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Abstract Serosurveys to monitor immunity toward COVID-19 in the population are primarily performed using an ELISA to screen samples for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, followed by confirmation by a virus neutralization test, which is considered the Gold Standard. However, virus neutralization test may not be feasible for some laboratories because of the requirement for specific facilities and trained personnel. In an attempt to address this limitation, we evaluated three cell-free methods as potential alternatives for assessing SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in human population from plasma. We report the establishment of two inhibition ELISAs designed to detect anti-Spike RBD IgG antibodies and a microsphere quantitative suspension array technology assay, based on the Luminex xMAP platform, to measure the presence of antibodies against various SARS-CoV-2 antigens, including anti-RBD. These methods were also compared to a commercial chemiluminescent immunoassay designed for anti-RBD antibodies detection and to the combined ELISA + virus neutralization test strategy. These cell-free assays performed equally to estimate the percentage of positive and negative samples and could be used to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human population, at least in cohort with high-expected prevalence, without the use of seroneutralization assay.

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre o adoecimento psíquico do sujeito no contexto do neoliberalismo, que consiste em força estruturante (Bourdieu) que age sobre a sua subjetividade, desenhando-a a partir de uma lógica empresarial, pautada pela máxima produtividade, racionalidade cartesiana e desvalorização dos afetos, de que resulta o adoecimento mental e sofrimento psíquico desse sujeito. Para tanto, apresenta-se uma experiência com a leitura literária desenvolvida coletivamente por meio do Laboratório de Leitura como proposta de intervenção desmobilizadora dessas estruturas estruturantes.

Este artigo pretende apresentar e discutir um percurso metodológico, a entrevista-ensaio fotográfico, que propõe uma aproximação entre arte, educação e pesquisa, inserido em uma pesquisa em andamento, cujo escopo é o uso da fotografia contemplativa na formação no ensino superior em saúde. Esta se apresenta como ação em uma universidade pública, na forma de disciplina oferecida a graduandos e pós-graduandos. Partindo da História Oral de Vida em composição com um ensaio fotográfico, pretende-se clarificar a relevância da metodologia escolhida para o campo da educação e para pesquisas qualitativas, discutindo como este processo, também chamado de contar-criar, que envolve exercícios de sensibilidade e atenção, contribui para uma formação em saúde mais humanizada e para o auto cuidado dos participantes. Acreditamos que esta proposta, unindo entrevista e fotografia, em uma profunda conexão entre pesquisador e colaborador, ao colocar “alma, olho e mão” para trabalhar na mesma criação, potencializa a capacidade narrativa, abrindo, assim, uma grande janela para a experiência humana.

To determine a demographic overview of orthopoxvirus seroprevalence, we tested blood samples collected during 2003–2019 from France (n = 4,876), Bolivia (n = 601), Laos (n = 657), and Mali (n = 255) for neutralizing antibodies against vaccinia virus. In addition, we tested 4,448 of the 4,876 samples from France for neutralizing antibodies against cowpox virus. We confirmed extensive cross-immunity between the 2 viruses. Seroprevalence of antibodies was

Summary: We conducted a cross-sectional study for SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 IgG prevalence in French blood donors (n = 32605), from March-2020 to January-2021. A mathematical model combined seroprevalence with a daily number of hospital admissions to estimate the probability of hospitalization upon infection and determine the number of infections while correcting for antibody decay. There was an overall seroprevalence increase over the study period and we estimate that ∼15% of the French population had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 by January-2021. The infection/hospitalization ratio increased with age, from 0.31% (18-30yo) to 4.5% (61-70yo). Half of the IgG-S1 positive individuals had no detectable antibodies 4 to 5 months after infection. The seroprevalence in group O donors (7.43%) was lower (p = 0.003) than in A, B, and AB donors (8.90%). We conclude, based on seroprevalence data and mathematical modeling, that a large proportion of the French population was unprotected against severe disease prior to the vaccination campaign.

Summary: Background: COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) contains neutralising anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies that may be useful as COVID-19 passive immunotherapy in patients at risk of developing severe disease. Such plasma from convalescent patients may also have additional immune-modulatory properties when transfused to COVID-19 patients. Methods: CCP (n = 766) was compared to non-convalescent control plasma (n = 166) for soluble inflammatory markers, ex-vivo inflammatory bioactivity on endothelial cells, neutralising auto-Abs to type I IFNs and reported adverse events in the recipients. Findings: CCP exhibited a statistically significant increase in IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels (0.531 ± 0.04 vs 0.271 ± 0.04; (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.07371–0.4446; p = 0.0061) and 0.900 ± 0.07 vs 0.283 ± 0.07 pg/mL; (95% [CI], 0.3097–0.9202; p = 0.0000829) and lower IL-10 (0.731 ± 0.07 vs 1.22 ± 0.19 pg/mL; (95% [CI], −0.8180 to −0.1633; p = 0.0034) levels than control plasma. Neutralising auto-Abs against type I IFNs were detected in 14/766 (1.8%) CCPs and were not associated with reported adverse events when transfused. Inflammatory markers and bioactivity in CCP with or without auto-Abs, or in CCP whether or not linked to adverse events in transfused patients, did not differ to a statistically significant extent. Interpretation: Overall, CCP exhibited moderately increased inflammatory markers compared to the control plasma with no discernible differences in ex-vivo bioactivity. Auto-Abs to type I IFNs detected in a small fraction of CCP were not associated with reported adverse events or differences in inflammatory markers. Additional studies, including careful clinical evaluation of patients treated with CCP, are required in order to further define the clinical relevance of these findings. Funding: French National Blood Service—EFS, the Association “Les Amis de Rémi” Savigneux, France, the “Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (Medical Research Foundation)–REACTing 2020”.

