565 results on '"Forest product"'
Search Results
2. Low-Cost and High-Strength Soybean Meal Adhesives Modified by Tannin–Phenol–Formaldehyde Resin.
- Author
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Li, Hanyin, Gao, Yan, Zhao, Zijie, Yang, Fan, Zou, Yunming, Wang, Yujie, Tang, Yang, Zhou, Qiongqiong, and Li, Cheng
- Subjects
ADHESIVES ,FOREST products industry ,SOYBEAN meal ,SOY proteins ,CYTOSKELETAL proteins ,PEPTIDES ,WOOD - Abstract
Wood adhesive is very important to the quality of wood-based panels in the forest product industry. Researchers are currently focused on developing green and environmentally friendly adhesives using biomass materials. Soybean meal (SM), a cheap and high-protein byproduct from soybean processing, is considered a green biomaterial resource for adhesive production. In this study, SM was modified using urea and sodium hydroxide as denaturants, and two cross-linking agents were prepared to incorporate into the soybean meal adhesive for bonding reactions. Sodium hydroxide added to soybean protein caused structural damage to the protein structure, which allowed the peptide chains to unfold extensively, forming a low-molecular-weight peptide mixture with a good size distribution and exposing numerous active functional groups for cross-linking with the tannin–phenol–formaldehyde resin (TR) and wood. Adding the epoxy resin CA and TR enabled the cross-linking agents to react with the active functional groups on proteins, forming a cross-linked network structure. As a result, the adhesive's strength, residual rate, and solid content were improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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3. Contribution of forest products to rural household’s income and factor determining forest income in Masha district of Sheka zone, SWEPR, Ethiopia
- Author
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Amanuel Afeto and Yemiru Tesfaye
- Subjects
forest product ,collection ,income ,dependence ,masha ,Agriculture - Abstract
Rural people living around forests in Ethiopia depend on income from forest product collection as one of their livelihood activities. The forests of Sheka are threatened by unsustainable use and conversion to alternative land uses. This study was conducted to identify and quantify income from major forest products collected from the Sheka forest and examine factors that determine income from forest product collection. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources. By stratified random sampling method, three kebeles were selected from the Masha district and 156 households were randomly selected from those kebeles and interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were determined by SPSS and STATA software. Multiple linear regression models were employed to determine the relationship between socio-economic factors and forest income. The result indicates 17 major forest product were collected and contributes an average of $1553.75 or 41.17% of their total annual income and was the highest contributor to total income. Forest income varies with agro-ecology and distance from the nearby markets in the study area. Households in the study area utilize more forest products for home consumption. Incomes from forest product collection are significantly related to the level of education of the household head, family size, and distance of home from the forest and market. Households in the study area depend to a higher degree on income from forest product collection and have an implication of sustainable management of forests in the long term.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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4. "RÉGIMEN AUTORIZATORIO PARA LA MOVILIZACIÓN PRODUCTOS FORESTALES EN COLOMBIA".
- Author
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Ariza Orozco, Oscar Manuel and Pereira Blanco, Milton José
- Subjects
- *
FOREST products , *PRIVATE property , *NATURAL resources , *ENDANGERED species , *NATIONAL territory , *WILDLIFE conservation - Abstract
The Ministry of Environment is competent to adopt measures to ensure the protection of wild flora species, and to take the necessespaary measures to protect endangered or endangered species. Within this framework, it must intervene in the management, exploitation, transport and commercialization of species and individuals of wild flora and their primary products, whether public or private property. As a control and surveillance measure, the natural resources code requires that all primary forest products entering, leaving or moving within the national territory must be covered by a permit. For the mobilization of forest products, authorization documents are required, and these will vary depending on the forest products, which according to the legislation are classified as: 1) single online safe-conduct, 2) mobilization certificate and 3) mobilization remission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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5. Propriedades físicas, químicas e anatômicas da madeira de Cryptomeria japonica.
- Author
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Alan Vivian, Magnos, Soares Modes, Karina, Magnani Fogliatto, Manoela, Cavali Schlichting, Rafael, Corrêa, Ronan, Janaina Grosskopf, Évelyn, and Dobner Júnior, Mário
- Subjects
- *
FOREST products ,WOOD density - Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical and anatomical properties of Cryptomeria japonica wood. For that, trees with 13 years old, from an experimental planting, were sampled. The wood was classified as low density (0.314 g cm-3), with low values of longitudinal contractions (0.31%), radial (2.09%), tangential (5.48%) and volumetric (7.57%), but high anisotropy coefficient (2.62), indicating the susceptibility of this species to drying defects. Regarding the chemical composition, it presented low levels of extractives (2.14%) and ashes (0.32%), but high content of lignin (31.36%). The tracheids have 2.18 mm length; width of 25.06 µm; lúmen diameter of 15.89 µm and wall thickness of 4.59 µm, with interesting indicators for papermaking, and presenting good quality due to the Runkel index (0.61) and felting (87.78) and medium quality for flexibility coefficient (61.23%) and wall fraction (36.94%). The characteristics of C. japonica wood indicate potential to be used as alternative to supply the demand of the industrial sector for raw material, especially in the South of Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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6. Application of Nanotechnology in Wood-Based Products Industry: A Review
- Author
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Latifah Jasmani, Rafeadah Rusli, Tumirah Khadiran, Rafidah Jalil, and Sharmiza Adnan
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Forest product ,Wood ,Nanotechnology ,Nanocellulose ,Nanomaterial ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
Abstract Wood-based industry is one of the main drivers of economic growth in Malaysia. Forest being the source of various lignocellulosic materials has many untapped potentials that could be exploited to produce sustainable and biodegradable nanosized material that possesses very interesting features for use in wood-based industry itself or across many different application fields. Wood-based products sector could also utilise various readily available nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing products or to create new value added products from the forest. This review highlights recent developments in nanotechnology application in the wood-based products industry.
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- 2020
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7. Contribution of Apiculture in Social and Economic Development of Nigeria.
- Author
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AGBOOLA, I. S., GEORGE-ONAHO, J. A., ETE, J. A., and AYANDOKUN, A. E.
- Abstract
There is urgent need to rescue Nigerian economy from deluge of crisis it is been confronted with atthe present time. To achieve this, it is pivotal to explore various potentials available in the country to solve her problem. Therefore, this paper examines the potential of apiculture industry in social and economic development of the nation. Hive products such as beewax, propolis, pollen and royal jelly are known to have contributed largely to the economic development of advanced countries like China, Turkey, Mexico, Argentina, Hungary, Australia and Canada. While the practice provides job opportunities for people of all classes, it also boosts productivity of other agricultural crops. Honey from Nigeria will command higher demand and prices in the world market for its medicinal and antimicrobial qualities, thereby serving as a good foreign exchange commodity in international market. As part of its contribution to economic growth, apiculture is a good source of income for beekeepers, it involves the use of little land. It empowers small scale farmers and also does not damage the environment. The paper also stressed that apiculture is not only important for generating income, it also curbs against rural migration. Apiculture protects the environment and also an important non-timber forest product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
8. Contribution of forest products to rural household’s income and factor determining forest income in Masha district of Sheka zone, SWEPR, Ethiopia
- Author
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Amanuel Afeto and Yemiru Tesfaye
- Subjects
Collection ,Forest product ,Masha ,Income ,General Medicine ,Dependence - Abstract
Rural people living around forests in Ethiopia depend on income from forest product collection as one of their livelihood activities. The forests of Sheka are threatened by unsustainable use and conversion to alternative land uses. This study was conducted to identify and quantify income from major forest products collected from the Sheka forest and examine factors that determine income from forest product collection. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources. By stratified random sampling method, three kebeles were selected from the Masha district and 156 households were randomly selected from those kebeles and interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were determined by SPSS and STATA software. Multiple linear regression models were employed to determine the relationship between socio-economic factors and forest income. The result indicates 17 major forest product were collected and contributes an average of $1553.75 or 41.17% of their total annual income and was the highest contributor to total income. Forest income varies with agro-ecology and distance from the nearby markets in the study area. Households in the study area utilize more forest products for home consumption. Incomes from forest product collection are significantly related to the level of education of the household head, family size, and distance of home from the forest and market. Households in the study area depend to a higher degree on income from forest product collection and have an implication of sustainable management of forests in the long term. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(2): 46-52, December 2022
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- 2023
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9. Studies of Used to Forest Product by Dayak Meratus Tribe in the Forest Area of Meratus Mountain, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency
- Author
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M. Amin Sunarhadi and Siti Masitoh Kartikawati
- Subjects
Forest product ,Dayak Meratus ,Meratus Mountain ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
Dayak Meratus tribe is the native tribe that lives in the forest area of Meratus Mountain. Biological basic data on plant biodiversity in the area, particularly plants utilized by Dayak Meratus tribe, have not been much discovered. The research are: (1) to discover the traditional characteristic and knowledge of Dayak Meratus tribe, (2) to determine the priority of plants to be conserved, (3) to study local government policy in the forest resources management and, (4) to determine the strategy of priority plants conservation. Research was conducted at Meratus Mountain forest area, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency and Herbarium Bogoriense, Biological Research and Development Center of LIPI, Bogor, from July to September 2002. Determination of priority plants is based on 4 criteria: (1) Index of Cultural Significance that consists of three value, that are: quality of use, intensity of use, exclusivity of use, (2) Distribution, (3) Status in the nature area (wild, semi domesticated, domesticated/cultivated), and (4) the characteristic of use/utilization by the community (commercial, subsistence). The number of plant species used by Dayak Meratus Tribe is 240 species of 18 use characteristic, 2 species endemic, 14 species rare, 111 species have more than one utilization function, 20 medicinal plants can be used as a consideration in changing the status of protected forest to conservation areas with status of national park.
