48 results on '"H Yoshizumi"'
Search Results
2. Terson Syndrome Caused by Ventricular Hemorrhage Associated With Moyamoya Disease. Case Report
- Author
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Yoshiki Arakawa, Yasunobu Goto, Yasushi Ueno, Seiji Kenmochi, Hideto Katsuta, Ishii A, Sen Yamagata, H Yoshizumi, and K Kikuta
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medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Terson syndrome ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Surgery ,Ophthalmoscopy ,Internal medicine ,Visual Disturbance ,Vitreous hemorrhage ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Neurology (clinical) ,Moyamoya disease ,Ventricular hemorrhage ,business ,Complication - Abstract
A 24-year-old female presented with Terson syndrome secondary to bilateral ventricular hemorrhage as a complication of moyamoya disease. Ophthalmoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging clearly demonstrated vitreous hemorrhage in the left eye globe. Various visual symptoms are associated with moyamoya disease, almost all of which result from ischemic lesions in the visual cortex and optic pathways. In this case, the visual disturbance was caused by Terson syndrome secondary to ventricular hemorrhage. Close ophthalmological and radiological evaluation is mandatory even in patients with moyamoya disease and hemorrhagic manifestation located in the intracerebral, subarachnoid, or intraventricular space.
- Published
- 2000
3. Isolation and Characterization of Antioxidative Compounds from Ume(Prunus mume) Liqueur
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N. Shirasaka, N. Kondo, H. Yoshizumi, M. Iida, A. Kurematsu, Tetsuo Murakami, T. Hasegawa, and S. Kondo
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Lignan ,Chloroform ,Antioxidant ,Chromatography ,Autoxidation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Ethyl acetate ,Amberlite ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,medicine ,Petroleum ether ,Food Science - Abstract
The search for components exhibiting antioxidant activity in Ume liqueur, Japanese traditional liqueur made by steeping Ume (Prunus mume) fruit and sugar in spirits, was investigated. The active components were extracted more effectively by relatively polar solvents, such as ethyl acetate, diethylether and chloroform than nonpolar solvents. such as n-hexane and petroleum ether. Ethyl acetate extract from Ume liqueur was purified with solvent fractionation followed by Amberlite XAD-2, Wakogel C-100, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies and high performance liquid chromatography. The purified compound exhibiting antioxidant activity was identified as aryltetralin lignan, Lyoniresinol, by UV, EIMS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. Lyoniresinol suppressed linoleate autooxidation more effective than a-tocopherol at 72 hr incubation in the presence of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). These results suggest that habitual drinking of Ume liqueur possibly suppress lipid pe
- Published
- 1999
4. Verification test of fault locator on a 6.6 kV power distribution line
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H. Yoshizumi, Y. Mitoma, S. Uematsu, T. Ishii, T. Tanaka, and K. Amano
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Engineering ,business.industry ,Noise (signal processing) ,Electrical engineering ,Ranging ,Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY ,Fault (power engineering) ,Power (physics) ,Fault indicator ,Electric power transmission ,Electronic engineering ,Surge ,Line (text file) ,business - Abstract
When a ground-fault problem occurs on a 6.6 kV power distribution line, it is essential to locate the fault point immediately and restore power to that line as soon as possible. However, in a combined system of both insulated wires and cables, surge signals could be affected by attenuation and reflection at both connected points and branch points, making an accurate determination of the fault point more difficult. Moreover, the surge signals of a 6.6 kV ungrounded power line are smaller than those of an ultra-high voltage grounded power line, further making it difficult to detect surge signals. Therefore, we have developed the fault location system and conducted verification tests on a fault locator on a 6.6 kV power distribution line. The ground-fault point is detected by measuring surge voltage propagation at both ends of line utilizing both noncontact voltage sensors and GPS (Global Positioning System) synchronizing technology. We found it important to acquire the first arrival surge and determine the surge traveling speed. These two points are key factors in improving the accuracy of the fault locator. First of all, as the power line produces much base noise, we have difficulty acquiring the first arrival surge. To solve this problem, we succeeded in developing a differential amplifier which improved the S/N (Signal /Noise) ratio. Secondly, we have established a method of calculating the fault point and the surge traveling speed from the switching surge in the combined insulated wire and cable system. In conclusion, we have conducted verification tests, enabling us to detect the fault location with an error rate ranging from 278 m to 363 m (3%) at a distance of 12.258 km. We are continuing work to improve the system.
- Published
- 2012
5. TRAFFIC FLOW CHARACTERISTICS UNDER FREE AND CONGESTED FLOW CONDITIONS ON AN INTERCITY EXPRESS WAY USING TRAFFIC DETECTOR DATA
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T. Watanabe, M. Iwasaki, H. Yoshizumi, and N. Aoyama
- Subjects
Transport engineering ,Engineering ,Flow conditions ,Maximum flow rate ,business.industry ,Detector ,Newell's car-following model ,Three-phase traffic theory ,Traffic flow ,business - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the traffic flow characteristics under congested conditions on the intercity expressway, especially an accordion-like action, and the maximum flow rate at the bottlenecks. To analyze the relationshipsbetween speed characteristics and geometric factors is also another one of the objectives of this paper.In the first part of this paper, the authors discussed traffic phenomena of the congested flows up- and downstream of the bottlenecks, and clarified the accordion-like actions also appeared in the intercity expressway same as the urban expressways. In the middle part, characteristics of thefree speed at each detector station and lane were analyzed. In the last part, a multivariate analysis is applied to quantify the affects of the geometric factors to the free speed.
- Published
- 1990
6. Terson syndrome caused by ventricular hemorrhage associated with moyamoya disease--case report
- Author
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Y, Arakawa, Y, Goto, A, Ishii, Y, Ueno, K, Kikuta, H, Yoshizumi, H, Katsuta, S, Kenmochi, and S, Yamagata
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Adult ,Humans ,Female ,Syndrome ,Moyamoya Disease ,Cerebral Ventriculography ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Cerebral Angiography ,Cerebral Hemorrhage ,Cerebral Ventricles ,Vitreous Hemorrhage - Abstract
A 24-year-old female presented with Terson syndrome secondary to bilateral ventricular hemorrhage as a complication of moyamoya disease. Ophthalmoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging clearly demonstrated vitreous hemorrhage in the left eye globe. Various visual symptoms are associated with moyamoya disease, almost all of which result from ischemic lesions in the visual cortex and optic pathways. In this case, the visual disturbance was caused by Terson syndrome secondary to ventricular hemorrhage. Close ophthalmological and radiological evaluation is mandatory even in patients with moyamoya disease and hemorrhagic manifestation located in the intracerebral, subarachnoid, or intraventricular space.
- Published
- 2000
7. A new approach to the integrity of dual blood-brain barrier functions of global ischemic rats. Barrier and carrier functions
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Haruhiko Kikuchi, H Yoshizumi, and Y Fujibayashi
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Sucrose ,Time Factors ,Ischemia ,Methyltyrosines ,Blood–brain barrier ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Radioligand ,Animals ,Carbon Radioisotopes ,Rats, Wistar ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,business.industry ,Brain ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Blood-Brain Barrier ,Ischemic Attack, Transient ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
We studied the influence of reperfusion on carrier and barrier functions of the blood-brain barrier after transient global ischemia in rats. We used iodine-125-labeled 3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine and carbon-14-labeled sucrose as tracers for studying carrier and barrier functions of the blood-brain barrier, respectively. Brain uptakes of these two tracers were measured in Wistar rats subjected to either 15- or 30-minute four-vessel occlusion developed by Pulsinelli and Brierly before recirculation for 3, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Tracer (5 microCi) was injected intravenously in each rat 30 minutes before killing the animal. Following 15- or 30-minute ischemia, [14C]sucrose uptakes were significantly higher at 3 and 6 hours of reperfusion before recovery to control values after reperfusing for 24 to 48 hours in almost all brain regions. However, a rebound in radioligand uptake was significantly manifested in some sites at 72 hours after reperfusion (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). Uptakes of 125I-3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine were brain site-dependent: significantly (p < 0.05) higher in cortex (3 and 48 hours after reperfusion) and thalamus (3, 6, and 48 hours after reperfusion) but significantly (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01) lower in striatum, cortex (72 hours after reperfusion), and midbrain (6, 24, and 72 hours after reperfusion). Because the [14C]sucrose uptake in brain was 10% lower than that of 125I-3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine, the change in absolute transport of the latter tracer was approximated to its brain uptake. The carrier and barrier functions of the blood-brain barrier should be evaluated separately. The radioligand 125I-3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine may serve as a useful tool to evaluate the carrier function of the blood-brain barrier after transient cerebral ischemia in rats.
