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Ilyocoris andancensis sp. nov. (Figs 1–4) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3EB380F0-1632-4971-A5ED-7DFE8A2DC9FA Material. Holotype MNHN-F.A71364 (Romain Jattiot coll.), paratypes MNHN-F.A71365, and MNHNF.A71366 (all compressed mummies), stored at the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. Diagnosis. Adult characters only. Color patterns identical on the three fossils. Connexivum brownish along posterior part and yellowish along anterior part; green-yellow anterior part of pronotum clearly narrower than black posterior part; outer margin of embolium black. Type locality and horizon. Lower limit of Turolian to Tortonian-Messinian boundary, 7.30 ± 0.15 Ma (Pastre et al., 2004), ‘ La Montagne d’Andance’, Saint-Bauzile village, Ardèche, France. Description (based on all specimens). Head transverse; ocelli absent; eyes sessile; labium short and thick, arising near apex of head, conical, obviously segmented, without transverse sulcation; labium; apex of head without a laminated extension; vertex less than two times and half broader than transversal diameter of compound eye; head, pronotum, and scutellum shiny; ground color black and green-yellow; brown dots on head, some of which form two longitudinal, parallel, median lines, each of them widening posteriorly; anterior margin of pronotum straight behind interocular space; lateral pronotal margins limited inside by a strong sunken line; anterior part of pronotum green-yellow, and posterior part black; scutellum black; no meso- and metasternal midventral carinae (observed on holotype by partly removing the mummy); macropterous, hemelytra olive brown, opaque, very finely and densely punctate, clavus and margin paler, embolium with a less dense punctuation than the rest of hemelytra but with outer margin black; membrane without venation; fore legs raptorial, fore femur only moderately incrassate with inner antero-basal angle not produced, forming a continuous curve with trochanter, tarsus without a fringe of setae; hind legs flattened; tibiae with strong brownish spines and long swimming setae. Legs pale yellow; apex of abdomen without respiratory processes; connexivum brownish along posterior part and yellowish along anterior part. Dimensions. Body 14.7 mm long, 6.4 mm wide (MNHN-F.A71364), 12.0 mm long, 6.0 mm wide (MNHN-F.A71365), 13.5 mm long, 6.0 mm wide (MNHN-F.A71366); head 1.3 mm long, 3.4 mm wide (MNHN-F.A71364); pronotum 2.0 mm long, 4.1 mm wide (MNHN-F.A71364); abdomen 9.7 mm long, 6.5 mm wide (MNHN-F.A71364); fore tibia 2.1 mm long, 0.9 mm wide; hind tibia 3.0 mm long, tarsus 4.1 mm long, hemelytra 8.6 mm long (MNHN-F.A71364).

Genus Ilyocoris Stål, 1861 Type species. Nepa cimicoides Linnaeus, 1758; by original designation., Published as part of JATTIOT, ROMAIN, TRINCAL, VINCENT, GARROUSTE, ROMAIN & NEL, ANDRÉ, 2023, A new fossil species of the saucer bug genus Ilyocoris (Heteroptera, Naucoridae) from the Upper Miocene maar paleolake of la Montagne d'Andance (France), pp. 260-267 in Palaeoentomology 6 (3) on page 261, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/8073120

Eornithoica grimaldii sp. nov. (Fig. 1) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6234ECDE-4652-4FA1-9A6D- F765A993D8D8 Holotype. FOBU17740 (part and counterpart of a complete fly), deposited in the collection of Fossil Butte National Monument, Wyoming, USA. Etymology. The specific epithet is dedicated to Prof. Dr David A. Grimaldi, in recognition of his impressive contributions to the study of fossil insects and extant Diptera. Diagnosis. As for the genus (vide supra). Type locality and horizon. Douglass Pass, Garfield County, Colorado, USA, Early Eocene, Green River Formation, Parachute Creek Member, Ypresian, 46.2– 40.4 Ma. Description. Body ca. 7.0 mm long, as preserved, dark brown, covered with numerous stout spines and spurs; head poorly preserved, detached from thorax but originally deeply inserted between fore legs, ca. 1.2 mm long, 1.0 mm wide, with mouthparts projected forward; compound eyes in lateral positions; ocelli not visible, apparently absent. Thorax 3.1 mm long, 2.1 mm wide; thoracic segmental borders indistinct dorsally, but not completely obliterated; procoxae widely separated, with a large, distinctly less-sclerotized area between them; protergum distinctly shortened; mesothorax wider than long; mesocoxae widely separated; metacoxae widely separated; wings normally developed, 6.4 mm long, ca. 2.3 mm wide, slightly shorter than body; R1 short; R2+3 longer than R1, reaching wing midlength; R4+5, M1+2, and M3+4 long; crossveins r-m and i-m present but faint; R4+5 reaching wing margin distally with a broad cell between R2+3 and R4+5; eight long and stout spurs on costal margin; numerous strong spines/spurs on legs; procoxa inflated, greatly enlarged; tarsomeres I longer than tarsomeres II to IV, the latter distinctly shortened and compact; pretarsal claws recurved, not bifid, with a conspicuous base or heel; at least apex of mesotibia with a row of five stout spurs; mesofemur stout, as long as mesotibia; abdomen 3.0 mm long, 2.9 mm wide, covered with numerous long, stout spines/spurs, some situated on enlarged sclerotized bases; three large transverse dorsal sclerotized plates on basal-most segments. Remarks. It is impossible to determine what host might have been visited by the present fossil, but given that basal hippoboscids are typically ectoparasitic on birds, it is likely that E. grimaldii was specialized for some extinct species of Aves. The bird fauna of the Green River Formation is rather diverse and certainly harbored any number of potential hosts for these flies (Weidig, 2010), but fossil bats are also present in this formation (Jepsen, 1966).

