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Buildings exert a profound influence on the environment, with the design phase recognized as the pivotal determinant of a building's overall performance. Green building design, in particular, introduces heightened complexity, where the attributes of the design team play a pivotal role in shaping performance outcomes. Consequently, the characteristics of the design team emerge as crucial factors in the enhancement of both green building design performance and client attributes. This study aims to empirically examine a model formulated to gauge the extent to which Effective Design Team Attributes contribute to the enhancement of performance in designing green buildings and influencing client attributes. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive questionnaire survey was administered to professionals within the architecture and engineering domains actively engaged in the design and consulting sectors of the building industry. The collected data underwent meticulous scrutiny for authenticity and dependability using the WINSTEPS 5.2.5 software before undergoing subsequent analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 19, with Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach implemented through Amos version 18 to derive the most robust model. The findings underscore the pivotal role of an adeptly managed design team in significantly improving both the performance of green building designs and the qualities of clients. Rasch's analysis confirmed the validity of our 5-point Likert scale for Design Green Building Performance (DGBP), Effective Design Team Attributes (EDTA), and Client Qualities (CQ). All items demonstrated excellent reliability, separation, and discrimination, ensuring robust data quality. Dimensionality tests revealed the appropriateness of response categories, indicating satisfactory scale performance. The Effective Design Team Model, validated through Principal Components Analysis (PCA), exhibited a satisfactory fit, supported by significant chi-square statistics, high goodness-of-fit indices, and acceptable root mean square residual values. Client attributes displayed a strong association with effective design team management, validating key model elements. The intricacies inherent in the design process can be mitigated by adopting the green design charrette approach. Consequently, the establishment of an effective design team, coupled with green design leadership, active participation, and clarity in roles and responsibilities, emerges as a potent strategy for elevating the performance level of green building designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides a brief discussion of the major nanopharmaceuticals formulations as well as the impact of nanotechnology on the future of pharmaceuticals. Effective and eco-friendly strategies of biofabrication are also highlighted. Modern approaches to designing pharmaceutical nanoformulations (e.g., 3D printing, Phyto-Nanotechnology, Biomimetics/Bioinspiration, etc.) are outlined. This paper discusses the need to use natural resources for the "green" design of new nanoformulations with therapeutic efficiency. Nanopharmaceuticals research is still in its early stages, and the preparation of nanomaterials must be carefully considered. Therefore, safety and long-term effects of pharmaceutical nanoformulations must not be overlooked. The testing of nanopharmaceuticals represents an essential point in their further applications. Vegetal scaffolds obtained by decellularizing plant leaves represent a valuable, bioinspired model for nanopharmaceutical testing that avoids using animals. Nanoformulations are critical in various fields, especially in pharmacy, medicine, agriculture, and material science, due to their unique properties and advantages over conventional formulations that allows improved solubility, bioavailability, targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and reduced toxicity. Nanopharmaceuticals have transitioned from experimental stages to being a vital component of clinical practice, significantly improving outcomes in medical fields for cancer treatment, infectious diseases, neurological disorders, personalized medicine, and advanced diagnostics. Here are the key points highlighting their importance. The significant challenges, opportunities, and future directions are mentioned in the final section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In light of growing environmental concerns, the reduction of CO2 emissions is increasingly vital. Particularly in the construction industry, a major contributor to global carbon emissions, addressing this issue is critical for environmental sustainability and mitigating the accelerating impacts of climate change. This study proposes the Optimal Green Design Model for Mega Structures (OGDMM) to optimise CO2 emissions, cost-effectiveness, and serviceability in highrise buildings with mega structures. The OGDMM examines the impact of each material and structural design of main members on these three critical aspects. Analytical results for high-rise buildings (120-200 m, slenderness ratio: 2.0-8.0) demonstrate that OGDMM can reduce CO2 emissions and costs by an average of 4.67% and 3.97%, respectively, without compromising serviceability. To ensure comprehensive evaluation, this study introduces five new evaluation indicators encompassing environmental, economic, and serviceability performances of high-rise buildings. Based on these criteria, optimised structural designs for high-rise buildings are classified into four categories according to slenderness ratio, leading to the formulation of corresponding design guidelines. The model's applicability is further validated through its application to a 270-m-tall high-rise building in Korea, showing reductions in CO2 emissions and costs by 8.99% and 18.50%, respectively, while maintaining structural serviceability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pemindahan Ibu Kota Negara Nusantara (IKN) memberikan dampak pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota yang pesat pada area penyangga Kota Balikpapan. Pertumbuhan yang dimaksud adalah penambahan area terbangun, peningkatan infrastruktur, dan peningkatan kesejahteraan. Namun dilain sisi, Pemindahan IKN Nusantara dapat semakin memperbesar dampak pemanasan global karena tingginya kontribusi emisi CO₂ khususnya yang dihasilkan oleh bangunan. Perumahan Grand City dipilih sebagai lokasi studi didasari atas konsep green yang telah diterapkan, luas lahan, serta ketersediaan masterplan dan dokumen lingkungan. Tujuan khususnya dengan mengevaluasi konsep green pada Perumahan Grand City dengan rating tools Greenship Neighborhood Assessment. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu hasil penilaian pada objek penelitian dievaluasi dalam bentuk skor dengan menggunakan rating tools Greenship Neighborhood Assessment Version 1.0. Hasil yang didapatkan berdasarkan penilaian menggunakan greenship neighborhood versi 1.0 bahwa nilai maksimum secara keseluruhan sebesar 124, kawasan Perumahan Grand City mendapatkan nilai sebesar 28 dengan bobot 22,4% sehingga kawasan perumahan ini belum memenuhi peringkat apapun. Perolehan nilai yang paling tinggi adalah kategori Pergerakan dan Konektivitas dengan skor sebesar 7 dari nilai maksimum 26. Sedangkan, perolehan nilai yang paling rendah adalah Bangunan dan Energi (BAE) serta Inovasi Pengembangan dan Inovasi (IFD) dengan skor identik sebesar 2 dari nilai maksimum 15 untuk BAE dan 9 untuk IFD. Oleh karena itu, perlunya mewujudkan lingkungan Perumahan Grand City yang layak tinggal, nyaman dan efisien sesuai dengan rating tools Greenship Neighborhood Assessment Versi 1.0 di lingkungan perkotaan.