- Published
- 1993
8. Effects of enoxacin on renal and metabolic clearance of theophylline in rats
- Author
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Takafumi Kuzuya, Tatsuya Hasegawa, H Yoshizumi, Masayuki Nadai, Kenzo Takagi, and Isao Muraoka
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Pharmacology ,Volume of distribution ,Enoxacin ,Male ,Metabolite ,Rats, Inbred Strains ,Kidney ,Rats ,Uric Acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Infectious Diseases ,chemistry ,Pharmacokinetics ,Theophylline ,Oral administration ,medicine ,Uric acid ,Animals ,Pharmacology (medical) ,medicine.drug ,Antibacterial agent ,Research Article - Abstract
The effects of enoxacin and its metabolite 4-oxoenoxacin on the disposition of theophylline were investigated in rats. Systemic clearance of theophylline was significantly decreased by approximately 40, 46, and 50% after oral coadministration of 25, 100, and 200 mg of enoxacin per kg, respectively. No significant changes in the volume of distribution of theophylline were observed. 4-Oxoenoxacin had no direct effect on theophylline disposition. Significant changes in urinary excretion of theophylline and its metabolites were observed. (i) Urinary excretion of unchanged theophylline was significantly increased in proportion to increases in enoxacin dosage. (ii) Decreases in renal clearance of theophylline and metabolic clearance of 1-methyluric acid and 1,3-dimethyluric acid were observed. (iii) The percent decreases in the metabolic clearance of 1-methyluric acid were dependent on enoxacin dosage. It is likely that enoxacin inhibits the elimination process, which depends on cytochrome P-450-mediated isozymes for N demethylation and oxidation, and that the capacity of the inhibitory effect of enoxacin is greater in the N-demethylation pathway than it is in oxidation.
- Published
- 1990
9. High-level secretion of a Rhizopus niveus aspartic proteinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Author
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H, Horiuchi, T, Ashikari, T, Amachi, H, Yoshizumi, M, Takagi, and K, Yano
- Subjects
Fungal Proteins ,Base Sequence ,Genes ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Fungi ,Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ,Gene Expression ,Proteins ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Extracellular Space ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,Transfection ,Introns - Abstract
The gene encoding an extracellular Rhizopus niveus aspartic proteinase I (RNAP-I) was introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeast cell carrying a plasmid containing the intact RNAP-I gene under the control of the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene promoter of S. cerevisiae did not synthesize RNAP-I at all. On the other hand, when the intron of the RNAP-I gene had been removed from the gene in the plasmid, the cell secreted RNAP-I with high efficiency. Processing of the pro-sequence occurred at the same region of the pro-enzyme during cultivation as observed in the culture of R. niveus. Moreover, the promoter and the terminator of the original RNAP-I gene were found to be weakly functional in the yeast cell with respect to expression of the intronless RNAP-I gene, although the initiation and termination sites were heterogeneous. The effects of vector-types on the extracellular production of RNAP-I were also investigated.
- Published
- 1990
10. THE MEASUREMENT OF THE BDDY GROWTH IN THE COLT
- Author
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H. Yoshizumi
- Published
- 1934
11. Quantum Theory of Electronic Structure of Molecules
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M. Kotani, Y. Mizuno, H. Yoshizumi, and K. Kayama
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Physics ,Simple (abstract algebra) ,Quantum mechanics ,Atom ,Molecule ,Electron ,Electronic structure ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Literature survey - Abstract
A review is presented which covers recent development in the theory of electronic structure of molecules. The literature survey was concluded in December 1957. Recent studies on the He atom are treated first, then nonempirical theory of simple molecules. Various semiempirical theories of molecules are discussed next, and results of calculations of various molecular constants are then reviewed. 83 references. (T.R.H.)
- Published
- 1958
12. A case of epidermoid with malignant component
- Author
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Tetsu Satow, Yasunobu Goto, Ken-ichiro Kikuta, H Yoshizumi, Sen Yamagata, Masafumi Morimoto, Yasushi Ueno, Yoshiki Arakawa, Jun-ya Nishizaki, and Akira Ishii
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Component (UML) ,Medicine ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,business
13. Chylothorax following transsternal total thymectomy: a case report.
- Author
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Kato F, Tomita M, Shimmura K, Yoshizumi H, and Sato T
- Abstract
Herein, we report a case of chylothorax following total thymectomy. A 46-year-old woman having an anterior mediastinal tumor underwent a thymectomy via median sternotomy. Seven days after surgery, there was no massive pleural effusion. However, on post-operative day 17, a right massive pleural effusion was detected, and it was diagnosed as chylothorax. She was successfully treated with conservative therapy. Chylothorax following thymectomy is a very rare complication., (Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2023.)
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- 2023
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14. A Japanese Patient with Gaucher Disease Treated with the Oral Drug Eliglustat as Substrate Reducing Therapy.
- Author
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Komada N, Fujiwara T, Yoshizumi H, Ida H, and Shimoda K
- Abstract
Gaucher disease is a rare genetic disorder caused by the deficiency of acid β-glucosidase to effectively catalyze the degradation of glucosylceramide to glucose and ceramide. We report here the case of a 31-year-old male Japanese patient with Gaucher disease who switched from enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) to substrate reducing therapy (SRT). Liver dysfunction was identified at a routine medical checkup, and the patient was referred to our hospital with "idiopathic liver disease." Clinical laboratory tests indicated thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly, which are characteristic symptoms of Gaucher disease. To definitively diagnose Gaucher disease, a bone marrow biopsy and acid β-glucosidase activity measurement were conducted; the results supported a diagnosis of Gaucher disease. This case emphasizes that it is possible for periodic medical checkups in adults to lead to the diagnosis of rare genetic disorders. The patient underwent ERT treatment with imiglucerase for 5 years; the platelet count rapidly increased and the spleen size rapidly decreased, indicating a good response to the drug. However, the patient increasingly felt the burden of visiting the hospital for 2 h of infusion ERT every 2 weeks. Consequently, it was jointly decided that he should switch from ERT to SRT with an oral drug. This switch was successful with no deterioration of laboratory data. This case report is the first to describe a Japanese Gaucher disease patient treated with eliglustat for >2 years. We showed that SRT is a well-tolerated and effective option for the treatment of Gaucher disease., Competing Interests: The authors of this manuscript do not have any conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2021 by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
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- 2021
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15. Efficacy and safety of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir combination therapy in old-aged patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
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Watanabe S, Morimoto N, Miura K, Murohisa T, Tahara T, Sato T, Tano S, Fukaya Y, Kurata H, Okamura Y, Numao N, Uehara K, Murayama K, Nakazawa K, Sugaya H, Yoshizumi H, Iijima M, Tsukui M, Hirosawa T, Takaoka Y, Nomoto H, Maeda H, Goka R, Isoda N, and Yamamoto H
- Abstract
Objective: Combination therapy with glecaprevir and pibrentasvir (G/P) has been shown to provide a sustained virologic response (SVR) rate of >97% in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the first published real-world Japanese data. However, a recently published study showed that the treatment was often discontinued in patients ≥75 years old, resulting in low SVR in intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. Thus, our aim was to evaluate real-world data for G/P therapy in patients ≥75 years of age, the population density of which is high in "rural" regions. Patients and Methods: We conducted a multicenter study to assess the efficacy and safety of G/P therapy for chronic HCV infection, in the North Kanto area in Japan. Results: Of the 308 patients enrolled, 294 (95.5%) completed the treatment according to the protocol. In ITT and per-protocol analyses, the overall SVR12 rate was 97.1% and 99.7%, respectively. The old-aged patients group consisted of 59 participants, 56 of whom (94.9%) completed the scheduled protocol. Although old-aged patients tended to have non-SVR factors such as liver cirrhosis, history of HCC, and prior DAA therapies, the SVR12 rates in old-aged patients were 98.3% and 100% in the ITT and PP analyses, respectively. Of 308 patients enrolled, adverse events were observed in 74 patients (24.0%), with grade ≥3 events in 8 patients (2.6%). There was no significant difference in any grade and grade ≥3 adverse events between the old-aged group and the rest of the study participants. Only one patient discontinued the treatment because of adverse events. Conclusion: G/P therapy is effective and safe for old-aged patients., Competing Interests: N.M., T.M., Y.O., N.I., and H.Y. received lecture fees from AbbVie. T.M., N.I., and H.Y. received research fees from AbbVie. The other authors have no conflicts of interest associated with this study., (©2020 The Japanese Association of Rural Medicine.)
- Published
- 2020
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16. No Regional Disparities in Sofosbuvir Plus Ribavirin Therapy for HCV Genotype 2 Infection in Tochigi Prefecture and Its Vicinity.