- Published
- 2016
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10. Classification of Wooden Housing Building Systems
- Author
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Victor Almeida De Araujo, Juliana Cortez-Barbosa, Maristela Gava, José Nivaldo Garcia, Alexandre Jorge Duarte de Souza, Antonio Francisco Savi, Elen Aparecida Martines Morales, Julio Cesar Molina, Juliano Souza Vasconcelos, André Luis Christoforo, and Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr
- Subjects
Classification ,Wooden typologies ,Timber ,Residential building ,Construction ,Forest product ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Wooden housing is one of the most sustainable building alternatives. In many European and North American countries, wooden houses provide the most common, economical, and practical solution for construction. The timber buildings present adequate levels of durability, acoustics, and thermal comforts. Despite their popularity, wood houses do not have a standardized classification to define and organize their main aspects. In literature dealing with timber construction, most authors emphasize structural systems for large spans (bridges, hangars, roofs, etc.). The presence of some classifications of timber construction results in unclear issues, and few studies have covered and regarded wooden buildings as residential construction typologies. Accordingly, this paper proposes a classification that connects the aspects and details of wooden housing materials in relation to the industrialization level and chronological origin. We expect this classification to assist in a better understanding of distinct wooden housing techniques commercially produced worldwide, diffusing their concepts and possibilities as forestry-timber products.
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- 2016
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11. Pest Infestation of Dipterocarpus retusus (Blume) Fruit at Different Heights in KPHP BATULANTEH
- Author
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Septiantina Riendriasari, Tati Suharti, and yosephin nugraheni
- Subjects
biology ,Forest product ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Sowing ,Alcidodes ,medicine.disease_cause ,biology.organism_classification ,Horticulture ,Dipterocarpus retusus ,Altitude ,Infestation ,medicine ,Severity level ,Pest infestation - Abstract
Keruing gunung ( Dipterocarpus retusus ) is a non-timber forest product (NTFP) as a fruit producer that can be used as raw material for vegetable fats. One of the problems faced in planting programs for both production and conservation forests is the presence of fruit pests. The purpose of this study was to determine the fruit pests infestation fruits of D . retusus and the effect of altitude on fruit size and weight in Batulanteh Sumbawa. Fruit samples were collected at locations with different heights, namely below 1000 masl ( T 22oC, RH 83%) and above 1000 masl ( T 20oC, RH 88%). The samples of invading pests were observed and measured morphometry and morphology. The results showed that the insect infestation on the fruit was Alcidodes crassus . The percentage of fruit severity level reached more than 50% at each location. Elevation has a significant effect on fruit diameter and fruit weight, both infested by pests and whole fruit.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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12. Biological and economic values of Dipterocarpaceae, the main timber forest product of Indonesia
- Author
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Wahyu Widiyono
- Subjects
Dipterocarpaceae ,Geography ,biology ,Agroforestry ,Forest product ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
Dipterocarpaceae is known as a very important tree family both biologically and economically. Its distribution around the world covers the areas of Peninsular Malaysia, the Philippines, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Sulawesi, Maluku to Papua. Dipterocarpaceae family has a high economic value, such as producing wood, balsam, resin, charcoal, fat, fruit, bark, essential oil, and camphor. Its products have very important roles for domestic use and export needs. As representatives of Dipterocarpaceae, the economic value of Shorea Roxb. ex Gaertner f, Dipterocarpus Gaertner f, and Dryobalanops Gaertner f will be discussed. Considering the very important role of Dipterocarpaceae, both biologically and economically, it is necessary to handle it sustainably, through the following actions such as conservation of genetic resources, seed physiology, seed handling, seedling ecology, root symbiosis and nutrition, pest and disease, management of natural forest, and plantation, and also non-timber forest product from Dipterocarpaceae. Dipterocarpaceae dikenal sebagai famili pohon yang sangat penting baik secara biologis maupun ekonomis. Penyebarannya di seluruh dunia meliputi wilayah Semenanjung Malaysia, Filipina, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Jawa, Sulawesi, Maluku hingga Papua. Famili Dipterocarpaceae memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi, seperti menghasilkan kayu, balsam, damar, arang, lemak, buah, kulit kayu, minyak atsiri, dan kapur barus. Produk-produknya memiliki peran yang sangat penting untuk kebutuhan domestik dan ekspor. Sebagai perwakilan Dipterocarpace, nilai ekonomi Shorea Roxb. ex Gaertner f, Dipterocarpus Gaertner f, dan Dryobalanops Gaertner f akan dibahas. Mengingat peranan Dipterocarpaceae yang sangat penting, baik secara biologis maupun ekonomis, maka perlu dilakukan penanganan secara berkelanjutan, melalui tindakan-tindakan seperti konservasi sumber daya genetik, fisiologi benih, penanganan benih, ekologi semai, simbiosis dan nutrisi akar, hama dan penyakit, pengelolaan hutan alam, dan perkebunan, serta hasil hutan bukan kayu dari Dipterocarpaceae.
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- 2021
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13. Wood Production in the Central African Republic's Economy: An Error Correction Model (ECM) Analysis.
- Author
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Epaphrodite, Befio Paulin
- Subjects
FOREST products industry ,FOREST economics ,ERROR correction (Information theory) ,ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMIC policy - Abstract
This work analyzes the effect of forest on the economy of Central African Republic, using the data from secondary source within the period of 1970-2015. The study employed error correction model (ECM) as econometric methodology to estimate the cointegration relationship among economic growth, agriculture value added, forest rent (in percentage of GDP) and forest product variables (logs, roundwood, wood fuel and sawnwood), it also estimates long run and short run relationship between variables. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test were employed. The result shows that forests play an important role in the world's economy; they support both the economic growth and the ecosystem protection. The co-integration relationship result (using Engel-Granger) shows economic growth forest products variables (logs, roundwood, wood fuel and sawnwood) and other variables included in the model were co-integrated and therefore long run relationship exist among them. Testing the short run relationship shows the existence of short run relation between variables. The long run model shows logs production which the main exportable wood product in CAR having a positive and significant effect on the economy but we noticed that the affectation percentage is to low (0.08% change to GDP). This is due to the lack of control or traceability of the product and the luck of strong institutions (corruption) in the forestry sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
14. Population Structure, Growth Dynamics, Leaf Production and Soil Conditions of Megaphrynium macrostachyum, a Key Non-Wood Forest Product in Central Africa
- Author
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Antoine Mitte Mbeang Beyeme, Alexis Nicaise Lepengue, Maurice Ognalaga, Christian Moupela, Mackson Theenneez Makaya Rendembwot, and Nikki Tagg
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Agroforestry ,Forest product ,Population structure ,Key (lock) ,Production (economics) ,Central africa ,Megaphrynium macrostachyum ,General Medicine ,Biology - Abstract
Aims: Megaphrynium macrostachyum is a key non-wood forest product (NWFP) in Central Africa. This study aims to describe the soil characteristics and behaviour of the species Megaphrynium macrostachyum in a fallow land in southeastern Gabon. Methodology: Leaf growth was monitored weekly on a sample of 60 leaves for 10 weeks, after the unrolling of horns. Population structure and leaf production were quantified on 64 m² plots and then extrapolated to the hectare. Soil samples were collected at 30 cm depth. Results: Leaf growth and stem enlargement were observed to take place during the horn stage, while stem elongation became active after this stage. The stem reached its maximum height about 60 days after the leaf had fully unrolled. Within the same population, leaf length and leaf width were less heterogeneous (on average 55.6 ± 5.9 cm and 35.5 ± 4.5 cm, respectively); whereas leaf area, stem diameter and stem height were quite heterogeneous (on average 1475 ± 328.3 cm², 9 ± 2.2 mm and 154 ± 33.3 cm, respectively). Megaphrynium macrostachyum was observed to colonise its environment quite well (148,646 ± 66,623 stems per hectare), thus explaining its high leaf production (104,167 ± 45,271 usable leaves per hectare). The soil sample analysed revealed Megaphrynium macrostachyum to grow in sandy-silty or sandy-silty-clay soils (58.21% sand, 25.69% silt and 16.1% clay), and in soils that are wet (35% relative humidity), acidic (pH 4.01), low in phosphorus (9.38 ppm assimilable phosphorus) and total nitrogen (0.01% total nitrogen), and high in organic matter (19.3% organic matter). Conclusion: The leaf area exploited by local populations is variable. Megaphrynium macrostachyum is less demanding on soil characteristics, with high leaf production. From a cultivation perspective, the horn stage would be decisive.
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- 2021
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15. PARTICIPATORY LAND USE CONFLICT RESOLUTION: EFFORTS TOWARDS COMMUNITY COLLABORATIVE MANAGEMENT
- Author
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Rustam Abd. Rauf, Hasriani Muis, Sudirman Dg Massiri, Syahril Paingi, and Golar Golar
- Subjects
Government ,Land use ,Local government ,Forest product ,Conflict resolution ,Forest management ,Land-use conflict ,Stakeholder ,General Medicine ,Business ,Environmental planning - Abstract
This research aims to determine the causes of land-use conflicts and formulate a participatory conflict resolution model of the Forest Management Unit (KPH) of Kulawi. Through interviews with respondents using the purposive sampling method. The study included the community around the forest area, local government, KPH, Department of Agriculture, BPDAS-HL, and local government. Data analysis was stakeholder's and land use conflict by using problem trees analysis. The study results show that the battle occurred not only because of the community's factor of accessing the area illegally but also because the KPH has not performed its function correctly. Some factors cause enforcement's failure, such as lack of understanding of the area and community empowerment. Some alternative solutions desired by the community: (1) The government through related agencies should supervise forest areas, (2) Clear boundaries between community-owned land, villages, and forest areas, (3) Community empowerment by utilizing potential forest product resources and (4) Granting management rights to community's forest claimed by the community. There are two models of conflict resolution to be offered. First, the KPH needs the collaboration of parties to resolve land-use conflicts. Second, community involvement as the main subject is significant in every stage of conflict resolution. The KPH supports improving community capacity related to competence in conflict resolution is indispensable.
