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1. A feasibility study of psychological first aid as a supportive intervention among police officers exposed to traumatic events

Author

Steve Geoffrion, Marie-Pierre Leduc, Elody Bourgouin, François Bellemare, Valérie Arenzon, and Christine Genest

Subjects
psychological first aid, police work, feasibility, applied psychology, demand, acceptabilitity, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

IntroductionPolice officers are often exposed to traumatic events, which can induce psychological distress and increase the risk of developing post-traumatic stress injuries. To date, little is known about support and prevention of traumatic events in police organizations. Psychological first aid (PFA) has been promoted as a promising solution to prevent psychological distress following exposure to a traumatic event. However, PFA has not yet been adapted to policing reality, let alone to the frequent exposure to traumatic events faced by this population. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of PFA as an early intervention for the prevention of post-traumatic stress injuries among police officers in Quebec, Canada. Specifically, the objectives were to evaluate: (1) the demand. (2) the practicality, and (3) the acceptability of PFA in a police organization.MethodsA feasibility study was conducted to evaluate the implementation of PFA among Quebec’s provincial police force. To do so, 36 police officers participated in semi-structured interviews between October 26th, 2021, and July 23rd, 2022. Participants were comprised of responders (n = 26), beneficiaries (n = 4) and managers (n = 6). Interviews were transcribed, coded, and evaluated according to a thematic analysis.ResultsEleven themes emerged from participants’ responses. Results suggested that PFA met individual and organizational needs. References were also made regarding the impacts of this intervention. Moreover, participants provided feedback for improving the implementation and sustainability of a PFA program. All three groups of participants shared similar thematic content.DiscussionFindings revealed that implementation of a PFA program in a law enforcement agency was feasible and could be accomplished without major issues. Importantly, PFA had beneficial consequences within the organization. Specifically, PFA destigmatized mental health issues and renewed a sense of hope among police personnel. These findings are in line with previous research.

Published
2023
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2. Sternum Length and Rib Cage Dimensions Compared with Bodily Proportions in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis

Author

Louis-Philippe Laurin, Vincent Jobin, and François Bellemare

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

BACKGROUND: A greater structural expansion of the rib cage in females compared with males has been described in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients; however, conflicting data exist as to whether an elongation of the bony ribs and sternum contributes to this expansion.

Published
2012
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3. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale: Self-Administration Versus Administration by the Physician, and Validation of a French Version

Author

Marta Kaminska, Vincent Jobin, Pierre Mayer, Robert Amyot, Mélanie Perraton-Brillon, and François Bellemare

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) measures sleepiness and is used for, among others, patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The questionnaire is usually self-administered, but may be physician administered. The aim was to compare the two methods of administration and to validate a French version.

Published
2010
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4. Heliox administration in anesthetized rabbits with spontaneous inspiratory flow limitation

Author

François Bellemare, Matteo Pecchiari, Paolo Barbini, Edgardo D'Angelo, and Gabriele Cevenini

Subjects
Physiology, rabbit, heliox, inspiratory flow limitation, obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea, upper airways, Helium, Heliox, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Inspiratory flow, Physiology (medical), Tidal Volume, Animals, Medicine, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Tidal volume, business.industry, Airway Resistance, respiratory system, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Oxygen, Obstructive sleep apnea, 030228 respiratory system, Anesthesia, Rabbit model, Rabbits, business
Abstract

In an obstructive sleep apnea rabbit model, heliox never abolishes tidal inspiratory flow limitation (IFL), but increases inspiratory flow and tidal volume, substantially in some and nearly nil in other animals. Positive response to heliox cannot be predicted on the basis of breathing pattern characteristics or upper airway resistance that preceded IFL onset, but is related to the mechanical and geometrical features of upper airway collapsible segment, as indicated by model simulation.

Published
2021
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5. Economic evaluation alongside the Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial (E-PROSPECT): study protocol