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Hirosawa T, Morimoto N, Miura K, Tahara T, Murohisa T, Okamura Y, Sato T, Numao N, Imai M, Tano S, Murayama K, Kurata H, Ozawa I, Fukaya Y, Yoshizumi H, Watanabe S, Tsukui M, Takaoka Y, Nomoto H, Isoda N, and Yamamoto H
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Genotype, Geography, Hepatitis C, Chronic epidemiology, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Sustained Virologic Response, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Drug Therapy, Combination, Hepacivirus genetics, Hepatitis C, Chronic drug therapy, Interferons therapeutic use, Ribavirin therapeutic use, Sofosbuvir therapeutic use
- Abstract
Objective Regional disparities were observed in the outcomes of interferon (IFN)-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a Japanese nationwide study. However, whether or not these regional disparities are observed in the outcomes of direct-acting antiviral drugs, including sofosbuvir (SOF) plus ribavirin (RBV) therapy, remains unclear. Methods We conducted a multicenter study to assess the efficacy of SOF plus RBV therapy for HCV genotype 2 infection in Tochigi Prefecture and its vicinity, in which IFN-based therapy yielded a low sustained virologic response (SVR) rate. In addition, we divided Tochigi Prefecture into six regions to examine regional disparities in the SVR. Patients We enrolled patients with chronic HCV genotype 2 infection. Results Of the 583 patients enrolled, 569 (97.6%) completed the treatment, and 566 (97.1%) also complied with post-treatment follow-up for 12 weeks. The overall SVR12 rate was 96.1% by per protocol and 93.7% by intention-to-treat analyses. No marked differences were observed in the SVR12 between subjects ≥65 and <65 years of age. Although large gaps were observed in the characteristics of patients and accessibility to medical resources, there was no significant difference in the SVR12 rate among the six regions in Tochigi Prefecture. Conclusion SOF plus RBV therapy was effective for HCV genotype 2 infection in an area where IFN-based therapy had previously shown unsatisfactory results. In addition, no regional disparities in the SVR12 were observed in Tochigi Prefecture.
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- 2019
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17. Recovery from Diabetic Macular Edema in a Diabetic Patient After Minimal Dose of a Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor.
- Author
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Yoshizumi H, Ejima T, Nagao T, and Wakisaka M
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- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents adverse effects, Metformin adverse effects, Middle Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors therapeutic use, Macular Edema drug therapy, Macular Edema etiology, Sitagliptin Phosphate therapeutic use
- Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic macular edema (DME) causes serious visual impairments in diabetic patients. The standard treatments of DME are intra-vitreous injections of corticosteroids or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies and pan-photocoagulation. These treatments are unsatisfactory in their effects and impose considerable physical and economic burdens on the patients. CASE REPORT A 63-year-old woman was diagnosed as type 2 diabetes with retinopathy 7 years ago. Before the initiation of an SGLT2 inhibitor, the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin (50 mg daily), and metformin (250 mg dai- ly) were used for her glycemic control. The level of her hemoglobin A1c had been controlled around 7%. She began to feel decreased visual acuity and blurred vision of her left eye 8 months before the visit to our clin- ic. She was diagnosed as DME, which turned out to be corticosteroid-resistant. Her visual acuity further de- creased to 20/50. Metformin was changed to ipraglifl (25mg/day). Her left visual acuity started to improve after 4 weeks of treatment with ipragliflozin and improved to 20/22 after 24 weeks. The macular edema did not change until 12 weeks of the treatment, however, it decreased prominently after 16 weeks. CONCLUSIONS In our patient with steroid-resistant DME, her visual symptoms and macular edema recovered after the initiation of an SGLT2 inhibitor. SGLT2 inhibitors might be a potential candidate for the DME treatment.
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- 2018
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18. Short-term effects of β-adrenergic antagonists and methimazole in new-onset thyrotoxicosis caused by Graves' disease.
- Author
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Tagami T, Yambe Y, Tanaka T, Tanaka T, Ogo A, Yoshizumi H, Kaise K, Higashi K, Tanabe M, Shimazu S, Usui T, Shimatsu A, and Naruse M
- Subjects
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists pharmacology, Adult, Antithyroid Agents pharmacology, Drug Therapy, Combination, Dyspnea prevention & control, Fatigue prevention & control, Female, Heart Rate drug effects, Heart Rate physiology, Humans, Incidence, Male, Methimazole pharmacology, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Thyroid Gland drug effects, Thyroid Gland physiopathology, Thyrotoxicosis physiopathology, Treatment Outcome, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists therapeutic use, Antithyroid Agents therapeutic use, Graves Disease complications, Methimazole therapeutic use, Thyrotoxicosis drug therapy, Thyrotoxicosis etiology
- Abstract
Objective: β-adrenergic antagonists (β-blockers) are often used to attenuate the hyperadrenergic symptoms of Graves' disease (GD), including palpitation. Although β-blockers reduce the heart rate, cardiac output and oxygen consumption, no firm evidence exists regarding the effects of combined therapy with β-blockers and anti-thyroid drugs. The objective is to elucidate the effects of β-blockers on anti-thyroid drug therapy in GD., Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with mild GD were randomly assigned to receive methimazole with or without β-blockers in a prospective multi-center survey. The heart rate and thyroid function were measured and the quality of life was assessed using original and SF-36 questionnaires at 0 and 4 weeks., Results: A total of 28 patients were enrolled in the study. Fourteen patients (one man, 13 women) were randomly assigned to the group treated with β-blockers and 14 patients (one man, 13 women) were randomly assigned to the group not treated with β-blockers. Although no significant differences in the improvement of thyroid function were observed between the two groups, the heart rates improved more significantly in the group treated with β-blockers. Specific symptoms, such as easy fatigability and shortness of breath, also improved more significantly with the β-blocker treatment. In addition, 'physical functioning' assessed with the SF-36 questionnaires significantly improved only in the group treated with β-blockers., Conclusion: Although β-blockers may not reinforce the effects of anti-thyroid drugs on thyroid function, at least during the course of one month, they are effective in reducing heart rates and ameliorating specific symptoms in patients with mild GD.
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- 2012
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19. Inhibitory effects of whisky polyphenols on melanogenesis in mouse B16 melanoma cells.
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Yoshioka S, Terashita T, Yoshizumi H, and Shirasaka N
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- Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Mice, Monophenol Monooxygenase metabolism, Alcoholic Beverages, Antioxidants pharmacology, Melanins biosynthesis, Melanoma, Experimental pathology, Polyphenols pharmacology
- Abstract
Whisky exerts an inhibitory effect on melanogenesis in B16 cells, the anti-melanogenic activity being positively correlated with the aging period and anti-oxidative activity of whisky. We examined the correlation between the inhibition of melanogenesis and the concentration of each compound in various whiskies to evaluate the importance of 11 different whisky polyphenols, including ellagic acid, gallic acid and lyoniresinol, in the anti-melanogenic activity of whisky. The concentration of all the compounds was positively correlated with the anti-melanogenic activity of whisky. Ellagic acid, gallic acid and lyoniresinol were the predominant polyphenols in the whiskies measured by HPLC. These three compounds also significantly inhibited the melanogenesis and tyrosinase activity in B16 cells. Ellagic acid, gallic acid and lyoniresinol were confirmed as the major participants in the anti-melanogenic activity of whisky.
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- 2011
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20. Collision of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a case report.
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Toyoda A, Komaba A, Yoshizumi H, Hanaoka R, Sakuma S, Ichinohe A, Kawana H, and Harigaya K
- Abstract
We present a case of an 83-year-old female patient with a collision tumour of an advanced Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer and a large gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST). According to the deformity of the gastric wall caused by the GIST, type 4 cancer was difficult to identify by oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD). The patient died of progressive gastric cancer related disease. While the mechanism of histogenesis of the simultaneous adenocarcinoma and GIST remains to be determined, the present case suggests that gastric adenocarcinoma has a more adverse effect on prognosis than does GIST. Additionally, this case suggests that thorough inspection of GIST patients is required at the OGD and at the pathology facility, in order to avoid overlooking the underlying cancer.
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- 2009
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21. Hemodynamic features of gastrorenal shunt: a Doppler study in cirrhotic patients with gastric fundal varices.
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Maruyama H, Okugawa H, Yoshizumi H, Kobayashi S, and Yokosuka O
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Endoscopy, Esophageal and Gastric Varices physiopathology, Female, Gastric Fundus, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Esophageal and Gastric Varices diagnostic imaging, Hemodynamics physiology, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Ultrasonography, Doppler
- Abstract
Rationale and Objectives: Little is known about the hemodynamics of gastrorenal shunt (GRS), a major drainage route of gastric fundal varices (FV), in patients with FV. The aim of this study was to clarify the hemodynamic features of GRS on Doppler sonography in relation to the grading and bleeding of FV., Materials and Methods: The study subjects consisted of 69 cirrhotic patients with FV. Diameter, flow velocity (FVe), and flow volume (FVo) of GRS were measured by Doppler ultrasound (US). The detection rate was compared to contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), and percutaneous transhepatic portography (PTP) was used in six patients without GRS on CECT., Results: The use of CECT detected GRS in 60 of 69 patients, and US, 58 of 69 patients. A false-negative result for detecting GRS on both CECT and US was found in one patient after PTP. The diameter, FVe, and FVo of GRS increased according to the endoscopic grade of FV: F1 (7.2+/-1.3 mm, 9.8+/-1.1 cm/s, 358.3+/-123.4 ml/min), F2 (9.9+/-3.3 mm, 12.8+/-5.1 cm/s, 701.7+/-411.3 ml/min), and F3 (11.8+/-2.4 mm, 17.9+/-8.3 cm/s, 1706.6+/-989.5 ml/min). A significant difference was seen between F1 and F3 (diameter, P=.0022; FVe, P=.0133; FVo, P=.0007) and between F2 and F3 (FVe, P=.0112; FVo, P<.0001). FVe of GRS was significantly higher in bleeders (16.7+/-8.1 cm/s) than in nonbleeders (12.2+/-5.4 cm/s, P=.017), whereas the diameter and FVo were not significant., Conclusion: Hemodynamics of GRS on Doppler sonograms reflected the grading and bleeding of FV. Doppler US may be valuable as a noninvasive method to evaluate the severity of FV.