- Published
- 2021
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16. Agroforestry contributions to smallholder farmer food security in Indonesia
- Author
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Gregory G. Toth, Colm Duffy, Charles Spillane, Yekti Widyaningsih, Terry Sunderland, Peter C. McKeown, Robert P. O. Hagan, and Syed Ajijur Rahman
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Food security ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Agroforestry ,business.industry ,Forest product ,Commodity ,Slash-and-burn ,Forestry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Net present value ,Resilience (organizational) ,Agriculture ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,Financial analysis ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Agroforestry has potential for strengthening the climate change resilience of smallholder farmers in Southeast Asia. In Indonesia, the food security challenges faced by smallholders will likely worsen due to climate change impacts. Agroforestry provides and option for strengthening climate change resilience, while contributing to food access, income, health, and environmental stability. To evaluate the evidence for such benefits, this systematic review identifies 22 peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2019 which assess agroforestry’s contributions to food security in Indonesia, mostly in Java or Sumatra. Analysis of the studies indicate that traditional and commercial agroforestry contribute to food security in diverse ways: for example, traditional homegardens offer 20% more dietary diversity than commercial counterparts, while commercial homegardens may contribute up to five times more income. Agri-silviculture contributions fall along a timber versus non-timber forest product continuum that displays a similar tradeoff between diversity and income. Those systems with a commercial focus may receive 54% of their income from a single commodity crop such as coffee, while traditional systems allow greater access to plants with medicinal benefits. Nearly all agroforestry systems offered indirect benefits for food security, such as allowing more off-farm work than traditional agriculture and contributing to environmental stability: users of agroforestry were found by one study to collect 83% less fuelwood from natural forests. One study highlighted that agroforestry options have up to 98% greater net present value (for periods over 30 years) compared to slash and burn style agriculture. However, very few studies of Indonesian agroforestry focused explicitly on financial analysis and food security, indicating the need for further research. Given the similar situations faced by many Southeast Asia countries, our findings contribute to emerging trends throughout the region regarding the relationship between agroforestry and food security.
- Published
- 2021
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17. Edible mycorrhizal fungi of the world: What is their role in forest sustainability, food security, biocultural conservation and climate change?
- Author
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Fuqiang Yu, Faustino Hernández-Santiago, Annemieke Verbeken, Andrea Rinaldi, Magdalena Martínez-Reyes, Jesús Pérez-Moreno, and Alexis Guerin-Laguette
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Agriculture and Food Sciences ,Natural resource economics ,Forest product ,NEW-ZEALAND ,Plant Science ,Horticulture ,ECOLOGY ,MARKETS ,CHINA ,ectomycorrhiza ,diversity ,food diversification ,WILD MUSHROOMS ,Forest ecology ,MANAGEMENT ,Development Goals ,KNOWLEDGE ,GE1-350 ,YUNNAN ,global Change ,Traditional knowledge ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Sustainable development ,Food security ,Botany ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Reforestation ,Forestry ,TRADE ,fungal diversity ,Environmental sciences ,Climate change mitigation ,United Nations Sustainable ,Earth and Environmental Sciences ,fungal ,QK1-989 ,Sustainability ,truffles ,Business ,wild edible mushrooms ,biocultural heritage ,CASTANEA-MOLLISSIMA - Abstract
Edible mycorrhizal fungi (EMF) have been consumed since ancestral times by humans either as food, medicine or for ceremonial use Nowadays, they are a non‐timber forest product and a diverse genetic resource with great ecological, sociocultural, economic, medicinal and biotechnological relevance around the world Therefore, they have a paramount role to play in meeting the United Nations global sustainable development goals 2030 EMF may promote forest sustainability, biodiversity conservation, mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions through the maintenance of forest masses, human nutrition and health, economic development, conservation of biocultural heritages, women empowerment and hunger mitigation We provide a worldwide review of the knowledge, biodiversity, novel approaches, future challenges and perspectives in the post‐COVID era of this important genetic resource whose relevance has usually received marginal attention despite its strategic global significance Ectomycorrhizal fungi play a key role in the structure and functioning of forest ecosystems They have a paramount importance in nutrient cycling, plant protection against pathogens and abiotic stress, and establishment of underground networks that connect trees and other plants in nature, therefore being the wood wide web, the ‘internet’ of the forests According to our literature review, globally 970 mycorrhizal fungal species (including both mushrooms and truffles) are edible, and they have enormous relevance either as a source of subsistence in low‐income human groups around the world or as an important economic component whose international commerce is worth billions of American dollars annually Since edible mycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are a non‐timber forest product, their sustainable use and management is crucial in order to maintain forest stands and to provide well‐being to the human communities surrounding the forested areas where they grow In different parts of the world, different cultures have developed a traditional knowledge of EMF over millennia Their knowledge might play an important role in food supply and food security in the future, hence contributing towards the “zero hunger” global goal The biotechnological development of EMF has also been crucial in the establishment of plantations, or successful reforestation and ecosystem restoration, which contribute to climate change mitigation by reducing greenhouse gas emissions Here, a worldwide review of how EMF might contribute to forest sustainability, food supply, biocultural conservation, and hunger and climate change mitigation is addressed by analysing the similarities, contrasts and challenges in all five continents [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Plants, People, Planet is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )
- Published
- 2021
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18. Activity-Based Life-Cycle Costing applied to an innovative forestry company product portfolio
- Author
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Achille-B. Laurent, Robert Beauregard, and Sophie D'Amours
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engineered wood products ,Mains electricity ,life-cycle costing ,product portfolio analysis ,Forest product ,Economic history and conditions ,Control (management) ,Forestry ,HC10-1085 ,General Medicine ,HB1-3840 ,activity-based costing ,Accounting information system ,Economic theory. Demography ,Portfolio ,Product (category theory) ,Business ,Activity-based costing ,Modern portfolio theory - Abstract
An accounting system helps to provide information for planning and control of production. This article presents a Life Cycle Costing by using an Activity Based Costing approach of an innovative forestry company. In order to perform a cradle-to-gate assessment the study covers the forest and industrial activities of the forest product processing. The costs of each product in the portfolio are determined by the treatment activities they undergo. The inventory covers several years of activity of the company, which makes it possible to calculate the uncertainty of the average results with Monte Carlo simulation presented in the result section. Based on the results a products portfolio analysis was performed to identify the development progress phases of the mains products to support the product rollover strategy decision.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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19. Potensi Tiga Jenis Kayu Tanah Gambut Sumatera sebagai Bahan Baku Pulp dan Kertas (The Potential of Three Peat Land Woods of Sumatera as Pulp and Paper Raw Material)
- Author
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Yeni Aprianis, Kanti D Rizqiani, and Ahmad Junaedi
- Subjects
Peat ,biology ,Forest product ,Pulp (paper) ,Acacia crassicarpa ,Pulpwood ,Raw material ,engineering.material ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,Government regulation ,engineering ,Environmental science ,Specific gravity - Abstract
The growth of pulp and paper industries has encouraged the expansion of the industrial plantation forests for pulp wood. The exotic species planted for pulp wood initially maintained a relatively high productivity, however it decreases in the following rotation cycles. The peat land wood species of Sumatera could be an alternative for exotic species. However, the insufficient information on the wood properties has brought about they are less considered. This paper examined the fiber quality of Sumatran local peat-wood and its possibility as a raw material of pulp and paper. For specific gravity, samples were selected based on three different diameter groups in each plot. Fiber properties (dimension and fiber derivative values) used to asses the suitability of the wood for pulp and paper raw material were determined in accordance with the method of the Forest Product Laboratory (FPL). The resulted data and information were compared to those of krasikarpa (Acacia crassicarpa Benth.). The results showed that the fiber quality of sekubung wood was classified into grade II, while gerunggang and mahang putih were classified into grade III. The specific gravity of gerunggang wood was higher than these of other woods and comparable to that of krasikarpa. Although the growth of Sumatran local peat-wood is still low, however, conformity with government regulations (Government Regulation Number 57-2016 and Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number 17-2017) and fiber quality, the local peat-wood could potentially substitute the exotic wood species.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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20. Socio-technical Aspects of Smallholder Beekeeping Adoption of Apis cerana in Wanagama Teaching Forest, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta
- Author
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Rini Pujiarti, Nafiatul Umami, Bekti Larasati, Dwiko Budi Permadi, Ratih Madya Septiana, and Ananto Triyogo
- Subjects
Non-timber forest product ,Beekeeping ,forest rehabilitation ,biology ,Agroforestry ,Forest product ,biology.organism_classification ,Eucalyptus ,bee forages ,Geography ,Forest ecology ,socio demographic ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Nectar ,non-timber forest product ,Bee forages ,Forest rehabilitation ,Rural development ,Socio demographic ,lcsh:Animal culture ,Apis cerana ,rural development ,General Environmental Science ,Undergrowth ,lcsh:SF1-1100 - Abstract
The successful rehabilitation of Wanagama teaching forests, which began in the late of 1960s, has created a distinctive forest ecosystem. Currently the forests become the habitat of Apis cerana, enterprised by the surrounding villagers to produce natural forest honey as a non-timber forest product. This paper aims to explore the adoption of smallholder beekeeping of A. cerana, the beekeepers’ socio-economic characteristics, the potential and value of forest honey production, the distribution of bee-boxes inside the forests and potential tree sources of nectar and pollen. Data collection was carried out in July - September 2019 with in-depth interview techniques to 38 beekeepers. Field observations and ground checks were carried out on the sites where beekeepers were placing the bee-boxes in the forest. In addition, an analysis of aerial photograph images taken with drone was also carried out to identify the area of trees as sources of nectar and pollen. The results show that between 1982 and 2019 the development of the adoption of the A. cerana beekeeping increased significantly. The total production of honey from 506 bee-boxes reached 658 liters or 894.9 kg in year of 2018/2019. The number of bee-boxes placed in Wanagama was mainly distributed inside Compartment of 13, 17, 14, 16, 5, and 18. Acacia mangium, eucalyptus, cajuput and mahogany were the main types of nectar-producing trees, in addition to the abundance of flowering undergrowth plants. Many of the challenges faced by honey beekeepers included climate change, the shortage of nectar and pollen sources, pests and diseases and human disturbances. This research suggests the need for a social, institutional and technical approaches to increase the forest productivity as sources of nectar and pollen. It is suggested encouraging the smallholders to adopt beekeeping as the main livelihood alternatives in future and planting more trees in Wanagama forests.