Author

Katie Ross, Dimitra Fleming, John Marshall, Najib Ayas, François Lellouche, Justin Lys, Ryan Zarychanski, Timothy Karachi, Deborah J Cook, Marie-Claude Tremblay, Jeremy Grushka, Dan Deckelbaum, Kosar Khwaja, Tarek Razek, Donald Griesdale, John Muscedere, David Maslove, Roupen Hatzakorzian, Patrick Archambault, Feng Xie, François Lauzier, Heather Smith, David Williamson, Emmanuel Charbonney, John Granton, Alyson Takaoka, Kwadwo Kyeremanteng, Miranda Hunt, Ian Ball, Victoria McCredie, Michaël Chasse, Jennifer LY Tsang, Jordi Mancebo, Peter Dodek, Emilie Belley-Cote, Neala Hoad, Melissa Shears, Mark Soth, Tracy Campbell, Geeta Mehta, Daniel Chen, Shane English, Maureen Meade, John Kim, Jie Meng, Richard Johnston, Jennie Johnstone, Norman Dewhurst, Panagiota Giannakouros, Laura García, John Ma, Dev Jayaraman, Pierre Cardinal, Vincent Issac Lau, John C Marshall, John Basmaji, Deborah Cook, Erick Duan, France Clarke, Mary Copland, Marnie Jakab, Nicole Zytaruk, Christa Connolly, Denise Davis, Catherine Eaton, Tracy Gallinas, Jean Lee-Yoo, Connie Lukinuk, Leia Musielak, Nancy Pavunkovic, Joy Pelayo, Kaitlyn Phillips, Catherine Pracsovics, Julia Raimondo, Vida Stankus, Christine Wallace, Angela Wright, Crystal Young, Katrina Fimiani, Lori Hand, Harjot Jagdey, Lisa Klotz, Alexana Sabev, Nevena Savija, Deanne Cosentino, Diane Lourenco, Julie Misina, Gita Sobhi, Mashari Alghuroba, Alia Khaled, Lauren Locco, Tina Millen, Ryan Vaisler, Maya Biljan, Brittany Marriott, Jan Frieich, Jennifer Hodder, Imrana Khalid, Julie Lee, Yoon Lee, Pragma Roy, Kurtis Salway, Gyan Sandhu, Marlene Santos, Orla Smith, Melissa Wang, Ann Dowbenka, Ann Kosinski, Terri Norrie, Ranjit Parhar, Laura Parsons, Johanna Proceviat, Gitana Ramonas, Mae Yuen, Maria Agda, Victoria Alcuaz, Betty Jean Ashley, Kelsey Brewer, Janice Palmer, Glen Brown, Mara Pavan, Stephen Lapinsky, Laveena Munshi, Maedean Brown, Brittany Giacomino, Alan Kraguljac, Sumesh Shah, Erik Tamberg, Laura Vergeer, Doret Cheng, Gagan Grewal, Anew Han, Holly Leung, Ioanna Mantas, Hilary Roigues, Anew Wyllie, Alexis Turgeon, Danny Barriault, David Bellemare, Anick Boivin, Sarah-Judith Breton, Eve Cloutier, Marjorie Daigle, Charles Delisle-Thibeault, Stéphanie Grenier, Gabrielle Guilbault, Caroline Léger, Catherine Ouellet, Élisabeth Gagne, Julie Gaueau, Claire Grégoire, Véronique Labbé, Ariane Laprise-Rochette, Caroline Ouellet, Mélanie Samson, Marie-David Simoneau, Virginie Turcotte, Tuong-Vi Tran, Lauralyn McIntyre, Joe Pagilarello, Gianni D’Egidio, Mike Hartwick, Jonathon Hooper, Gwynne Jones, Dal Kubelik, Hilary Meggison, Sherissa Microys, Dave Neiliovitz, Guiseppe Pagliarello, Rakesh Patel, Jo Po, Peter Reardon, Erin Rosenberg, Aimee Sarti, Anew Seely, Shelley Acres, Brigette Gomes, Heather Langlois, Liane Leclair, Sydney Miezitis, Kaitlyn Montroy, Rebecca Porteous, Shawna Reddie, Amanda Van Beinum, Allyshia Van Tol, Irene Watpool, Wendy Aikens, Marianne Cox, Anne-Marie Dugal, Susan Fetzer, Kathy Fraser, Jennifer Kuhn, Rob MacLeod, Susanne Richard, Dawn Rose, Sherry Weir, Bill Henderson, Mypinder Sekhon, Denise Foster, Suzie Logie, Judy Yip, Margaret Herridge, s Alberto Goffi, Eyal Golan, Elizabeth Wilcox, Jaimie Archer, Paulina Farias, Brooke Fraser, Cheryl Geen-Smith, Barbara Kosky, Anea Matte, Christina Pugliese, Priscila Robles, Lia Stenyk, Cristian Urrea, Karolina Walczak, Kyung Ae, Jane Ascroft, Fatima Haji, Rajvinder Kaur, Jane Lui, Sophia Mateo, Nga Pham, Tam Pham, Matthew Suen, Jennifer Teng, Gordon Wood, Daniel Ovakim, Fiona Auld, Gayle Camey, Ralph Fleming, Jennifer Good, Mandeep Manhas, Karin Boyd, Jane Dheere, Priscilia Robles, Muhammad Walid, Jill Westlund, Yoan Lamarche, Soazig Leguillan, Karim Serri, Colin Verdant, Yanick Beaulieu, Patrick Bellemare, Philippe Bernard, Marc Giasson, Véronique Brunette, Alexanos Cavayas, Émilie Lévesque, Halina Labikova, Julia Lainer Palacios, Marie-Ève Langlois, Virginie Williams, Thuy Anh Nguyen, Valérie Phaneuf, Frédérick D’Aragon, Charles St-Arnaud, Hector Quiroz, Virginie Bolduc, Elaine Carbonneau, Joannie Marchand, Marie-Hélène Masse, Sylvie Cloutier, Marianne Guay, Line Morin, Jessie Nicolson, Isabelle Paquette, Patricia Roy, France Théberge, Arnold S Kristof, Peter Goldberg, Sheldon Magder, Jason Shahin, Salman Qureshi, Josie Campisi, Vasilica Botan, Anissa Capilnean, Alyssa Corey, Annick Gagné, Jasmine Mian, Kathleen Normandin, Ash Gursahaney, David Hornstein, Robert Salasidis, Patrizia Zanelli, Norine Alam, Tonia Doerksen, Ariane Lessard, Gilbert Matte, Marie-France Robert, Martin Girard, Pierre Aslanian, Sylvain Belisle, François-Martin Carrier, Ané Denault, Jean-Gilles Guimond, Antoine Halwagi, Paul Hébert, Christopher Kolan, Nicholas Robillard, Fatna Benettaib, Dounia Boumahni, Casey Bourdeau Caporuscio, Marie-Ève Cantin, Virginy Côté-Gravel, Ali Ghamraoui, Martine Lebrasseur, Lancelot Legene Courville, Stéphanie Lorio, Maria Trinidad Maid, Nicole Poitras, Romain Rigal, Maya Salame, Valérie Tran, Katie Bacon, Nathalie Boueau, Cecilia Carvajal, Lyne Gauthier, Julie Genon, Karine Jean, Louise Laforest, Antonietta Lembo, Sothun Lim, Jennifer Morrissette, France Pagé, Lucie Pelletier, Marie-Christine Roigue, Jim Kutsiogiannis, Raiyan Chowdhury, Jon Davidow, Curt Johnston, Kim Macala, Sam Marcushamer, Darren Markland, Doug Matheson, Damian Paton-Gay, David Zygun, Nadine Grant, Tayne Hewer, Pat Thompson, Maggie Ge, Janny Hall, Sharon Matenchuk, Osama Loubani, Rick Hall, Robert Green, Diana Gillis, Lisa Julien, Laura Lee Magennis, Tamara Mitterer, Joanna Arsenault, Kim Bruce-Payne, Patti Gallant, Gord Boyd, Christine D’Arsigny, John Over, Jason Erb, Chris Parker, Stephanie Sibley, Tracy Boyd, Ilinca Georgescu, Danielle Muscedere, Cathy Baker, Jennifer Engel, Jennifer Fleming, Lisa Roderick, Shelley Silk, Marcy Spencer, Michelle Tryon, Marcus Blouw, Kendiss Olafson, Bojan Paunovic, Oliver Gutieror, Nicole Marten, Sherri Lynn Wingfield, Marnie Boyle, Halyna Ferens, Debbie Hrabi, Beata Kozak, Chantal MacDonald, Julie Muise, Eileen Campbell, Susie Imerovski, Athena Ovsenek, Rebecca Rondinelli, Teresa Longfield, Amy Moyer, Faith Norris, Janice Sumpton, Karina Teterycz, Brenda Reeve, Karen Bento, Megan Davis, Will Dechert, Krista Gallo, Barbara Longo, Courtney Mullen, Elysia Skrzypek, Laurenne Wierenga, Wesam Abuzaiter, Lynda Amorim, Rosemarie Bauer, Rachel Damota, Thoa Ho, Nicole Macdougall, Mary Thornewell, Lara Pe, Jennifer Visocchi, Auey Bhairo, Halyna Ferenes, Debra Kubin, Dawn-Lee McLaughlin, Maria Valente, Steve Reynolds, Suzette Willems, Tina Sekhon, Sebastien Trop, Alexana Binnie, Ronald Heslegrave, Kim Sharman, Zaynab Panchbhaya, Rakhi Goel, Kim Kozluk, Julianne Labelle, Hina Marsonia, Cecillia Scott, Dave Nagpal, Tracey Bentall, Jessica Sturt-Smith, Michelle Alexander, Tammy Ellis, Mindy Muylaert, Cindy Paczkowski, Wendy Sligl, Sean Bagshaw, Nadia Baig, Lorena McCoshen, Katrina Alexanopoulos, Sherri Bain, Michelle Brandt, Cathy Constable, Kari Douglas, Shaleen Maharaj, Sabrina Travers, Tom Stelfox, Philippe Couillard, Christopher Doig, Ken Parhar, Joshua Booth, Cassidy Codan, Stacy Ruddell, Candice Cameron, Rhonda Edison, Anne Martin, Breanna Mina, Dan Niven, Luc Berthiaume, Jonathan Gaudet, Gina Fleming, Mercedes Carmargo, Beverly Hoekstra, Rita Caporuscio, Rachel Kressner Falvo, Carmelina Maxwell, Karmen Plantic, François Marquis, Han Tin Wang, Francis Toupin, Stephane Ahern, Brian Laufer, Marc Brosseau, Pauline Dul, Johanne Harvey, Lotthida Inthanavong, Danae Tassy, Helen Assayag, Maude Bachand, Marysa Betournay, Karine Daoust, Kristine Goyette, Marceline Quach, Paul Hosek, Bill Plaxton, Catherine Armstrong, Rhonda Barber, William Dechert, Janelle Ellis, Kayla Fisk, Melissa Gabnouri, Emilie Gordon, Rebecca Haegens, Lisa Halford, Brooklynn Hillis, Rebecca Jesso, Jenn McLaren, Elliot McMillan, Mariska Pelkmans, Matthew Rekman, Sylvia Sinkovitis, Monica Truong, Michelle White, Noah Bates, Susan Bryden-Cromwell, Lisa Cha, Colleen Cameron, Aminah Deen, Sheri DiGiovanni, Anders Foss, Esther Lee, Heidi MacGregor, Esther Galbraith, Robyn McArthur, Julie McGregor, Keith Miller, Sharon Morris, Shelley Parker, Candice Smith, Joanna Stoglow, Jennifer Tung, Melissa Vos, Neill Adhikari, Ane Amaral, Ane Carlos, Brian Cuthbertson, Rob Fowler, Damon Scales, Navjot Kaur, Nicole Marinoff, Adic Perez, Jane Wang, Katrina Hatzifilalithis, John Iazzetta, Chrys Kolos, Ingrid Quinton, Paul Lysecki, Joseph Berlingieri, Sameer Shaikh, Steven Skitch, Hala Basheer, Kathy Bruder, Jane Cheng, Kaiser Qureshi, Celeste Thibault, Ying Tung Sia, Mathieu Simon, Pierre-Alexane Bouchard, Patricia Lizotte, Nathalie Chateauvert, Thérèse Grenier, Jean-François Bellemare, Simon Bordeleau, Christine Ouin, Benoît Duhaime, Ann Laberge, Philippe Lachance, Mélanie Constantin, Estel Deblois, Maude Dionne, Lise Lavoie, Isabelle Michel, Alexane Pépin, Sanine Poulin, Sarah Anctil, Amélie Chouinard, Louis-Étienne Marchand, Robin Roy, Roigo Cartin-Ceba, Richard Oeckler, Brenda Anderson, Lavonne Liedl, Laurie Meade, Sueanne Weist, Anna Bartoo, Debbie Bauer, Vince Brickley, Shaun Bridges, Greg Brunn, Jennifer Eickstaedt, Jill Randolph, Sandy Showalter, Melissa Wendling, Robert Taylor, Margaret Cytron, Kim Fowler, Katie Krause, Jackie O’Brien, Marianne Tow, Kaitlin Stassi, Abdulaziz Al-Dawood, Haytham Tlayjeh, Alaaeldien Ghanem, Ahmad Hassanien, Mohamed Hegazy, Ashraf El Sharkawi, Felwa Bin Humaid, Hala Alanizi, Nadyah Alanizy, Njoud Al Bogami, Mohammed Muhaidib, Jawaher Gramish, Randa Alsomali, Nora Devera, and Marjane Villafranca