Designs for remanufacturing (DfRem) consider the remanufacturability of the product in the early stages of product design, which can greatly increase the reusability of the products. However, product design schemes lack reasonable evaluation indicators for remanufacturability, and the decision-makers of the design scheme have subjective preferences and vague hesitation. These result in inaccurate decision making on DfRem schemes that will affect the successful implementation of product remanufacturing. In order to improve the accuracy of the DfRem scheme decision, a fuzzy decision-making method for green design for remanufacturability is proposed. Firstly, an evaluation indicator system for green design schemes was established that takes into account remanufacturability, reliability, cost, and the environment, and the entropy weighting method is used to quantify and weigh the design scheme evaluation indicators. Then, the hesitation fuzzy set is applied to construct the set of evaluations and the optimal design scheme is selected by applying the comprehensive evaluation method. Finally, the feasibility of the above method is verified by using the green design of an injection mold as an example, and the results show that the above method is able to make accurate and effective design scheme decisions. This method has been implemented in a prototype system using Visual Studio 2022 and Microsoft SQL Server 2022. The results show that the fuzzy decision-making system is accurate and effective for rapidly generating a rational green design scheme for remanufacturability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the relationship between green supply chain management (GSCM) practices on the performances of firms and the moderating influence of firm size on the relationship between environmental performance and economic performance. GSCM practices are classified into internal, upstream, and downstream activities, and these individual GSCM practices were hypothesized to influence the environmental performance of the firm directly and the economic performance indirectly. Also, firm size, which is often used as a control variable, is hypothesized to moderate the causal relationship between environmental performance and economic performance. The data were collected from 193 South Korean small and medium-sized electronic manufacturers. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to evaluate the reliability and validity of individual measures and to test the hypotheses. The results show that internal environmental management and eco-design in cooperation with customers have positive associations with the firm's environmental performance. Moreover, environmental performance positively impacts the economic performance of the firms. Finally, this relationship between environmental and economic performances is moderated by the firm size. Specifically, medium-sized manufacturers tend to translate environmental performance into economic performance more than smaller manufacturers do. Keywords: green supply chain management, internal environmental management, green purchasing, eco-design, electronics industry, SMEs, Green supply chain management (GSCM) practices have been incorporated into traditional operations management in manufacturing industries to reduce environmental pollutants without diminishing profits. GSCM includes product stewardship, process stewardship, green [...]