Eornithoica gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0C3395B4-3ED4-49D3-BA57- 0F65525B4C16 Type species. Eornithoica grimaldii sp. nov. Etymology. The new generic name is taken from the Ancient Greek goddess of the dawn, Ēṓs (Ἠώς, and from which the Eocene epoch derives its name), the genus name Ornithoica. The gender of the name is feminine. Diagnosis. Body, especially abdomen, and legs with numerous stout spines; dorsal segmentation of thorax not completely obliterated; wings fully developed; eight long and stout spurs on costal margin of wing; R1 short, R4+5 reaching wing margin distally, with a broad cell between R2+3 and R4+5; pretarsal claws with weakly developed basal heels; abdomen with three large transverse dorsal sclerotized plates., Published as part of NEL, ANDRÉ, GARROUSTE, ROMAIN & ENGEL, MICHAEL S., 2023, The earliest Pupipara (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea): A new genus and species from the lower Eocene of the Green River Formation, pp. 58-63 in Palaeoentomology 6 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/7754965

Lodevoisadia coheni gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 59BE288B-C752-4898-ACE5-72799793A9F6 Fig. 1 Diagnosis As for the genus (vide supra). Etymology Named after Henri Cohen, who discovered the type specimen and allowed us to study it. The specific epithet is to be treated as a noun in genitive case. Type material Holotype Specimen 2022.3.2 (number HC Can 01a-b, part and counterpart of a forewing, collection Henri Cohen); Musée of Lodève, France. Description Counterpart of an almost complete right forewing, with costal part of extreme base not preserved, 10.4 mm long (as preserved), ca 3.5 mm wide; area between C and ScP narrow, ca 0.2 mm wide; ScP simple, closely parallel to R, ending in C at 8.0 mm from wing base; few weak and short veinlets between RA and C near apex of RA; base of RP at 3.3 mm from wing base; RP simple; base of MP at 2.5 mm from wing base; MA simple; MP forked 3.3 mm distad origin of MP; crossveins in areas between RA and MP spaced; course of RP and MA nearly straight; areas between RA and RP and between RP and MA distally widened; CuA convex, with a nearly straight and simple basal posterior branch CuA2; CuA1 branched at 2.0 mm distad its base; area between MP and CuA1 rather broad basad first branch of CuA1; RP, M, and CuA well-separated; arculus m-cua present between M and CuA1; CuP concave, straight, and simple; AA1 and AA2 convex and simple.

Genus Lodevoisadia gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CB082E08-C310-4BBD-ACE8-FEFA3D7DC580 Type species Lodevoisadia coheni gen. et sp. nov. Diagnosis Costal area narrow; ScP ending into C; RP simple; MA simple; MP forked; CuA1 with three branches; CuA2 simple; arculus m-cua present between M and CuA1; areas between RA and RP, RP and MA, and between MA and MP distally widened; few simple crossveins between RP, MA, and MP. Etymology The genus name is a combination of the town of Lodève and the genus name Isadia. Gender feminine., Published as part of Nel, André, Kundura, Jean-Paul, Pouillon, Jean-Marc, Garrouste, Romain & Jouault, Corentin, 2022, A new ' grylloblattodean' genus and species (Insecta: Polyneoptera) from the middle Permian Salagou Formation (France), pp. 77-84 in European Journal of Taxonomy 852 (1) on page 79, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.852.2011, http://zenodo.org/record/7459029

The ponerine ant Anochetus miosumatrensis Ngô-Muller, Garrouste& Nel, n. sp. is described from a fossil alate female preserved in amber of Sumatra which is reputedly of Miocene age. On the basis of the general morphology, the fossil could be attributed to the extant Sumatran species group risii Brown, 1978. By comparing with the living environment of the extant species, this ant probably lived in a warm humid forest where it was trapped in dipterocarpacean resin during nuptial flight. Until now, the known Cenozoic distribution of the genus Anochetus was restricted to the Neotropical region. Thus A.miosumatrensis Ngô-Muller, Garrouste& Nel, n. sp. brings the first record of the genus from Indomalaya biogeographic region.

Phylogenetic analysis and list of characters. (DOC 81 kb)