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Critical Illness, statistics & research methods, lcsh:Medicine, infectious diseases, preventive medicine, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Indirect costs, Health Economics, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Informed consent, medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, adult intensive & critical care, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Preventive healthcare, Health economics, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, business.industry, Probiotics, microbiology, lcsh:R, Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, Trachea, Intensive Care Units, Pneumonia, Research Design, Economic evaluation, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

IntroductionVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated infection in the intensive care unit (ICU). Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that may confer health benefits when ingested. Prior randomised trials suggest that probiotics may prevent infections such as VAP and Clostridioides difficile–associated diarrhoea (CDAD). PROSPECT (Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial) is a multicentre, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with usual care versus usual care without probiotics in preventing VAP and other clinically important outcomes in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU.Methods and analysisThe objective of E-PROSPECT is to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness of L. rhamnosus GG plus usual care versus usual care without probiotics in critically ill patients. E-PROSPECT will be performed from the public healthcare payer’s perspective over a time horizon from ICU admission to hospital discharge.We will determine probabilities of in-ICU and in-hospital events from all patients alongside PROSPECT. We will retrieve unit costs for each resource use item using jurisdiction-specific public databases, supplemented by individual site unit costs if such databases are unavailable. Direct costs will include medications, personnel costs, radiology/laboratory testing, operative/non-operative procedures and per-day hospital ‘hoteling’ costs not otherwise encompassed. The primary outcome is the incremental cost per VAP prevented between the two treatment groups. Other clinical events such as CDAD, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and in-hospital mortality will be included as secondary outcomes. We will perform pre-specified subgroup analyses (medical/surgical/trauma; age; frailty status; antibiotic use; prevalent vs no prevalent pneumonia) and probabilistic sensitivity analyses for VAP, then generate confidence intervals using the non-parametric bootstrapping approach.Ethics and disseminationStudy approval for E-PROSPECT was granted by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board of McMaster University on 29 July 2019. Informed consent was obtained from the patient or substitute decision-maker in PROSPECT. The findings of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT01782755; Pre-results.

Published
2020
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6. Predictive value of automated oxygen saturation analysis for the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in a home-based setting

Author

Vincent Jobin, Pierre Mayer, and François Bellemare

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Adult patients, Home environment, business.industry, Respiratory disease, medicine.disease, Predictive value, Home based, Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Sleep apnea syndromes, Predictive value of tests, Emergency medicine, Ambulatory, medicine, Physical therapy, business
Abstract

Background: A portable monitor for the automated analysis of episodic nocturnal oxygen saturation or Spo 2 (the Remmers Sleep Recorder, RSR) has been proposed for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea (OSAH). A study was undertaken to compare the diagnostic performance of automated analysis with the manual scoring of polygraphic data by a more comprehensive respiratory monitor (the Suzanne recorder) used simultaneously in their intended home environment. Methods: The respiratory disturbance indexes of the two monitors were compared in 94 consecutive adult patients suspected of having OSAH and who were deemed eligible for home-based investigation. Results: The RSR overestimated the number of respiratory events associated with a ⩾4% fall in Spo 2 by 13% (p 2 or autonomic arousals by 38–48% (p Conclusion: The automated analysis of Spo 2 with the RSR cannot be substituted for the manual scoring of polygraphic data with the more comprehensive respiratory monitor in the diagnosis of OSAH in an ambulatory home-based setting.