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- 2021
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21. Utilization of plants as food source from Sebaju village forest, Nanga Kebebu village, Nanga Pinoh District, Melawi Regency
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Muhammad Sholihin, Farah Diba, and Nurhaida Nurhaida
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Crop ,Toxicology ,Geography ,Food security ,Habitat ,biology ,Liana ,Forest product ,Myrtaceae ,Biodiversity ,Arecaceae ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
Forests has a role in supporting food security programs. Sebaju Village Forest, Nanga Kebebu Village, Nanga Pinoh District, Melawi Regency is a village forest area that has the potential of non-timber forest product, one of which is that there are many plants that can be used as food for daily living needs. The research objective was to explore local knowledge of the community and to make an inventory of the types of plants used as food by the communities around the Sebaju village forest, Nanga Kebebu village, Melawi regency, as well ass to describe how to uses and process plants that are used as food by the community. The research method was purposive sampling and data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews with the community in Nanga Kebebu village. The data were analyzed descriptive qualitative in order to obtain a systematic and accurate picture. The results found 58 plant species consisting of 31 families, these plants were dominated by the Anacardiaceae family (8 species). Arecaceae and Moraceae (5 species), Sapindaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Myrtaceae, and Fabaceae (3 species), while one other family each has 1-2 species. The most dominant plant habitats were trees with 40 species (68.96%), 8 types of herbs (13.79%), 4 types of shrubs (6.89%) and the least were lianas and 3 types of shrubs. (5.17%). The part of the plant that was used the most was the fruit, namely 44 species (75.38%), 8 types of leaves (13.79%), while the parts of the plant that were least used were 2 types of tubers (3.45%), 2 types tubers (3.45%), 1 flower (1.72%), 1 seed (1.72%). The largest group of foodstuffs is fruit as much as 40 types (67%), 12 types of vegetables (20%), while the lowest is 3 types of drinks (5%), 3 types of spices (5%), and 2 tubers type (3%). The most widely used food crop processing method is directly used 33 types (56.90%), 10 types of boiled (17.24%), 6 types of sauteed (10.34%) and 5 types of chili sauce (8.62%), Meanwhile, the least used processing methods were 2 types of frying (3.45%) and 2 types of drying (3.45%). Based on their growth status, the highest growth was in the wild, consist of 34 species (59%), and the lowest was cultivated by 24 species (41%) that grew in the Sebaju customary forest area, Nanga Kebebu Village, Nanga Pinoh District, Melawi Regency. Sebaju village forest has high biodiversity as food plant and local knowledge of te community in the use of plants in the forest area makes conservation efforst better because the community strives to be able to make a sustainable management of food from forest.ÃÂ
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- 2021
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22. Online symposium on cost reduction and distribution reform in the mid-stream and down-stream of forest product industries
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Mitsunori Mori
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Cost reduction ,Environmental protection ,business.industry ,Forest product ,Environmental science ,Distribution (economics) ,business - Published
- 2021
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23. PERIODE PEMBUNGAAN DAN PEMBUAHAN NYAMPLUNG (Calophyllum inophyllum) PADA TEGAKAN BENIH PROVENAN DI WONOGIRI
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Hamdan Adma Adinugraha, Eritrina Windyarini, Tri Maria Hasna, and Budi Leksono
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Wet season ,Canopy ,Horticulture ,education.field_of_study ,Forest product ,Dry season ,Population ,Raw material ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,education ,Pruning ,Calophyllum inophyllum - Abstract
Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) is a potential type of non-timber forest product (NTFP) with high oil yield which is useful as an alternative renewable energy sources and herbal medicine-cosmetics. Result of population selection level in Java Island have been used to build Provenan Seed Stand (PSS) nyamplung in KHDTK Wonogiri (Central Java) as an improved seed source with high oil yield and fruit productivity. Seed become nyamplung part that is used as oil raw material which is strongly influenced by flowering and fruiting period. Information on flowering fruiting ability and period is needed to support the availability of raw materials in a sustainable supply for the nyamplung oil industry. Seed become nyamplung part that is used as oil raw material which is strongly influenced by flowering and fruiting period. Information on flowering fruiting ability and period is needed to support the availability of raw materials in a sustainable supply for the nyamplung oil industry. Observation of flowering and fruiting period focused on 465 individual trees in nyamplung PSS at KHDTK Wonogiri through monthly monitoring by calculated flowering fruiting individual tree during 5 years (2014-2018). The results showed that the flowering period of nyamplung in TBP Wonogiri varied during 2014-2018. Flowering and fruiting occurs almost throughout the year. However, the peak of flowering and fruiting occurs mostly in March-August (end of the rainy season to the middle of dry season). In general, the trend of flowering and fertilization increased in 2014-2016, then decreased in 2017-2018, which is thought to be influenced by the higher canopy density. The environmental factor that most influences flowering is number of rainy days, while fertilization of TBP was strongly influenced by temperature. The management of TBP require future action such: second thinning, top pruning, application of fertilizers and hormones to stimulate flowering, and further detailed observations of flowering fruiting stage and its interaction with microclimate.
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- 2020
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24. An Assessment of Forest Product Harvesting in Community Forests: A Case from Community Forest of Mid-hills, Nepal
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Sushma Bhattarai and Smriti Pahari
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Geography ,Agroforestry ,Forest product - Abstract
Proper harvesting of forest products is crucial for sustainable management but due to low level of skill in and awareness of harvesting, forest is deteriorating and harvesting forest products is wasteful. As harvesting is one of the important factors in minimizing waste and damage and achieving forest sustainability, this study was essential. This case from community forest (CF) of mid-hills region demonstrated the status of existing harvesting practices, tools and techniques used and recommended appropriate mechanism for improving such practices. Semi-structured questionnaire survey was performed with 40% of the total households, five key informant interviews and field observations during the harvesting process at the study site for gathering data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in charts and tables. The study revealed the use of traditional harvesting methods and conventional tools like sickle, bill-hook, and axe but limited use of modern tools. Deviation from the operation plan during block selection and harvesting of trees were observed. Appropriate tools and training to users along with regular monitoring by forest officials are needed. This study will help policy makers, planners and forest officials to make necessary provisions for improving harvesting practice in community forests of Nepal.
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- 2020
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25. Pengaruh Pemupukan terhadap Panjang Cabang Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.) dan Produktivitas Lak di KPH Probolinggo
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Yuni Fatmasari, Noor Farikhah Haneda, and Andi Sukendro
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Toxicology ,Human fertilization ,Forest product ,visual_art ,Shellac ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Branch length ,Foreign exchange ,Biology ,Schleichera oleosa - Abstract
Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.) is a host plant that becomes priority in lac culture in Indonesia. Shellac is one of the non-timber forest product commodities, which is potential to be one of foreign exchange sources. World demand of shellac is increasing throughout the year so that the improvement of shellac productivity is required to fulfill the demand. One of the alternatives is implementing the fertilization due to host plant quality improvement considering that host plant is the source of nutrient of shellac. The activity of fertilization aims to understand the effect of fertilization dosage to the improvement of the branch length as well as productivity of shellac in KPH Probolinggo. The greatest average value of branch length during three and six months, respectively were 66.48 cm and 83.24 cm. While, the greatest average value of shellac productivity was 84.29 g. The treatment of fertilization in different dosage to the kesambi (Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.) was not give significant effect to the length of branch as well as shellac productivity. Keywords: fertilization, Kesambi, Shellac
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- 2020
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26. The Importance of 'Business Management' in Social Forestry Development in Production Forest
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Tajuddin Tajuddin
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Incentive ,Corporate governance ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Forest product ,Forest management ,Production (economics) ,Forestry ,General Medicine ,Business ,Welfare ,Corporation ,media_common ,Unit (housing) - Abstract
The social forestry program which aims to improve the condition of forests and the welfare of the community is a solution in forest governance in Indonesia. However, implementation of social forestry in the field still shows very low performance both qualitatively and quantitatively. Therefore, a transition to a more holistic social forestry management concept is needed, which can be pursued through the implementation of the main social forestry development strategies which include: area management, institutional management and business management. As one of the pillars in the strategy of developing social forestry, business management determines the impact of social forestry activities on improving the welfare of the community. This article aims to present the design of the activities which is needed in establishing business management on social forestry permit schemes in production forests. Analysis of the policy content and the implementation of social forestry programs using interview methods and field observations were presented in both qualitatively and descriptively. We found that, the various activities are business partnerships with corporation or Forest Management Unit, greater authority for communities to harvest forest products, simpler forest product administration regulations, incentives for processing forest products, and ease in obtaining capital support.