Diseases caused by arboviruses are on the increase worldwide. In addition to arthropod bites, most arboviruses can be transmitted via accessory routes. Products of human origin (labile blood products, solid organs, hematopoietic stem cells, tissues) present a risk of contamination for the recipient if the donation is made when the donor is viremic. Mainland France and its overseas territories are exposed to a complex array of imported and endemic arboviruses, which differ according to their respective location. This narrative review describes the risks of acquiring certain arboviral diseases from human products, mainly solid organs and hematopoietic stem cells, in the French context. The main risks considered in this study are infections by West Nile virus, dengue virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus. The ancillary risks represented by Usutu virus infection, chikungunya, and Zika are also addressed more briefly. For each disease, the guidelines issued by the French High Council of Public Health, which is responsible for mitigating the risks associated with products of human origin and for supporting public health policy decisions, are briefly outlined. This review highlights the need for a “One Health” approach and to standardize recommendations at the international level in areas with the same viral epidemiology.

BackgroundZika virus (ZIKV) has spread rapidly in the Pacific and throughout the Americas and is associated with severe congenital and adult neurologic outcomes. Nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) assays were developed for diagnostic applications and for blood donor screening on high-throughput NAT systems. We distributed blinded panels to compare the analytical performance of blood screening relative to diagnostic NAT assays.Study design and methodsA 25-member, coded panel (11 half-log dilutions of a 2013 French Polynesia ZIKV isolate and 2015 Brazilian donor plasma implicated in transfusion transmission, and 3 negative controls) was sent to 11 laboratories that performed 17 assays with 2 to 12 replicates per panel member. Results were analyzed for the percentage reactivity at each dilution and by probit analysis to estimate the 50% and 95% limits of detection (LOD50 and LOD95 , respectively).ResultsDonor-screening NAT assays that process approximately 500 µL of plasma into amplification reactions were comparable in sensitivity (LOD50 and LOD95 , 2.5 and 15-18 copies/mL) and were approximately 10-fold to 100-fold more sensitive than research laboratory-developed and diagnostic reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction tests that process from 10 to 30 µL of plasma per amplification. Increasing sample input volume assayed with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays increased the LODs by 10-fold to 30-fold.ConclusionsBlood donor-screening ZIKV NAT assays demonstrate similar excellent sensitivities to assays currently used for screening for transfusion-transmitted viruses and are substantially more sensitive than most other laboratory-developed and diagnostic ZIKV reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays. Enhancing sensitivities of laboratory-developed and diagnostic assays may be achievable by increasing sample input.

Hepatitis E has emerged as a major transfusion-transmitted infectious risk. Two recipients of plasma from 2 lots (A and B) of pooled solvent/detergent–treated plasma were found to be infected by hepatitis E virus (HEV) that was determined to have been transmitted by the solvent/detergent–treated plasma. HEV RNA viral loads were 433 IU in lot A and 55 IU in lot B. Retrospective studies found that 100% (13/13) of evaluable lot A recipients versus 18% (3/17) of evaluable lot B recipients had been infected by HEV (p50,000 IU were infected, most likely by the HEV-containing solvent/detergent–treated plasma, versus only 7% with a transfused HEV RNA load

The circulation of Zika virus (ZIKV) in Mali has not been clearly characterized. Therefore, we conducted a serologic survey of 793 asymptomatic volunteers >15 years of age (2016), and 637 blood donors (2013) to assess the seroprevalence of ZIKV infection in 2 ecoclimatic regions of Mali, tropical savannah and warm semiarid region, using ELISA and seroneutralization assays. The overall seroprevalence was ≈12% and increased with age, with no statistical difference between male and female participants. In the warm semiarid study sites we detected immunological markers of an outbreak that occurred in the late 1990s in 18% (95% CI 13%–23%) of participants. In tropical savannah sites, we estimated a low rate of endemic transmission, with 2.5% (95% CI 2.0%–3.1%) of population infected by ZIKV annually. These data demonstrate the circulation of ZIKV in Mali and provide evidence of a previously unidentified outbreak that occurred in the late 1990s.