Published
2007
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7. Sex Differences in Thoracic Dimensions and Configuration

Author

Jacques Couture, François Bellemare, and Alphonse Jeanneret

Subjects
Adult, Male, musculoskeletal diseases, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Thorax, Radiography, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Sex Factors, Pregnancy, Reference Values, medicine, Humans, Lung volumes, Aged, Rib cage, Adult female, business.industry, Total Lung Capacity, Anatomy, Middle Aged, musculoskeletal system, Respiratory Muscles, Respiratory Function Tests, Diaphragm (structural system), medicine.anatomical_structure, Breathing, Abdomen, Female, Radiography, Thoracic, business
Abstract

The volume of adult female lungs is typically 10-12% smaller than that of males who have the same height and age. In this study, we investigated how this volume difference is distributed between the rib cage and the diaphragm abdomen compartments. Internal rib cage dimensions, diaphragm position relative to spine, and diaphragm length were compared in 21 normal male and 19 normal female subjects at three different lung volumes using anterior-posterior and lateral chest radiographs. At all lung volumes examined, females had smaller radial rib cage dimensions in relationship to height than males, a greater inclination of ribs, a comparable diaphragm dome position relative to the spine, and a shorter diaphragm length. Female subjects exhibited a greater inspiratory rib cage muscle contribution during resting breathing than males, presumably reflecting an improved mechanical advantage conferred to these muscles by the greater inclination of ribs. Because of a greater inclination of ribs, female rib cages could accommodate a greater volume expansion. The results suggest a disproportionate growth of the rib cage in females relative to the lung, which would be well suited to accommodate large abdominal volume displacements as in pregnancy.

Published
2003
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8. Abstracts

Author

Cristina Hurtado, John Bradley, Andrew R. Burns, Keyvan Karkouti, Rob Anderson, Simon D. Abrahamson, C. David Mazer, O. R. Hung, L. Comeau, Joseph A. Fisher, Janet Tessler, Joshua Rucker, Alix Mathicu, Sara Murray-Foster, Chou Tz-Chong, Li Chi-Yuan, Takako Tsuda, Akihiko Tabuchi, Hiroshi Sasano, Masanobu Kiriyama, Akinori Okada, Junichiro Hayano, Akinori Takeuchi, Hirotada Katsuya, Claude P. Tousignant, Elizabeth Ling, Ramiro Arellano, N. Dowd, J. Karski, D. Cheng, J. Carroll-Munro, D. K. Rose, C. O. Mazer, M. M. Cohen, D. Wigglesworth, William P. S. McKay, Robert J. Teskey, Julio Militzer, Guy Kember, Travis Blanchet, Peter H. Gregson, Steven R. Howells, James A. Robblee, Terrance W. Breen, Laura Dierenfield, Tacie McNeil, Donna J. Nicholson, Stephen E. Kowalski, G. Andrew Hamilton, Michael P. Meyers, Carl Serrette, Peter C. Duke, Ingrid Custeau, Rend Martin, Sonia Larabée, Martine Pirlet, Madeleine Pilote, Jean-Pierre Tetrault, Ban C. H. Tsui, Sunil Gupta, Brendan Finucane, Mitchell J. Weisbrod, Vincent W. S. Chan, Z. Kaszas, C. Dragomir, M. R. Cohen, M. Gandhi, A. S. Clanachan, B. A. Finegan, Lisa Isaac, William M. Splinter, L. A. Hall, H. M. Gould, E. J. Rhine, Lyne Bergeron, Michel Girard, Pierre Drolet, Hong Hanh Le Truong, Carl Boucher, Daniel Vézina, Martin R. Lessard, Marie Gourdeau, Claude A. Trépanier, Theresa Yang, Alison Macarthur, P. Chouinard, F. Fugère, M. Ruel, Pekka Tarkkila, Marja Silvasti, Marjatta Tuominen, Nils Svartling, Per H. Rosenberg, David M. Bond, John F. Rudan, Michael A. Adams, Brian K. Tsang, Wanda Keahey, Lucia Gagliese, Marla Jackson, Paul Ritvo, Adarose Wowk, Alan N. Sandler, Joel Katz, J. G. Laffey, J. F. Boylan, Neal H. Badner, Wendy E. Komar, R. A. Cherry, S. M. Spadafora, R. J. Butler, Fiona McHardy, Joanne Fortier, Frances Chung, Scott Marshall, Ananthan Krishnathas, Jean Wong, Ewan Ritchie, Andrew Meikle, Nicole Avery, Janet van Vlymen, Joel L. Parlow, David Sinclair, Gabor Mezei, Fengling Jin, Andrew Norris, Tharini Ganeshram, Bernard A. MacLeod, Aliréza Azmudéh, Luigi G. Franciosi, Craig R. Ries, Stephan K. W. Schwarz, William PS McKay, Benjamin W. S. McKay, Pascal Meuret, Vincent Bonhomme, Gilles Plourde, Pierre Fiset, Stevens B. Backman, Alex Vesely, Leeor Sommer, Joel Greenwald, Elana Lavine, Steve Iscoe, George Volgyesi, Ludwik Fedorko, Joseph Fisher, Emilio B. Lobato, Cheri A. Sulek, Laurie K. Davies, Peter F. Gearen, François Bellemare, François Donati, Jacques Couture, Hwan S. Joo, Sunil Kapoor, Shahriar Shayan, Kenneth M. LeDez, Jim Au, John H. Tucker, Edwin B. Redmond, V. Gadag, Catherine Penney, Gregory M. T. Hare, Timothy D. G. Lee, Gregory M. Hirsch, Fan Yang, Eric Troncy, Gilbert Blaise, Yoshiyuki Naito, Shoji Arisawa, Masahiro Ide, Susumu Nakano, Kazuo Yamazaki, Takae Kawamura, Noriko Nara, Reiji Wakusawa, Katsuya Inada, Robert J. Hudson, Karanbir Singh, Gary A. Harding, Blair T. Henderson, Ian R. Thomson, Christopher G. Wherrett, Donald R. Miller, Alan A. Giachino, Michelle A. Turek, Kelly Rody, H. Vaghadia, V. Chan, S. Ganapathy, A. Lui, J. McKenna, K. Zimmer, William D. Regan, Ross G. Davidson, Krista Nevin, Sergio Escobedo, E. Mitmaker, M. J. Tessler, K. Kardash, S. J. Kleiman, M. Rossignol, L. Kahn, F. Baxter, A. Dauphin, C. Goldsmith, P. Jackson, J. McChesney, J. Miller, L. Takeuchi, E. Young, Kristine Klubien, Edith Bandi, Franco Carli, Kathleen Dattilo, Doris Tong, Mohit Bhandari, Louise Mazza, Linda Wykes, L. Z. Sommer, J. Rucker, A. Veseley, E. Levene, Y. Greenwald, G. Volgyesi, L. Fedorko, S. Iscoe, J. A. Fisher, Guo-Feng Tian, Andrew J. Baker, F. X. Reinders, A. J. Baker, R. J. Moulton, J. I. M. Brown, L. Schlichter, Laurence Van Tulder, Stéphane Carignan, Julie Prénovault, Jean-Paul Collet, Stan Shapiro, Jean-Gilles Guimond, Louis Blait, Thierry Ducruet, Martin Francœur, Marc Charbonneau, Guy Cousineau, Daniel R. Wong, Michele McCall, Fergus Walsh, Regina Kurian, Mary Keith, Michael J. Sole, Kursheed N. Jeejeebhoy, E. Whitten, P. H. Norman, J. A. Aucar, L. A. Coveler, Rodney M. Solgonick, Y. Bastien, Bruce Mazer, Koji Lihara, Beverley A. Orser, Michael Tymianski, Brendan T. Finucane, Nuzhat Zaman, Ibrahim Kashkari, Soheir Tawfik, Yun K. Tarn, Peter D. Slinger, Karen McRae, Timothy Winton, Alan N. Sandier, J. E. Zamora, Mary Jane Salpeter, Donglin Bai, John F. MacDonald, Kelly Mayson, Ed Gofton, Keith Chambers, Susan E. Belo, J. Colin Kay, Sean R. R. Hall, Louie Wang, Brian Milne, Chris Loomis, Zhi He, Wichai Wougchanapai, Ing K. Ho, John H. Eichhorn, Tangeng Ma, Wichai Wongchanapai, John H. Eicnhorn, Damian B. Murphy, M. B. Murphy, Steven B. Backman, Reuben D. Stein, Brian Collier, Canio Polosa, Chi-Yuan Li, Tz-Chong Chou, Jia-Yi Wang, John Fuller, Ronald Butler, Salvatore Spadafora, Neil Donen, Laurence Brownell, Sandy Shysh, Keith Carter, Chris Eagle, Isabella Devito, Stephen Halpern, J. Hugh Devitt, Doreen A. Yee, John L. deLacy, Donald C. Oxorn, Gary F. Morris, Raymond W. Yip, M. G. Gregoret-Quinn, R. F. Seal, LJ. Smith, A. B. Jones, C. Tang, B. J. Gallant, L. A. Nadwidny, Gerald V. Goresky, Tara Cowtan, Hilary S. Bridge, Carolyne J. Montgomery, Ross A. Kennedy, Pamela M. Merrick, M. Yamashita, K. Wada, Sylvie LeMay, Jean-François Hardy, Pamela Morgan, Steven Halpern, Jana Evers, P. Ronaldson, F. Dexter, Desmond Writer, Holly Muir, Romesh Shukla, Rob Nunn, John Scovil, Jeremy Pridham, Ola Rosaeg, Allan Sandier, Patricia Morley-Foster, Simon Lucy, Lesley-Ann Crone, Karen Zimmer, Deborah J. Wilson, Robert Heid, M. Joanne Douglas, Dan W. Rurak, Anna Fabrizi, Chantal T. Crochetière, Louise Roy, Edith Villeneuve, Louise Lortie, Sandra Katsiris, Barbara Leighton, Donna Wilson, Jean Kronberg, Leszek Swica, Janet Midgley, Robert Nunn, Bruce Smith, Michael E. Rooney, David C. Campbell, Celina M. Riben, Ray W. Yip, Jo MacDonell, and Tracey Levine