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- 2020
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27. Marketing Systems of Minor Forest Products and Identification of Constraints faced by Tribals for Marketing of Minor Forest Product
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R.G. Deshmukh, Rushikesh K. Patil, and Jayshri R. Kankate
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Agroforestry ,Forest product ,Identification (biology) ,Business ,Minor (academic) - Published
- 2020
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28. EVALUACIÓN DEL APROVECHAMIENTO DE BONELLIA SPRUCEI (Mez) COMO PRODUCTO FORESTAL NO MADERABLE EN DOS LOCALIDADES DE LA COMUNIDAD JULCUY
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Lucy Maritza García Lucas, Cecibel Margarita Conforme Quimis, Alfredo Jimenez González, and Paola Yadira Moreira Aguayo
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Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests ,Taxon ,Geography ,Abundance (ecology) ,Forest product ,Sampling (statistics) ,Degree of association ,Forestry ,Transect ,Floristics - Abstract
Una evaluación del aprovechamiento de Bonellia sprucei Mez como producto forestal no maderable se realizó en las localidades de Las Peñas y Soledad de la localidad de Julcuy, para conocer sobre el aprovechamiento y potencialidades de uso de los Productos Forestales No Maderables derivados de esta especie. Se realizaron recorridos de campo, entrevistas y charlas, así el objetivo del trabajo consistió en evaluar el aprovechamiento de Bonellia sprucei Mez, en las localidades antes mencionadas, a través del método empírico de encuestas y la realización de un muestreo aleatorio estratificado; para el muestreo se establecieron transectos de 20 m x 50 m. Mediante un inventario florístico en el bosque seco tropical de aquellas localidades, se comprobó el grado de asociación de ese taxa con otras especies, así mismo se determinó su abundancia, los porcentajes, cantidad de uso y sus derivados. Los resultados revelan la composición del ecosistema, y demuestran que estos productos no se explotan al máximo. La distancia de los árboles a las viviendas es una variable que incide en el precio final del producto.
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- 2020
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29. Potential of Copaifera spp. oleoresin for sustainable extraction in the Eastern Amazon
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Marcel Regis Moreira da Costa Machado, Ângelo Augusto Ebling, Jonathan Benathar de Oliveira Sousa, Selma Lopes Goulart, Bruna Virgílio Almeida, Isamara Sousa Conceição de Benathar, and Marcos Rodrigues
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Economics and Econometrics ,Non-timber forest product ,Forest product ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Perforation (oil well) ,Forest management ,Copaifera ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Diameter at breast height ,Forestry ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,021108 energy ,Oleoresin ,Tree health ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Copaifera oleoresin is an important traditional non-timber forest product in the Amazon; however, the Carajas National Forest has no plans to harvest this product to benefit extractive families. The objective of this study was to determine Copaifera oleoresin extraction potential in the Carajas National Forest, Eastern Amazon, identifying variables that could increase the chances of finding oleoresin. We mapped 129 trees and formulated a multiple logistic regression model (logit) with the collected variables: diameter at breast height (DBH), tree crown, tree health, presence of termites, and presence of damage or bifurcation. Among the mapped trees, we perforated 50 trees to harvest the oleoresin. Most of the oleoresin production occurred in trees with a DBH between 50 and 75 cm. The logit model predicted that an increase in DBH, dense crown, unhollowed trunk, and presence of damage or bifurcation increased the chances of oleoresin extraction, whereas termites did not. The model could contribute to the sustainable management of forest resources by avoiding random perforation of trees and establishing rational routes and cycles of extraction. Since the variables are easily measured, the model can be continuously used for future extractions.
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- 2020
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30. Participative Innovation Platforms (PIP) for Upgrading NTFP Value Chains in East Africa
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Jürgen Pretzsch and Eckhard Auch
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Government ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Process (engineering) ,Forest product ,Forest management ,Forestry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Collective action ,Social learning ,01 natural sciences ,Value (economics) ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Business ,Value chain ,Industrial organization ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Improving forest product value chains is considered a means to solve forest-related challenges in the Global South. The ‘Participative Innovation Platform’ (PIP) instrument has been developed to design and to continually adapt solutions and strategies for effective cooperation amongst value chain actors. The instrument is rooted in the action-oriented and social learning approach, combined with the concept of innovation systems. This paper presents findings from three PIPs conducted for upgrading non-timber forest product value chains in Ethiopia (bamboo, natural gums) and Sudan (gum Arabic). A comparative analysis of highest ranked contents revealed similarities in the challenges: lack of government support, poor infrastructure, producers’ lack of knowledge and skills, and lack of market information. Priority upgrading measures focused on producers’ knowledge, skills, and capacity to engage in collective action and to lobby interests, and on capital resources to invest in processing technology. It is concluded that although the PIP instrument presents an innovative way to upgrade forest-based value chains, the instrument requires a long-term process with frequently held platform meetings, conducted by neutral institutions with skilled moderators. Crucial in this process is the need to consistently verify and ensure that all actor groups of the chain are represented, and are confident they will derive benefits from the value chain upgrading.
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- 2020
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31. COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS (NTFPs) IN BATURIYA WETLAND GAME RESERVE, JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
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Mustapha Yakubu, M. G. Saka, K. D. Salami, K. J. Ilu, and Y. I. Aujara
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Game reserve ,geography ,Diversity index ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Habitat ,Forest product ,Wetland ,Forestry ,Transect ,Diversity (business) - Abstract
Inadequate documentation and information of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in the study sites call for the assessment of composition and diversity of the concern products. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the Composition and Diversity of Non- Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Baturiya Wetland Game Reserve, Jigawa State, Nigeria. A four (4) transects of 1km length was laid at an interval of 400 m. Likewise, in each transect, 4 plots of 100 x 100 m was laid alternately along each transect at 200 m interval. Also four (4) quadrants of 1m x1m in size for small non-timber forest products was randomly laid in each 100 x100m plot for each of the habitats in each plot, plant stocks identified were recorded. Data collected were analysed using Simpson index, Sorenson index and descriptive statistic. Results showed that Upland area had the highest species, number of individual and diversity of Non–Timber Forest Product followed by Swampy area and Fadama area with the values of (94, 1464, D-0.981), (63, 842, D-0.970) and (60, 805, D-0.969) respectively. Upland area and Swampy area had the highest similarity index of 78.5%. The results suggest that the documentation, inventory and management of NTFPs should be addressed in operational plan to enhance its diversity
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- 2020
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32. Ethnomicology and utilization potential of petir fungi (Lignosus sp.) at KPH Sengayam, Kotabaru, South Kalimantan
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Safinah Surya Hakim and Eko Priyanto
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Mushroom ,Geography ,biology ,Agroforestry ,Tiger ,Forest product ,Ethnomycology ,biology.organism_classification ,Lignosus ,Economic potential - Abstract
Known locally as the the lightning mushroom or tiger milk mushroom, Lignosus sp. is well-known as mushroom. Lignosus sp. is categorized as nontimber forest product which has potential to be developed due to its advantages. Interview and literature review were carried out during this study to investigate the ecology, ethnomycology, and economic potential of Lignosus sp. Study result showed that currently the fungi Lignosus sp. in Kotabaru Regency can be found around the forest area that is administratively included in the Muara Urie and Buluh Kuning Villages. Local community has been used this fungi as traditional medicine, such as for cough medicine and postnatal care for mothers. In addition, local people harvest this fungi and sell it to middleman. However, the information of cultivation of this mushroom still limited particularly in South Kalimantan. Therefore, further studies need to be investigate.
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- 2020
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33. Implementation of Good Environmental Governance in the Management of Forest Resources in Banten Province, Indonesia in terms of Environmental Law
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Dwi Desi Yayi Tarina and Imam Haryanto
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Decree ,Forest product ,Natural resource ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,Environmental law ,Forest resource ,Environmental governance ,Agency (sociology) ,Normative ,lcsh:H1-99 ,Business ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,resources ,Environmental planning ,management ,good environmental governance - Abstract
Forests are an integral and inseparable part of the lives of the people who live around them. The potential of natural resources in Indonesia are plentiful, it has a severe impact and high damage. The deteriorating condition of forests, among others are also not balanced with the ability to create plantations and adequate in accordance with the needs of industrial markets. Of the total area of Banten Province amounting to 966,292 Ha, the Area of Forest Area in Banten Province in 2017 according to the Decree of Partial Determination of Forest Areas is an area of 195,286.09 Ha. The purpose of this research is to provide a solution to the Banten Provincial Environment Agency regarding its role in overseeing and controlling the management of forest product resources to implement good environmental governance. The method used in this research is an empirical normative juridical approach, which is an approach that focuses on norms or norms, so that the problem will be assessed and analyzed by referring to the applicable laws and regulations relating to the problem of managing forest resources.
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- 2020
34. Cultural Significance Analysis to Support the Valuation of Non Timber Forest Products of the Malay Community in Tanjung Jabung, Jambi, Sumatera
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Yupi Isnaini, Y. Purwanto, Siti Susiarti, Esti Munawaroh, and Purity Sabila Ajiningrum
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Rambutan ,Artocarpus ,Cultivated plant taxonomy ,Geography ,biology ,Baccaurea ,Agroforestry ,Calamus ,Forest product ,Nephelium ,biology.organism_classification ,Medicinal plants - Abstract
The study of utilizing the diversity of non-timber forest product species by testing the value of cultural importance or Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) analysis aims to identify the species of non-timber forest products with highest importance value for local communities. The results of this study documented (1) list of species of non-timber forest products that have an important role in the Malay community in Tanjung Jabung, Jambi, including foodstuffs (51-77 plants), vegetable ingredients (21 plants), medicinal materials (> 77 plants), equipment materials (62 plants), pulp and paper materials (27 plants), and other non-timber forest products; (2) list of species of the potential non-timber forest products to be further developed as fruit-producing plants (12 species), vegetables (10 species), medicinal plants (6 species), pulp and paper-based plants (6 species), plywood (18 species), basic materials for manufacturing equipment, arts and other local technology (8 species); and (3) basic data on economic valuation studies of non-timber forest products. The potential species that have high importance value to be cultivated plants were rambai (Baccaurea spp.), cempunik (Artocarpus hispidum), durian (Durio zibethinus, Durio oxleyanus, and Durio spp.), and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum and Nephelium spp.) for fruits, rotan jernang (Calamus draco and Calamus spp.) as a medicinal material, and other uses. Specifically the diversity of potential species of non-timber forest products will be discussed in this paper.