Eoacridophagus azari sp. nov. (Figs. 1���2) Material. Holotype MNHN.F. A 57338, stored in the Laboratory of Palaeontology, MNHN, Paris, France. Diagnosis. That of the genus. Very small fly, wing 1.3 mm long. Etymology. Named after our friend Dr Dany Azar (Lebanese University), specialist on fossil insects. Type horizon. Lowermost Eocene, Sparnacian, level MP 7 of the mammal fauna of Dormaal. Type locality. Le Quesnoy, Chevri��re, region of Creil, Oise department, France. Description. Head 0.3 mm long and 0.25 mm wide, 0.4 mm high; eyes large but dichoptic, well separated; three ocelli placed in triangle on posterior margin of vertex; antennae shorter than head, 0.2 mm long; flagellum broader in its basal third than at apex; proboscis shortened, not surpassing the mouthpart cavity. Thorax 0.45 mm long and 0.55 mm high; mesonotum covered with a short pilosity; lateral sides bare. Wing 1.3 mm long, 0.5 mm wide; cell r 1 not a small triangle distally opened; apex of vein R 1 0.7 mm from wing base; Rs 0.1 mm long; R 2 + 3 ending in costa well separated from R 1, 0.4 mm long; vein R 4 + 5 0.75 mm long, ending in costa at a level clearly well beyond end of vein M 2, not reaching wing apex; r-m at 0.55 mm from wing base, approximately in middle of wing; vein M 2 present; cell cup closed just before posterior wing margin. Legs long and slender, fore femur 0.4 mm long, tibia + tarsus 0.6 mm; mid leg 0.95 mm long; hind femur 0.45 mm long, tibia + tarsus 0.5 mm long; femora bare; tibia covered with short bristles; no tibial spur. Abdomen deformed, 0.6 mm long, 0.4 mm wide, covered with short hairs. Genitalia not clearly visible. Discussion. Following the key to families of Bombyliidae s.l. of Greathead & Evenhuis (2001), our fossil can be included in the Mythicomyiidae because of the following characters: wing with R 4 + 5 not branched; vein MA absent; palpi absent; abdominal spiracles located in terga; very small insect (wing 1.3 mm long). Eoacridophagus gen. nov. falls in the Psiloderoidinae because of the following characters: wing vein R 4 + 5 ending in costa at a level clearly well beyond end of vein M 2; R 2 + 3 present and ending in costa well separated from R 1; cell r 1 large, not a small triangle; antennal style placed apically on second flagellomere; vein R 2 + 3 short, much shorter than R 4 + 5. The Platypyginae have their vein R 2 + 3 long, similar in length to R 4 + 5, unlike Eoacridophagus. Following the key to the modern genera of Psiloderoidinae presented by Lamas et al. (2015), Eoacridophagus differs from Psiloderoides Hesse, 1967 for the proboscis probably functional even if it is very short. Acridophagus Evenhuis, 1983 (replacement name for Cyrtomorpha White, 1916) has a proboscis half then length of the head, and projecting forward, longer than in Eoacridophagus. Their wing venations are very similar (White, 1916). Amydrostylus Lamas, Falaschi & Evenhuis, 2015 has a very long proboscis but its venation is very similar to that of Eoacridophagus. Eoacridophagus also differs from Onchopelma Hesse, 1938 in the narrower anal area, cell cup closed before the wing margin by a stalk (Hesse, 1938; Evenhuis, 2002). Eoacridophagus differs from Psiloderoides in the absence of the discal cell, r-m situated well basal of level of apex of R 1, and R 2 + 3 longer (Hesse, 1967). In addition, our fossil differs from all the fossils of the Psiloderoidinae: the genera Proplatypygus Hennig, 1969 (Eocene Baltic amber) and Borissovia Evenhuis, 2002 (Cretaceous amber of Siberia) can easily be separated from Eoacridophagus by the different antennal shape, the presence of a discal cell and the well-developed mouthparts (Hennig, 1969; Zaitzev, 1986; Evenhuis, 2002). Carmenelectra Evenhuis, 2002 (Eocene Baltic amber) differs from Eoacridophagus in the well-developed proboscis (Evenhuis, 2002). Procyrtosia Zaitzev, 1986 (Cretaceous amber of Siberia) differs from Eoacridophagus in the presence of a discal cell, CuA 2 and A 1 not fused, and a long vein R 2 + 3. The proportions between the lengths of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 in Procyrtosia are similar to the situation in Platypygus (Platypyginae), suggesting a position in this last subfamily. Eoacridophagus differs from Palaeoplatypygus Kovalev, 1985 (Cretaceous amber of Siberia) in the absence of discoidal cell, shorter R 1 and CuA 2 -A 1 fusion on the ventral margin of wing (Kovalev, 1985; Zaitzev, 1986). Zarzia Zaitzev, 1986 (Cretaceous amber of Siberia) has a vein R 2 + 3 sigmoidal, and a discal cell unlike our fossil. Remark. The recent Psiloderoidinae are known to be parasitoids on the eggs of Acridoidea. Grasshoppers are really not frequent in the Oise amber, which in no way means that they were not present in the corresponding palaeoenvironment because these insects are quite able to escape the embedment in the fresh resin. The recent Psiloderoidinae are distributed in the Neotropical, Afrotropical and Australian areas, in warm environments, which is in accordance with the current reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment of the Oise amber and the presence of other insects also living in such biota (viz. Isoptera Mastotermitidae) (Nel & Bourguet, 2006; Nel & Brasero, 2010)., Published as part of Myskowiak, Justine, Garrouste, Romain & Nel, Andre, 2016, A new genus and species of micro bee fly from the Earliest Eocene French amber (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae: Psiloderoidinae), pp. 583-586 in Zootaxa 4114 (5) on pages 583-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/259075, {"references":["Greathead, D. J. & Evenhuis, N. L. (2001) Annotated keys to the genera of African Bombylioidea (Diptera: Bombyliidae; Mythicomyiidae). African Invertebrates, 42, 105 - 224.","Lamas, C. J. E., Falaschi, R. L. & Evenhuis, N. L. (2015) A new genus and species of micro bee flies from Brazil (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae: Psiloderoidinae). Zootaxa, 3955 (3), 403 - 416. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3955.3.7","Hesse, A. J. (1967) Additions to the Cyrtosiinae (Bombyliidae) of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 50, 89 - 130.","White, A. (1916) The Diptera Brachycera of Tasmania. Part 3, families, Asilidae, Bombyliidae, Empidae, Dolichopodidac and Phoridae, Pap. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 1916, 148 - 266. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 28993","Hesse, A. J. (1938) A revision of the Bombyliidae (Diptera) of southern Africa. Part 1. Annals of the South African Museum, 34, 1 - 1053.","Evenhuis, N. L. (2002) Review of the Tertiary microbombyliids (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae) in Baltic, Bitterfeld, and Dominican amber. Zootaxa, 100, 1 - 15.","Hennig, W. (1969) Kritische Betrachtungen uber der phylogenetischen Bedeutung von Bernsteinfossilien: die Gattungen Proplatypygus (Diptera, Bombyliidae) und Palaeopsylla (Siphonaptera). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 48, 57 - 67.","Zaitzev, V. F. (1986) New species of Cretaceous fossil bee flies and a review of paleontological data on Bombyliidae (Diptera). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 65, 815 - 825. [English translation in 1987. Entomological Review, 66, 150 - 160]","Kovalev, V. G. (1985) [Infraorder Tabanoidea Leach, 1815.] In: Kalugina, N. S. & Kovalev, V. G. (Eds.), Dvukrylye Yury Sibiri [Insecta Diptera of the Jurassic in Siberia.] Akademiya nauk SSSR, Paleontologicheskij Instituta, Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelej Prirody, pp. 183 - 187. [in Russian]","Nel, A. & Bourguet, E. (2006) Termite of the Early Eocene amber of France (Isoptera: Mastotermitidae, Kalotermitidae). Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatshefte, 2006 (2), 101 - 115.","Nel, A. & Brasero, N. (2010) Oise amber. In: Penney, D. (Ed.), Biodiversity of fossils in amber from the major world deposits. Siri Scientific Press, Manchester, pp. 137 - 148."]}