Subjects
Sevoflurane, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Morphine, Total Knee Arthroplasty, Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure, Ropivacaine, General Medicine, Article
Published
1998

9. Abstracts

Author

Brian P. Kavanagh, Cuong Ngo, Karen Raymer, Homer Yang, Jamal A. Alhashemi, Anne C. P. Lui, Dennis Reid, Nicholas Cicutti, Barbra Krepski, Gordon Wood, Daren K. Heyland, Neal H. Badner, John M. Murkin, Jim Mohr, F. Neil McKenzie, Peter J. A. van der Starre, W. T. van Rooyen-Butijn, Kristine Wilson-Yang, Kevin Teoh, R. M. K. W. Lee, Imtiaz Hossain, Davy Cheng, Jacek Karski, Buvanendran Asokumar, Alan Sandier, Marc A. St-Amand, Alan H. Menkis, Donal B. Downey, William Nantau, Sandy Adams, Noreen Dowd, David Wong, Jo Carroll-Munro, Clare Trachuk, N. Cregg, D. C. H. Cheng, W. G. Williams, J. M. Karski, S. Siu, G. Webb, Davy C. H. Cheng, David T. Wong, Rafal Kustra, Robert J. Tibshirani, Dany L. Côté, David E. Lacey, Kenneth M. LeDez, Julia A. Smith, Edward T. Crosby, Fredrick K. Orkin, A. Fisher, G. Volgyesi, J. Silverman, S. Edelstein, J. Rucker, L. Sommer, S. Dunington, L. Roy, C. Crochetière, M. -Y. Arsenault, E. Villeneuve, L. Lortie, Caroline S. Grange, M. Joanne Douglas, Timothy J. Adams, Pamela M. Merrick, S. Brian Lucas, Pamela J. Morgan, Stephen Halpern, Jason Lo, Carolyn L. Giesinger, Stephen H. Halpern, Terrance W. Breen, Srigowri Vishnubala, Geeta R. Shetty, M. De Kock, A. Lagmiche, J. L. Scholtes, Wlodzimierz Grodecki, Peter J. Duffy, Kathryn A. Hull, Geoffrey S. Hawboldt, Alexander J. Clark, J. Bruce Smith, Richard W. Norman, W. Scott Beattie, A. Sandier, M. Jewett, L. Valiquette, J. Katz, Y. Fradet, D. Redelmeier, H. Sampson, Jeff Cole, Todd Chedore, Walter Snedden, Robert G. Green, Mitchel B. Sosis, Philip I. Robles, Edward R. Lazar, Donald T. Jolly, Yun K. Tarn, Soheir R. Tawfik, Alexander S. Clanachan, Avaleigh Milne, Travis Beamish, D. J. Cuillerier, M. D. Sharpe, J. K. Lee, M. Basta, A. D. Krahn, G. J. Klein, R. Yee, Narendra Vakharia, Heather Francis, Louis Scheepers, Himat Vaghadia, Joanne Carrier, René Martin, Marline Pirlet, Yves Claprood, Jean-Pierre Tétrault, T. D. Wong, L. Ryner, P. Kozlowski, G. Scarth, R. K. Warrian, G. Lefevre, D. Thiessen, L. Girling, L. Doiron, C. McCudden, J. Saunders, W. A. C. Mutch, Stéphan Langevin, Martin R. Lessard, Claude A. Trépanier, Gregory M. T. Hare, Johnson C. S. Ngan, Dan Viskari, A. Berrill, Christian Jodoin, Jacques Couture, François Bellemare, Stephen Farmer, Holly Muir, Phyllis Money, Brian Milne, Joel Parlow, Jennifer Raymond, Julie M. Williams, Rosemary A. Craen, Teresa Novick, Wendy Komar, Luc Frenette, Jerry Cox, B. Lockhart, P. McArdle, D. Eckhoff, S. Bynon, Wojciech B. Dobkowski, David R. Grant, William J. Wall, Edgar G. Chedrawy, Richard I. Hall, Vivian Nedelcu, Jean-Paul Viale, Gérard Bégou, Pierre Sagnard, Richard Hughson, Luc Quintin, Éric Troncy, Jean-Paul Collet, Stan Shapiro, Jean-Gilles Guimond, Louis Blair, Thiérry Ducruet, Martin Francœur, Marc Charbonneau, Gilbert Blaise, W. Snedden, E. Bernadska, H. I. Manson, Juditli L. Kutt, Beruie Y. Mezon, Osamu Nishida, Ramiro Arellano, Patty Boylen, Wilfred DeMajo, David P. Archer, Sheldon H. Roth, Sitaram Raman, Pirjo Manninen, Kevin Boyle, Aleksa Cenic, Ting-Yim Lee, Adrian W. Gelb, F. X. Reinders, J. I. M. Brown, A. J. Baker, R. J. Moulton, L. Schlichtert, Stephan K. W. Schwarz, Ernest Puil, Barry A. Finegan, Brendan T. Finucane, Matt M. Kurrek, J. Hugh Devitt, Doreen Cleave-Hogg, John Bradley, Robert Byrick, Salvatore M. Spadafora, John G. Fuller, Mark H. Gelula, Kelly Mayson, Bruce Forster, R. J. Byrick, D. J. McKnight, M. Kurrek, M. Kolton, D. Cleave-Hogg, J. Haughton, S. Halpern, J. Kronberg, Sandy Shysh, Chris Eagle, A. Joel Dagnone, Joel L. Parlow, G. Blaise, F. Yang, H. Nguyen, E. Troncy, G. Czaika, Ireneusz Wachowski, Hervé Deladrière, Chantal Cambier, Philippe Pendeville, O. R. Hung, E. Coonan, S. C. Whynot, M. Mezei, Anthony M. -H. Ho, Ingrid S. Luchsinger, Elizabeth Ling, Doreen Mashava, Herbert M. Chinyanga, Marsha M. Cohen, Melissa Shaw, J. A. Robblee, R. S. Labow, F. D. Rubens, A. M. Diemunsch, R. Gervais, D. K. Rose, M. M. Cohen, L. O’Brien-Pallas, C. Copplestone, K. Karkouti, K. Sykora, Shirley L. W. Cheung, Peter D. Booker, Roger Franks, Marco Pozzi, Beverley Guard, Nancy Sikich, Jerrold Lerman, Mark Levine, Hilton Swan, Peter Cox, Carolyne Montgomery, Gillian Dunn, Russell Bourne, Anna Kinahan, James McCormack, Gillian S. Dunn, Eleanor J. Reimer, Peter Sanderson, Peter M. Sanderson, Carolyne J. Montgomery, Terri A. Betts, Guy R. Orlay, David H. Wong, Marsha Cohen, A. A. Al-Kaisy, V. Chan, P. Peng, A. Perlas, A. Miniad, Edward V. Cushing, Keith R. Mills, Hossam El-Beheiry, Shokrollah S. Jahromi, John Weaver, Mary Morris, Peter L. Carien, Robert McTaggart Cowan, Jonathan Richards, Blair T. Henderson, Robert J. Hudson, Ian R. Thomson, Michael Moon, Mark D. Peterson, Morley Rosenbloom, Patrick J. Davison, Mohamed Ali, Naheed S. Ali, Norman R. Searle, Ian Thomson, Micheline Roy, Line Gagnon, A. Lye, F. Walsh, W. Middleton, D. Wong, A. Langer, L. Errett, C. D. Mazer, Karin M. Williamson, Graham Smith, Kandiah P. Gnanendran, S. J. Bignell, S. Jones, J. Sleigh, M. Arnell, Jan-Ake I. Schultz, David W. Fear, S. Ganapathy, C. Moote, R. Wassermann, J. Watson, K. Armstrong, Aznif Ozsolak Calikyan, Oya Yilmaz, Yildiz Kose, Philip Peng, Vincent Chan, Frances Chung, Andrew R. Claxton, Ananthan Krishnathas, Gabor Mezei, Terri L. Paul, Jacqueline A. Doyle, Mahesh Mehta, Luiz G. R. DeLima, Lucia E. O. Silva, Warren L. May, Roy J. Maliakkal, Richard Kolesar, Sara Rafuse, Mary Fletcher, Geoffrey Dunn, Michael Curran, Paul Bragg, Wayne Chamberlain, MaryLou Crossan, H. Sandhu, S. Spadafora, R. Mian, B. Evans, L. Hurst, and S. Katsiris

Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, General Medicine
Published
1997
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10. Effects of lung volume and fatigue on evoked diaphragmatic phonomyogram in normal subjects

Author

J. Couture, J Ripart, François Bellemare, and M Petitjean

Subjects
Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Analysis of Variance, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Diaphragm, Myography, Action Potentials, Diaphragmatic breathing, Electromyography, Diaphragm (structural system), Inspiratory Capacity, Contractility, Anesthesia, Muscle Fatigue, medicine, Respiratory muscle, Humans, Lung volumes, business, Research Article, Phrenic nerve
Abstract

BACKGROUND: A diaphragmatic phonomyogram (PMG) evoked by maximal phrenic nerve stimulation at end expiratory lung volume (FRC) has been previously described as a good index of changes in diaphragmatic contractility with fatigue. A study was undertaken to assess whether this conclusion could be extended to different lung volumes. METHODS: Diaphragmatic compound motor action potentials (CMAPs) were recorded on each side of the chest by the means of surface electrodes placed over the eight intercostal spaces in five healthy subjects. Diaphragmatic PMGs from both sides were recorded with condenser microphones fixed to the skin close to the CMAP recording electrodes. Oesophageal and gastric balloon tipped catheters were employed to measure transdiaphragmatic pressure twitches (TwPDI) which served as the standard measure of changes in diaphragmatic contractility. PMG and TwPDI responses were compared at different lung volumes over inspiratory capacity both before and after fatiguing inspiratory resistive loading. RESULTS: No consistent relationship was found in different subjects or on different days in the same subject between PMG and lung volume or between PMG and TwPDI. However, the PMG:CMAP ratio from both sides at any given lung volume decreased after fatigue in roughly the same proportion as the TwPDI. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that, although PMG can detect changes in diaphragmatic contractility caused by fatigue in normal subjects, lung volume changes need to be controlled and each subject should serve as his or her own control.

Published
1996
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11. Abstracts

