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© Crop Science Society of America | 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA All rights reserved. Increased amylose in wheat (Triticum ssp.) starch is associated with increased resistant starch, a fermentable dietary fiber. Fermentation of resistant starch in the large intestine produces short-chain fatty acids that are associated with human health benefits. Since wheat foods are an important component of the human diet, increases in amylose and resistant starch in wheat grains have the potential to deliver health benefits to a large number of people. In three replicated field trials we found that mutations in starch branching enzyme II genes (SBEIIa and SBEIIb) in both A and B genomes (SBEIIa/b-AB) of durum wheat [T. turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] resulted in large increases of amylose and resistant starch content. The presence of these four mutations was also associated with an average 5% reduction in kernel weight (P = 0.0007) and 15% reduction in grain yield (P = 0.06) compared to the wild type. Complete milling and pasta quality analysis showed that the mutant lines have an acceptable quality with positive effects on pasta firmness and negative effects on semolina extraction and pasta color. Positive fermentation responses were detected in rats (Rattus spp.) fed with diets incorporating mutant wheat flour. This study quantifies benefits and limitations associated with the deployment of the SBEIIa/b-AB mutations in durum wheat and provides the information required to develop realistic strategies to deploy durum wheat varieties with increased levels of amylose and resistant starch.

This book investigates why women choose ‘birth outside the system’ and makes connections between women’s right to choose where they birth and violations of human rights within maternity care systems. Choosing to birth at home can force women out of mainstream maternity care, despite research supporting the safety of this option for low risk women attended by midwives. When homebirth is not supported as a birthplace option, women will defy mainstream medical advice, and if a midwife is not available choose either an unregulated careprovider or birth without assistance. This book examines the circumstances and drivers behind why women nevertheless choose homebirth by bringing legal and ethical perspectives together with the latest research on high risk homebirth (breech and twin births), freebirth, birth with unregulated careproviders and the oppression of midwives who support unorthodox choices. Stories from women who have pursued alternatives in Australia, Europe, Russia, the UK, the US, Canada, the Middle East and India are woven through the research. Insight and practical strategies are shared by doctors, midwives, lawyers, anthropologists, sociologists and psychologists on how to manage the tension between professional obligations and women’s right to bodily autonomy. This book, the first of its kind, is an important contribution to considerations of place of birth and human rights in childbirth.

Cet article etudie la place de Georges Balandier dans la formation de l’approche situationnelle en anthropologie, a partir de la problematique politique introduite avec le concept de « situation coloniale » dans les annees 1950 et du point de vue epistemologique, pour l’enquete sur les contextes de « contacts culturels » urbains et politiques en Afrique. Ces deux questions ont rapproche les etudes africaines francaises et britanniques dans les annees 1950 et 1960.

Influencée dès mes premières années d'études par Georges Balandier, je décidai très tôt d'inscrire mon travail dans une anthropologie politique du religieux. Mon premier terrain fut le Sénégal, comme lui, où je m'attelai à comprendre les dynamiques, mutations et enjeux des groupes islamiques puis chrétiens évangéliques de jeunes urbains. De Dakar à Ouagadougou, de Rabat à Alger, mes recherches sur les pratiques religieuses contemporaines, dans les espaces publics ou privés, ont toujours été marquées par cette figure originelle, et je fus fière et heureuse d'avoir croisé sa route, quelques temps, au Centre d'études africaines qu'il avait fondé.