Resumo: O Humanismo é parte da formação do médico para construir-se como um profissional capaz de entender e cuidar de seus pacientes. As humanidades e as artes são recursos educacionais para promover o humanismo nos futuros médicos. O cinema é particular mente útil para educar a afetividade do estudante. Educar as emoções requer estratégias inovadoras modernas que não ao encontro das necessidades do estudante. O processo vai além do ensino teórico de atitudes para, utilizando a cultura da emoção e da imagem na qual o estudante está imerso, promover a reflexão vital. A abordagem metodológica trabalha as emoções do estudante como ponto de partida para, através de grupos de reflexão, possibilitar a construção de conceitos na relação médico-paciente e criar o hábito da reflexão habitual que pode ser transportada para as atividades do cotidiano. O objetivo deste aprendizado é promover no futuro médico exercício da reflexão, base do compromisso vocacional profissional. A metodologia pode ser usada em vários cenários de educação médica, sempre que os professores tenham familiaridade e gosto pelas humanidades e priorizem o aprendizado centrado no aluno.

ABSTRACT As biotechnology innovations move from the bench to the bedside and, recently, also to the Internet, a myriad of emanating challenges and potentials may rise under distinct sociocultural and political economic contexts. Using a grounded-theory-inspired case study focused on the Brazilian research consortium for Medullary Endocrine Neoplasia type 2 (BrasMEN) – an inherited syndrome where genetic tests define cost-effective interventions – we outline facilitators and barriers to both development and implementation of a ‘public health genomics’ strategy under a developing country scenario. The study is based on participant observation at three centres and interviews with all who might hold an interest in MEN2 around Brazil. We discuss how a ‘solidarity’-based motivation for individual and collective ‘biocitizenship’ is driving people’s pre-emptive actions for accessing and making personalised healthcare available at Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS) via the ‘co-production’ of science, technology and the culture for precision medicine – termed Brazil’s ‘hidden’ biomedical innovation system. Given the establishment of BrasMEN as ‘solidarity networks’ – promoting and supporting the cancer precision medicine’s rationale – our data illustrates how a series of new bioethical challenges raise from such engagement with familial cancer genomics under Brazil’s developing country scenario and how this social/soft technology constitute a solution for Euro/North American societies.

Convalescent plasma therapy has been described as an attractive approach to treat critically ill patients with COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). The selection of convalescent plasma donors (CPD) is commonly based on neutralizing antibody titer. A better understanding of the quality of immune responses following COVID-19 will enable the optimization of convalescent donors' selection in convalescent plasma programs. The involvement of SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells in the induction and persistence of high affinity anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody is still poorly investigated. In this study, 115 CPD who presented SARS-CoV-2 and who were eligible for plasma donation were included. Comprehensive analysis of T cells together with humoral responses were performed in regards of sex, age and blood group type. High frequency of T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 related protein such as spike glycoprotein (80.0%), nucleocapsid (NCAP) (70.4%) and membrane protein (VME1) (74.8%) were detected in CPD by ex vivo IFN-γ and TNF-α ELISpot assays. Among CPD responders, most exhibited poly-specific T cell responses (75%) defined by the ability to mount responses against at least two SARS-CoV-2 antigens. We found a positive correlation between the magnitude and the poly-specificity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses in CPD. Notably, both the magnitude and poly-specificity of SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses were highly correlated with neutralizing antibody titer in CPD. The present study highlights that the poly-specificity and strength of SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses predicts neutralizing antibody titer following COVID-19. These observations show the interest to combine T cell assays and antibody titer for the selection of CPD and to a latter extend to assess COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in at-risk patients.

O hábito de cantar enquanto embala ou entretém uma criança está presente em diversas culturas. As canções de ninar com suas melodias suaves e ritmo lento envolvem a afetividade. Este artigo reflete especificamente sobre como a música ao vivo modifica a paisagem sonora em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal (UTIN) ao possibilitar a vivência do afeto e tornar as emoções audíveis, conforme apontado por Zuckerkandl (1973,1976). A base empírica para nossa análise advém de uma pesquisa concluída sobre o potencial de humanização a partir das intervenções musicais realizadas pelo Grupo Saracura em três hospitais da cidade de São Paulo, estudo que utilizou a metodologia de observação participante e entrevista de história oral com pacientes, suas mães e profissionais de saúde e músicos. O estudo incluiu análises de diários de campo e narrativas de entrevistados, realizadas na perspectiva da fenomenologia hermenêutica, que considerou a vivência dos sujeitos envolvidos. Os resultados mostraram que a música, além de tornar o ambiente mais alegre, sereno e confortável para todos, transformou as relações vividas nesse espaço e, consequentemente, tornou-se o ponto de partida para a ampliação da humanização na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Este artigo aprofunda essa reflexão reconhecendo que a presença da música na unidade de terapia intensiva é um meio significativo para gerar vínculos, principalmente quando o tratamento exige que o bebê permaneça na incubadora, fisicamente longe da mãe. A música, ao possibilitar a vivência do afeto, contribui para aumentar a afetividade entre mãe e filho, pacientes e profissionais de saúde, de forma que se tornem potências da vitalidade humana.