Author

C. A. Botero, C. E. Smith, C. Holbrook, A. C. Pinchak, David Johnson, Dorothy Thomson, Taras Mycyk, M. Burbridge, Irvin Mayers, nR. W. M. Wahba, F. Belque, S. J. Kleiman, Steven Parker, Peter Cox, Helen Holtby, Lawrence Roy, Marc A. St-Amand, John M. Murkin, Donna Baird, Donal B. Downey, Alan H. Menkis, Fan Yang, Éric Troncy, Martin Francœur, Marc Charbonneau, Patrick Vinay, Gilbert Blaise, William M. Splinter, David J. Roberts, Elliot J. Rhine, Helen B. MacNeill, Craig W. Reid, William PS McKay, Miklavs Erjavec, Benjamin W. S. McKay, Peter H. Gregson, Travis Blanchet, Guy Kember, Josée Lavoie, Daniel Vischoff, Louise Cyrenne, Edith Villeneuve, Pierre Williot, A. K. Raghupathy, R. Haug, B. Punjabi, F. Ditzig, Howard Melnik, Michael J. Tessler, L. Jill Krasner, David M. Corda, Kal Solanki, A. Joseph Layon, T. James Gallagher, Daniel P. Stoltzfus, Shannon L. Rabuka, Carol A. Moote, Robert J. B. Chen, Doreen A. Yee, Ellen Harrington, Beverley A. Orser, D. Mitch Giffin, Kenneth W. Gow, P. Terry Phang, Keith R. Walley, C. Brian Warriner, Matthew H. Cohen, Andrew J. Klahsen, Deirdre O’Reilly, John McBride, Margaret Ballantyne, Blair D. Goranson, Scott Lang, William N. Dust, Jeff McKerrell, Guy Martin, René Martin, Daniel Martin, Philippe Valet, Jean-Pierre Tétrault, Caroline Dagenais, Martine Pirlet, Dominique Dansereau, Pedro D’Orléans-Justes, Agnès Jankowska, Yves Veillette, Angela L. Mathieson, Howard Intrater, Lionel Cruickshank, P. C. Duke, B. Y. Ong, Vincent Woo, Donna Schimnowski, Sharon Trosky, Linda Dalton, Ibrahim Zabani, Colin R. Chilvers, Himat Vaghadia, Pamela M. Merrick, Ibrahim Kashkari, Hossam Al-Oufi, D. Jolly, B. T. Finucane, Wolfgang Weyland, Ulrich Fritz, Heike Landmann, Ingrid Schumacher, Michael English, Dietrich Kettler, Catherine M. Duffy, Pirjo H. Manninen, Frances Chung, Shanthini Sundar, Emilio B. Lobato, Orlando Florete, Glenn B. Paige, Thierry Daloze, Daniel A. Chartrand, Denis St-Laurent, Gordon S. Fox, Murray L. Rice, D. John Doyle, George A. Volgyesi, Joseph A. Fisher, Arthur Slutsky, Igor Salazkin, Karen A. Brown, Pradeep Kulkarni, Bibiana Cujec, Randy McCuaig, Tom Hurst, David Antecol, François Bellemare, Jacques Couture, Manon Marchand, Peter McNeil, Orlando Hung, Lily M. Ho-Tai, J. Hugh Devitt, Alva G. Noel, Michael P. O’Donnell, Robert J. Greenhow, Frank W. Cervenko, Brian Milne, Mark D. Peterson, Ian R. Thomson, Robert J. Hudson, Morley Rosenbloom, Michael Moon, Jitender Sareen, H. Locke Bingham, Steven B. Backman, Reuben D. Stein, C. Polosa, Michael Tessler, Salvatore M. Spadafora, John G. Fuller, Lisa Kim, Keyvan Karkouti, D. Keith Rose, Lorraine E. Ferris, DK Rose, MM Cohen, F. E. Ralley, B. DeVarennes, M. Robitaille, Norman Searle, Raymond Martineau, Peter Conzen, A. Al-Hasani, Tom Ebert, Michael Muzi, Jean-François Hardy, Sylvain Bélisle, André Couturier, Danielle Robitaille, Micheline Roy, Lyne Gagnon, Elisabeth J. Avraamides, P. J. Dryden, J. P. O’Connor, W. R. E. Jamieson, I. Reid, D. Ansley, H. Sadeghi, L. H. Burr, A. I. Munro, P. M. Merrick, Mark Benaroia, Andrew Baker, C. David Mazer, Lee Errett, Luc Frenette, Jerry Cox, Donna Kerns, Steve Pearce, David Mark, Paul McDonagh, Lulz DeLlma, Howard Nathan, Jean-Yves Dupuls, J.Earl Wynands, G. C. Moudgil, J. G. Johnson, G. M. Moudgil, Richard I. Hall, Connie MacLaren, M. J. Ali, M. Ballantyne, D. Norris, Stephen D. Beed, Eugene A. Menard, Leon P. Noel, Gary G. Bonn, William Clarke, H. Marion Gould, Leslie E. Hall, Philippe Bernard, Juan Bass, Ramona A. Kearney, Cheryl A. Mack, Lucy M. Entwistle, Joan C. Bevan, Andrew J. Macnab, Guy Veall, Colin Marsland, Craig R. Ries, Shahnaz K. Hamid, Ian R. Selby, Nancy Sikich, Elizabeth Hsu, Patricia McCarthy, Ching-Yue Yang, Wun-Chin Wu, Jiunn-Jye Huang, Shyu-Yin Chen, Hsiang-Ning Luk, Chok-Yung Chai, Gina K. Lafreniere, Donald G. Brunet, Joel L. Parlow, Hossam El-Beheiry, Aviv Ouanounou, Mary Morris, Peter Carlen, Pamela J. Morgan, Roger Chapados, Marlene Gauthier, John W. D. Knox, Jacques LeLorier, Roddy Lin, Keith Rose, Bernadette Garvey, Robert McBrobm, L. C. McAdam, J. F. MacDonald, B. A. Orser, Georgios koutsoukos, Susan Belo, Christopher A. Chin, Brendan O’Hare, Jerrold Lerman, Junko Endo, Arthur E. Schwartz, Oktavijan Minanov, J. Gilbert Stone, David C. Adams, Aqeel A. Sandhu, Mark E. Pearson, William L. Young, Robert E. Michler, Ernest Cutz, Matt M. Kurrek, Marsha M. Cohen, Kevin Fish, Pamela Fish, Patricia Murphy, Donald Fung, Alva Noel, John-Paul Szalai, Ari Robicsek, Joshua Rucker, Joshua Kruger, Mark Slutsky, Leeor Sommer, Jeff Silverman, Jodi Dickstein, Viren Naik, Douglas J. Hemphill, Regina Kurian, Khursheed N. Jeejeebhoy, Osama A. Alahdal, N. H. Badner, W. E. Komar, R. Bhandari, R. Craen, D. Cuillerier, W. B. Dobkowski, M. H. Smith, A. N. Vannelli, R. B. Bourne, C. H. Rorabeck, J. A. Doyle, Antoinette Corvo, Richard M. Wahba, Nathalie Scheffer, John Y. C. Tsang, Brad A. Brush, N. Q. N’Guyen, C. Orain, S. Tougui, G. Lavenac, D. Milon, Ewan D. Ritchie, Doris Tong, Andrew Norris, Anthony Miniaci, Santhira D. Vairavanathan, Timothy FitzPatrick, Mark Stafford-Smith, Ken Kardash, Toula Trihas, Simcha J. Kleiman, Michel Rossignol, Dominique Bérard, Brent Martel, J. P. Tétrault, Peter G. Lunt, Dennis W. Coombs, Stephen Halpern, Elizabeth A. Peter, Patricia Janssen, Jill Mahy, M. Joanne Douglas, Caroline S. Grange, Timothy J. Adams, Louis Wadsworth, Holly Muir, Romesh Shukla, Desmond Writer, Richard McLaren, Robert Liston, Don Paetkau, Bill Y. Ong, Ron Segstro, Judy Littleford, Cristina Hurtado, Ananthan Krishnathas, Marcelo Lannes, Joanne Fortier, Jun Su, Rubini Jeganathan, and Suzanne Vaillancourt

Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, General Medicine
Published
1996
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12. Simulation hydrodynamique de l'estuaire supérieur du fleuve Saint-Laurent (Canada) avec un modèle aux éléments finis couvrant–découvrant

Author

Michel Leclerc, Serge Trussard, and Jean-François Bellemare

Subjects
Fish habitat, Forestry, Numerical models, Geology, General Environmental Science, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

