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1. The impact of low-mode symmetry on inertial fusion energy output in the burning plasma state

Author

Ralph, J. E., Ross, J. S., Zylstra, A. B., Kritcher, A. L., Robey, H. F., Young, C. V., Hurricane, O. A., Pak, A., Callahan, D. A., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Pape, S. Le, Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H. W., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Geppert-Kleinrath, H., Geppert-Kleinrath, V., Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K. D., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T. J., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H. G., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Trosseille, C., Tubman, E. R., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Published
2024
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2. Experiments conducted in the burning plasma regime with inertial fusion implosions

Author

Ross, J. S., Ralph, J. E., Zylstra, A. B., Kritcher, A. L., Robey, H. F., Young, C. V., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Doeppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Pape, S. Le, Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Hopkins, L. Berzak, Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Johnson, M. Gatu, Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Kleinrath, H. Geppert, Kleinrath, V. Geppert, Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J. -M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

An experimental program is currently underway at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to compress deuterium and tritium (DT) fuel to densities and temperatures sufficient to achieve fusion and energy gain. The primary approach being investigated is indirect drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF), where a high-Z radiation cavity (a hohlraum) is heated by lasers, converting the incident energy into x-ray radiation which in turn drives the DT fuel filled capsule causing it to implode. Previous experiments reported DT fuel gain exceeding unity [O.A. Hurricane et al., Nature 506, 343 (2014)] and then exceeding the kinetic energy of the imploding fuel [S. Le Pape et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 245003 (2018)]. We report on recent experiments that have achieved record fusion neutron yields on NIF, greater than 100 kJ with momentary fusion powers exceeding 1PW, and have for the first time entered the burning plasma regime where fusion alpha-heating of the fuel exceeds the energy delivered to the fuel via compression. This was accomplished by increasing the size of the high-density carbon (HDC) capsule, increasing energy coupling, while controlling symmetry and implosion design parameters. Two tactics were successful in controlling the radiation flux symmetry and therefore the implosion symmetry: transferring energy between laser cones via plasma waves, and changing the shape of the hohlraum. In conducting these experiments, we controlled for known sources of degradation. Herein we show how these experiments were performed to produce record performance, and demonstrate the data fidelity leading us to conclude that these shots have entered the burning plasma regime.

Published
2021

3. Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion

Author

Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Kritcher, A. L., Ralph, J. E., Robey, H. F., Ross, J. S., Young, C. V., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Geppert Kleinrath, H., Geppert Kleinrath, V., Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Trosseille, C., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Published
2022
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4. Exploring magnetized liner inertial fusion with a semi-analytic model

Author

McBride, R. D., Slutz, S. A., Vesey, R. A., Gomez, M. R., Sefkow, A. B., Hansen, S. B., Knapp, P. F., Schmit, P. F., Geissel, M., Harvey-Thompson, A. J., Jennings, C. A., Harding, E. C., Awe, T. J., Rovang, D. C., Hahn, K. D., Martin, M. R., Cochrane, K. R., Peterson, K. J., Rochau, G. A., Porter, J. L., Stygar, W. A., Campbell, E. M., Nakhleh, C. W., Herrmann, M. C., Cuneo, M. E., and Sinars, D. B.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

In this paper, we explore magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF) [S. A. Slutz et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 056303 (2010)] using a semi-analytic model [R. D. McBride and S. A. Slutz, Phys. Plasmas 22, 052708 (2015)]. Specifically, we present simulation results from this model that: (a) illustrate the parameter space, energetics, and overall system efficiencies of MagLIF; (b) demonstrate the dependence of radiative loss rates on the radial fraction of the fuel that is preheated; (c) explore some of the recent experimental results of the MagLIF program at Sandia National Laboratories [M. R. Gomez et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 155003 (2014)]; (d) highlight the experimental challenges presently facing the MagLIF program; and (e) demonstrate how increases to the preheat energy, fuel density, axial magnetic field, and drive current could affect future MagLIF performance., Comment: Published in Physics of Plasmas [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4939479]

Published
2015
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5. Publisher Correction: Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion

Author

Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Kritcher, A. L., Ralph, J. E., Robey, H. F., Ross, J. S., Young, C. V., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Geppert Kleinrath, H., Geppert Kleinrath, V., Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Trosseille, C., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Published
2022
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6. Novel beryllium-scintillator, neutron-fluence detector for magnetized liner inertial fusion experiments

Author

Ruiz, C. L., primary, Styron, J. D., additional, Fehl, D. L., additional, Hahn, K. D., additional, McWatters, B., additional, Mangan, M. A., additional, Cooper, G. W., additional, Vaughan, J. D., additional, Chandler, G. A., additional, Jones, B. M., additional, Torres, J. A., additional, Slutz, S. A., additional, Ampleford, D. J., additional, Gomez, M. R., additional, Harding, E., additional, Harvey-Thompson, A. J., additional, and Knapp, P. F., additional

