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16 results on '"Galow, Anne-Marie"'

5. Enhancing the regeneration of bone defects by alkalizing the peri-implant zone – an in vitro approach

Author

Galow Anne-Marie, Wysotzki Philipp, Baumann Werner, and Gimsa Jan

Subjects
alkalosis, osseointegration, osteoblast, Medicine
Abstract

The effects of alkaline pH on the initial adhesion of osteoblasts to titanium surfaces was analyzed by single cell force microscopy (SCFM). In the SCFM measurements, the same cells were used to compare their unspecific adhesion to uncoated titanium with their specific adhesion to collagen coated titanium. When the maximum detachment forces (MDFs) were compared at pH 7.4 and 8.0, only slight differences were found on pure titanium, while the MDFs were significantly increased at collagen coated surfaces at pH 8.0. Effects on the subsequent proliferation and gene expression were investigated in an in vitro model system consisting of an alkalizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and a perforated titanium disc. The sodium hydroxide releasing matrix maintained the medium pH between pH 7.6 and pH 8.4 during the entire experiment. Under these conditions, cell counts were significantly increased with respect to the control system after 7 days in culture. These results were supported by gene expression analyses, which showed an upregulation of proliferation-controlling genes of the EGFR1 and PI3K/AKT pathways after 14 days in culture. The SCFM data were complemented by findings of an intensive regulation of genes known to be associated with focal adhesion such as Itga8 and Tnn.

Published
2016
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6. Growth and development of the mammary gland in mice—control of the insulin-like growth factor system by hormones and metalloproteases, and putative interference with micro RNAs.

Author

Hoeflich, Andreas, Galow, Anne-Marie, Brenmoehl, Julia, and Hadlich, Frieder

Subjects
SOMATOMEDIN, MAMMARY glands, CALCIUM channels, NON-coding RNA, MICRORNA, RECEPTOR for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), RNA interference, METALLOPROTEINASES
Abstract

Keywords: AKT; GH; metzincins; mTOR; prolactin EN AKT GH metzincins mTOR prolactin 77 85 9 06/20/23 20230601 NES 230601 Implications Mouse models have improved our understanding of mammary gland growth and development under the control of endocrine signals. Here, we review how miRNAs differentially expressed during mouse mammary gland growth and development might control IGF system activation, expression, and signaling. This not only indicates the relevance of IGFBP4 and IGF2 in the mammary gland but also may indicate that prolactin signaling is regulated by miRNAs via the control of IGF2 mRNA during mouse mammary gland development as discussed earlier in this review ([5]; [17]). Finally, the effects of regulated miRNAs on the IGF system might not only affect the development and function of the mammary gland in female mice but also have implications for distant tissues (Figure 6). [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023
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15. Increased osteoblast viability at alkaline pH in vitroprovides a new perspective on bone regeneration

Author

Galow, Anne-Marie, Rebl, Alexander, Koczan, Dirk, Bonk, Sebastian M., Baumann, Werner, and Gimsa, Jan

Abstract

We investigated the effects of alkaline pH on developing osteoblasts. Cells of the osteoblast-like cell line MC3T3-E1 were initially cultured for six days in HEPES-buffered media with pH ranging from 7.2 to 9.0. Cell count, cellular WST-1 metabolism, and ATP content were analyzed. The three parameters showed a pH optimum around pH 8.4, exceeding the recommended buffer range of HEPES at the alkaline flank. Therefore, only pH 7.2, 7.4, 7.8, and 8.4 media were used in more elaborate, daily investigations to reduce the effects of pH change within the pH control intervals of 24h. All parameters exhibited similar pH behaviors, roughly showing increases to 130% and 230% at pH 7.8 and 8.4, as well as decreases to 70% at pH 7.2 when using the pH 7.4 data for reference. To characterize cell differentiation and osteoblastic cell function, cells were cultured at pH 7.4 and under alkaline conditions at pH 7.8 and 8.4 for 14 days. Gene expression and mineralization were evaluated using microarray technology and Alizarin staining. Under alkaline conditions, ATF4, a regulator for terminal differentiation and function as well as DMP1, a potential marker for the transition of osteoblasts into osteocytes, were significantly upregulated, hinting at an accelerated differentiation process. After 21 days, significant mineralization was only detected at alkaline pH. We conclude that elevated pH is beneficial for the cultivation of bone cells and may also provide therapeutic value in bone regeneration therapies.

Published
2017
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16. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Procedures and Data Analysis

Author

Wolfien M, David R, Galow AM, and Helder I. N

Abstract

Single-cell and single-nuclei sequencing experiments reveal previously unseen molecular details. The number of sequencing procedures and computational data analysis approaches have been increasing rapidly in recent years. This chapter provides an overview of the current developments in single-cell analysis. An introduction and practical guidance for choosing the most suitable sequencing procedure to match individual experimental demands in the course of investigating biological hypotheses are presented. Basic data analysis approaches are highlighted, followed by a discussion on advanced downstream approaches to enrich the information obtained from single-cell experiments; for example, trajectory analysis, pseudotime assumptions, and network inference. Currently unsolved challenges are discussed to allow the reader to avoid the most common pitfalls., (Copyright: The Authors.)

Published
2021
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