RESUMO Este estudo nasceu da observação do considerável aumento das práticas integrativas em saúde e sua inserção no Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil por meio da Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PNPIC) de 2006. Surge, então, o questionamento dos motivos que levaram a esse aumento. O presente estudo analisou os porquês da busca de médicos recém-formados pela especialização em acupuntura na Universidade Federal de São Paulo, programa de residência médica recente na profissão. Os autores optaram pela metodologia da História Oral de Vida, tendo em vista seu potencial humanizador ao lidar com relatos de colegas e ainda pela rememoração do que foi vivido pelo entrevistado. A análise dos dados foi feita segundo o método de imersão e cristalização, baseado na fenomenologia hermenêutica, por meio do qual surgiram temáticas comuns nas narrativas dos entrevistados, as quais puderam ser analisadas com apoio na literatura vigente. Com base nas narrativas colhidas e analisadas, observou-se que um grande influenciador dos médicos na escolha da acupuntura é o descontentamento com a prática do modelo biomédico, que separa o paciente de sua totalidade, compartimentando o ser em múltiplas especialidades, o que transforma o paciente em pedaços sem avaliar sua existência como pessoa e sua saúde como um todo. Todos os narradores afirmaram considerar a acupuntura uma prática mais humana de fazer saúde, o que satisfaz o anseio de tratar o paciente, não apenas suas partes ou seus sintomas isolados, sendo esse fator fundamental para compreendermos o crescimento dessas práticas. Uma análise mais profunda das narrativas permitiu observar que na história de vida desses jovens médicos existem vivências que possibilitaram que eles estivessem dispostos a desenvolver sua humanidade de forma mais intensa. Outra característica notória que surgiu nas narrativas foi o fato de nenhum dos entrevistados ter tido contato com a acupuntura durante a graduação em Medicina, o que demonstra a incipiente inserção dessa prática no meio acadêmico, mesmo em se tratando de uma especialidade médica reconhecida pelo Conselho Federal de Medicina desde a década de 1990.

This paper describes Project NExT (New Experiences in Teaching), a professional development program for new or recent Ph.D.s in the mathematical sciences. The program consists of workshops and short courses on teaching, establishing a research program, involving undergraduates in research, grant writing, and balancing teaching and research. An introduction to the program and the testimonies of three Project NExT fellows writing about their experiences as new faculty members at research institutes are featured. (MM)

In this work, a time-gated immunoassay platform using low-energy excitable and fluorescence long-lived Mn:AgZnInS/ZnS nanocrystals as signal transducers was developed and applied to the detection of the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of Burkholderia pseudomallei, a Gram-negative bacterium that is the causative agent of melioidosis. CPS is a high molecular weight antigen displayed and is shed from the outer membrane of B. pseudomallei. The immunoassay using the time-gated platform presents a limit of detection at around 23 pg/ml when CPS is spiked in human serum.

Multispectral observations from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are currently used for precision agriculture and crop phenotyping applications to monitor a series of traits allowing the characterization of the vegetation status. However, the limited autonomy of UAVs makes the completion of flights difficult when sampling large areas. Increasing the throughput of data acquisition while not degrading the ground sample distance (GSD) is, therefore, a critical issue to be solved. We propose here a new image acquisition configuration based on the combination of two focal length (f) optics: an optics with f=4.2 mm is added to the standard f=8 mm (SS: single swath) of the multispectral camera (DS: double swath, double of the standard one). Two flights were completed consecutively in 2018 over a maize field using the AIRPHEN multispectral camera at 52 m altitude. The DS flight plan was designed to get 80% overlap with the 4.2 mm optics, while the SS one was designed to get 80% overlap with the 8 mm optics. As a result, the time required to cover the same area is halved for the DS as compared to the SS. The georeferencing accuracy was improved for the DS configuration, particularly for the Z dimension due to the larger view angles available with the small focal length optics. Application to plant height estimates demonstrates that the DS configuration provides similar results as the SS one. However, for both the DS and SS configurations, degrading the quality level used to generate the 3D point cloud significantly decreases the plant height estimates.

Abstract Here we propose a strategy allowing implementing efficient and practicable large-scale seroepidemiological studies for Zika Virus (ZIKV). It combines screening by a commercial NS1 protein-based Zika IgG ELISA, and confirmation by a cytopathic effect-based virus neutralization test (CPE-based VNT). In post-epidemic samples from Martinique Island blood donors (a population with a dengue seroprevalence above 90%), this strategy allowed reaching specificity and sensitivity values over 98%. The CPE-based VNT consists of recording CPE directly under the optical microscope, which is easy to identify with ZIKV strain H/PF/2013 at day 5 pi. Overall, considered that CPE-based VNT is cost effective and widely automatable, the NS1 protein-based Zika IgG ELISA+CPE-based VNT combination strategy represents a convenient tool to expedite ZIKV seroprevalence studies.

The rate of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E virus (HEV) in transplant recipients is unknown. We identified 60 HEV-positive solid organ transplant patients and retrospectively assessed their blood transfusions for HEV. Seven of 60 patients received transfusions; 3 received HEV-positive blood products. Transfusion is not the major route of infection in this population.

