firm in the stock market and the firm's size. This can be justified by a greater need for large firms to improve their reputation or to have access to some markets where this kind of certification is an obligation. However, it is also possible to observe a certain variation in results depending on the measures of profitability used. Another conclusion is that the fact that a firm is an exporter does not influence its probability to be certified in any of the specifications, something contrary to what has been found in the literature.

Copyright of Themis: Revista de Derecho is the property of Themis Asociacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Environmental problem has become a popular research area. Efforts are being made at an international level for creating a sustainable environment. Hospitality industry is considered to be one of the main industries of a country. It makes contributions in the development of sustainable environment. Hospitality industry is adopting environmental certifications and green hotels concept rapidly. In this research, we performed bibliometric analysis of 49 articles on the topic of importance of environmental certificates for green hotels. Results indicate that majority of the journals have articles with a large number of citations, which indicates that they are high-quality journals. The results indicate that Cornell University, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, and George Washington University are the institutes producing high-quality research work, as 28% of the researchers cited the articles published by the researchers of these universities. Results indicate that universities of Spain and USA are the largest contributors, as they have published 52% the total articles in the area under this study. USA and Spain are considered to be the world superpowers; their interest in this area of research unveils the importance of the topic. The authors Verma, Chan, and Rivera are the core researchers of this area, as they published 20% of the overall articles discussed in this study, which makes them the gurus of the research area.

The increase in the rate of environmental certification of buildings in foreign countries and Russia makes it necessary to study the role of environmental certification in construction, to highlight the degree of influence of environmental standards on architectural space. Consider the features of architectural shaping of buildings certified according to international and Russian environmental standards, and determine their new typology. In the conducted research, the percentage of architectural and technological requirements of foreign and Russian environmental standards in construction is presented. For the analysis of more than eighty environmentally certified buildings, a graph-analytical tabular form using an assessment matrix is used. The characteristic features of the objects of research are identified, similar features are generalized into groups and systematized. Typical architectural planning and engineering measures that are most often used to improve the environmental friendliness rating are identified. The impact of environmental standards requirements on spatial planning solutions is assessed. Identification of the share of architectural and engineering requirements in the assessment of objects according to environmental standards with the definition of a new typology of environmentally certified buildings is important for further improvement of the national environmental standard and the architectural space of Russian cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change and the consequent increase in society's environmental awareness have triggered new forms of pressure on companies and the way they face environmental sustainability. Hence, either by legal imposition or by other types of pressures, companies must incorporate the environmental impact of their activities into their responsibilities, without compromising their financial viability. Environmental certification is a common procedure for firms to improve their environmental performance, as well as increase their reputation and image. Notwithstanding, determinants for environmental certification are still poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aims to assess, from a sample of 1,917 Portuguese companies of various sectors and dimensions, the influence of some factors on the probability of a firm adopting the ISO 14001 certification. Results showed that the different variables used as measures of profitability of the firm have a positive impact on its probability of adopting ISO 14001. Other factors with the same effect include the participation of the firm in the stock market and the firm's size. This can be justified by a greater need for large firms to improve their reputation or to have access to some markets where this kind of certification is an obligation. However, it is also possible to observe a certain variation in results depending on the measures of profitability used. Another conclusion is that the fact that a firm is an exporter does not influence its probability to be certified in any of the specifications, something contrary to what has been found in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational institutions certified according to international and national environmental standards in construction were studied. The equipment of schools and universities with ecological architectural and engineering solutions is analyzed. The sections of environmental standards for certification of educational institutions BREEAM Education (UK), LEED for School New Construction and Major Renovations (USA), GB/T51356-2019 “assessment Standard for green campus” (China), GREEN ZOOM “Universities, campuses and innovative scientific and technological centers” (Russia) are considered. A comparative analysis of the data of environmental certification systems with the allocation of priority areas is carried out. Using the example of Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov (Saratov, Russia), a new concept for the ecological reconstruction of General education institutions is proposed.