Hypopsylla belmontensis sp. nov. (Figs 1, 2) Material. Holotype In 45397/ In 46044 (print and counterprint) (The Natural Museum, London). Age and outcrop. Late Permian, mid Lopingian, cca 255 Mya, Newcastle Coal Measures, Warners Bay - Belmont area near Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia (Shi et al. 2010). Etymology. Named after the type locality Belmont. Description. Print and counterprint of two wings partly overlapping and deformed, these wings being the fore- and the hind wings due to their relative positions. Their venations are nearly identical. Forewing nearly complete, fragment 6.0 mm long, 2.5 mm wide in widest part; ScP ending on RA about 2.7 mm from wing base, but with a crossvein between it and costa; area between radius and costa broad, 0.25 mm wide; R, M and CuA fused into a common stem at wing base, making a weak posterior curve for about 1.1 mm; then M+CuA and radius separating, with R and basal stem R+M+CuA making a pronounced angle at this point; RP and RA separating 1.2 mm distal of base of M+CuA; convex RA with a deep posterior curve limiting a dark pigmented pterostigma, at least 1.2 mm long and 0.5 mm wide, pterostigma limited by a vein basally (ScP); a crossvein perpendicular to RA and to RP below middle of pterostigma; relatively concave RP without visible fork in preserved part; M and CuA separating immediately distal of point of reemergence of M+CuA; neutral stem of M very long, 2.5 mm long before its first fork; anterior branch of M distally with a deep fork; posterior branch of M with three branches ending on posterior wing margin; convex CuA very short before crossvein cua-cup ends on its, being aligned with distal part of CuA; distal part of CuA very long, 2.5 mm long before areola postica; areola postica very long and narrow, parallel to posterior wing margin, with CuA1 curved and CuA2 very short; cua-cup weaker than CuA and M, 0.9 mm long from base of CuP and CuA; concave CuP weakly curved and simple; two convex simple anal veins basally curved; anal area about 2.2 mm long along posterior wing margin. Discussion. The pattern of wing venation of Hypopsylla is typical of the Acercaria with a common stem R+M+CuA and a neutral crossvein cua-cup between concave CuP and convex CuA weaker than CuA (Nel et al. 2012). Hypopsylla has the wing venation synapomorphies of the Permopsocida Tillyard, 1926, as redefined in Huang et al. (2016), viz. fore- and hind wings with sclerotized pterostigma posteriorly limited by RA, with RA making a strong angle at the point of contact with crossvein between it and RP (synapomorphy of the Permopsocida, a structure found also in some Psocodean forewing but never in their hind wing); a distinct angle of radial vein at base of M+CuA (a character absent in Psocodea and Thripida, but present to a certain point in the forewings of many Hemiptera of different lineages, viz. the Archescytinidae, Prosbolidae, Pincombeidae, etc.); presence of an areola postica in forewings (probably an acercarian symplesiomorphy as this structure is present in Psocodea and Hemiptera but reduced in Thripida); presence of an areola postica (forked CuA) in hindwings, a character present in Hemiptera but very rare in Psocodea (in some specimens of Epipsocus lucifugus (Rambur, 1842)), and absent in the Thripida; RP with a simple apical fork (structure also present in Psocodea, Thripida, and Hemiptera); M with two main branches, each forked again (a character present in Hemiptera, Thripida have either a simple or a forked M, while Psocodea have a three- to simple M). The ScP either parallel to radius, or fused to costal margin, re-emerging from it or not, are character states present in various Psocoptera. Hypopsylla differs from the other representatives of the clade Permopsocida in the much deeper posterior curve of RA in the pterostigma and the presence of three branches of posterior branch of M. This particular pterostigma reminds the pterostigma of the ���hypoperlid��� Idelopsocus, with the important difference in the fact that the pterostigma is covering the area between C and RA but also part of area between RA and RP in Ideloposcus. Hypopsylla differs from the Permopsociidae in the absence of a crossvein between M and CuA. It differs from the Archipsyllidae in the ScP ending in RA instead of going into costal margin (and re-emerging or not distally to reach RA) (Huang et al. 2016 suppl. inf.). The presence of a crossvein between RP and the posterior side of the pterostigma is not discriminant as it is present in the three families (Permopsocus (Permopsocidae), Dichentomum (Psocidiidae) and in the Archipsyllidae). Hypopsylla shares with the Psocidiidae the elongate and narrow areola postica, absence of crossvein between M and CuA, presence of a short crossvein between ScP and costa as in Dichentomum, ScP ending on RA distal of base of RP, but closer to this point than to the pterostigma, unlike to the other taxa of this family. The wing venation of Hypopsylla belmontensis allows its assignment to the Psocidiidae, increasing the diversity of the Permian Permopsocida., Published as part of Prokop, Jakub, Garrouste, Romain & Nel, Andr��, 2016, A new permopsocidan genus and species from the Late Permian of Australia (Insecta: Acercaria: Psocidiidae), pp. 589-592 in Zootaxa 4147 (5) on pages 590-592, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.5.7, http://zenodo.org/record/266236, {"references":["Shi, G. R., Waterhouse, J. B. & McLoughlin, S. (2010) The Lopingian of Australasia: a review of biostratigraphy, correlations, palaeogeography and palaeobiogeography. Geological Journal, 45, 230 - 263. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / gj. 1213","Nel, A., Prokop, J., Nel, P., Grandcolas, P., Huang, Di-ying, Roques, P., Guilbert, E., Dostal, O. & Szwedo, J. (2012) Traits and evolution of wing venation pattern in paraneopteran insects. Journal of Morphology, 273, 480 - 506. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / jmor. 11036","Tillyard, R. J. (1926) Kansas Permian insects. 8. Copeognatha. American Journal of Science, Series 5, 11, 314 - 349."]}

