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AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of macular edema(ME)secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO).METHODS: From March 2016 to May 2018, 86 patients(86 eyes)with BRVO secondary macular edema were selected. 43 patients(43 eyes)were divided into the study group and the control group. Patients in the control group were treated with intravitreal injection of razumab, while patients in the study group were treated with intravitreal injection of conbercept. The patients were followed up for 6mo. The central macular thickness(CMT)and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)were compared before treatment(T0), 1mo after treatment(T1), 3mo after treatment(T2), 6mo after treatment(T3). The number of injections and complications were recorded during the follow-up period.RESULTS: At 1mo, 3mo and 6mo after treatment, the levels of LogMAR BCVA(0.57±0.29, 0.42±0.21, 0.38±0.12)and CMT(343.56±46.23, 316.68±38.25, 283.56±29.47μm)in the study group were compared with those in the control group(BCVA: 0.58±0.30, 0.43±0.23, 0.40±0.13). The comparison of CMT: 345.47±46.53, 317.83±38.46, 284.34±29.56μm showed no statistical difference(PSymbol～@@0.05); the average number of injections in the study group was(2.25±1.16)times, which was significantly lower than that in the control group \〖(4.37±1.58)times, PCONCLUSION: Vitreous injection of conbercept is effective and safe in the treatment of ME secondary to BRVO, and can significantly reduce the number of injections.

BackgroundThe DLG3 gene encodes disks large membrane-associated guanylate kinase scaffold protein 3, which plays essential roles in the clustering of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) at excitatory synapses. Previously, DLG3 has been identified as the causative gene of X-linked intellectual developmental disorder—90 (XLID-90; OMIM# 300850). This study aims to explore the phenotypic spectrum of DLG3 and the genotype-phenotype correlation.MethodsTrios-based whole-exome sequencing was performed in patients with epilepsy of unknown causes. To analyze the genotype-phenotype correlations, previously reported DLG3 variants were systematically reviewed.ResultsDLG3 variants were identified in seven unrelated cases with epilepsy. These variants had no hemizygous frequencies in controls. All variants were predicted to be damaging by silico tools and alter the hydrogen bonds with surrounding residues and/or protein stability. Four cases mainly presented with generalized seizures, including generalized tonic-clonic and myoclonic seizures, and the other three cases exhibited secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures and focal seizures. Multifocal discharges were recorded in all cases during electroencephalography monitoring, including the four cases with generalized discharges initially but multifocal discharges after drug treating. Protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that DLG3 interacts with 52 genes with high confidence, in which the majority of disease-causing genes were associated with a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) and epilepsy. Three patients with variants locating outside functional domains all achieved seizure-free, while the four patients with variants locating in functional domains presented poor control of seizures. Analysis of previously reported cases revealed that patients with non-null variants presented higher percentages of epilepsy than those with null variants, suggesting a genotype-phenotype correlation.SignificanceThis study suggested that DLG3 variants were associated with epilepsy with/without NDD, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of DLG3. The observed genotype-phenotype correlation potentially contributes to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving phenotypic variation.

Abstract Objectives Previous studies have analyzed the potential effect of KCNQ1 rs2237892 polymorphism on the predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the findings are inconclusive and the subject of debate. The purpose of our study was to provide further insight into the potential association between KCNQ1 rs2237892 polymorphism and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods In total, 50 articles (60 studies) with 77,276 cases and 76,054 controls were utilized in our analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and p value were used to evaluate the significance of our findings. Funnel plots and Beggar’s regression tests were utilized to determine the presence of publication bias. Results Our meta-analysis results indicated that KCNQ1 rs2237892 polymorphism could be correlated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus under the C allelic, recessive, and dominant genetic models (OR = 1.25, 95% 1.19–1.32, p

Gas/particle (G/P) partitioning process is an important factor governing the transport and fate of chemicals in the atmosphere. Based on a large dataset of more than 700 pairs of air samples in gaseous and particulate phases with a wide ambient temperature range of 60 °C from −22 °C to +38 °C obtained from our Chinese POPs Soil and Air Monitoring Program, Phase 2 (China-SAMP-II), we investigated G/P partitioning behavior of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs) in Chinese air. We derived for the first time empirical equations to predict the values of slopes and intercepts for both subcooled-liquid–vapor-pressure (PL)-based and octanol-air-partition-coefficient (KOA)-based models as functions of temperature, and thus predicted partition quotient (KP) without assuming an equilibrium status and free of artifacts. These equations have been successfully applied to predict the values of KP for PBDEs in air of China and other countries in the north temperate zone (NTZ) and also at an Arctic site in East Greenland, and our results matched the monitoring data well at background, rural, urban, and suburban sites, but not at e-waste sites due to the unpredictable PBDE emissions at these sites. Our equations predicted that the ranges of slopes were 0.02–0.82 for log KP−log KOA plots and −0.82 to −0.02 for log KP−log PL plots at temperatures ranged of 60 °C from −22 °C to +38 °C. Our new KOA-based equation was compared with the Harner–Bidleman equation that was derived at a condition of equilibrium, and the results indicated that our new equation has a better performance than the Harner–Bidleman equation in describing G/P partitioning behavior of PBDEs in air as functions of log KOA. We also found for the first time that the G/P partitioning of PBDE congeners would become saturated in the particulate phase respect to the gas phase if the ambient temperature is low enough. A criterion to classify the equilibrium and nonequilibrium status for PBDEs was also established using log KOA. The study presented in this paper provides a useful tool for environmental scientists in both monitoring and modeling research on G/P partitioning behavior for PBDEs in air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]