On decrit les difficultes liees a l'obtention de donnees courantometriques mesurees dans un estuaire fluvio-maritime (fleuve Saint-Laurent, Canada). L'utilisation de la modelisation numerique est proposee comme une solution fiable et economique aux releves intensifs. Un modele hydrodynamique aux elements finis bidimensionnels prenant en compte la mobilite du littoral (couvrant-decouvrant) est brievement presente. Une application de ce modele au fleuve Saint-Laurent entre Lotbiniere et Sainte-Anne-de-la-Perade permet d'illustrer l'approche. Des resultats de calibration pour un evenement temoin viennent appuyer la valeur de l'outil. Enfin, des resultats courantometriques pour un evenement typique (maree et debit moyen) sont decrits et mettent en evidence le potentiel de la methode pour accroitre nos connaissances des estuaires fluvio-maritimes ou a tout le moins identifier des hypotheses de comportement susceptibles de contribuer au succes de campagnes de releves ou a I'interpretation des phenomenes relies aux courants (transport de sediments, description des habitats fauniques, qualite de l'eau, etc.). Some problems are described in connection with the survey of currents in an estuary influenced both by tides and runoff (the upper estuary of the St. Lawrence River, Canada). The use of numerical modelling is proposed as a reliable and cheap alternative to intensive hydrographic field surveys. A two-dimensional finite element hydrodynamic model with moving boundaries (drying-wetting) is outlined. An application of this model to the St. Lawrence River between Lotbiniere and Sainte-Anne-de-la-PCrade is used as an illustration of the approach. The calibration method is first presented. Then, some results for a typical event (mean tide and river flow) are briefly described. Finally, emphasis is placed on the great potential of this approach to increase our knowledge (at least our insight) of estuarian systems as far as current-related phenomena are concerned (sediment transport, fish habitat, water quality, etc.).

Published
1990
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13. Reversibility of airflow obstruction by hypoglossus nerve stimulation in anesthetized rabbits

Author

Mohamad Sawan, Edgardo D'Angelo, Matteo Pecchiari, François Bellemare, and Monica Bandini

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Genioglossus, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Positive pressure, Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, Electric Stimulation, Diaphragm (structural system), Airway Obstruction, Inhalation, Anesthesia, medicine, Breathing, Animals, Continuous positive airway pressure, Rabbits, business, Hypopnea, Hypoglossal nerve, Tidal volume
Abstract

Anesthesia-induced uncoupling of upper airway dilating and inspiratory pump muscles activation may cause inspiratory flow limitation, thereby mimicking obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea.Determine whether inspiratory flow limitation occurs in spontaneously breathing anesthetized rabbits and whether this can be reversed by direct hypoglossal nerve stimulation and by the application of continuous positive airway pressure.Ten New Zealand White rabbits were anesthetized, instrumented, and studied supine while breathing spontaneously at ambient pressure or during the application of positive or negative airway pressure. Under each of these conditions, the effect of unilateral or bilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation was investigated.Inspiratory flow and tidal volume were measured together with esophageal pressure and the electromyographic activity of diaphragm, alae nasi, and genioglossus muscles.Anesthesia caused a marked increase in inspiratory resistance, snoring, and in eight rabbits, inspiratory flow limitation. Hypoglossus nerve stimulation was as effective as continuous positive airway pressure in reversing inspiratory flow limitation and snoring. Its effectiveness increased progressively as airway opening pressure was lowered, reached a maximum at -5 cm H2O, but declined markedly at lower pressures. With negative airway opening pressure, airway collapse eventually occurred during inspiration that could be prevented by hypoglossus nerve stimulation. The recruitment characteristics of hypoglossus nerve fibers was steep, and significant upper airway dilating effects already obtained with stimulus intensities 36 to 60% of maximum.This study supports hypoglossus nerve stimulation as a treatment option for obstructive sleep apnea.

Published
2005

14. Temporal relation between acoustic and force responses at the adductor pollicis during nondepolarizing neuromuscular block

Author

François Bellemare, Jacques Couture, Benoit Plaud, and François Donati

Subjects
Adult, Rocuronium Bromide, Time Factors, Electrical impedance myography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Muscles, Neuromuscular transmission, Myography, Electromyography, Middle Aged, Adductor pollicis muscle, Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia, Medicine, Humans, Androstanols, Rocuronium, business, Ulnar nerve, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Contracting muscle emits sounds. The purpose of this study was to compare the time course of muscular paralysis at the adductor pollicis muscle (AP) with use of acoustic myography and mechanomyography. Methods Thirteen elective surgery patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I, received rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg intravenously) as a bolus dose during general anesthesia. Force of AP was measured with use of a strain gauge, and sounds were recorded simultaneously with use of a small condenser microphone fixed on the palmar surface of the hand over the AP. Supramaximal stimulation was applied to the ulnar nerve at 0.1 Hz for 45-60 min. In seven patients, the response to train-of-four stimulation was also recorded during recovery. Results Force and sounds both were equally sensitive in measuring maximum block. The relation between sound and force was curvilinear, with good agreement near 0 and 100% and acoustic response exceeding mechanical response at intermediate levels of block. The acoustic signal had a slower onset and a faster recovery than the force response. The fade response of sound to train-of-four stimulation also recovered faster than that of force. Conclusion Acoustic myography is an alternative method to monitor muscular paralysis that is easy to set up and applicable to most superficial muscles. However, the time course of relaxation at AP using acoustic myography differs from the time course of force relaxation. Therefore, these two methods are not equivalent when applied to AP.

Published
2000

15. In normal subjects bracing impairs the function of the inspiratory muscles

Author

François Bellemare, J Couture, and E Prandi

Subjects
Adult, Male, musculoskeletal diseases, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Functional Residual Capacity, Diaphragm, Posture, Ribs, Inspiratory Capacity, Functional residual capacity, Internal medicine, Respiratory muscle, Humans, Medicine, Plethysmograph, Phrenic nerve, Diaphragm contraction, business.industry, Anatomy, equipment and supplies, musculoskeletal system, Bracing, Respiratory Function Tests, Diaphragm (structural system), Phrenic Nerve, Plethysmography, Respiratory Mechanics, Cardiology, Female, business, human activities, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

Normal subjects can increase their capacity to sustain hyperpnoea by bracing their arms on fixed objects, a procedure which is also known to reduce dyspnoea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the present study, it was tested whether bracing per se could improve the function of the diaphragm. The effect of bracing on diaphragm function was studied in six normal subjects by recording changes in oesophageal (delta Poes) and transdiaphragmatic (delta Pdi) pressure during inspiratory capacity (IC) manoeuvres in the seated and upright postures, and in the seated posture, also during bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation (BPNS) at functional residual capacity (FRC). The pattern of ribcage motion and deformation associated with bracing and with diaphragm contraction was also evaluated using inductance plethysmography and magnetometers. Bracing increased FRC by >300 mL and reduced IC by approximately 200 mL, in both postures. Delta Pdi during BPNS decreased on average by 15% indicating an impaired diaphragmatic function. The ribcage was deformed with bracing and was more distortable during BPNS. In conclusion, in normal subjects, bracing impairs the function of the inspiratory muscles and reduces ribcage stability. These negative effects cannot explain the improved capacity to sustain hyperpnoea when the arms are braced.

Published
1999
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