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- 2020
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35. Mushroom yield of cultivated shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and fungal communities in logs
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Takuya Kobayashi, Mitsuteru Akiba, Michio Oguro, Hisatomo Taki, Hiroshi Kitajima, and Hiroki Ishihara
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Mushroom ,biology ,Forest product ,Forestry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,010501 environmental sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Horticulture ,Lentinula ,Yield (wine) ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Colonization ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Molecular identification - Abstract
Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) is one of the most commonly consumed mushrooms and an important forest product in Japan. In outdoor log cultivation of shiitake, colonization of logs by wild fu...
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- 2020
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36. Assessment of Levels of Community Awareness to Effects of Forest Degradation and their Environmental Management Practices in Jimma Zone, South western Ethiopia
- Author
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Fentaw Said Endris and Kaso Teha Nura
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education.field_of_study ,Forest product ,forest degradation ,Population ,Livelihood ,jimma zone ,Natural resource ,environmental management ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,Geography ,Deforestation ,Sustainability ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,community awareness ,lcsh:H1-99 ,Natural resource management ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,Socioeconomics ,education ,Environmental degradation ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
This study aimed to assess the levels of community awareness to the environmental effects of growing use of forest product for peoples’ livelihood and their management practices in Jimma Zone. Thus, local farming communities, Development Agents (DA), Agriculture and Natural resource, Forest and Environmental Protection Officials & Experts are the participant of this study. The study employed descriptive survey research design and both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collections were employed. To assess community environmental awareness survey questionnaire questions (both open and close ended) were distributed for 240 sample respondents. An interview with10 Key informant interviews were also conducted with the head of natural resource management offices of selected woredas and six development agents (DA) in sample selected kebeles and four focus group discussions (FDG) consisted of 10 members were also employed to collect qualitative data.The findings show that all the respondents aware of forest and natural resource degradation about (87%) and (75.4%) were aware of clearing of forest to expand farmland for growing population and cutting trees for fuel wood, charcoal and other forest productsrespectively. Only very few of the respondents were indicate that lack of community awareness to sustainable use and management of forest resource (44.5%)and lack of clear understanding of forest laws and regulation among the community (40.4%)as a cause of deforestation. Therefore, the assessment of community awareness to forest resource degradation survey result shows that all of the farmers in the study area have been aware of natural resource and environmental degradation. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that there is a need of modifying educational/training programs for local communities considering the existing knowledge and practices in a particular area.
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- 2020
37. Conservation Species of NTFPs Through Agroforestry for Community Livelihoods in Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara
- Author
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Gerson N. Njurumana and Dona Octavia
- Subjects
Management strategy ,Plant growth ,Geography ,Poverty ,Agroforestry ,Forest product ,Sustainability ,Livelihood ,Aleurites moluccana - Abstract
Conservation and development of non-timber forest product (NTFPs) commodities in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) are urgently needed. NTFPs are a source of livelihood for the rural communities around the forest areas. NTFPs development around the forest areas is needed as a means to create livelihoods and reduce poverty. The management strategy for forest areas based on integrating conservation and community welfare improvement is needed. The research aims to determine the NTFPs potency in Sikka Regency and the socio-economic conditions of NTFP farmers and to initiate the conservation and development of NTFPs based on the agroforestry approach. The research was conducted through literature review, secondary and primary data collection through surveys, interviews and field observations. The results of the study showed that tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.), candlenut (Aleurites moluccana (L) Willd.), areca nut (Areca cathecu L.), and betel (Piper betle L.) is the major of NTFP commodities in Sikka district. The socio-economic conditions of NTFP farmers on surrounding farmer are not prosperous yet, and highly depend on the sustainability of NTFP production. Community initiatives to conserve and regenerate NTFPs through agroforestry need to be improved, especially in improving the rate of plant growth. Technical assistance to increase community capacity in conservation and development of NTFPs around forest areas and private land is still needed.
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- 2020
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38. The Study of Silviculture System for Selective Cutting and Line Planting (TPTJ) and Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting (TPTI) Application at PT Intracawood Manufacturing Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan
- Author
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M. Taufan and Arida Susilowati
- Subjects
biology ,Agroforestry ,Forest product ,Forest management ,Logging ,Sowing ,Environmental science ,Shorea ,Shorea leprosula ,biology.organism_classification ,Shorea parvifolia ,Silviculture - Abstract
Selective Cutting and Line Planting (TPTJ) silvicultural systems and Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting (TPTI) are two of the five silvicultural systems that have been determined by the Ministry of Forestry Regulation No. P.11 / Menhut-II / 2009 juncto P.65 / Menhut-II / 2014 concerning silvicultural systems in the area of timber forest product utilization permits (IUPHHK) in production forests. Three other silvicultural systems based on the regulation are the Gap Logging silviculture system, the Fully Made Rejuvenation System, and the Multi Silviculture System. This study aims to examine the implementation of the TPTJ and TPTI systems in the PT Intracawood Manufacturing (PT Intraca) area, Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan. The methodology of this research is through the approach of growth analysis, comparison of stand increment, observation of environmental conditions, interviews and literature study. Based on the field research, it was found that the diameter increments of Shorea leprosula, Shorea dasyphila, and Shorea parvifolia were greater in the TPTJ system compared to TPTI. However, the TPTI silviculture system at PT Intraca is easier to apply in the field than the TPTJ silviculture system. The TPTJ system has become less effective because planting in the TPTJ system has been carried out by making a 3-meter wide track with a length of approximately 1 km in a plot and if there is potential for the wood to become ineffective. In the area of PT Intraca, to improve the effectiveness of the TPTJ system a mosaic system is used where the planting path is made only in areas with less potential and representative for planting. The types of plants planted in the TPTJ system are far superior, perspective, and are faster than the types of plants in the TPTI system. Planting/enrichment in the TPTI system is easier because it does not need to make a planting path. Planting with seedlings from the extraction is only a transfer from the growth of tillers from areas with an excessive potential for tillers.
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- 2020
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39. Production of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and diversity of harvesting practices and decision-making processes in northern Thailand’s community forests
- Author
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Guy Trébuil, Pongchai Dumrongrojwatthana, and Wuthiwong Wimolsakcharoen
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Resource (biology) ,Forest product ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Resource productivity ,Production (economics) ,Champignon comestible ,Productivity ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,040101 forestry ,Enquête ,Ecology ,biology ,Prise de décision ,Agroforestry ,Productivité des terres ,Oecophylla smaragdina [EN] ,021107 urban & regional planning ,Forestry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Oecophylla smaragdina ,K10 - Production forestière ,Geography ,Community forestry ,Produit forestier non ligneux ,Cueillette ,Sustainability ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,U30 - Méthodes de recherche - Abstract
Previous research on community forestry in Thailand has mainly focused on its institutional dimensions. Comprehensive knowledge on the production of non-timber forest products and on harvesting practices and decision-making processes is therefore still limited, particularly in relation to community-based forestry. A survey was performed to estimate the production of non-timber forest products and to characterize the diversity of harvesting practices and decision-making processes in northern Thailand's community forests. Field investigations were conducted once a month for 12 months in seven community forests in the Lainan sub-district in Nan Province, using a grid-based sampling technique. Production and productivity of the main non-timber forest products were calculated by total fresh weight. In-depth interviews were conducted individually with 231 local harvesters to understand their non-timber forest product harvesting practices and decision-making processes. Young shoots of Melientha suavis, queen broods of Oecophylla smaragdina and edible mushrooms were found to be the three main non-timber forest products collected, with productivity of 2, 12, and 2 kg/ha/year, respectively. Harvesting practices were characterized as applied by (A) landless villagers, (B) small- and medium-sized landholders, (C) larger landholders, and (D) outsiders. Local harvesters displayed different decision-making processes in resource harvesting depending on periods of resource availability, the duration of harvests and the quantities harvested. These quantitative data on resource productivity together with knowledge of harvesting practices and decision-making processes among harvesters will provide input to a participatory resource management process to support exchanges of knowledge among local stakeholders and explore scenarios for appropriate rules of access so as to improve the sustainability of non-timber forest product harvesting.
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- 2020
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40. CHINA FOREST COVER EXTRACTION BASED ON GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE
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Y. T. Guo, X. M. Zhang, T. F. Long, W. L. Jiao, G. J. He, R. Y. Yin, and Y. Y. Dong
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lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,lcsh:T ,Forest product ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,lcsh:TA1501-1820 ,Forestry ,02 engineering and technology ,Subtropics ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Technology ,Random forest ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Environmental science ,Extraction (military) ,China ,Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,Hectare ,Temperate coniferous forest ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Forest cover rate is the principal indice to reflect the forest acount of a nation and region. In view of the difficulty of accurately calculating large-scale forest area by traditional statistical survey methods, it is proposed to extract China forest area based on Google Earth Engine platform. Trained by the enough samples selected through the Google Earth software, there are nine different random forest classifiers applicable to their corresponding zones. Using Landsat 8 surface reflectance data of 2018 year and the modified forest partition map, China forest cover is generated on the Google Earth Engine platform. The accuracy of China's forest coverage achieves 89.08%, while the accuracy of Global Forest Change datasets of Maryland university and Japan’s ALOS Forest/Non-Forest forest product reach 87.78% and 84.57%. Besides, the precision of tropical/subtropical forest, temperate coniferous forest as well as nonforest region are 83.25%, 87.94% and 97.83%, higher than those of other’s accuracy. Our results show that by means of the random forest algorithm and enough samples, tropical and subtropical broadleaf forest, temperate coniferous forest and nonforest partition can be extracted more accurately. Through the computation of forest cover, our result shows that China has a area of 220.42 million hectare in 2018.