Genus Eoacridophagus gen. nov. Type species. Eoacridophagus azari sp. nov. (here designated) Diagnosis. Reduced mouthparts with proboscis very short; discal cell open in wing margin; anal area narrow; cell cup closed before wing margin, reaching it by a short stalk; r-m situated well basal of level of apex of R 1, R 2 + 3 not sigmoidal. Etymology. Named after the Eocene period and the genus Acridophagus. Gender masculine., Published as part of Myskowiak, Justine, Garrouste, Romain & Nel, Andre, 2016, A new genus and species of micro bee fly from the Earliest Eocene French amber (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae: Psiloderoidinae), pp. 583-586 in Zootaxa 4114 (5) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/259075

Genus Eocenotrichia gen. nov. Type species. Eocenotrichia magnifica sp. nov. Etymology. Named after Eocene and ���trichia���, frequent termination of the generic names in the Scenopinidae. Gender feminine. Generic diagnosis. Body length 7.6 mm [female]; head higher than long, flagellum relatively elongate with notched apex for stylus; frons not protruding anteriorly; mouthparts well developed and shorter than head length; R 4 emerging in distal third of cell [r 5]; M 1 joining with R 5, cell [r 5] petiolate to wing margin; costal margin ending at R 5 +M 1; female acanthophorite spines well developed in a marginal row; sternite 8 slightly shorter than tergite 8, posteriorly rounded., Published as part of Garrouste, Romain, Azar, Dany & Nel, Andre, 2016, The oldest accurate record of Scenopinidae in the Lowermost Eocene amber of France (Diptera: Brachycera), pp. 444-450 in Zootaxa 4093 (3) on page 445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4093.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/255323

Eocenotrichia magnifica sp. nov. Figs. 1���4 Material. Holotype PA 16841, stored in the Laboratory of Palaeontology, MNHN, Paris, France. Etymology. Named after the excellent preservation of the type specimen. Type horizon. Lowermost Eocene, Sparnacian, level MP 7 of the mammal fauna of Dormaal. Type locality. Le Quesnoy, Chevri��re, region of Creil, Oise department, France. Diagnosis. As for the genus (vide supra); vein R 4 sigmoidal. Description. Body length 7.6 mm [female]. Head 0.75 mm long, 0.96 mm high, higher than long, subspherical, female with broad, raised postocular ridge; antenna elongate, 0.46 mm long, cylindrical, length 0.6 �� head length; antennal style terminal, flagellum 0.3 mm long, notched; frons flat, not protruding anteriorly; mouthparts well developed, 0.42 mm long, distinctly shorter than head length; thorax 1.9 mm long, 1.7 mm high, scutum with dense pile of semi-appressed, very small setae; wing 4.2 mm long, ca. 1.3 mm wide; vein M 1 joining with R 5, cell r 5 petiolate to wing margin, cell r 5 large, 1.8 mm long, 0.4 mm wide; R 5 +M 1 0.2 mm long, ending at wing apex; R 4 sigmoidal, 0.6 mm long, emerging in distal third of cell [r 5]; apex of R 2 + 3 not far from level of base of R 4; vein M 2 absent; vein M 4 originating on discal cell and fused with M 3; costal margin ending at apex of vein R 5 +M 1; cubital veins terminating before wing margin; abdomen elongate and broad, width equal to thorax; abdomen 3.8 mm long, 1.2 mm wide; female genitalia: tergite 10 narrow and band-like, acanthophorite spines present, well developed in a marginal row; sternite 8 slightly shorter than tergite 8, posteriorly rounded. Male unknown. Discussion. Eocenotrichia gen. nov. is placed in the Scenopididae for the wing vein M 4 originating on the discal cell and fused with M 3; in the Scenopidinae for the cubital veins terminating before wing margin, vein M 2 absent, cell [m 1] wide, and in the Metatrichini Winterton & Ware, 2015 for the wing vein M 1 fused to R 5 (Winterton & Ware, 2015). Following the key to scenopinid genera of Winterton & Gharali (2011), within this tribe, Eocenotrichia runs to Propebrevitrichia Kelsey, 1969 in their couplet 25, for the following characters: mouthparts not atrophied; head shorter than high; relatively delicate flies with narrow tapered abdomen; antennal flagellum broad, notched apically; wing with vein R 4 branching from R 5 along distal half of cell [r 5]; female acanthophorite spines present well developed. It shares with Propebrevitrichia, the sister group of all other Metatrichini, the presence of female acanthophorite spines developed in a marginal row (plesiomorphic state for character 28 in Winterton & Ware, 2015), However, Eocenotrichia differs from this genus in that tergite 8 is slightly longer than sternite 8, and the body size is greater than 7 mm instead of being less than 4 mm long (Kelsey, 1969, 1971, 1976; Winterton, 2005). Remarks. As Propebrevitrichia is a South African genus that is the sister group of the clade that comprises all other modern Metatrichini, Winterton & Ware (2015: 23) proposed an African origin of the entire clade during the Late Cretaceous. The present discovery of a Metatrichini in the Earliest Eocene supports the age proposed by these author for this clade. However, the reduced contacts between the African plate and Europe during the period from the Late Cretaceous to the Eocene, questions their hypothesis of an African origin for the Metatrichini. The modern Scenopinidae have predacious larvae associated with wood-boring larvae, termites, woodrat nests, bird���s nests, and carpet beetle larvae (Kelsey, 1981). Birds, termites and Dermestidae are recorded from the Oise amber, suggesting similar biology for Eocenotrichia (Nel & Bourguet, 2006; Kirejtshuk & Nel, 2013)., Published as part of Garrouste, Romain, Azar, Dany & Nel, Andre, 2016, The oldest accurate record of Scenopinidae in the Lowermost Eocene amber of France (Diptera: Brachycera), pp. 444-450 in Zootaxa 4093 (3) on pages 445-446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4093.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/255323