Kindergarten furniture is an important part of children's furniture. However, in sharp contrast with the high level of concern about the color, shape, structure, and modularity of kindergarten furniture, the research on green design and green evaluation of kindergarten furniture has not been given due attention. Through understanding the concept and principles of green design, this paper presents an objective approach to evaluate the green design of kindergarten furniture. An evaluation method based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) integrating gray correlation analysis (GCA) for kindergarten furniture green design was proposed. By using the AHP to determine the green design elements of kindergarten furniture, five standard layer indicators were obtained in aspects of environmental friendliness of the materials, color, technological structure, size, and interestingness, as well as 11 criterion layer indicators: environmental friendliness of structural materials, environmental friendliness of adhesives, environmental friendliness of paint, stimulate creativity or enhance concentration, avoid the feelings of unsteadiness, structural stability, rounding the edges, comfortable to use, size adjustable, interesting decorative patterns, and modular. Afterward, GCA was used to evaluate the green design of five kindergarten furniture schemes and a comprehensive evaluation score was obtained. Taking the design scheme represented by five desk and chair sets in kindergarten as an example, the effectiveness of this method was verified, and the advantages and disadvantages of the five desk and chair sets were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the third desk and chair sets at kindergarten made of New Zealand pine ranks first in the comprehensive green evaluation indicators, followed by the fourth sets made of rubber and wood. After the green design evaluation, we studied the carbon footprint of five furniture products and analyzed their carbon emissions at the production stage, the packaging stage, the transportation stage, and the storage stage. The results show that the amount of carbon emission is generally consistent with the evaluation results of the green scheme, which verifies the effectiveness of the green design evaluation method. This study provides an effective and feasible reference for kindergarten furniture designers. Hence, a greener kindergarten furniture design is expected to improve the learning and living environment for kindergarten-age children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have shown the evolution of the concept of sustainability to be a remarkable development in several fields. There is a growing movement in design, a movement toward products that are smarter in how they are conceived, manufactured, distributed, and discarded. This movement of green design and sustainable design is in every discipline, from environmental architecture to packaging, fashion, graphic design, and new media. The goal of this paper was to examine how the sustainability movement has affected graphic design. The main objectives of our discussion are to highlight the expanding trends in sustainability in the field of graphic design, explain how designers can and should be more responsible, and progress toward a more sustainable design culture.This research addresses the environmental sustainability concept and defines methodologies for development sustainability in the field of graphic design by applying the thinking of the life cycle systems. It also includes the study of the principles of sustainability and transformation of graphic design to serve this concept to achieve successful sustainable design with a focus on social, environmental, and economic responsibility of graphic designers, which are facing the world today.

Buildings exert a profound influence on the environment, with the design phase recognized as the pivotal determinant of a building’s overall performance. Green building design, in particular, introduces heightened complexity, where the attributes of the design team play a pivotal role in shaping performance outcomes. Consequently, the characteristics of the design team emerge as crucial factors in the enhancement of both green building design performance and client attributes. This study aims to empirically examine a model formulated to gauge the extent to which Effective Design Team Attributes contribute to the enhancement of performance in designing green buildings and influencing client attributes. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive questionnaire survey was administered to professionals within the architecture and engineering domains actively engaged in the design and consulting sectors of the building industry. The collected data underwent meticulous scrutiny for authenticity and dependability using the WINSTEPS 5.2.5 software before undergoing subsequent analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 19, with Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach implemented through Amos version 18 to derive the most robust model. The findings underscore the pivotal role of an adeptly managed design team in significantly improving both the performance of green building designs and the qualities of clients. Rasch’s analysis confirmed the validity of our 5-point Likert scale for Design Green Building Performance (DGBP), Effective Design Team Attributes (EDTA), and Client Qualities (CQ). All items demonstrated excellent reliability, separation, and discrimination, ensuring robust data quality. Dimensionality tests revealed the appropriateness of response categories, indicating satisfactory scale performance. The Effective Design Team Model, validated through Principal Components Analysis (PCA), exhibited a satisfactory fit, supported by significant chi-square statistics, high goodness-of-fit indices, and acceptable root mean square residual values. Client attributes displayed a strong association with effective design team management, validating key model elements. The intricacies inherent in the design process can be mitigated by adopting the green design charrette approach. Consequently, the establishment of an effective design team, coupled with green design leadership, active participation, and clarity in roles and responsibilities, emerges as a potent strategy for elevating the performance level of green building designs.