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- 2020
41. Comparison of physical and mechanical properties of four rattan species grown in China
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Shumin Yang, Jianfeng Ma, Genlin Tian, Lili Shang, E’lin Xiang, and Xing’e Liu
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0106 biological sciences ,Bamboo ,Forest product ,Agricultural engineering ,01 natural sciences ,Quality performance ,lcsh:TH1-9745 ,Biomaterials ,010608 biotechnology ,Physical–mechanical properties ,Rattan ,Cane ,lcsh:Forestry ,Mathematics ,040101 forestry ,Species ,biology ,Significant difference ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Calamus simplicifolius ,Calamus ,Basic density ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,lcsh:SD1-669.5 ,lcsh:Building construction - Abstract
Rattan cane is an important forest product only second to timber and bamboo, with higher economic value and ecological benefits. Physical and mechanical properties are more important quality performance indexes, which are highly correlated with the processing and utilization of rattan cane. The present paper describes a study of main physical and mechanical properties in different heights of rattan cane for four rattan species, and also makes a comparison of property for Calamus simplicifolius grown in different sites. The relationship between species, cane position, density and mechanical properties of the rattan in China is also discussed. The results show that the physical and mechanical properties differ among four rattan species, and they follow irregular variation pattern with height. The physical–mechanical properties have no significant difference among species except modulus of elasticity, and the same as the different geographical areas. The basic density and mechanical properties gave a more moderate correlation with quadric equation. This result will provide basic data support for property modification and commercial utilization of rattan resources.
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- 2020
42. Effect of Leafy and Leafless Greenwood, Softwood and Hardwood Cuttings Success of Garcinia kola (Heckel)
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Kouame Kevin Koffi, Kouakou L. Kouakou, Mamadou Cherif, Irié Arsène Zoro Bi, Camille Kouakou, Jonas Patrick Dao, and Mahamadi Hamed Ouedraogo
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Cutting ,Horticulture ,Softwood ,biology ,Vegetative reproduction ,Forest product ,Hardwood ,Garcinia kola ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Cola (plant) ,Sprouting - Abstract
Garcinia kola Heckel, called “petit cola” in Cote d’Ivoire and “bitter kola” in Nigeria, is a Non-Timber Forest Product of great socioeconomic importance. Unfortunately, this species is threatened due to overexploitation and deforestation. This study tested the effect of leaf area on stem cuttings to regenerate vegetatively in a non-mist poly-propagator without using exogenous hormones. Three stem cuttings types: greenwood, softwood and hardwood (12 - 15 cm in length) were collected from 24-month years old seedlings. The two top leaves of each cutting type were conserved at different leaf area: 0 cm2, 28.25 cm2, 56.5 cm2, 84.75 cm2 and 113 cm2 (entire leaf area). Observations were made on rooting, sprouting and leafing abilities of cuttings depending to treatments applied. Results showed that all cutting types have presented good ability to shooting and rooting. Cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf areas presented the best rooting (94.44% ± 2.42%) and shouting (95.55% ± 2.42%) percentage and longest primary root length (12.03 ± 0.50 cm). Hardwood, softwood and greenwood cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf area had the best rooting percentage (96.66% ± 3.33%, 96.66% ± 5.77% and 90.00% ± 5.77% respectively). The longest primary root length (13.50 ± 0.97 cm) was observed to greenwood cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf area. Regenerated plants in the forest presented well survival percentage (96.66%). This study shows that it is possible to regenerate entire plants by cuttings without using external hormones in non-mist poly-propagator.
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- 2020
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43. Profitability and Determinants of the Choice of Commercialization of Non-Timber Forest Products in Kinshasa. Case of Salacia pynaertii De Wild, Gnetum africanum Welw, Pteridum centrali-africanum Hieron
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Edwin Imfumu and Félicien Lukoki
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Non-timber forest product ,biology ,Descriptive statistics ,Forest product ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Questionnaire ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Logistic regression ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Geography ,Gnetum africanum ,Marital status ,Profitability index ,Socioeconomics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The paper presents the result of the profitability and determinants of the choice of commercialization of non-timber forest products in Kinshasa. This was achieved by means of questionnaire survey administered to 207 vendors of Salacia pynaertii, Gnetum africanum and Pteridumcentrali-africanum. The objectives were to identify the factors which determine the choice of commercializing each non-timber forest product (NTFP) and determine their profitability. Descriptive analysis of all variables collected through the questionnaire survey was undertaken followed by logistic regression of selected factors. Age and marital status determine the choice of commercialization of S. pynaertii, experience is the only explanatory factor determining the choice of G. africanum; age, marital status, market access, place of supply and level of income are explanatory factors determining the choice of commercializing P. centrali-africanum. The results of the daily financial calculations gave the profitability of the 3 NTFPs studied as follows: 5300 CDF (5.7 USD) and 41, 7% for S. pynaertii, 9300 CDF (10 USD) and 86.9% for G. africanum; and 320 CDF (0.34 USD) and 32.2 for P. centrali-africanum.
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- 2020
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44. Análise do mercado brasileiro de celulose, 1969-2005 Analysis of the wood pulp Brazilian market, 1969 - 2005
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Naisy Silva Soares, Márcio Lopes da Silva, Sebastião Renato Valverde, João Eustáquio de Lima, and Uemerson Rodrigues de Souza
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Celulose ,produto florestal ,oferta ,Wood pulp ,forest product ,supply ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 - Abstract
O segmento de celulose e papel contribui de forma significativa para a economia brasileira. O conhecimento da estrutura do mercado de celulose é fundamental para fins de planejamento da produção, comercialização e previsão para o setor. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal especificar e estimar a oferta e demanda brasileira de celulose, bem como a oferta e a demanda de exportação, no período de 1969 a 2005. Os resultados, usando o método dos Mínimos Quadrados de Dois Estágios (MQ2E), indicaram que a oferta e a demanda interna de celulose, bem como a oferta e a demanda de exportação, são preço-inelástico. A demanda interna é inelástica com relação à renda. Já a demanda de exportação é elástica com relação à renda. A oferta interna é mais sensível a variações no preço das máquinas e equipamentos. A oferta de exportação é sensível a variações na produção e no consumo interno e a demanda de exportação, a variações na renda dos países importadores.The wood pulp and paper sector contributes significantly for the Brazilian economy. The knowledge of the wood pulp market structure is important for production planning, commercialization and forecast for the sector. The main objective of the present study it to specify and estimate the domestic supply and demand of wood pulp, as well as the export supply and demand functions, in the period from 1969 to 2005. The results provided by' the two-stage least squares method (TSLS) indicated that domestic and export supply and demand of wood pulp are price inelastic. The domestic demand is inelastic in relation to income while the export demand is elastic in relation to income. The domestic supply is more affected by changes in machinery and equipment prices. The export supply is affected by changes in production and domestic demand while the export demand is affected by changes in the income of the importing countries.
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- 2009
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45. Análise econométrica da demanda brasileira de importação de borracha natural, de 1964 a 2005 Econometric analysis of Brazilian import demand for natural rubber during 1964-2005
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Naisy Silva Soares, Márcio Lopes da Silva, Sebastião Renato Valverde, Ricardo Ribeiro Alves, and Fabiano Lourenço dos Santos
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Borracha natural ,demanda de importação ,produto florestal ,forest product ,Natural rubber ,importation demand ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 - Abstract
Este trabalho teve por objetivos especificar e estimar a demanda brasileira de importação de borracha natural, no período de 1964 a 2005. As variáveis explicativas do modelo de demanda de importação foram: preço de importação da borracha natural, PIB per capita, taxa de câmbio, taxa de juros, quantidade de borracha natural produzida internamente e tendência. As estimativas obtidas utilizando o modelo de ajustamento parcial confirmaram que as variáveis explicativas afetam, significativamente, a demanda brasileira de importação de borracha natural. Os resultados apontaram que a demanda brasileira de importação de borracha natural é inelástica com relação ao preço de importação e à renda; é pouco sensível a variações no preço de importação, à taxa de câmbio, à renda e à taxa de juros, mas é sensível às variações na quantidade de borracha natural produzida internamente, no curto e longo prazos; e a borracha natural é um bem normal.This work aimed to specify and estimate the Brazilian import demand for natural rubber from 1964 to 2005. The variables applied to explain import demand were: natural rubber import price, GNP per capita, exchange nominal rate (R$/US$), "overnight" interest rate, natural rubber domestic production and trend. The estimates showed that the variables significantly affected the Brazilian import demand for natural rubber. The results indicated that the Brazilian import demand for natural rubber is inelastic in relation to import price and income; little sensitive to variations in import price, exchange nominal rate (R$/US$), income and "overnight" interest rate but it is sensitive to domestic rubber production variations , in the short and long runs; and that natural rubber is a regular commodity.