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- 2008
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22. Autopsy of a patient with Cushing's Syndrome who was revealed to have pulmonary tumorlets producing ectopic ACTH.
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Ogo A, Eto T, Hiramatsu S, Watanabe A, Sakai Y, Yoshizumi H, Uesugi N, and Nakajima O
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- ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic blood, ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic therapy, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone blood, Aged, Autopsy, Cushing Syndrome blood, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone blood, Lung Neoplasms blood, Lung Neoplasms therapy, ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic diagnosis, Cushing Syndrome complications, Lung Neoplasms metabolism
- Abstract
The patient, a 78-year-old female with a 10-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, was admitted to our department for evaluation of leg edema and general fatigue. Biochemical investigations revealed hypokalemia and elevated serum cortisol and plasma ACTH levels, with a loss of diurnal rhythm and failure of suppression at high doses (8 mg) of dexamethasone. No pituitary tumor or parasellar tumor was detected by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance image scan of the pituitary. High resolution CT of the lung and bronchoscopic examination revealed no abnormalities. Abdominal and pelvic CT indicated bilateral, slightly diffuse, adrenal gland hyperplasia only. These findings led to a diagnosis of ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism from an undefined source. Ten days after admission the patient had a fever and was diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Despite intensive treatment about 1 month after admission the patient died from progressive multiple organ failure. At autopsy, a histological examination of the periphery of the right middle lobe of the lung revealed the presence of tumorlets. Immunohistochemical staining of the tumorlets revealed scattered cells containing ACTH and many cells containing chromogranin A that were positive for Grimelius staining. In addition, multiple microabscesses were present throughout most tissues of the body. The ectopic hormonal production observed in the present case suggests that pulmonary tumorlets should thus be considered in the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome, and medical treatment to inhibit steroidogenesis should be started immediately to reduce the risk of complications from hypercortisolism.
- Published
- 2007
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23. Lack of effect of aciclovir on metabolism of theophylline and expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A2 in rats.
- Author
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Nadai M, Kato M, Yasui K, Kimura M, Zhao YL, Ueyama J, Tsunekawa Y, Yoshizumi H, and Hasegawa T
- Subjects
- Acyclovir administration & dosage, Animals, Antiviral Agents administration & dosage, Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Blotting, Western, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glomerular Filtration Rate drug effects, Injections, Intraperitoneal, Injections, Intravenous, Liver metabolism, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Theophylline administration & dosage, Theophylline pharmacokinetics, Uric Acid analogs & derivatives, Uric Acid metabolism, Vasodilator Agents administration & dosage, Vasodilator Agents metabolism, Vasodilator Agents pharmacokinetics, Xanthines administration & dosage, Xanthines metabolism, Xanthines pharmacokinetics, Acyclovir pharmacology, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 metabolism, Liver enzymology, Theophylline metabolism
- Abstract
There is an interesting clinical report indicating that aciclovir, which is mainly excreted into urine, decreases the systemic clearance of theophylline by inhibiting cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2-mediated metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effect of aciclovir on the metabolism of theophylline, and on the activity and expression of hepatic CYP1A2 in rats. Theophylline (10 mg/kg) was injected intravenously into rats treated with two different dosages of aciclovir. When theophylline was simultaneously administered with aciclovir (50 mg/kg), the systemic clearance of theophylline and metabolic clearance of its major metabolites, 1-methyluric acid and 1,3-dimethyluric acid, were unchanged. In place of theophylline, when 1-methyl-3-propylxanthine (2.5 mg/kg), which is almost metabolized by CYP1A2 in rats, was coadministered intravenously with aciclovir (50 mg/kg), the pharmacokinetics of 1-methyl-3-propylxanthine was also unchanged. When theophylline was administered to rats pretreated with repeated intraperitoneal injections of aciclovir (25 mg/kg twice daily for 3 d), no significant differences in the systemic clearance of theophylline and its metabolic clearance to 1-methyluric acid and 1,3-dimethyluric acid were observed between the control and aciclovir-treated rats. This dosage of aciclovir did not change the activity of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylation, which is represented as CYP1A2 activity. In Western blot analysis, no significant change in the protein levels of hepatic CYP1A2 was observed between the control and aciclovir-treated rats. The present study suggests that aciclovir has no effect on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of theophylline and on the activity and expression of hepatic CYP1A2 in rats.
- Published
- 2007
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24. Effect of chitosan on gastrointestinal absorption of water-insoluble drugs following oral administration in rats.
- Author
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Nadai M, Tajiri C, Yoshizumi H, Suzuki Y, Zhao YL, Kimura M, Tsunekawa Y, and Hasegawa T
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Griseofulvin pharmacokinetics, Indomethacin pharmacokinetics, Rats, Solubility, Chitosan pharmacology, Griseofulvin administration & dosage, Indomethacin administration & dosage, Intestinal Absorption drug effects
- Abstract
Chitosan is widely used as a dietary weight-loss supplement in Japan. In the present study, we examined the effect of chitosan on the gastrointestinal absorption profiles of the water-insoluble drugs, indomethacin and griseofulvin, and the water-soluble drugs, acetaminophen and cephalexin, after oral administration in rats. Rats received oral administration of chitosan (5 mg/kg or 25 mg/kg) dissolved in 5% acetic acid or vehicle 15 min before oral administration of each drug. Chitosan at a dose of 25 mg/kg, but not 5 mg/kg, significantly decreased the plasma concentrations of indomethacin and griseofulvin after administration as a suspension with a significant delay of the time to reach maximum concentration compared to the corresponding control values (vehicle-pretreated rats). However, pretreatment of chitosan (25 mg/kg) did not change the pharmacokinetics of indomethacin administered as a solution. Further, the same dose of chitosan had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen. The gastrointestinal absorption profile of an amino-beta-lactam antibiotic, cephalexin, which is actively absorbed via carrier-mediated transport system, was also unchanged. The present findings at least suggest the possibility that chitosan at high dose reduces the gastrointestinal absorption of water-insoluble drugs such as indomethacin and griseofulvin, but not water-soluble drugs, by diminishing the surfactant-like effect of bile acids.
- Published
- 2006
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25. Involvement of the drug transporters p glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein Mrp2 in telithromycin transport.
- Author
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Yamaguchi S, Zhao YL, Nadai M, Yoshizumi H, Cen X, Torita S, Takagi K, Takagi K, and Hasegawa T
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibiotics, Antineoplastic metabolism, Biological Transport physiology, Cell Line, Tumor, Doxorubicin antagonists & inhibitors, Doxorubicin pharmacokinetics, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Liver drug effects, Membrane Transport Proteins, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 metabolism, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters metabolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacokinetics, Ketolides pharmacokinetics, Liver metabolism
- Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the role of P glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein (Mrp2) in the transport of telithromycin, a newly developed ketolide antibiotic, in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments revealed that the intracellular accumulation of telithromycin in adriamycin-resistant human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (K562/ADR) overexpressing P glycoprotein was significantly lower than that in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (K562/S) not expressing P glycoprotein. Cyclosporine significantly increased the intracellular accumulation of telithromycin in K562/ADR cells. When telithromycin was coadministered intravenously with cyclosporine in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, cyclosporine significantly delayed the disappearance of telithromycin from plasma and decreased its systemic clearance to 60% of the corresponding control values. Hepatobiliary excretion experiments revealed that cyclosporine almost completely inhibited the biliary clearance of telithromycin, suggesting that telithromycin is a substrate of P glycoprotein and a potential substrate of Mrp2. Moreover, the biliary clearance of telithromycin was significantly decreased by 80% in Eisai hyperbilirubinemic mutant rats with a hereditary deficiency in Mrp2, indicating that Mrp2, as well as P glycoprotein, plays an important role in the biliary excretion of telithromycin. When the effect of telithromycin on the biliary excretion of doxorubicin, a substrate of P glycoprotein and Mrp2, was examined in SD rats, telithromycin significantly decreased the biliary clearance of doxorubicin by 80%. Results obtained from this study indicate that telithromycin is a substrate of both P glycoprotein and Mrp2, and these transporters are involved in the hepatobiliary transport of telithromycin.
- Published
- 2006
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26. Horseradish peroxidase degrades lipid hydroperoxides and suppresses lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the presence of phenolic antioxidants.