Voluntary environmental certification programs have been a popular tool used by governments, industry groups, and nonprofit organizations alike. A central question in the design of such programs is who should pay for them. In a context where firms respond strategically to a certification, the answer to this question is a priori ambiguous and, ultimately, empirical. This paper provides important insights on this question using ENERGY STAR, a voluntary certification program for energy-efficient products, as a case study. I show that firms are highly strategic with respect to this certification and extract consumer surplus associated with certified products via three mechanisms. They offer products that bunch at the certification requirement, differentiate certified products in the energy and nonenergy dimensions, and charge a price premium on certified products. I use these findings to motivate a structural econometric model with firms' strategic behaviors with respect to product line and pricing decisions and to investigate the incidence of a certification licensing fee to fund the certification program. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This study examines the nexus between past financial performance and the adoption of the global reporting initiative (GRI) in China. • Explores the moderating effects of environmental certification on this relationship. • Finds that the effect of financial performance on GRI standard adoption is pronounced in the context of low information transparency. • Offers new insights into the motivations behind voluntary GRI adoption in the context of China, addressing a gap in the existing literature. Numerous firms have adopted the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards to enhance sustainability. Using panel data from 2008 to 2020, we employ logit, probit, complementary log-log, and Cox survival analysis models to explore the factors which affect the adoption of the GRI standards in the context of voluntary disclosure in China. Our findings indicate that past financial performance significantly influences decisions on GRI adoption. Environmental certification moderates the effect of financial performance on GRI adoption. Notably, the cross-sectional test reveals that financial performance plays a stronger role in GRI adoption among companies with low information transparency compared to those with high information transparency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Themis: Revista de Derecho is the property of Themis Asociacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the arising of environmental problems from the construction sector, the sustainability issues gained more space, making sustainability assessment tools emerge. These tools are based on the global definition of sustainability that meets Environmental, Economic, and Social criteria, and each system has a different and peculiar methodology. This paper aims to analyse the structure adopted by these European sustainability assessment systems: BREAM UK, DGBN (Germany), ITACA (Italy), LiderA (Portugal), and HQE (France), showing an overview of each system assisted by the SWOT Matrix, enabling the reader to better understand their differences. There are no superior or inferior systems, but each system notably performs much better in a subject or goal.

Copyright of Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The articleaims to explore the role of horizontal product differentiation in promoting/hindering firm's participation in environmental certification. To this purpose, we consider a differentiated duopoly model where firms compete in both prices and environmental qualities. The result shows that when the level of horizontal differentiation relative to the degree of vertical differentiation is sufficiently high, only the symmetric equilibrium where both firms choose to or both choose not to certify their products exists. Asymmetric equilibrium (vertical dominance equilibrium) occurs when the level of horizontal differentiation relative to the degree of vertical differentiation is sufficiently low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) eco-labeling program provides fisheries a pathway to demonstrate their sustainability by undergoing an environmental certification. Like other standard-setters, the MSC’s ‘theory of change’ presumes that markets use this information to select for sustainable products, providing an incentive for producers to improve their practices and become certified. However, the underlying mechanisms which actually work to link market behavior and participation in the program in different contexts have not been systematically identified. We draw on broad MSC field experience to identify processes that have supported the theory of change in individual fisheries. Then, we develop a broadly applicable rapid assessment protocol, relying on a semi-structured interviews of key informants, to gather systematic evidence for key dynamics within the theory of change: the effects of going through MSC certification on market processes, partnerships in the fishery, and governance. In a pilot test of the protocol, we identify important common and idiosyncratic processes in three canned product fisheries: United States west coast albacore tuna, Brittany sardines, and Portuguese sardines. We find that the harvesters and buyers/processors in these fisheries sought certification primarily to expand or maintain their market share, and that certification was synergistic with stakeholder cooperation. The cases demonstrate how our rapid assessment interviews allow program participants to relate their experience in their own words yet facilitate systematic comparison to identify common mechanisms within the theory of change. We propose its wider application to systematically advance our understanding of social and economic processes that drive of eco-label interventions in different geographies and supply chains around the world.

Concerns about the climate and local air impacts of emissions from the oil and gas supply chain have caused a reevaluation of natural gas’ role in a low carbon future. In response, some producers, large purchasers, and investors have pushed to certify some gas deliveries as ‘responsibly-sourced’ or ‘green’, which could give rise to a differentiated gas market. Third-party oil and gas certifications have been under development for several years, however, their focus has historically been on a broader set of societal impacts and risks, and they have typically focused on the upstream sector. Recent advances have been focused on methane emissions and supply chains into the certification process. In this paper we provide a critical review of several prominent natural gas certification processes. We do so within a broader historical context of using third-party market certifications and labels to differentiate clean vs. dirty versions of commodities.