This article reviews the eco-social design work of students at the Gallatin School of Individualized Studies at New York University over the last decade. Environmental justice movements and the effects of global warming pose significant challenges to the architecture of dwellings, landscapes, and urban design communities. In response, students have placed socially and ecologically sensitive projects at the center of their design education. The justifiable moral outrage of our students has prompted us and them to rethink the methods by which we teach and imagine social environmentalism from the perspective of equity, inclusion, and the biosphere.

Given that the previous industrial revolution brought about significant and occasionally unanticipated changes in the “economy,” “the environment,” and “society,” industry 4.0’s sustainability effects deserve all of academia's attention. The study of the start-up operations 4.0 sustainability effects is in its infancy, and more research is needed to fully understand the sustainability implication of start-up operation 4.0 in terms of the influence of digitization on the economy, the environment, and society. Though research on sustainability in industry 4.0 has been performed, a study on the factors influencing start-up operations 4.0 to achieve sustainability has not received the necessary attention. To address this issue and gap, the current study models the factors influencing start-up operations 4.0 to achieve sustainability. Through review of literatures and experts’ opinion, ten factors have been identified. To identify how the factors interact, the “Modified-Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (M-TISM)” technique is employed, and the “MICMAC method” is used to “rank and categorize” the factors. The findings shows that the key importance should be given to the “management support for sustainability adoption,” “decentralized system,” “green design,” and “machine learning system.” The developed hierarchical link between variables provides a comprehensive understanding of how sustainability helps start-ups competitiveness and what elements are responsible for this impact. The management of the start-ups can utilize this framework to enhance start-up operations 4.0 since our study uses factors often studied separately but not combined. This study will help academics, and key stakeholders understand the aspects that lead to sustainability in start-up operations 4.0.

The contemporary need for an energy transition simultaneously poses a challenge, an opportunity and an urgency. We are facing a polycrisis (Tooze, 2021) due to the international geopolitical context, the need for energy independence, increasingly widespread energy poverty, and the climate crisis. From a perspective of sustainability, the essay explores various design-oriented approaches, inviting a shift in traditional (primarily technical) focus from individual products to more systemic designs (with significantly greater social, behavioural, and economic impacts). The analysis thus ranges from the now entrenched idea of the energy community to more experimental cases that revolutionise the way energy can be consumed simply by doing more with less. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While residential buildings account for a small proportion of global energy consumption, their significance in terms of energy usage and environmental impact should not be underestimated, especially considering population growth and urbanization. Consequently, low-carbon building has gained popularity as a new architectural form. This article first presents a theoretical model with low-carbon building characteristics as the independent variable, consumer purchase intention as the dependent variable, and user experience as the mediating variable. Subsequently, data were collected through a survey questionnaire. Finally, regression analysis and sequential testing were used to examine the influence of low-carbon building characteristics on consumers' housing purchase intentions and the mediating role of user experience. The findings reveal a significant positive influence of low-carbon building characteristics on consumer housing purchase tendency, with user experience playing a crucial mediating role. Therefore, real estate companies should prioritize the incorporation of low-carbon building characteristics and continuously enhance user experience in the design, development, and marketing of residential properties to increase consumer purchase intention. This research provides empirical evidence and theoretical support to elucidate the relationship between low-carbon buildings and consumer purchase intention in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To increase the awareness on the role of employee engagement besides the individual analysis level and a lack of studies focused on the employee’s involvement at the level of organizational, the study aims at investigating the antecedents of COE as mediating variable to increase the organizational performance. The study was conducted for 6 months to enable a deep understanding and evaluation on organizational performance. A non-purposive sampling with purpose sampling technique deployed with multi resources respondent represented organizations method (top manager, middle managers, head department and selected employee). Data analyzed for 380 respondents with Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS 22. Statistical outputs described that the green work design, OCB Organizational Resources, and Innovative Concordance Culture highly considered as the antecedent of COE in developing the organizational performance. The findings also claimed that all hypotheses proposed are accepted. This study strengthens the relationship between the COE and HRM and Enbridge the gaps existed which is informed and extended the area of field research. In another hand, this research contributed on engagement in some ways, such as extending the study on the engagement in the level of organization and provided the solutions secondly, investigating the COE as a main mechanism of the most crucial human resources. This research also developed the antecedents of COE and also highlighted how the top management could strategically increase the performance based on the organizational resources and the leverage the collective engagement continuously pursuit the strategic organizational goals.

This special issue of Future Anterior not only proposes that energy and carbon's effects for heritage buildings represent important design opportunities for retrofitting older, existing structures, but it also interrogates [...]