Para fazer jus à memória, à sua história de vida e às suas contribuições no processo de fundação da Terapia Ocupacional, neste artigo, a narrativa de Fernanda Leal de Carvalho Guerreiro será privilegiada por meio da apresentação de sua história oral de vida. Formada pela segunda turma do Curso oferecido pelo Instituto de Reabilitação da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, em dezembro de 1960, Fernanda foi docente responsável pela disciplina de Trabalhos Manuais no período de janeiro de 1960 a março de 1963. Como uma das pioneiras da profissão em São Paulo, implantou o Setor de Terapia Ocupacional do Pavilhão Fernandinho Simonsen da Santa Casa de Misericórdia, além de atuar no Centro de Reabilitação Sarah Kubtsheck em Brasília e outras cidades do mundo. Como desdobramento de sua entrevista e com o objetivo de incentivar a realização de novas pesquisas de cunho historiográfico, Fernanda doou sua narrativa e parte de seu acervo pessoal ao Centro de História e Filosofia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (CeHFi-UNIFESP), aos cuidados dos autores deste artigo. Tais gestos reforçam a importância de divulgação desta narrativa aos terapeutas ocupacionais.

A Zika virus seroepidemiology study was performed in 1084 blood donors collected from August to October 2015 in six sites of Cameroon representing a large panel of eco-environments. Samples were tested using an anti-NS1 IgG ELISA detection kit and positives were further confirmed by seroneutralization. The observed global seroprevalence was low (around 5%, peaking at 10% and 7.7% in Douala and Bertoua, respectively) with risk factors associated with seropositivity pointing to the existence of a local (peri-)sylvatic cycle of transmission. These results call attention to the potential introduction and subsequent spread in African urban areas of Asian genotype Zika virus currently circulating in the Americas and adapted to transmission by peri-domestic mosquitoes. They should leverage reinforced surveillance efforts in Africa. Keywords: Zika virus, Seroprevalence, Africa

Um enfoque predominantemente biomédico atribuído ao ensino e à prática das Ciências da Saúde contribui para o processo de desumanização, que representa uma das principais queixas dos usuários dos sistemas de saúde em nosso país. Qualquer estratégia para enfrentar a questão depende da presença de profissionais de saúde bem formados de um ponto de vista técnico e humanístico. As maiores deficiências concernem à formação humanística. Este artigo constitui um recorte de um estudo cujo objetivo foi investigar a efetividade da utilização de narrativas como recurso didático na formação humanística de estudantes de Medicina e Enfermagem. Entre os temas emergentes a partir de métodos qualitativos, destacou-se o currículo oculto, que permeou todos os demais e contra o qual os estudantes poderiam ser imunizados mediante a exposição a um modelo de ensino centrado no paciente e que prioriza a reflexão ética.

Zika virus (ZIKV), was widely reported in Latin America and has been associated with neuropathologies, as microcephaly, but only few seroprevalence studies have been published to date. Our objective was to determine the seroprevalence amongst Bolivian blood donors and estimate the future potential circulation of the virus.A ZIKV seroprevalence study was conducted between December 2016 and April 2017 in 814 asymptomatic Bolivian volunteer blood donors residing in various eco-environments corresponding to contrasting entomological activities. It was based on detection of IgG to ZIKV using NS1 ELISA screening, followed by a seroneutralisation test in case of positive or equivocal ELISA result.Analysis revealed that ZIKV circulation occurred in tropical areas (Beni: 39%; Santa Cruz de la Sierra: 21.5%) but not in highlands (~0% in Cochabamba, La Paz, Tarija). It was modulated by Aedes aegypti activity and the virus spread was not limited by previous immunity to dengue. Cases were geo-localised in a wide range of urban areas in Santa Cruz and Trinidad. No differences in seroprevalence related to gender or age-groups could be identified. It is concluded that ZIKV has been intensely circulating in the Beni region and has still a significant potential for propagating in the area of Santa Cruz.

A graph G with q edges is said to be harmonious if there is an injection f from the vertices of G to the group of integers modulo q such that when each edge xy is assigned the label f(x)+f(y)(modq), the resulting edge labels are distinct. If G is a tree, exactly one label may be used on two vertices. Over the years, many variations of harmonious labelings have been introduced. We study a variant of harmonious labeling. A function f is said to be a properly even harmonious labeling of a graph G with q edges if f is an injection from the vertices of G to the integers from 0 to 2(q−1) and the induced function f∗ from the edges of G to 0,2,…,2(q−1) defined by f∗(xy)=f(x)+f(y)(mod2q) is bijective. This paper focuses on the existence of properly even harmonious labelings of the disjoint union of cycles and stars, unions of cycles with paths, unions of squares of paths, and unions of paths.