Hypopsylla gen. nov. Type species. Hypopsylla belmontensis sp. nov. Diagnosis. Wing characters only. ScP ending on RA distal of base of RP, but closer to this point than to the pterostigma (a character also present in Permopsociidae but not in Archipsyllidae); presence of a short crossvein between ScP and costa; a very deep posterior curve of RA in the pterostigma; posterior branch of M with three branches; elongate and narrow areola postica (a character also present in Archipsyllidae but not Permopsociidae), absence of crossvein between M and CuA (a character also present in Archipsyllidae but not Permopsociidae). Etymology. Composite name after Hypoperla and Archypsylla. Gender feminine. Remark. The new genus Hypopsylla (Upper Permian, Australia, H. belmontensis) shares with the Psocidiidae the elongate and narrow areola postica, presence of a short crossvein between ScP and costa as in Dichentomum, ScP ending on RA distal of base of RP, but closer to this point than to the pterostigma, unlike in other taxa of this family., Published as part of Prokop, Jakub, Garrouste, Romain & Nel, Andr��, 2016, A new permopsocidan genus and species from the Late Permian of Australia (Insecta: Acercaria: Psocidiidae), pp. 589-592 in Zootaxa 4147 (5) on page 590, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.5.7, http://zenodo.org/record/266236

Family Psocidiidae Tillyard, 1926 Remark. This family currently comprises six valid genera, but only three of them can be accurately considered as Permopsocida, viz. Dichentomum Tillyard, 1926, Stenopsocidium Tillyard, 1935, Hypopsylla gen. nov. Carpenter (1992) synonymized Parapsocidium Zalessky, 1937 with Dichentomum without clear explanation. The other genera of uncertain affinities are Megapsocidium Tillyard, 1935, Austropsocidium Tillyard, 1935, and Liassopsocus Ansorge, 1996. The family is currently known from Australia, possibly Central Europe, Russia, and USA (Tillyard 1926, 1935; Zalessky 1937; Ansorge 1996). Diagnosis (after Huang et al. 2016). Fore- and hindwing with very similar venation; ScP long, ending on RA distal of base of RP in four wings; RP two-branched; M four-branched; areola postica longer than high; no crossvein between M and CuA1. At least Dichentomum has small crossveins between costa and ScP., Published as part of Prokop, Jakub, Garrouste, Romain & Nel, Andr��, 2016, A new permopsocidan genus and species from the Late Permian of Australia (Insecta: Acercaria: Psocidiidae), pp. 589-592 in Zootaxa 4147 (5) on pages 589-590, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.5.7, http://zenodo.org/record/266236, {"references":["Tillyard, R. J. (1926) Kansas Permian insects. 8. Copeognatha. American Journal of Science, Series 5, 11, 314 - 349.","Tillyard, R. J. (1935) Upper Permian insects of New South Wales. 3. The order Copeognatha. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 60, 265 - 279.","Carpenter, F. M. (1992) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part R, Arthropoda 4. Geological Society of America Inc, Boulder, 655 pp.","Zalessky, G. M. (1937) Ancestors of some groups of the present day insects. Nature, 140, 847 - 848. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1038 / 140847 a 0","Ansorge, J. (1996) Insekten aus dem Oberen Lias von Grimmen (Vorpommern, Norddeutschland). Neue Palaontologische Abhandlungen, 2, 1 - 132."]}

Genus Paleoropronia gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 214E6B03-C7 DB- 4670-B4D2-427 ABB 5A8A41 Type species Paleoropronia salamonei gen. et sp. nov. Diagnosis See species. Etymology Named after the Paleocene period and Ropronia. Gender feminine., Published as part of Garrouste, Romain, Pouillon, Jean-Marc, Nel, Andr�� & Umr, Isyeb -, 2016, The first Cenozoic roproniid wasp from the Paleocene of Menat, France (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea), pp. 1-9 in European Journal of Taxonomy 239 on page 2, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.239, http://zenodo.org/record/3850241

Paleoropronia salamonei gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D8459184-2211-4B41-B4FE-E72522D78 BCF Figs 1���4 Diagnosis Fore wing venation only. Cell [1M] very narrow, much narrower than cell [2Cu], only 0.2 times as wide as [2Cu]; pterostigma linear, not triangular; base of pterostigma well distal of [1M]; cell [1R1] elongate. Etymology Named after Matt��o Salamone, who helped us to make the photographs and drawing of the type specimen. Type material Holotype FRANCE: MNHN.F. A57266, stored in the collection of Palaeontology (MNHN, Paris). Type stratum and locality FRANCE: Paleocene, spongo-diatomite maar Palaeolake, Menat, Puy-de-D��me. Description A body in rather poor condition with the two fore wings attached. Head 2.3 mm long, 2.8 mm wide, broader than long; head structures hardly visible, except for fragments of the two antennae. Mesosoma 3.9 mm long, 3.6 mm wide; structures hardly visible. Metasoma in poor condition and incomplete but the first segment seems to be narrow tubular, not conical. Fore wing 7.6 mm long, 2.8 mm wide, apparently hyaline except for black pterostigma, 1.7 mm long, 0.23 mm wide, narrow and elongate, situated well distal of cell [1M]; pterostigma and veins covered with small punctuations probably corresponding to the bases of macrotrichiae; cell [1M] quadrangular, 0.7 mm long, 0.1 mm wide, very narrow, much narrower than cell [2Cu]; cell [1R1] very long, 1.9 mm long, 0.4 mm wide; cell [2R1] triangular., Published as part of Garrouste, Romain, Pouillon, Jean-Marc, Nel, Andr�� & Umr, Isyeb -, 2016, The first Cenozoic roproniid wasp from the Paleocene of Menat, France (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea), pp. 1-9 in European Journal of Taxonomy 239 on page 2, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.239, http://zenodo.org/record/3850241