Eco-hotels are a promising direction of the hospitality industry development. The southern region of Ukraine has all the necessary resources to create eco-hotels. The development of the concept and design of an ecological hotel has been substantiated in the article. The consumer demand for ecological accommoda-tion services significantly exceeds the supply, which is proved by the conducted surveys and analysis of the hotel services market. There are several hotels in the region that strive for environmental friendliness, but do not fulfill international conditions. Possible ways of fulfilling the criteria of the international Green Key program are being investigated to further obtain a certificate of an ecological accommodation. The concept of an ecohotel begins with environmental management and personnel environmental education. Environmental policy is about attracting consumers. The features of hotel design using modern energy-efficient building technologies, which are already used in the world and in Ukraine, have been considered. Intelligent water management systems and other waste reduction measures have been proposed to control and reduce water consumption. In south regional hotels, it is advisable to use solar energy, which is proposed to be attracted to heat water using thermosiphon solar systems. In an eco-hotel, it is necessary to properly handle waste, distribute and recycle it. Food waste is proposed to be composted and used as fertilizer. Some of the waste can be collected by a recycling company. To provide meals, a local cuisine establishment is proposed, local farmers products can be used. Sustainability has become a mandatory component of a hotel product in a successful hotel business. Hotels must strive for sustainability in order to comply with the international sustainability agenda. The creation of an eco-hotel is economically and socially efficient, thanks to the use of energy efficient technologies, the preservation of natural resources and the community ecological education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational institutions certified according to international and national environmental standards in construction were studied. The equipment of schools and universities with ecological architectural and engineering solutions is analyzed. The sections of environmental standards for certification of educational institutions BREEAM Education (UK), LEED for School New Construction and Major Renovations (USA), GB/T51356-2019 "assessment Standard for green campus" (China), GREEN ZOOM "Universities, campuses and innovative scientific and technological centers" (Russia) are considered. A comparative analysis of the data of environmental certification systems with the allocation of priority areas is carried out. Using the example of Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov (Saratov, Russia), a new concept for the ecological reconstruction of General education institutions is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental sustainability has increasingly become a priority for organisations. However, the public and academic attention is generally on large companies, while small and medium enterprises constitute the bulk of organisations and are arguably lagging behind. Fewer than ten per cent of total environmental certifications are awarded to small hotels. This lack of attention represents an opportunity to investigate small hotels and how to increase certification numbers. On the basis of existing literature, three overreaching factors that hold managers back from achieving certification were individuated: motivations, personal values, and barriers. To explore whether these factors play a role in small hotels too, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten hotel managers/owners in the Netherlands. The findings include the discovery of three new barriers: other priorities, negative views regarding certification, and building restrictions. More specifically, findings suggest that hoteliers do not proceed with certification because they perceive it as unambitious and meaningless, and thus not worth the effort. Simultaneously, managers seem to have a limited understanding of the scope and depth of existing certification. This study provides certifying organisations an insight into small hotel managers’ viewpoints; information that can be used to better reach this important target group.

Copyright of Revista Turismo em Análise is the property of Revista Turismo em Analise and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In many European regions the Irrigation Advisory Services (IASs) are adopted by farmers for sustainable irrigation practices. These tools are adequate to facilitate the adoption of environmental certification schemes, such as water footprint, which could improve the sustainability of production processes. As part of a survey conducted on 116 farmers among Italy, Greece and Croatia, it was possible to understand their level of awareness with respect to the certification systems in order to evaluate possible actions to be taken to increase awareness of their use. The results showed that farmers still have a certain unawareness with respect to the true added value, in economic terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basis of life of any society is a safe environment that is not only the guarantee of welfare and quality of life, but also the guarantee of the further development of human civilization. That is why in the modern world the issue of the preservation of the natural environment is of special actuality. The gradual awareness by humanity of new threats (high degree of concentration of harmful industries; high level of resource and energy consumption; lack of modern environmental technologies; slow but inevitable degradation of the gene pool of a population due to the consumption of poor quality and in most cases harmful products, etc.) forced the society to seek new approaches to socio-economic development and environmental management. One of such approaches is the introduction of ecological and organic labeling. Marking is a source of information about the purity, safety and quality of the products offered in the market; effective information mechanism, which is a kind of quality mark for the offered products. The current practice of ecological and organic labeling aimed at the increase of level consumer's awareness and the changing models of purchasing behavior in the direction of environmental protection. The feature of most marking systems of environmentally friendly and safe products is the obligation of compliance with the established requirements used by producers of raw materials and technologies taking into account their potential environmental impact. Labeling of ecologically clean and safe products is reducing the negative impact on the environment and on the human's health. It is the consequence of changes in the economic environment, namely: the improvement of socio-ethical requirements to production; the increasing level of integration of producers and service providers; the customer's satisfaction in varieties of products; globalization of economic space; reduction of time for development, standardization and production. Labeling is a step in the direction of European Integration and the legal adjustment of relations between the buyer and manufacturer. All these activities will assist for the implementation of innovative technologies for cleaner production, rational use of material and energy resources, balancing economy development, the production of safe products for human health and the environment, improving the competitiveness of domestic producers in the international market, enhancing export potential, reducing investment risks from ecological factors.