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- 2008
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46. Relação da produção de sementes de castanha-do-Brasil com características morfométricas da copa e índices de competição Relationship of Brazil-nut seed yield to crown morphometric characteristics and competition indexes
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Helio Tonini, Paulo Emilio Kaminski, and Patricia da Costa
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Bertholletia excelsa ,Brasil ,Amazônia ,Roraima ,produto florestal ,Brazil ,Amazon ,forest product ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a relação da produção de sementes de árvores nativas de castanha-do-brasil com características morfométricas da copa e índices de competição. Os dados foram coletados em florestas nativas no Sul do Estado de Roraima, com 88 árvores amostradas em diferentes classes de produtividade. Em cada árvore, foram medidas as variáveis dendrométricas e foram determinados os índices morfométricos da copa e os índices de competição, dependentes e independentes da distância. As relações entre a morfometria, os parâmetros da copa e os índices de competição com a produção de sementes foram obtidas com o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Witney. Para inferir as relações entre as variáveis morfométricas da copa e o diâmetro do tronco, utilizou-se a análise de regressão linear pelo procedimento "stepwise". As árvores mais produtivas foram aquelas com posições superiores no dossel, que apresentam copas bem formadas, mais compridas e com menor relação altura/diâmetro. A competição teve pouco efeito sobre a produção de sementes, em árvores adultas que começam a produzir frutos somente após atingirem as posições superiores do dossel.The aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship of seed yield of Brazil-nut native trees to crown morphometric characteristics and competition indexes. The data were collected in 88 sample trees, in natural forests in the South of Roraima State, Brazil, regarding different productivity classes. In each tree, the dendrometric variables, the indexes of morphometry and competition (distance dependent and independent) were measured. The relationships between crown morphometric variables and competition indexes to seed yield were obtained through the Spearman correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. A linear regression analysis, through the stepwise procedure, was used to infer crown relations among morphometric variables and the diameter at breast height. The most productive trees were those with upper canopy positions, wich showed well-formed and longer crowns, and smaller height/diameter relationships. Competition showed nonsignificant effect on seed yield, in adult trees that start to produce fruits only after reaching the upper canopy positions.
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- 2008
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47. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Consumers’ Preferences for Wood Furniture: An Accounting Perspective
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Jianxiong Chen and Chung-Cheng Yang
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Consumption (economics) ,COVID-19 ,consumers’ preferences ,accounting perspective ,wood furniture sales ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Forest product ,Perspective (graphical) ,Forestry ,Accounting ,Preference ,Pandemic ,Revenue ,Business ,Research Object ,QK900-989 ,Plant ecology - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on forest product markets and the forest product industry, and has also seriously affected the sales of forest products. This research aimed to analyze people’s preference for wood furniture and make policy recommendations. We examined the impact of the pandemic on consumers’ preferences for wood furniture from the perspective of accounting. Taking the accounting data of wood furniture enterprises as the research object, through the translog revenue function, and using the relationship between revenue and consumption in economics, we found that the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced consumers’ preferences for wood furniture, but the decline in preference is smaller for wood furniture produced by extra-large furniture manufacturers. This study contributes to the literature and in view of our research results and the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, we provide policy suggestions for the related governmental agencies and wood furniture manufacturers, in this special environment, that can reduce the negative impact of a pandemic on the wood furniture industry.
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- 2021
48. Perceived Effects of Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events on Forests and Forest-Based Livelihoods in Malawi
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Paxie W. Chirwa, Samuel O. M. Manda, Harold L. W. Chisale, and F. D. Babalola
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essential forest products ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Agroforestry ,Forest product ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Flooding (psychology) ,forest dependent communities ,TJ807-830 ,Climate change ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,TD194-195 ,Livelihood ,Firewood ,sensitivity ,Renewable energy sources ,Environmental sciences ,Extreme weather ,binary regression model ,Geography ,climate change ,Effects of global warming ,forest-based livelihoods ,Forest ecology ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The emerging risks and impacts of climate change and extreme weather events on forest ecosystems present significant threats to forest-based livelihoods. Understanding climate change and its consequences on forests and the livelihoods of forest-dependent communities could support forest-based strategies for responding to climate change. Using perception-based assessment principles, we assessed the effects of climate change and extreme weather events on forests and forest-based livelihood among the forest-dependent communities around the Mchinji and Phirilongwe Forest Reserves in the Mchinji and Mangochi districts in Malawi. Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The impact of erratic rainfall, high temperatures, strong winds, flooding, and droughts was investigated using logistic regression models. The respondents perceived increasing erratic rainfall, high temperatures, strong winds, flooding, and droughts as key extreme climate events in their locality. These results varied significantly between the study sites (p <, 0.05). Erratic rainfall was perceived to pose extended effects on access to the forest in both Phirilongwe in Mangochi (43%) and Mchinji (61%). Climate change was found to be associated with reduced availability of firewood, thatch grasses, fruits and food, vegetables, mushrooms, and medicinal plants (p <, 0.05). Erratic rainfall and high temperatures were more likely perceived to cause reduced availability of essential forest products, and increased flooding and strong winds were less likely attributed to any effect on forest product availability. The study concludes that climate change and extreme weather events can affect the access and availability of forest products for livelihoods. Locally based approaches such as forest products domestication are recommended to address threats to climate-sensitive forest-based livelihoods.
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- 2021
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49. Phenology of Dipteryx odorata and Dipteryx punctata in agroforestry systems in the eastern Amazon
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Helinara Lais Vieira Capucho, Ádria Fernandes da Silva, Ananda Gabrielle de Matos Rebêlo, Daniela Pauletto, and Arystides Resende Silva
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native tree ,produto florestal ,sazonalidade climática ,seasonality ,Agriculture (General) ,amazon ,Agriculture ,amazônia oriental ,phenology ,espécie arbórea ,S1-972 ,Environmental sciences ,árvore nativa ,tree species ,agroforestry systems ,amazônia ,fenologia ,cumaru ,sistemas agroflorestais ,GE1-350 ,forest product ,eastern amazon - Abstract
The phenology of trees in agroforestry systems is important for predicting the management and collection of timber and nontimber resources. This study describes the phenological stages of Dipteryx odorata and Dipteryx punctata in agroforestry systems, assessing climatic factors that may affect the phenophases of the species. The study was conducted in plantations in Mojuí dos Campos city, Pará State, Brazil. In each area, 45 trees were monitored, totaling 90 individuals. Observations lasted 25 months (Oct/2015 to Dec/2017). The phenophases evaluated monthly were flowering, fruiting, new leaves, and leaf fall. Data were collected for dendrometric characterization of the trees, as well as climatic variables including rainfall, temperature, humidity, and insolation for the period. For the analysis of phenological data, the intensity, frequency, synchrony, and duration of phenophases were described for each species. The influence of climatic factors on the phenophases was analyzed through multivariate principal component analysis aiming to select the essential variables for phenological studies in the species plantations, as well as to identify correlations. The results indicate phenological seasonality for the two species under study. Species Dipteryx odorata has low synchrony for phenological events. For Dipteryx punctata, the phenophases are synchronous. High correlations between phenological and climatic variables must be evaluated individually for each species, as they have different periods of phenophase manifestation. A fenologia de árvores em sistemas agroflorestais é importante para previsão de manejo e coleta de recursos madeireiros e não-madeireiros. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os padrões fenológicos de Dipteryx odorata e Dipteryx punctata em sistemas agroflorestais e avaliar as variáveis meteorológicas que afetam as fenofases das espécies. O estudo foi desenvolvido em dois plantios situados no município de Mojuí dos Campos, Pará. Em cada área, foram monitoradas 45 árvores, totalizando 90 indivíduos, observados durante 25 meses (out/2015 a dez/2017). As fenofases mensalmente avaliadas foram: floração, frutificação, folhas novas e queda foliar. Foram coletados dados para caracterização dendrométrica do porte das árvores, e variáveis meteorológicas de precipitação, temperatura média, umidade do ar e insolação do período. Para análise dos dados fenológicos foi descrito para cada espécie a intensidade, frequência, sincronia e duração. A influência dos fatores climáticos nas fenofases foi analisada por meio de análises multivariadas de componentes principais para selecionar as variáveis essenciais para estudos fenológicos nos plantios, e identificar correlações. Os resultados indicam que há sazonalidade fenológica para as duas espécies analisadas. Para Dipteryx odorata há baixa sincronia para os eventos fenológicos. Para Dipteryx punctata as fenofases são sincrônicas. Altas correlações entre variáveis fenológicas e meteorológicas devem ser avaliadas individualmente para cada espécie pois possuem épocas distintas de manifestação de fenofases.
- Published
- 2021
50. Classification of Wooden Housing Building Systems.
- Author
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De Araujo, Victor A., Cortez-Barbosa, Juliana, Gava, Maristela, Garcia, José N., de Souza, Alexandre J. D., Savi, Antonio F., Morales, Elen A. M., Molina, Julio C., Vasconcelos, Juliano S., Christoforo, André L., and Lahr, Francisco A. R.
- Subjects
- *
HOUSE construction , *SUSTAINABLE buildings , *INDUSTRIALIZATION , *FOREST products , *BUILDING material durability - Abstract
Wooden housing is one of the most sustainable building alternatives. In many European and North American countries, wooden houses provide the most common, economical, and practical solution for construction. The timber buildings present adequate levels of durability, acoustics, and thermal comforts. Despite their popularity, wood houses do not have a standardized classification to define and organize their main aspects. In literature dealing with timber construction, most authors emphasize structural systems for large spans (bridges, hangars, roofs, etc.). The presence of some classifications of timber construction results in unclear issues, and few studies have covered and regarded wooden buildings as residential construction typologies. Accordingly, this paper proposes a classification that connects the aspects and details of wooden housing materials in relation to the industrialization level and chronological origin. We expect this classification to assist in a better understanding of distinct wooden housing techniques commercially produced worldwide, diffusing their concepts and possibilities as forestry-timber products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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