Garrouste, Romain, Pouillon, Jean-Marc, Nel, André, Umr, Isyeb - (2016): The first Cenozoic roproniid wasp from the Paleocene of Menat, France (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea). European Journal of Taxonomy 239: 1-9, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2016.239

Family Anthracoptilidae Handlirsch, 1922 (sensu Guan et al. 2015 in press) Type genus. Anthracoptilus Lameere, 1917, Late Carboniferous. Other genera. Carrizocladus Rasnitsyn (in Rasnitsyn et al. 2004), Graticladus Novokshonov & Aristov, 2004, Homocladus Carpenter, 1966, Jarmilacladus Rasnitsyn & Aristov, 2004, Mesoptilus Lameere, 1917, Mycteroptila Rasnitsyn, 1977, Paracladus Carpenter, 1966, Spargoptilon Kukalov��, 1965, Strephocladus Scudder, 1885, Strephoneura Martynov, 1940, Strephoptilus Rasnitsyn & Aristov, 2013 (in Aristov et al. 2013), Westphaloptilus Guan et al., 2015. Some genera are currently attributed to the Anthracoptilidae but of uncertain affinities: Adiphlebia Scudder, 1885, Pseudomesoptilus Guan et al., 2015, Rhinomaloptila Rasnitsyn, 1977., Published as part of Nel, Andre, Garrouste, Romain & Prokop, Jakub, 2015, The first African Anthracoptilidae (Insecta: Paoliida) near the Permian ��� Triassic boundary in Kenya, pp. 145-150 in Zootaxa 3925 (1) on page 146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/234742, {"references":["Novokshonov, V. G. & Aristov, D. S. (2004) New taxa of hypoperlids (Insecta: Hypoperlida) from the Upper Permian of the Arkhangelsk Region. Paleontological Journal, 38, 60 - 66.","Carpenter, F. M. (1966) The Lower Permian insects of Kansas. Part 11. The orders Protorthoptera and Orthoptera. Psyche, 73, 46 - 88. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1966 / 47172","Martynov, A. V. (1940) Permian fossil insects from Tshekarda. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii nauk SSSR, 11, 1 - 62. [in Russian, with a English summary]","Aristov, D. S., Bashkuev, A. S., Golubev, V. K., Gorochov, A. V., Karasev, E. V., Kopylov, D. S., Ponomarenko, A. G., Rasnitsyn, A. P., Rasnitsyn, D. A., Sinitshenkova, N. D., Sukatsheva, I. D. & Vassilenko, D. V. (2013) Fossil Insects of the Middle and Upper Permian of European Russia. Paleontological Journal, 47, 641 - 832. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1134 / S 0031030113070010"]}