Published
2019
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7. Fusion-neutron measurements for magnetized liner inertial fusion experiments on the Z accelerator

Author

Hahn, K D, primary, Chandler, G A, additional, Ruiz, C L, additional, Cooper, G W, additional, Gomez, M R, additional, Slutz, S, additional, Sefkow, A B, additional, Sinars, D B, additional, Hansen, S B, additional, Knapp, P F, additional, Schmit, P F, additional, Harding, E, additional, Jennings, C A, additional, Awe, T J, additional, Geissel, M, additional, Rovang, D C, additional, Torres, J A, additional, Bur, J A, additional, Cuneo, M E, additional, Glebov, V Yu, additional, Harvey-Thompson, A J, additional, Herrman, M C, additional, Hess, M H, additional, Johns, O, additional, Jones, B, additional, Lamppa, D C, additional, Lash, J S, additional, Martin, M R, additional, McBride, R D, additional, Peterson, K J, additional, Porter, J L, additional, Reneker, J, additional, Robertson, G K, additional, Rochau, G A, additional, Savage, M E, additional, Smith, I C, additional, Styron, J D, additional, and Vesey, R A, additional

Published
2016
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8. Heavy-ion fusion driver research at Berkeley and Livermore

Author

Seidl, P, Bangerter, R O, Celata, C M, Chupp, W W, De la Rama, F, Eylon, S, Faltens, A, Fessenden, T J, Fawley, W M, Ghiorso, W, Hahn, K D, Henestroza, E, Hipple, R, Judd, D, MacLaren, S, Peters, C, Reginato, L, Vanecek, D L, Stoker, J D, Yu, S, Barnard, J J, Cable, M D, Callahan, D A, Cianciolo, V, Deadrick, F J, Debeling, A, Friedman, A, Grote, D P, Holm, K A, Hopkins, H A, Karpenko, V P, Kirbie, H C, Longinotti, D B, Lund, S M, Nattrass, L A, Nelson, M B, Newton, M A, Sangster, T C, and Sharp, W M

Subjects
Accelerators and Storage Rings
Published
1996

9. Magnetically Driven Implosions for Inertial Confinement Fusion at Sandia National Laboratories

Author

Cuneo, M. E., primary, Herrmann, M. C., additional, Sinars, D. B., additional, Slutz, S. A., additional, Stygar, W. A., additional, Vesey, R. A., additional, Sefkow, A. B., additional, Rochau, G. A., additional, Chandler, G. A., additional, Bailey, J. E., additional, Porter, J. L., additional, McBride, R. D., additional, Rovang, D. C., additional, Mazarakis, M. G., additional, Yu, E. P., additional, Lamppa, D. C., additional, Peterson, K. J., additional, Nakhleh, C., additional, Hansen, S. B., additional, Lopez, A. J., additional, Savage, M. E., additional, Jennings, C. A., additional, Martin, M. R., additional, Lemke, R. W., additional, Atherton, B. W., additional, Smith, I. C., additional, Rambo, P. K., additional, Jones, M., additional, Lopez, M. R., additional, Christenson, P. J., additional, Sweeney, M. A., additional, Jones, B., additional, McPherson, L. A., additional, Harding, E., additional, Gomez, M. R., additional, Knapp, P. F., additional, Awe, T. J., additional, Leeper, R. J., additional, Ruiz, C. L., additional, Cooper, G. W., additional, Hahn, K. D., additional, McKenney, J., additional, Owen, A. C., additional, McKee, G. R., additional, Leifeste, G. T., additional, Ampleford, D. J., additional, Waisman, E. M., additional, Harvey-Thompson, A., additional, Kaye, R. J., additional, Hess, M. H., additional, Rosenthal, S. E., additional, and Matzen, M. K., additional

Published
2012
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10. Transverse combining of 4 beams in MBE-4

Author

Celata, C M, Chupp, W W, Faltens, A, Fawley, W M, Ghiorso, W, Hahn, K D, Henestroza, E, Peters, C, and Seidl, P

Subjects
Accelerators and Storage Rings
Published
1995

11. Differential-outputB-dot andD-dot monitors for current and voltage measurements on a 20-MA, 3-MV pulsed-power accelerator

Author

Wagoner, T. C., primary, Stygar, W. A., additional, Ives, H. C., additional, Gilliland, T. L., additional, Spielman, R. B., additional, Johnson, M. F., additional, Reynolds, P. G., additional, Moore, J. K., additional, Mourning, R. L., additional, Fehl, D. L., additional, Androlewicz, K. E., additional, Bailey, J. E., additional, Broyles, R. S., additional, Dinwoodie, T. A., additional, Donovan, G. L., additional, Dudley, M. E., additional, Hahn, K. D., additional, Kim, A. A., additional, Lee, J. R., additional, Leeper, R. J., additional, Leifeste, G. T., additional, Melville, J. A., additional, Mills, J. A., additional, Mix, L. P., additional, Moore, W. B. S., additional, Peyton, B. P., additional, Porter, J. L., additional, Rochau, G. A., additional, Rochau, G. E., additional, Savage, M. E., additional, Seamen, J. F., additional, Serrano, J. D., additional, Sharpe, A. W., additional, Shoup, R. W., additional, Slopek, J. S., additional, Speas, C. S., additional, Struve, K. W., additional, Van De Valde, D. M., additional, and Woodring, R. M., additional

Published
2008
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12. On the absolute calibration of a DT fusion neutron yield diagnostic.