Communicating the related environmental benefits of bio-based products to consumers represents a key component of their market uptake. In this regard, the use of ecolabels ISO 14024 Type I play a crucial role. This article identifies and analyzes different criteria proposed by ecolabels for conducting a sustainability assessment of bio-based products considering its entire lifecycle. A comparison of the selected criteria with existing indicators ruled out by the SDGs is proposed. Through expert consultation, the suitability of existing ecolabel criteria for bio-based products has been tested for four applications of biobased products: food packaging from PLA; biobased automotive components; bio-based mulch film; and bio-based insulation material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental sustainability has increasingly become a priority for organisations. However, the public and academic attention is generally on large companies, while small and medium enterprises constitute the bulk of organisations and are arguably lagging behind. Fewer than ten per cent of total environmental certifications are awarded to small hotels. This lack of attention represents an opportunity to investigate small hotels and how to increase certification numbers. On the basis of existing literature, three overreaching factors that hold managers back from achieving certification were individuated: motivations, personal values, and barriers. To explore whether these factors play a role in small hotels too, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten hotel managers/owners in the Netherlands. The findings include the discovery of three new barriers: other priorities, negative views regarding certification, and building restrictions. More specifically, findings suggest that hoteliers do not proceed with certification because they perceive it as unambitious and meaningless, and thus not worth the effort. Simultaneously, managers seem to have a limited understanding of the scope and depth of existing certification. This study provides certifying organisations an insight into small hotel managers' viewpoints; information that can be used to better reach this important target group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research from economics and psychology suggests that behavioral interventions can be a powerful climate policy instrument. This paper provides a systematic review of the existing empirical evidence on non-price interventions targeting energy conservation behavior of private households. Specifically, we analyze four nudge-like interventions referred to as social comparison, commitment devices, goal setting, and labeling in 44 international studies comprising 105 treatments. This paper differs from previous systematic reviews by solely focusing on studies that permit the identification of causal effects. We find that all four interventions have the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption of private households, yet effect sizes vary immensely. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of impact evaluations before rolling out behavioral policy interventions at scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has shown that merely calling an indoor environment environmentally certified will make people favor that environment over a conventional alternative. In this paper we explore whether this effect depends on participants deliberately comparing the two environments, and whether different reasons behind the certification influence the magnitude of the effect. In Experiment 1, participants in a between-subjects design assigned higher comfort ratings to an indoor environment that had been labeled "environmentally certified" in comparison with the exact same indoor environment that was unlabeled, suggesting that the effect arises even when participants do not compare the two environments when making their estimates. The results from Experiment 2 indicate that climate change mitigation (as the reason for the certification) is a slightly better trigger of the effect compared to climate change adaptation. The results suggest that studies on psychological effects of "green" buildings should experimentally control for the influence from participants' judgmental biases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the current trends of tourism development, approaches to green tourism activities based on platforms of ―green‖ economy, studied environmental problems in the management of tourism development Ukrainian Danube region, the international experience of the implementation of environmental certification programs in the field of tourism. Attention is drawn to the need to raise the level of ecological safety of travel in accordance with the criteria of sustainable human development. It was determined that the implementation of environmental certification of tourist services necessary to implement the concept of sustainable tourism development in the Ukrainian Danube region.

The lighting environment is a factor that significantly affects the physical and psychological aspects of occupants of a building. In particular, educational facilities should be designed to provide adequate natural lighting because it has a profound impact on students’ health and learning performance. Although environmental certification systems include evaluation items for improving the indoor light environment, there is a lack of evaluation criteria regarding the corresponding issue of glare. Therefore, this study aims to help visualize areas where indoor glare problems occur, and to improve the evaluation scale of discomfort glare in environmental certification systems. A standard high school classroom in Seoul was analyzed to study glare issues in the educational space. DIVA for Rhino—Grasshopper, a light environment simulation program based on Radiance and DAYSIM program, was used to obtain reliable light analysis simulation results, and the daylight glare probability (DGP) measure was used to calculate discomfort glare. The results of the simulation and analysis suggest this is a method for improving glare evaluation measures that are lacking in indoor environmental certification standards. The visualized frequency of discomfort glare data is useful for planning the layout of the indoor space, opening, and shading design of a building to prevent glare problems.