Afrocladus kenyaensis sp. nov. (Figure 3���4) Material. Holotype specimen NHM II 3069 a, b (print and counterprint), Natural History Museum, London, UK. Etymology. Named after the Kenya country. Age and outcrop. Late Permian (?), Mombasa Basin, Lower unit of Maji ya Chumvi Formation, Duruma Sandstones series, Karoo supergroup, Kenya. Diagnosis. Based on hind (?) wing venation only, wing longer than that of Afrocladus pumilio, RP closely parallel to RA near its base, CuA with four anterior branches instead of three in Afrocladus pumilio. Description. Nearly complete single wing with part of anal area missing, 9.0 mm long, 2.7 mm wide; simple, straight, concave ScP closely parallel to Radius, 0.2 mm apart, ending on costa 3.1 mm from wing base; area between ScP and costal margin narrow, 0.2 mm wide, without visible crossveins or veinlets; radial stem straight, with RP separating from RA 3.2 mm from wing base; RA straight, apparently simple; slightly concave RP with two visible branches; RP closely parallel to RA at its base, touching median vein close to its base; slightly concave median vein divided into two parallel simple branches 2.5 mm from wing base; a brace m-cua between M and CuA 1.8 mm from wing base; CuA and CuP emerging from a common stem; convex CuA anteriorly pectinate with four parallel simple branches less convex than main stem of CuA; concave CuP simple, weakly curved with a rather narrow area between it and CuA, 0.5 mm wide; area between CuP and posterior wing margin ca. 1.1 mm wide; first anal vein convex, simple, weakly curved; second anal vein more poorly preserved but with apparently two posterior branches; two further anal veins more very poorly indicated; several simple crossveins between branches of M and RP; all branches of RP, M and CuA weakly curved and parallel. Discussion. These two fossils fall in the Anthracoptilidae sensu Guan et al. (in press), as it has the following diagnostic characters of the family, i.e. ScP ending on RA or on costal margin; RP emerging from R in basal half of wing; median vein strongly approximate or shortly fused with RP near base of RP (synapomorphy); branches of RP, median vein and CuA strongly parallel at least in their basal halves; median vein braced to CuA by a short convex cross-vein mp-cua; CuA and CuP emerging from a long common stem; main stem of CuA strongly convex, but anteriorly pectinate with at least a series of parallel branches, all less convex than main stem of CuA (synapomorphy); CuP concave simple; at least two anal veins more convex than CuP; anal area can be very large or not. The presence of a common stem Cu from which CuA emerges directly excludes affinities with the archaeorthopteran of the clade Cnemidolestodea Handlirsch, 1937 (sensu B��thoux 2005), in which CuA is also anteriorly pectinate (see discussion in Guan et al. in press). These two wings have a very narrow area between costa and ScP, suggesting they are hindwings, as this area is clearly broader in the forewings of the other Anthracoptilidae. After Rasnitsyn & Aristov (2004), only the genera Jarmilacladus, Rhinomaloptila, and Spargoptilon share with Afrocladus the ScP ending on costal margin and not on radius. This character seems to be rather variable at generic level because Mesoptilus carpenteri Guan et al., 2015, shares it while Mesoptilus dolloi (Lameere 1917) has ScP ending on radius. Afrocladus differs from all anthracoptilids except Paracladus retardatus Carpenter, 1966, in the distinctly shorter ScP, with apex close to base of RP. Afrocladus pumilio and Afrocladus kenyaensis have also very small wings, 5.5 to 9.0 mm long, unlike the other Anthracoptilidae that have wings ranging between 17 to 48 mm long. Conculusion The presence of fossil insects on the surface of borehole samples is highly improbable, although few other records are known (viz. the case of the holotype of Permophlebia uralica Nel et al., 2001). These two discoveries in the same outcrop suggest that the corresponding layers are probably very rich in fossil terrestrial arthropods. It would be of great interest to search for new material in situ. Afrocladus pumilio and Afrocladus kenyaensis are the first African and the youngest representatives of the Anthracoptilidae, and of the Paoliida. They are of very small sizes, distinctly smaller than all the other Paoliida except some Blattinopsidae (Glaphyrophlebia pygmaea (Meunier, 1907) from the Late Carboniferous of France, with a wing 14 mm long) (H��rnschemeyer & Stapf 2001). This size reduction could be put in parallel to a similar phenomenon that seems to have affected the last representatives of the order Palaeodictyoptera during the Late Permian (B��thoux et al. 2007). It could be due to adaptations to environmental changes that have taken place around the P-T boundary (Aristov et al. 2013)., Published as part of Nel, Andre, Garrouste, Romain & Prokop, Jakub, 2015, The first African Anthracoptilidae (Insecta: Paoliida) near the Permian ��� Triassic boundary in Kenya, pp. 145-150 in Zootaxa 3925 (1) on pages 147-148, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/234742, {"references":["Bethoux, O. (2005) Cnemidolestodea (Insecta): an ancient order reinstated. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 3, 403 - 408. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 147720190500163 X","Carpenter, F. M. (1966) The Lower Permian insects of Kansas. Part 11. The orders Protorthoptera and Orthoptera. Psyche, 73, 46 - 88. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1966 / 47172","Nel, A., Bethoux, O., Bechly, G., Martinez-Delclos, X. & Papier, F. (2001) The Permo-Triassic Odonatoptera of the ' protodonate' grade (Insecta: Odonatoptera). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, New Series, 37, 501 - 525.","Hornschemeyer, T. & Stapf, H. (2001) Review of Blattinopsidae (Prothortoptera) with description of new species from the Lower Permian of Niedermoschel (Germany). Neue Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen, 221, 81 - 109.","Bethoux, O., Nel, A., Schneider, J. W. & Gand, G. (2007) Lodetiella magnifica nov. gen. and nov. sp. (Insecta: Palaeodictyoptera; Permian), an extreme situation in wing morphology of palaeopterous insects. Geobios, 40, 181 - 189. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2006.04.001","Aristov, D. S., Bashkuev, A. S., Golubev, V. K., Gorochov, A. V., Karasev, E. V., Kopylov, D. S., Ponomarenko, A. G., Rasnitsyn, A. P., Rasnitsyn, D. A., Sinitshenkova, N. D., Sukatsheva, I. D. & Vassilenko, D. V. (2013) Fossil Insects of the Middle and Upper Permian of European Russia. Paleontological Journal, 47, 641 - 832. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1134 / S 0031030113070010"]}

Afrocladus pumilio sp. nov. (Figure 1���2) Material. Holotype specimen NHM II 3070, Natural History Museum, London, UK. Etymology. Named after the very small size of this wing. Age and outcrop. Late Permian (?), Mombasa Basin, Lower unit of Maji ya Chumvi Formation, Duruma Sandstones series, Karoo supergroup, Kenya. Diagnosis. Based on hind (?) wing venation only, wing shorter than that of Afrocladus kenyaensis, RP not closely parallel to RA near its base, CuA with only three anterior branches instead of four in Afrocladus kenyaensis. Description. Single wing with costo-apical part missing, 5.5 mm long, 1.76 mm wide; simple, straight, concave ScP closely parallel to Radius, 0.1 mm apart, ending on costa 2.6 mm from wing base; area between ScP and costal margin narrow, 0.2 mm wide, without visible crossveins or veinlets; radial stem straight, with RP separating from RA 2.1 mm from wing base; RA straight, with apex missing; slightly concave RP with two visible branches; RP touching median vein near its base; slightly concave median vein divided into two parallel branches 1.7 mm from wing base; a brace m-cua between M and CuA 1.1 mm from wing base; CuA and CuP emerging from a common stem; convex CuA anteriorly pectinate with three parallel simple branches less convex than main stem of CuA; concave CuP simple, weakly curved with a rather narrow area between it and CuA, 0.35 mm wide; area between CuP and posterior wing margin 0.7 mm wide; first anal vein convex, simple, weakly curved; second anal vein with two posterior branches; two further anal veins more weakly indicated; several simple crossveins present between branches of M and RP; all branches of RP, M and CuA weakly curved and parallel., Published as part of Nel, Andre, Garrouste, Romain & Prokop, Jakub, 2015, The first African Anthracoptilidae (Insecta: Paoliida) near the Permian ��� Triassic boundary in Kenya, pp. 145-150 in Zootaxa 3925 (1) on pages 146-147, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/234742