- Author
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Shirasaka N, Ohnishi H, Sato K, Miyamoto R, Terashita T, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Enzyme Activation, Substrate Specificity, Antioxidants chemistry, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated chemistry, Horseradish Peroxidase chemistry, Lipid Peroxidation, Lipid Peroxides chemistry, Phenols chemistry
- Abstract
Linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAOOH) was effectively degraded by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the presence of quercetin. Several natural phenolic antioxidants, such as quercetin, capsaicin, and alpha-tocopherol, acted as good hydrogen donors in the peroxidase reaction that occurs during lipid hydroperoxide degradation. However, glutathione, which is a non-phenolic antioxidant that acts as a hydrogen donor for glutathione peroxidase, could not suppress lipid peroxidation in the presence of HRP. Lipid hydroperoxides generated from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were also degraded with HRP in the presence of quercetin, and oxidative decomposition of DHA was suppressed by this reaction.
- Published
- 2005
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27. The effects of maternal mild protein restriction on stroke incidence and blood pressure in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP).
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Otani L, Shirasaka N, Yoshizumi H, and Murakami T
- Subjects
- Animals, Birth Weight, Diet, Protein-Restricted, Female, Fetus metabolism, Hypertension physiopathology, Incidence, Longevity, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Inbred SHR, Risk Factors, Sodium Chloride pharmacology, Stroke epidemiology, Weight Gain, Blood Pressure physiology, Hypertension etiology, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Stroke etiology
- Abstract
The effect of maternal protein restriction during pregnancy on the offspring's blood pressure was assessed in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) which are genetically predisposed to hypertension and stroke. After the confirmation of pregnancy, the control group was given a 20% casein diet, and the low-protein group was fed a 9% casein diet. After the confirmation of delivery, commercial feed was given to both of the groups. No differences were seen between the control and low-protein offspring in regard to body weight, blood pressure elevation, or life span. One percent saline solution was put in the control and low-protein groups after the age of 11 weeks. Blood pressure increased markedly in the low-protein group, on the blood pressure level in the low-protein group on week 2 after salt loading (242+/-6 mmHg) was significantly higher than that in the control group (223+/-9 mmHg; p<0.05). The survival duration was significantly shorter in the low-protein group (113+/-4 days) than in the control group (135+/-22 days; p<0.05). These results suggest that maternal protein malnutrition in SHRSP exerted a high salt sensitivity and a malignant influence on stroke incidence on offspring.
- Published
- 2004
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28. Microbial synthesis of trans isomer of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from the chemically synthesized trans isomer of linolenic acid by a delta12 desaturase-defective mutant of Mortierella alpina 1S-4.
- Author
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Shirasaka N, Miyamoto S, Murakami T, Yoshizumi H, and Shimizu S
- Subjects
- Arachidonic Acid metabolism, Chromatography, Gas, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Hydrazines chemistry, Indicators and Reagents, Linseed Oil chemistry, Mass Spectrometry, Mutation genetics, Mutation physiology, Oxidation-Reduction, Silver Nitrate chemistry, Stereoisomerism, alpha-Linolenic Acid chemical synthesis, Eicosapentaenoic Acid biosynthesis, Fatty Acid Desaturases genetics, Fatty Acid Desaturases metabolism, Mortierella enzymology, Mortierella genetics, alpha-Linolenic Acid metabolism
- Abstract
The mono trans geometrical isomer of eicosapentaenoic acid, 5c,8c,11c,14c,17t-eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5delta5c,8c,11c,14c,17t), was synthesized by fatty acid microbial conversion using a delta12-desaturase defective mutant of an arachidonic acid (AA)-producing fungus, Mortierella alpina 1S-4. The substrate for the bioconversion, a geometrical isomer of linolenic acid, was prepared by isomerization of linseed oil methyl ester by the nitrous acid method, followed by purification on a AgNO3-silica gel column. The structure and double bond geometry were identified after hydrazine reduction followed by permanganate oxidation to 20:5delta5c,8c,11c,14c,17t. The biosynthetic route from 18:3delta6c,9c,12t to 20:5delta5c,8c,11c,14c,17t was presumed to mimic the route from linoleic acid to arachidonic acid.
- Published
- 2003
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29. Staged coronary artery bypass grafting after percutaneous angioplasty for intracranial vascular stenosis.
- Author
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Kihara S, Shimakura T, Tanaka SA, Hanayama N, Saito N, Hirasawa Y, Sugawara Y, Maeba S, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Aged, Angiography, Digital Subtraction, Brain Ischemia classification, Brain Ischemia diagnosis, Cerebral Angiography, Constriction, Pathologic, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Selection, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Stents, Stroke etiology, Stroke prevention & control, Stroke Volume, Time Factors, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, Angioplasty, Balloon methods, Brain Ischemia complications, Brain Ischemia therapy, Cerebral Arteries, Coronary Artery Bypass methods, Coronary Disease complications, Coronary Disease surgery
- Abstract
Objective: Cerebrovascular disease is commonly associated with coronary artery disease and is a major risk factor for cardiac surgery. Concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting and carotid endarterectomy may reduce the risk of stroke; however, this staged operation is effective only for extracranial lesions. The strategy for on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting for patients with intracranial vascular stenosis is still controversial., Methods: The subjects were 157 consecutive candidates for coronary artery bypass grafting who underwent computed tomography and digital subtraction cerebral angiography preoperatively to check for cerebrovascular disease. Additional single-photon emission computed tomography was performed to evaluate cerebral ischemia, according to the neurologist's request. Patients with diffuse intracranial vascular stenosis impossible to treat with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Patients with a circumflex coronary artery lesion first underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for cerebral vascular stenosis followed by secondary on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting., Results: Three patients were selected for staged operations. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed for 4 intracranial stenotic lesions. All lesions were dilated successfully, and no complications developed during or after the procedure. All patients tolerated staged coronary artery bypass grafting and were extubated within 1 day without any mental disturbance. No further neurologic complication occurred, and computed tomography performed postoperatively revealed no significant changes., Conclusion: Staged on-pump coronary bypass after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for cerebrovascular disease may reduce the risk of stroke during cardiopulmonary bypass, and it is useful especially in patients with intracranial cerebrovascular disease.
- Published
- 2001
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30. Inhibitory effects of capsaicinoids on fatty acid desaturation in a rat liver cell line.
- Author
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Nakano N, Shirasaka N, Masuoka K, Murakami T, Watanabe T, Kobata K, Shimizu S, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Line, Liver drug effects, Rats, Structure-Activity Relationship, Capsaicin analogs & derivatives, Capsaicin pharmacology, Capsicum chemistry, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated biosynthesis, Liver metabolism
- Abstract
The inhibitory effects of such vanillylamides as capsaicin and nine capsaicinoids on fatty acid desaturation in liver cells were investigated by using the cultured rat liver cell line, BRL-3A. When capsaicin was added to the medium, it had a relatively strong inhibitory effect on delta6 desaturation and clear inhibitory effects on delta5 and C24delta16 desaturation (delta16 desaturation of C24-polyunsaturated fatty acids). Capsaicinoids with side carbon chain lengths of C10:0 and C12:0 expressed the maximum inhibitory effects of the nine capsaicinoids on fatty acid desaturation in the BRL-3A cells. The inhibitory effects of the capsaicinoids were not correlated with their pungency.
- Published
- 2001
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31. Competitive incorporation of arachidonic acid analogs by cultured rat keratinocytes.
- Author
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Nakano N, Shirasaka N, Kurihara M, Takamatsu M, Murakami T, Yoshizumi H, Tsuboi R, and Ogawa H
- Subjects
- Animals, Arachidonic Acid metabolism, Arachidonic Acids chemistry, Binding, Competitive, Cell Line, Chromatography, Gas, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated chemistry, Rats, Arachidonic Acids metabolism, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated metabolism, Keratinocytes metabolism, Phospholipids biosynthesis
- Abstract
Arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) and its metabolic products, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, have been known to be associated with skin inflammatory reactions. However, the mechanism of the competitive incorporation of 20:4 n-6 into keratinocytes among polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) remains uncertain. To investigate the relationship between the molecular structure of PUFAs and the rate of incorporation of PUFAs into cells, a fetal rat skin keratinocyte (FRSK) cell line was used. The cells were incubated for 24 h with any two of the following arachidonic acid analogs: mead acid (20:3 n-9), dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3 n-6), 11,14,17-cis-eicosatrienoic acid (20:3 n-3), arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) and 5,8,11,14-cis-nonadecatetraenoic acid (19:4 n-5), at the ratio of 1:0, 0.5:0.5, or 0:1; and their incorporation into lipid was measured by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. The experiments indicated that 20:3 n-6 was preferentially incorporated into phospholipids of FRSK rather than 20:3 n-9 or 20:3 n-3, and 19:4 n-5 as well as 20:4 n-6 was preferentially incorporated into total cellular lipid and phospholipids rather than 20:3 n-9 or 20:5 n-3. When two PUFAs were added simultaneously to the medium, 19:4 n-5 most effectively reduced the competitive incorporation of 20:4 n-6 into phospholipids. These results suggest that keratinocytes discriminate 20:4 n-6 from other arachidonic acid analogs by its double bond positions from the carboxyl group.