A graph G with q edges is said to be harmonious if there is an injection f from the vertices of G to the group of integers modulo q such that when each edge xy is assigned the label f(x)+f(y)(modq), the resulting edge labels are distinct. If G is a tree, exactly one label may be used on two vertices. Over the years, many variations of harmonious labelings have been introduced. We study a variant of harmonious labeling. A function f is said to be a properly even harmonious labeling of a graph G with q edges if f is an injection from the vertices of G to the integers from 0 to 2(q−1) and the induced function f∗ from the edges of G to 0,2,…,2(q−1) defined by f∗(xy)=f(x)+f(y)(mod2q) is bijective. We investigate the existence of properly even harmonious labelings of families of disconnected graphs with one of C3,C4,K4 or W4 as a component.

The capacity of LiDAR and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to provide plant height estimates as a high-throughput plant phenotyping trait was explored. An experiment over wheat genotypes conducted under well watered and water stress modalities was conducted. Frequent LiDAR measurements were performed along the growth cycle using a phénomobile unmanned ground vehicle. UAV equipped with a high resolution RGB camera was flying the experiment several times to retrieve the digital surface model from structure from motion techniques. Both techniques provide a 3D dense point cloud from which the plant height can be estimated. Plant height first defined as the z-value for which 99.5% of the points of the dense cloud are below. This provides good consistency with manual measurements of plant height (RMSE = 3.5 cm) while minimizing the variability along each microplot. Results show that LiDAR and structure from motion plant height values are always consistent. However, a slight under-estimation is observed for structure from motion techniques, in relation with the coarser spatial resolution of UAV imagery and the limited penetration capacity of structure from motion as compared to LiDAR. Very high heritability values (H2> 0.90) were found for both techniques when lodging was not present. The dynamics of plant height shows that it carries pertinent information regarding the period and magnitude of the plant stress. Further, the date when the maximum plant height is reached was found to be very heritable (H2> 0.88) and a good proxy of the flowering stage. Finally, the capacity of plant height as a proxy for total above ground biomass and yield is discussed.

A Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) implantou seu curso de Medicina em 2006, com currículo baseado em competências e aprendizado prático integrado ao SUS. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma pesquisa com docentes e graduandos da Primeira Turma da Medicina-UFSCar, realizada por meio da metodologia da História Oral de Vida. As narrativas indicam que o currículo favoreceu o desenvolvimento de competências como: capacidade de busca, pensamento crítico-reflexivo e autogerenciamento do aprendizado, apesar de relatos sobre deficiências em infraestrutura. A prática integrada ao SUS, especialmente nas Unidades de Saúde da Família, aprimorou as dimensões intelectivas, relacionais e afetivas do cuidado, favorecendo a autonomia profissional.

During Dec-2013, a chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreak was first detected in the French-West Indies. Subsequently, the virus dispersed to other Caribbean islands, continental America and many islands in the Pacific Ocean. Previous estimates of the attack rate were based on declaration of clinically suspected cases.Individual testing for CHIKV RNA of all (n = 16,386) blood donations between Feb-24th 2014 and Jan-31st 2015 identified 0·36% and 0·42% of positives in Guadeloupe and Martinique, respectively. The incidence curves faithfully correlated with those of suspected clinical cases in the general population of Guadeloupe (abrupt epidemic peak), but not in Martinique (flatter epidemic growth). No significant relationship was identified between CHIKV RNA detection and age-classes or blood groups. Prospective (Feb-2014 to Jan-2015; n = 9,506) and retrospective (Aug-2013 to Feb-2014; n = 6,559) seroepidemiological surveys in blood donors identified a final seroprevalence of 48·1% in Guadeloupe and 41·9% in Martinique. Retrospective survey also suggested the absence or limited "silent" CHIKV circulation before the outbreak. Parameters associated with increased seroprevalence were: Gender (M>F), KEL-1, [RH+1/KEL-1], [A/RH+1] and [A/RH+1/KEL-1] blood groups in Martiniquan donors. A simulation model based on observed incidence and actual seroprevalence values predicted 2·5 and 2·3 days of asymptomatic viraemia in Martiniquan and Guadeloupian blood donors respectively.This study, implemented promptly with relatively limited logistical requirements during CHIKV emergence in the Caribbean, provided unique information regarding retrospective and prospective epidemiology, infection risk factors and natural history of the disease. In the stressful context of emerging infectious disease outbreaks, blood donor-based studies can serve as robust and cost-effective first-line tools for public health surveys.

We screened plasma samples (minipools of 96 samples, corresponding to 53,234 blood donations) from France that had been processed with solvent–detergent for hepatitis E virus RNA. The detection rate was 1 HEV-positive sample/2,218 blood donations. Most samples (22/24) from viremic donors were negative for IgG and IgM against HEV.