Author

Ruiz, C. L., Leeper, R. J., Cooper, G. W., Chandler, G. A., Cox, C. M., Doyle, B. L., Fehl, D. L., Hahn, K. D., McWatters, B. R., Nelson, A. J., Smelser, R. M., Snow, C. S., Torres, J. A., Kilkenney, J. D., and Bleuel, D. L.

Subjects
INERTIAL confinement fusion, NEUTRONS, COPPER, POSITRONS
Abstract

Recent advances in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's National Ignition Facility (NIF) have underscored the need for accurate total yield measurements of DT neutrons because yield measurements provide a measure of the predicted performance of the experiments. Future gas-puff DT experiments at Sandia National Laboratory's Z facility will also require similar measurements. For ICF DT experiments, the standard technique for measuring the neutron (14.1 MeV) yield, counts the activity (counts/minute) induced in irradiated copper samples. This activity occurs by the 63Cu(n, 2n)62Cu reaction where 62Cu decays by positrons (β+) with a half-life of 9.67 minutes. The calibrations discussed here employ the associated-particle method (APM), where the α(4He) particles from the T(d,n)4He reaction are measured to infer neutron fluxes on a copper sample. The flux induces 62Cu activity, measured in a coincidence counting system. The method leads to a relationship between a DT neutron yield and copper activity known as the F-factor. The goal in future experiments is to apply this calibration to measure the yield at NIF with a combined uncertainty approaching 5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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16. NMR study of the interaction between the lac repressor and the lac operator.

Author

Buck F, Hahn KD, Zemann W, Rüterjans H, Sadler JR, Beyreuther K, Kaptein R, Scheek R, and Hull WE

Subjects
Bacterial Proteins analysis, Base Composition, Chemical Phenomena, Chemistry, DNA, Bacterial analysis, Escherichia coli metabolism, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Peptide Fragments analysis, Lac Operon, Repressor Proteins isolation & purification, Transcription Factors isolation & purification
Abstract

Binding of the lac repressor headpiece, the N-terminal region of the lac repressor, to the lac operator of Escherichia coli was studied by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Two DNA fragments, of 51 base pairs and 62 base pairs, containing the lac operator region, were investigated. The signals of their hydrogen-bonded imino protons were well resolved in the 500-MHz NMR spectra. The spectra of the free lac operator DNA are similar to those obtained from ring-current-shift calculations for a B-DNA structure. Complex formation with the headpiece led to small but nevertheless characteristic changes in the spectra. The fact that very few imino resonances shifted upon addition of headpiece, as well as the variety in direction and size of these chemical shifts, indicate the formation of a specific complex between the lac repressor and the lac operator. The observed changes in the resonance positions exclude the intercalation of tyrosine residues of the headpiece between adjacent base pairs of the lac operator as well as the formation of a cruciform structure. They rather reflect a small conformational transition in the DNA itself, caused for example by an alteration in the tilt of a few base pairs or a shift of the keto-enol tautomeric equilibrium of the bases towards the enolic form.

Published
1983
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17. 1H NMR study of the interaction of bacteriophage lambda Cro protein with the OR3 operator. Evidence for a change of the conformation of the OR3 operator on binding.

Author

Kirpichnikov MP, Hahn KD, Buck F, Rüterjans H, Chernov BK, Kurochkin AV, Skryabin KG, and Bayev AA

Subjects
Base Composition, Base Sequence, Escherichia coli genetics, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy methods, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Viral Proteins, Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins, Bacteriophage lambda genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins, Operon, Repressor Proteins genetics, Transcription Factors genetics
Abstract

The specific complex between the lambda phage OR3 operator and the Cro protein has been studied by proton NMR spectroscopy at 500 MHz. The DNA imino proton resonances of this complex have been assigned to specific base pairs using the known assignments of these resonances for the free operator. Increase of the protein/DNA ratio to complete saturation of the OR3 operator with the Cro protein made it possible to follow the shift changes of the resonances. Ambiguities were resolved by nuclear Overhauser effect measurements on the complex. The shifts of the imino proton resonance positions provide information on the changes induced in the conformation of the operator upon complex formation with a dimer of the Cro protein. The most striking shift occurs for the central (GC 9) base pair, which is known to have no direct contacts with the Cro protein. This shift may be induced by a bend in the OR3 operator DNA at the GC 9 base pair to accommodate the operator for the binding of the Cro protein dimer. The imino proton resonances of two additional base pairs can be observed in the complex, demonstrating an overall stabilization of the DNA structure by the binding of the Cro protein.

Published
1984
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