- Published
- 2001
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32. Terson syndrome caused by ventricular hemorrhage associated with moyamoya disease--case report.
- Author
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Arakawa Y, Goto Y, Ishii A, Ueno Y, Kikuta K, Yoshizumi H, Katsuta H, Kenmochi S, and Yamagata S
- Subjects
- Adult, Cerebral Angiography, Cerebral Hemorrhage diagnosis, Cerebral Ventriculography, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Syndrome, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Vitreous Hemorrhage diagnosis, Cerebral Hemorrhage etiology, Cerebral Ventricles surgery, Moyamoya Disease complications, Vitreous Hemorrhage etiology
- Abstract
A 24-year-old female presented with Terson syndrome secondary to bilateral ventricular hemorrhage as a complication of moyamoya disease. Ophthalmoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging clearly demonstrated vitreous hemorrhage in the left eye globe. Various visual symptoms are associated with moyamoya disease, almost all of which result from ischemic lesions in the visual cortex and optic pathways. In this case, the visual disturbance was caused by Terson syndrome secondary to ventricular hemorrhage. Close ophthalmological and radiological evaluation is mandatory even in patients with moyamoya disease and hemorrhagic manifestation located in the intracerebral, subarachnoid, or intraventricular space.
- Published
- 2000
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33. Ascorbic acid stimulation of production of a highly branched ,beta-1,3-glucan by Aureobasidium pullulans K-1--oxalic acid, a metabolite of ascorbic acid as the stimulating substance.
- Author
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Hamada N, Deguchi K, Ohmoto T, Sakai K, Ohe T, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Ascorbic Acid metabolism, Glucans chemistry, Glucans isolation & purification, Mitosporic Fungi drug effects, Mitosporic Fungi growth & development, Ascorbic Acid pharmacology, Glucans biosynthesis, Mitosporic Fungi metabolism, Oxalic Acid pharmacology, beta-Glucans
- Abstract
The production of a highly branched beta-1,3-glucan by Aureobasidium pullulans K-1 in Czapek's medium has been found to be stimulated by ascorbic acid. When the culture supernatant, after removal of polysaccharide from the culture filtrate by ethanol precipitation, was concentrated, then added to a new medium and this strain was cultured in the medium, the polysaccharide production was stimulated the same as when L-ascorbic acid was added to the medium. The stimulating substance was partially purified from the supernatant, and was found to be oxalic acid; 0.03% oxalic acid was the most effective concentration for the stimulation of polysaccharide production. The stimulating substance, oxalic acid, was proved to be derived from ascorbic acid added to a medium in an experiment using L-[1-14C]ascorbic acid. We suggest that oxalic acid generated from the metabolism of ascorbic acid in cells of Aureobasidium pullulans K-1 participated in the stimulation of the polysaccharide production by ascorbic acid.
- Published
- 2000
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34. C19 odd-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUfas) are metabolized to C21-PUfas in a rat liver cell line, and curcumin, gallic acid, and their related compounds inhibit their desaturation.
- Author
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Nakano N, Shirasaka N, Koyama H, Hino M, Murakami T, Shimizu S, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Alkylation, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Chromatography, Gas, Curcumin analogs & derivatives, Gallic Acid analogs & derivatives, Microsomes, Liver drug effects, Models, Chemical, Rats, Rats, Inbred BUF, Curcumin pharmacology, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated metabolism, Gallic Acid pharmacology, Microsomes, Liver metabolism
- Abstract
It was demonstrated that the rat liver cell line BRL-3A converted exogenous C19 odd chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into the corresponding C21- and C23-PUFAs as follows: 21:3n-8, 21:4n-8, 23:3n-8, and 23:4n-8 (from 19:3n-8); 21:4n-5, 21:5n-5, 23:4n-5, and 23:5n-5 (from 19:4n-5); 21:5n-2, 21:6n-2, 23:5n-2, and 23:6n-2 (from 19:5n-2). It presumed that these C19 PUFAs were converted through the mimic route to docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) from eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3). In addition, the characterization of the change of fatty acid composition of cellular lipids in rat liver cells were examined, using 19:4n-5 and several fatty acid desaturation inhibitors. Curcumin related compounds, curcumin, capsaicin, isoeugenol, 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one, and gallic acid esters with near five carbon numbered alcohol had great changes of fatty acid composition of cellular lipids based on inhibition of the A6 desaturation of C24-PUFAs in rat liver cells.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
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35. Formation of 8,11,14-octadecatrienoic acid (18:3 n-4) from naturally occurring unique fatty acid, 9,12-hexadecadienoic acid (16:2 n-4), in animal cell cultures.
- Author
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Nakano N, Shirasaka N, Murakami T, Shimizu S, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Animals, Arachidonic Acid biosynthesis, Cells, Cultured, Chromatography, Gel, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified analysis, Fish Oils metabolism, Linoleic Acid metabolism, Liver cytology, Phosphatidylcholines analysis, Phosphatidylethanolamines analysis, Phosphatidylserines analysis, Phospholipids analysis, Phospholipids metabolism, Rats, Trichoderma chemistry, Triglycerides analysis, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated metabolism, Linolenic Acids metabolism, Liver metabolism
- Abstract
9,12-Hexadecadienoic acid (16:2 n-4), present in small amounts in fish oils as a naturally occurring unique fatty acid, was incorporated into the phospholipids in rat liver BRL-3A cells to a similar extent as linoleic acid (18:2 n-6). 11,14-Octadecadienoic acid (18:2 n-4) and 8,11,14-octadecatrienoic acid (18:3 n-4) were detected in the cellular lipids of BRL-3A cells when incubated in a medium supplemented with 16:2 n-4 methyl ester. The cellular levels of these acids increased in parallel with 16:2 n-4 methyl ester added to the medium. These compounds were probably formed through conversion from 16:2 n-4 to 16:3 n-4 by delta 6 desaturation, and then 18:3 n-4 was produced by elongation, and part of the surplus 16:2 n-4, not desaturated to 16:3 n-4, elongated to 18:2 n-4. These results suggested that 16:2 n-4 was desaturated by delta 6 desaturase in vitro. It was also shown that 16:2 n-4 inhibited arachidonic acid synthesis from exogenous linoleic acid in BRL-3A cells as efficiently as alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3).
- Published
- 1999
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36. RNA metabolism in uremic patients: accumulation of modified ribonucleosides in uremic serum. Technical note.
- Author
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Niwa T, Takeda N, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Female, Humans, Kidney Failure, Chronic blood, Kidney Failure, Chronic therapy, Kidney Failure, Chronic urine, Male, Reference Values, Uremia therapy, Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory, RNA blood, RNA urine, Renal Dialysis, Ribonucleosides blood, Uremia blood, Uremia urine
- Abstract
To determine the metabolism of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in uremia, serum and urine levels of ribonucleosides in uremic patients were analyzed using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The serum levels of xanthosine and all modified ribonucleosides were increased in undialyzed patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), and patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The serum level of pseudouridine was markedly increased in all the uremic patients especially CAPD patients (32 times higher than normal). By contrast, the serum level of adenosine did not show any significant change in the uremic patients. Interestingly, the serum and urine levels of inosine were significantly decreased in all the uremic patients, suggesting that the production of inosine is decreased in uremic patients. The serum level of uridine was significantly elevated only in the HD patients. The serum levels of all ribonucleosides except inosine and uridine decreased significantly after HD. The urinary excretion of inosine, 1-methyladenosine, 1-methylguanosine, N2,N2-dimethylguanosine and N4-acetylcytidine was significantly decreased in the CRF patients, leading to the accumulation of these modified ribonucleosides in the uremic serum. CAPD patients showed markedly increased serum levels of modified ribonucleosides such as pseudouridine, 1-methylinosine, and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine and N4-acetylcytidine as compared with the HD patients. These results demonstrate that there was an altered metabolism of RNA in uremic patients with marked accumulation of modified ribonucleosides.
- Published
- 1998
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37. Cell age distribution of erythrocytes at the incidence of cerebral stroke in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, and their glutathione peroxidase activity.