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um projeto de pesquisa cujo principal objetivo foi verificar os benefícios da inclusão do Laboratório de Humanidades (LabHum) do Centro de História e Filosofia das Ciências da Saúde (CeHFi) da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp) como disciplina eletiva para a promoção da humanização no contexto de graduandos da área da saúde (Medicina e Enfermagem). A disciplina foi enfocada na reflexão a partir da leitura de clássicos da literatura. Foram adotados métodos qualitativos fundamentados na Fenomenologia Hermenêutica. Os resultados apontaram para a ideia de que a literatura propicia a deflagração de “acontecimentos interpelativos”, ou seja, momentos de autorreflexão capazes de tocar o educando a ponto de que mudanças de visão e atitudes se incorporem naturalmente ao seu dia a dia, promovendo a humanização.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. In France, hyperendemic areas including Corsica have an anti-HEV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) prevalence higher than 50%. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in three adult populations in Corsica and the risk factors associated with antibody detection. Between 2017 and 2019, a total of 930 individuals, including 467 blood donors, 393 students or university staff members and 70 patients from general practice, were tested for the presence of anti-HEV IgG using the Wantai HEV IgG enzyme immunoassay kit and filled a questionnaire. The association between seropositivity and potential risk factors was tested with univariate and multivariate analyses. Out of the 930 samples, 52.3% (486/930) were seropositive—54.4% (254/467) among blood donors, 47.6% (187/393) among university students and 64.3% (45/70) among patients of general practice. Three main risk factors were identified: (i) skinning and butchering (Adjusted Odds Ratio aOR = 2.76, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] [1.51−5.37]; p-value < 10−3), (ii) consumption of a local pork live raw sausage (fittonu) (aOR = 1.95 95% CI [1.45−2.64]; p-value = 10−5), and (iii) increasing age (p-value = 0.003). Seropositivity rates between the different populations were homogeneous after age stratification. This cross-sectional study indicates a high anti-HEV IgG seroprevalence in the Corsican adult population, not significantly different between women and men and increasing with age. This serosurvey also showed homogeneity regarding the exposure to HEV among three different types of populations. Finally, we confirmed the endemicity of Corsica with respect to HEV and identified a strong association between consumption of figatellu/fittonu and the practice of skinning and butchering with the detection of anti-HEV IgG.

In the original publication of this article [1], Table 1 has some errors.

Este artigo objetiva apresentar um estudo sobre o uso da abordagem da História Oral de Vida como estratégia de aproximação entre cuidador e idoso, a fim de contribuir para a humanização na relação entre profissional da saúde e paciente. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva. Nossa amostra reuniu sete idosos, homens e mulheres, maiores de 65 anos que, por meio de entrevistas abertas e semiestruturadas, possibilitaram a produção de narrativas de histórias de vida, as quais, uma vez finalizadas, foram devolvidas aos colaboradores na forma de cadernos personalizados para que dispusessem delas como quisessem. Como resultado pôdese perceber que tal abordagem contribuiu para a geração e fortalecimento do vínculo entre enfermeiro e idoso, apresentando-se não apenas como elemento humanizador, mas também terapêutico.

Este estudo tem como objeto o Laboratório de Humanidades (LabHum) do Centro de História e Filosofia das Ciências da Saúde (CeHFi) da Unifesp. Nosso objetivo foi analisar de que forma esta atividade formativa, fundamentada na experiência estética e reflexiva provocada pela leitura de clássicos da literatura, atua e impacta em estudantes e profissionais da área da saúde, promovendo a formação humanística e a humanização no âmbito da saúde. Partindo de uma metodologia qualitativa, baseada na observação participante e na história oral de vida dos participantes, procurou-se avaliar e compreender como uma atividade formativa baseada nas humanidades pode ser proposta como um caminho de humanização em saúde. Os resultados apontam a eficácia dessa abordagem, na medida em que a experiência estética promovida pela leitura dos clássicos afeta os participantes do LabHum, gerando um movimento de reflexão que redunda em mudanças no âmbito profissional e pessoal.

Resumo Os educadores voltados para a formação universitária na área da saúde, que, desde o início do século passado até o presente momento, priorizaram o caráter técnico profissionalizante, têm, mais recentemente, chamado a atenção para a necessidade de propostas educacionais que possam oferecer um ensino que contemple uma abordagem mais ampla do ser humano e suas relações sociais. A esse respeito, particular interesse se apresenta quando da formação de alunos que desenvolverão suas atividades como futuros cientistas. Com esse enfoque, empreendemos um estudo com a implantação de uma metodologia – desenvolvida por um centro de humanidades acadêmico – que privilegia a literatura como fonte de educação. Realizado a partir da disciplina de filosofia, o método foi aplicado aos estudantes de primeiro ano do curso de ciências biomédicas de uma universidade pública do Estado de São Paulo. Frankenstein , de Mary Shelley, foi a obra escolhida para cumprir o objetivo de estabelecer um ponto de reflexão pelo qual se pudesse ampliar o foco exclusivamente técnico-profissional. O material para análise foi extraído de relatos feitos em aula e relatórios dos estudantes, mais anotações dos cadernos de campo do professor e monitor examinados de acordo com análise da hermenêutica fenomenológica. O resultado obtido refletiu questões e inquietações vivenciadas no cotidiano dos estudantes, apontando para a identificação dos seguintes tópicos: impacto da metodologia; reflexão pessoal e compartilhada; noção ampliada do conceito de ciência ; despertar da responsabilidade individual e social que o cientista deve ter. Em conclusão, a metodologia empregada teve seus objetivos cumpridos e os resultados deverão servir de base para novos estudos.

