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The atmospheric input of up to 16 trace and other elements into the North Sea is further assessed from aerosol concentrations measured at a coastal station in Belgium, on ships during two cruises, and on a platform, in the years 1992-1994. The Slinn and Slinn model is used to calculate the dry deposition from the measured aerosol concentrations. The total (dry and wet) deposition into the North Sea environment is estimated to be (in tonnes per year): 560 for V, 1300 for Cr, 650 for Ni, 690 for Cu, 3500 for Zn and 1970 for Pb. The 'giant' particles dominate the fluxes. The atmospheric contribution to the total input into the North Sea, including riverine inputs and direct discharges, are estimated to be 28% for Cu, 29% for Zn and 57% for Pb. The inputs estimated from the experimental data are compared with results from a model applied for the same area and period. The experimental and the model results agree within 56%, which is considered as 'satisfactory' in view of both the experimental and the model uncertainties.

Aerosol particle size distributions were measured during the MAPTIP (Marine Aerosol Properties and Thermal Imager Performance Trial) experiment at Hr.Ms. Tydeman. Extinction coefficients were calculated using a Mie routine. The analysis shows that the TNO local MPN aerosol model accurately predicts the aerosol extinction for data in its range of validity. The applicability of the MPN model decreases outside its limits for geographical region and environmental parameters. The model is compared to the Navy Aerosol Model. The chemical composition of the aerosol during MAPTIP is discussed in terms of geography and environmental parameters.

X-Ray Spectrometry: Recent Technological Advances covers the latest developments and areas of research in the methodological and instrumental aspects of x-ray spectrometry. Includes the most advanced and high-tech aspects of the chemical analysis techniques based on x-rays Introduces new types of X-ray optics and X-ray detectors, covering history, principles, characteristics and future trends Written by internationally recognized scientists, all of whom are eminent specialists in each of the sub-fields Sections include: X-Ray Sources, X-Ray Optics, X-Ray Detectors, Special Configurations, New Computerization Methods, New Applications This valuable book will assist all analytical chemists and other users of x-ray spectrometry to fully exploit the capabilities of this set of powerful analytical tools and to further expand applications in such fields as material and environmental sciences, medicine, toxicology, forensics, archaeometry and many others.