- Author
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Murakami T, Takemori K, Shirasaka N, Yoshizumi H, and Ito H
- Subjects
- Animals, Erythrocytes cytology, Male, Rats, Rats, Inbred SHR, Cerebrovascular Disorders blood, Cerebrovascular Disorders enzymology, Erythrocyte Aging physiology, Erythrocytes enzymology, Glutathione Peroxidase blood
- Abstract
To study the mechanism of the fall of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in erythrocyte after cerebral strokes in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP), erythrocytes were fractionated into low density erythrocytes (LD-E) and high density erythrocytes (HD-E) by a density gradient centrifugal method using Percoll solution, and fluctuation of the distribution ratio and changes of GSH-Px activity in fractionated erythrocytes were investigated. The distribution ratio of LD-E and HD-E in erythrocytes of SHRSP was about 4:1 at 5 weeks of age (n = 6), and the distribution to HD-E increased along with aging. While the distribution ratio was changed, however, there was no change in the GSH-Px activity in both LD-E and HD-E of erythrocytes. In senile, 30-week-old SHRSP (n = 4) with advanced hypertension, the GSH-Px activity in the HD-E was lower, in proportion to the increase of the distribution rate against HD-E. On the other hand, in SHRSP (n = 5) having cerebral stroke, the distribution ratio of LD-E and HD-E was about 1:4. The GSH-Px activity was 31.4 +/- 2.9 units/10(10) erythrocytes in LD-E, which was hardly different from the value of SHRSP without stroke (35.7 +/- 3.3 units/10(10) erythrocytes). In HD-E, however, the activity was 18.2 +/- 2.2 units/10(10) erythrocytes, being lower than the activity of SHRSP without stroke. At the moment when the GSH-Px activity had dropped to 17 units/mg hemoglobin, and the control diet was changed to one based on fish or a hydralazine treatment given, the activity recovered, and an increase in body weight and the distribution rate of the LD-E over HD-E was increased. It is clear from these experiments that the fall of erythrocyte GSH-Px activity observed after cerebral stroke is due to a decrease of LD-E and increase of HD-E, which has lowered activity. However, nothing definite is known on the relationship between the fall of GSH-Px activity in erythrocytes and disorder in cerebral tissue. It appears that the fall of the GSH-Px activity causes at least functional and structural changes in erythrocytes, which interfere with the delivery of oxygen to peripheral tissues, triggering oxidation stress in cerebral tissues.
- Published
- 1998
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38. Suppressive action of docosahexaenoic acid enriched-Euglena on reduction of endothelium-dependent relaxation in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP).
- Author
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Murakami T, Ogawa H, Hayashi M, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Animals, Antihypertensive Agents pharmacology, Blood Pressure drug effects, Body Weight drug effects, Cerebrovascular Disorders physiopathology, Docosahexaenoic Acids administration & dosage, Endothelium, Vascular physiology, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, In Vitro Techniques, Male, Mesenteric Arteries drug effects, Mesenteric Arteries physiology, Muscle Relaxation drug effects, Norepinephrine pharmacology, Rats, Rats, Inbred SHR, Rats, Inbred WKY, Vasoconstriction drug effects, Cerebrovascular Disorders genetics, Docosahexaenoic Acids pharmacology, Endothelium, Vascular drug effects, Euglena gracilis
- Abstract
Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were fed a diet containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched Euglena glacilis (DHA-Euglena) as the protein source from 5 weeks of age. The effects on endothelial functions were investigated by perfusion experimentation using mesenteric vasculature, and compared with the effects of antihypertensive drugs. (1) At 13 weeks of age, SHRSP fed the DHA-Euglena diet showed an average blood pressure of 220 mmHg, which was 20 mmHg lower (p < 0.05) than that in the control group, while SHRSP of the captopril-treated group (angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor: 200 mg/L drinking water) and hydralazine-treated group (vasodilator: 60 mg/L drinking water) showed marked hypotensive effects with blood pressures of 150-160 mmHg and 180-190 mmHg, respectively. (2) The constriction response to norepinephrine (NE) was lower (p < 0.01) in the mesenteric vasculature isolated from the DHA-Euglena-treated SHRSP than in that from the control group. (3) When the mesenteric vasculature isolated from 13-week-old SHRSP fed the DHA-Euglena diet was perfused with an acetylcholine solution (10(-6) M) in the presence of NE (8 x 10(-6) M), the relaxation rate was 81%, which was higher (p < 0.01) than that in the control group (61%). Among the antihypertensive-treated groups, the captopril-treated group gave nearly the same relaxation rate as the DHA-Euglena diet group, while the hydralazine-treated group indicated a slightly lower rate (65%). At 18 weeks of age, the endothelium-dependent relaxation of SHRSP in the control group was further reduced (28%), but in both the DHA-Euglena diet group and antihypertensive-treated groups, the relaxation rates were not substantially different from the levels at 13 weeks of age. Reduction of the endothelium function in SHRSP occurs due to aging and blood pressure elevation. However, by improving nutritional conditions by the feeding of a DHA-Euglena diet, the endothelial functions were protected without a fall in blood pressure unlike antihypertensive drugs. It is hence considered that nutritional improvement helps maintain a sound architecture for the vascular wall, thereby leading to the suppression and delay of onset of cerebrovascular diseases, and subsequently to the prolongation of life-span.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Association between a polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and microvascular complications in Japanese patients with NIDDM.
- Author
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Doi Y, Yoshizumi H, Yoshinari M, Iino K, Yamamoto M, Ichikawa K, Iwase M, and Fujishima M
- Subjects
- Alleles, Base Sequence, DNA Primers, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 enzymology, Diabetic Angiopathies enzymology, Diabetic Angiopathies epidemiology, Diabetic Nephropathies genetics, Diabetic Nephropathies therapy, Female, Genotype, Humans, Japan, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Proteinuria, Reference Values, Renal Dialysis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology, Diabetic Angiopathies genetics, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic
- Abstract
The relationship between diabetic nephropathy and an insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism in intron 16 of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is still under debate. The association of ACE gene polymorphism with nephropathy and retinopathy was therefore examined in 362 Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 105 healthy control subjects. Distribution of the ACE genotype did not differ between healthy control subjects and diabetic patients without complications. However, the frequency of the D allele was significantly higher in the diabetic subjects with nephropathy than in those without (0.32 in normoalbuminuric patients vs 0.44 in albuminuria patients with albuminuria) (chi 2 = 7.7; p = 0.006). There was no significant association between ACE genotype and retinopathy. These observations thus demonstrate a significant association of the ACE gene polymorphism with nephropathy, but not with retinopathy, in Japanese patients with NIDDM.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
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40. Synthesis of 2-deoxy-glucooligosaccharides through condensation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose by glucoamylase and alpha-glucosidase.
- Author
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Nakano H, Hamayasu K, Fujita K, Hara K, Ohi M, Yoshizumi H, and Kitahata S
- Subjects
- Aspergillus niger enzymology, Carbohydrate Sequence, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Deoxyglucose chemistry, Disaccharides chemistry, Disaccharides isolation & purification, Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase chemistry, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Hydrolysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Oligosaccharides chemical synthesis, Rhizopus enzymology, Starch, Substrate Specificity, Temperature, alpha-Glucosidases chemistry, Deoxyglucose metabolism, Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase metabolism, Oligosaccharides chemistry, Oligosaccharides metabolism, alpha-Glucosidases metabolism
- Abstract
Glucoamylases from Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus niveus catalyzed condensation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (dGlc) to yield deoxy-glucooligosaccharides with polymerization degrees of 2-5. The enzymes also gave a small amount of products from 3-deoxy-D-glucose, but no products from 6-deoxy-D-glucose. A. niger alpha-glucosidase also catalyzed condensation of dGlc, while Torula and Saccharomyces alpha-glucosidases had low activity. alpha-1,4-, 1,6-, and 1,3-linked deoxy-glucobioses were isolated and identified as the products of A. niger glucoamylase and A. niger alpha-glucosidase. In the reaction of the glucoamylase, 1,4- and 1,3-linked saccharides decreased with an increase of 1,6-linked one. A. niger alpha-glucosidase produced alpha-1,6-linked disaccharide predominantly during the whole course of the reaction.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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41. Prediction of stroke lesions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats by glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes.
- Author
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Murakami T, Takemori K, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Animals, Antihypertensive Agents pharmacology, Brain pathology, Cerebrovascular Disorders drug therapy, Cerebrovascular Disorders epidemiology, Cerebrovascular Disorders etiology, Diet, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Hydralazine pharmacology, Hypertension complications, Hypertension drug therapy, Incidence, Male, Rats, Cerebrovascular Disorders enzymology, Erythrocytes enzymology, Glutathione Peroxidase blood, Hypertension enzymology
- Abstract
The incipient timing of cerebral strokes in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) was biochemically determined by investigating the relationship between the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in erythrocytes and the extent of stroke lesions. When the blood pressure of SHRSPs was maintained at over 240 mmHg, the GSH-Px activity fell, and the body weight also decreased. In SHRSP whose GSH-Px activity in erythrocytes had dropped below 23 units/ml of blood, the incidence of cerebral strokes was 98% (n = 88/90). The hematocrit level did not change even after the GSH-Px activity had dropped to 23 units/ml of blood. The reduced GSH-Px activity in erythrocytes observed during continued hypertension was found to be due to a decrease in GSH-Px protein, and not to any inactivation of the enzyme, as evident from immunochemical titration. At the moment when the GSH-Px activity had dropped to 23 units/ml of blood, and the control diet was changed to one based on fish or a hydralazine treatment given, the activity recovered, and an increase in body weight and prolongation of the life-span were observed. It was deduced from these findings that tracing the GSH-Px activity in erythrocytes in SHRSP would serve as an indicator for predicting and prognosing stroke lesions.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Purification and some properties of a trehalase from a green alga, Lobosphaera sp.