How renal epithelial cells respond to increased pressure and the link with kidney disease states remain poorly understood. Pkd1 knockout or expression of a PC2 pathogenic mutant, mimicking the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, dramatically enhances mechanical stress-induced tubular apoptotic cell death. We show the presence of a stretch-activated K+ channel dependent on the TREK-2 K2P subunit in proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cells. Our findings further demonstrate that polycystins protect renal epithelial cells against apoptosis in response to mechanical stress, and this function is mediated through the opening of stretch-activated K2P channels. Thus, to our knowledge, we establish for the first time, both in vitro and in vivo, a functional relationship between mechanotransduction and mechanoprotection. We propose that this mechanism is at play in other important pathologies associated with apoptosis and in which pressure or flow stimulation is altered, including heart failure or atherosclerosis.

Este artigo, decorrência da pesquisa de mestrado realizada no programa do Centro de Desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior em Saúde da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (2007), tem como objetivo apresentar a descrição e a análise da trajetória histórica do Jornal da Paulista, jornal universitário que surgiu na Escola Paulista de Medicina em 1987 e que circulou até 2003, quando esta já havia se transformado em universidade. Partindo do referencial teórico do semiólogo Eric Landowiski, a trajetória do Jornal da Paulista foi dividida em três fases. Na primeira, o jornal foi compreendido como uma publicação direcionada à necessidade de comunicação interna e de divulgação institucional; na segunda fase ocorreu uma intensificação na publicação de matérias de divulgação científica; e a terceira fase foi avaliada como um momento de envolvimento pleno do jornal com a comunicação pública das ciências da saúde. Apontamos que o JP constituiu-se preponderantemente como um veículo de divulgação científica das ciências da saúde.This article is the result of a master's research developed at Centro de Desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior em Saúde of Universidade Federal de São Paulo (2007). It aims to present the description and analysis of the historical trajectory of Jornal da Paulista, the newspaper issued by Escola Paulista de Medicina in 1987, which circulated until 2003, when this institution had already turned into a university. Based on the theoretical framework of the semiotician Eric Landowiski, the trajectory of Jornal da Paulista was divided into three phases. At first, the newspaper was used as a publication targeted at the dissemination of the institution and to respond to the need of internal communication; in the second phase, there was an intensification of the publication of scientific articles; and the third phase was evaluated as a time when the newspaper was fully engaged in the public communication of the health sciences. The conclusion is that Jornal da Paulista was mainly a media channel for the public communication of the health sciences.

O modelo educacional adotado no Brasil, advindo da escola nithingaleana não contemplava a realidade da saúde brasileira na década de 30, período de fundação da Escola de Enfermeiras do Hospital São Paulo (EEHSP). O artigo resume a pesquisa que teve como objetivo descrever e analisar o processo de criação e elaboração do primeiro currículo da EEHSP, construído a partir de uma abordagem histórica, tendo como recurso metodológico a pesquisa qualitativa. Foram realizadas análises documentais de fontes primárias e secundárias, além de entrevistas com personagens ligadas aquela instituição. Verificou-se o importante papel da Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) na criação da EEHSP, particularmente na figura de docentes e diretores envolvidos com seus cursos, assim como a participação decisiva de religiosas católicas. Constatamos que o desenho deste primeiro currículo foi pautado no modelo educacional da Escola Anna Nery, tida como a escola padrão à época.El modelo educacional adoptado en Brasil, venido de la escuela nithingaleana no contemplaba la realidad de la salud brasileña en la década de 30, período de fundación de la Escuela de Enfermeras del Hospital São Paulo (EEHSP). El artículo resume la búsqueda que tuvo como objetivo describir y analizar el proceso de creación y elaboración del primer curriculun de EEHSP, contraído a partir de un abordaje histórico, tenendo como recurso metodológico la búsqueda caritativa. Fueron realizadas análises documentales de fuentes primárias y secundárias, además de entrevistas con personages relacionados aquella institución. Verificose el importante papel de la Escuela Paulista de Medicina (EPM) en la creación de EEHSP, particularmente en la figura de docentes y directores envueltos con sus cursos, así como la participación decisiva de religiosas católicas. Constatamos que el esbozo de esto primer curriculun fue pautado en el modelo educacional de la Escuela Anna Nery, tenida como la escuela padrón a la época.The educational model adopted in Brazil, from nithingaleana school didn't contemplate the reality of Brazilian health in 30's, period of the nurse's School from São Paulo Hospital fundation (EEHSP). The article is about a research that had the objective to describe and to analyze the creation process and elaboration of the first curriculum of EEHSP, made from a historical approach, having the qualitative research as a methodological resource. Documental analyses of primary and secondary sources were accomplished, besides interviews with characters relationed with that institution. The important paper of the School From São Paulo of Medicine (EPM) was verified in the EEHSP creation, particularly in the teachers' illustration and directors involved with their courses, as the decisive participation of Catholic nuns. We verified that the drawing of this first curriculum was ruled from the educational model of Anna Nery school, it had been seen as the model school according to the era.