- Author
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Nakano H, Moriwaki M, Washino T, Kino T, Yoshizumi H, and Kitahata S
- Subjects
- Carbohydrate Metabolism, Carbohydrate Sequence, Chromatography, Affinity, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Metals pharmacology, Microscopy, Electron, Molecular Sequence Data, Molecular Weight, Substrate Specificity, Temperature, Trehalase chemistry, Trehalase metabolism, Chlorophyta enzymology, Trehalase isolation & purification
- Abstract
An unicellular green alga identified as Lobosphaera sp. by morphological observations was selected as a source of trehalase. The alga grew well heterotrophically and produced intracellular trehalase using Polypepton, yeast extract, and glycerol as nutrients. The enzyme was highly purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, column chromatography on DEAE-Toyopearl, Sepharose CL-4B, and SP-Toyopearl. The molecular mass was estimated to be 400 kDa by gel filtration. SDS-PAGE indicated that the enzyme consisted of two subunits with a molecular mass range of 180-220 kDa and it contained carbohydrates. The enzyme was most active at pH 5.5 and at 65 degrees C and stable between pH 4-9 and below 65 degrees C. Fe3+ inactivated the enzyme. Sucrose was a competitive inhibitor with a Ki of 7.5 mM. The enzyme specifically hydrolyzed trehalase with a Km of 0.6 mM.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Tuberculous hypertrophic pachymeningitis involving the posterior fossa and high cervical region--case report.
- Author
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Yamashita K, Suzuki Y, Yoshizumi H, Takahashi JB, and Nogawa T
- Subjects
- Adult, Antitubercular Agents therapeutic use, Combined Modality Therapy, Cranial Fossa, Posterior, Craniotomy, Diagnosis, Differential, Dura Mater pathology, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Laminectomy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Medulla Oblongata pathology, Neurologic Examination, Spinal Cord pathology, Spinal Cord Compression diagnosis, Spinal Cord Compression pathology, Spinal Cord Compression surgery, Tuberculosis, Meningeal pathology, Tuberculosis, Meningeal surgery, Tuberculosis, Spinal pathology, Tuberculosis, Spinal surgery, Cervical Vertebrae pathology, Tuberculosis, Meningeal diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Spinal diagnosis
- Abstract
A 44-year-old female presented with a rare tuberculous hypertrophic pachymeningitis involving the posterior fossa and high cervical region manifesting as progressive multiple cranial nerve pareses and myelopathy developing over 6 months. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the thickened dura mater and associated syrinx. Despite decompressive craniectomy and antituberculous treatment, she died of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is probably best treated by the most extensive excision of affected dura mater possible, unless medical treatment can be instituted for an identifiable underlying causative disease.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A new approach to the integrity of dual blood-brain barrier functions of global ischemic rats. Barrier and carrier functions.
- Author
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Yoshizumi H, Fujibayashi Y, and Kikuchi H
- Subjects
- Animals, Male, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Time Factors, Blood-Brain Barrier physiology, Brain metabolism, Carbon Radioisotopes pharmacokinetics, Ischemic Attack, Transient physiopathology, Methyltyrosines pharmacokinetics, Sucrose pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
Background and Purpose: We studied the influence of reperfusion on carrier and barrier functions of the blood-brain barrier after transient global ischemia in rats., Methods: We used iodine-125-labeled 3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine and carbon-14-labeled sucrose as tracers for studying carrier and barrier functions of the blood-brain barrier, respectively. Brain uptakes of these two tracers were measured in Wistar rats subjected to either 15- or 30-minute four-vessel occlusion developed by Pulsinelli and Brierly before recirculation for 3, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Tracer (5 microCi) was injected intravenously in each rat 30 minutes before killing the animal., Results: Following 15- or 30-minute ischemia, [14C]sucrose uptakes were significantly higher at 3 and 6 hours of reperfusion before recovery to control values after reperfusing for 24 to 48 hours in almost all brain regions. However, a rebound in radioligand uptake was significantly manifested in some sites at 72 hours after reperfusion (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). Uptakes of 125I-3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine were brain site-dependent: significantly (p < 0.05) higher in cortex (3 and 48 hours after reperfusion) and thalamus (3, 6, and 48 hours after reperfusion) but significantly (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01) lower in striatum, cortex (72 hours after reperfusion), and midbrain (6, 24, and 72 hours after reperfusion). Because the [14C]sucrose uptake in brain was 10% lower than that of 125I-3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine, the change in absolute transport of the latter tracer was approximated to its brain uptake., Conclusions: The carrier and barrier functions of the blood-brain barrier should be evaluated separately. The radioligand 125I-3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine may serve as a useful tool to evaluate the carrier function of the blood-brain barrier after transient cerebral ischemia in rats.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations--case report.
- Author
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Yamashita K, Suzuki Y, Yoshizumi H, Takahashi J, and Nogawa T
- Subjects
- Brain diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Angiography, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Cerebral Arteries abnormalities, Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations diagnosis
- Abstract
Multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations occurred in a 48-year-old male complaining of headache, after orthopedic treatment for a leg fracture. He was free from neurological deficits and signs of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Postcontrast computed tomography showed two abnormally enhanced lesions in the right occipital and left parietal regions. Magnetic resonance imaging showed these lesions as tiny vascular flow void signs, with neither new nor old hemorrhages. Angiography showed these lesions to be arteriovenous malformations. He declined treatment, and was followed as an outpatient.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Effects of enoxacin on renal and metabolic clearance of theophylline in rats.
- Author
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Nadai M, Hasegawa T, Kuzuya T, Muraoka I, Takagi K, and Yoshizumi H
- Subjects
- Animals, Enoxacin analogs & derivatives, Enoxacin metabolism, Kidney drug effects, Kidney metabolism, Male, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, Theophylline blood, Theophylline urine, Uric Acid analogs & derivatives, Uric Acid pharmacokinetics, Enoxacin pharmacology, Theophylline pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
The effects of enoxacin and its metabolite 4-oxoenoxacin on the disposition of theophylline were investigated in rats. Systemic clearance of theophylline was significantly decreased by approximately 40, 46, and 50% after oral coadministration of 25, 100, and 200 mg of enoxacin per kg, respectively. No significant changes in the volume of distribution of theophylline were observed. 4-Oxoenoxacin had no direct effect on theophylline disposition. Significant changes in urinary excretion of theophylline and its metabolites were observed. (i) Urinary excretion of unchanged theophylline was significantly increased in proportion to increases in enoxacin dosage. (ii) Decreases in renal clearance of theophylline and metabolic clearance of 1-methyluric acid and 1,3-dimethyluric acid were observed. (iii) The percent decreases in the metabolic clearance of 1-methyluric acid were dependent on enoxacin dosage. It is likely that enoxacin inhibits the elimination process, which depends on cytochrome P-450-mediated isozymes for N demethylation and oxidation, and that the capacity of the inhibitory effect of enoxacin is greater in the N-demethylation pathway than it is in oxidation.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. High-level secretion of a Rhizopus niveus aspartic proteinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Author
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Horiuchi H, Ashikari T, Amachi T, Yoshizumi H, Takagi M, and Yano K
- Subjects
- Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases metabolism, Base Sequence, Extracellular Space metabolism, Fungal Proteins genetics, Fungal Proteins metabolism, Fungi genetics, Gene Expression, Genes physiology, Introns physiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Proteins genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Transfection, Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases genetics, Fungi enzymology, Saccharomyces cerevisiae enzymology
- Abstract
The gene encoding an extracellular Rhizopus niveus aspartic proteinase I (RNAP-I) was introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeast cell carrying a plasmid containing the intact RNAP-I gene under the control of the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene promoter of S. cerevisiae did not synthesize RNAP-I at all. On the other hand, when the intron of the RNAP-I gene had been removed from the gene in the plasmid, the cell secreted RNAP-I with high efficiency. Processing of the pro-sequence occurred at the same region of the pro-enzyme during cultivation as observed in the culture of R. niveus. Moreover, the promoter and the terminator of the original RNAP-I gene were found to be weakly functional in the yeast cell with respect to expression of the intronless RNAP-I gene, although the initiation and termination sites were heterogeneous. The effects of vector-types on the extracellular production of RNAP-I were also investigated.
- Published
- 1990
48. Difference in age distribution of antibody to herpes simplex virus in Fukuoka, Manila and Busan.
- Author
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Hayashi Y, Nagata M, Yoshizumi H, Mori R, Navarro CV, and Yang HD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Japan, Korea, Middle Aged, Philippines, Antibodies, Viral analysis, Simplexvirus immunology
- Abstract
Age distribution of antibody to herpes simplex virus (HSV) in Fukuoka, Manila and Busan was investigated by the neutralization test. The results show that a large number of young people lack antibody to HSV in Fukuoka, but not in Manila or Busan. In Manila and Busan, the rates of positive neutralizing antibody to HSV in younger generations are maintained at high levels, showing a significant difference from that of Fukuoka. Such difference is considered to have been derive from the different socioeconomical standards and sanitary conditions.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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