6 results on '"Körner, Markus"'
Search Results
2. BIM och digitalisering i byggprocessen : Automatisering av kostnadskalkylsberäkning i projekteringfasen
- Author
-
Körner, Markus
- Subjects
construction ,digitalisering ,konstruktion ,Cost estimate ,interoperabilitet ,designing ,interoperability ,arbetsmetoder och arbetsprocesser ,Architectural Engineering ,C# ,digitalization ,programming ,automatization ,work methods and work processes ,Kostnadskalkyl ,automatisering ,Arkitekturteknik ,dotnet ,API ,projektering ,BIM ,programmering - Abstract
För att uppnå målen med Agenda 2030 behöver fler satsningar göras på innovation och digitala lösningar, såväl inom den offentliga sektorn som inom industrisektorn. Beträffande den ekonomiska hållbarheten har den svenska byggindustrin i dagsläget möjlighet till sparande av mångmiljardbelopp årligen och digitalisering spelar en nyckelroll i att lyckas uppnå det. Det är viktigt med samverkan och en snabb byggprocess, varför digitala verktyg som förbättrar och kan påskynda den är av intresse för hela branschen, i synnerhet sådana som kan användas under projekteringsfasen. Denna studie avser därför att undersöka hur processen av beräkning av byggnadsverks kostnadskalkyler kan automatiseras, genom användning av den data som finns i den digitala byggmodellen. Därför programmeras en applikation som kopplar samman modelldata och kostnadsdata, med hjälp av Byggnadsinformationsmodellering (BIM), programmering och tvåväga informationsflöden. Studien illustrerar genom exemplifiering processen av programmering och undersöker hur digitalisering – i såväl teori som praktik – kan användas och tillämpas på byggindustrin. Applikationen är en produkt som utvecklas och metodkapitlet initieras därför av en designprocess; specificering av krav, funktioner som uppfyller kraven, attribut som motsvarar dessa funktioner och till sist hur de sammanfogas för att tillsammans skapa produkten. Detta följs av en litteraturstudie som utfördes dels för att samla fakta om programmering och digitala möjligheter inom byggbranschen, dels för att undersöka liknande studier som gjorts tidigare. Slutligen insamlades kostnader till beräkning av schablonvärden för olika typobjekt som sedan kan användas i tandem med modellen för att skapa kostnadskalkylen. Inledningsvis beskriver resultatet ingående en förenklad variant av applikationen, i syfte att närmare illustrera programmeringsprocessen. Därpå följer beskrivningen av programmeringen av applikationen som programmerats för denna studie. Det slutgiltiga resultatet blev en applikation som automatiserar beräkning av en kostnadskalkyl och en studie som beskriver applikationens sammanhang samt metodiken av att programmera den. In order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) defined for Agenda 2030, more investments are needed in innovation and digitalized solutions, as much so in the public sector as in the industry sector. When it comes to the economical sustainability, the Swedish construction industry has possibilities of saving multi-billion sums yearly, and digitalization is playing a key part in making that possible. Both cooperation and an efficient construction process are of importance, why digital tools that can improve and speed up this process are of interest, especially ones that can be used during the design phase. The purpose of this study is to examine how the process of calculating a cost estimate for a civil construction can be automated, using the data in its digital model. An application is therefore programmed, combining model data and cost data, through Building Information Modelling (BIM), programming and two-way data exchange. The study illustrates the process of programming and examines how digitalization can be applied to the constructional industry, both in theory and practice. The application development process is part of the study, why the method chapter is initiated by its design process; specifying customer needs, functions that fulfil the needs, attributes that match these functions and lastly how they come together to make the product. This is then followed by the literature overview, which was done partly to gather information about programming and digital possibilities within the construction industry, and partly for relating this study to similar ones done before. Lastly costs have been collected for calculating template values for different modelling objects, which then can be used together with the model to produce the cost estimate. Initially the result explains a simplified version of the application in-depth, for the purpose of illustrating the programming process thoroughly. That is then followed by the programming of the actual application. The final result was an application that automizes calculation of a cost estimate, and a study that describes its context and the methodology of programming it.
- Published
- 2021
3. Identification of the Flow Properties of a 0.54% Carbon Steel during Continuous Cooling
- Author
-
Rößler, Christoph, Schmicker, David, Sherepenko, Oleksii, Halle, Thorsten, Körner, Markus, Jüttner, Sven, and Woschke, Elmar
- Subjects
lcsh:TN1-997 ,flow stress ,carbon steel ,phase transformations ,continuous cooling ,lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,hot deformation - Abstract
The determinination of material properties is an essential step in the simulation of manufacturing processes. For hot deformation processes, consistently assessed Carreau fluid constitutive model derived in prior works by Schmicker et al. might be used, in which the flow stress is described as a function of the current temperature and the current strain rate. The following paper aims to extend the prior mentioned model by making a distinction, whether the material is being heated or cooled, enhancing the model capabilities to predict deformations within the cooling process. The experimental identifaction of the material parameters is demonstrated for a structural carbon steel with 0.54% carbon content. An approach to derive the flow properties during cooling from the same samples used at heating is presented, which massively reduces the experimental effort in future applications.
- Published
- 2020
4. Emergency percutaneous needle decompression for tension pneumoperitoneum
- Author
-
Körner Markus, Stocker Urban, Chiapponi Costanza, and Ladurner Roland
- Subjects
Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Abstract Background Tension pneumoperitoneum as a complication of iatrogenic bowel perforation during endoscopy is a dramatic condition in which intraperitoneal air under pressure causes hemodynamic and ventilatory compromise. Like tension pneumothorax, urgent intervention is required. Immediate surgical decompression though is not always possible due to the limitations of the preclinical management and sometimes to capacity constraints of medical staff and equipment in the clinic. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of cases of pneumoperitoneum and tension pneumoperitoneum due to iatrogenic bowel perforation. All patients admitted to our surgical department between January 2005 and October 2010 were included. Tension pneumoperitoneum was diagnosed in those patients presenting signs of hemodynamic and ventilatory compromise in addition to abdominal distension. Results Between January 2005 and October 2010 eleven patients with iatrogenic bowel perforation were admitted to our surgical department. The mean time between perforation and admission was 36 ± 14 hrs (range 30 min - 130 hrs), between ER admission and begin of the operation 3 hrs and 15 min ± 47 min (range 60 min - 9 hrs). Three out of eleven patients had clinical signs of tension pneumoperitoneum. In those patients emergency percutaneous needle decompression was performed with a 16G venous catheter. This improved significantly the patients' condition (stabilization of vital signs, reducing jugular vein congestion), bridging the time to the start of the operation. Conclusions Hemodynamical and respiratory compromise in addition to abdominal distension shortly after endoscopy are strongly suggestive of tension pneumoperitoneum due to iatrogenic bowel perforation. This is a rare but life threatening condition and it can be managed in a preclinical and clinical setting with emergency percutaneous needle decompression like tension pneumothorax. Emergency percutaneous decompression is no definitive treatment, only a method to bridge the time gap to definitive surgical repair.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Investigations on gravimetric inversion by means of genetic algorithms
- Author
-
Körner, Markus
- Subjects
Genetische Algorithmen ,+%2C+Angewandte+Geophysik+%2C+Geodäsie%22">Inversion ,, Angewandte Geophysik , Geodäsie Inversion , Angewandte Geophysik , Geodäsie ,Genetic algorithms - Abstract
Die gravimetrische Inversion ist ein zentrales Problem in der Geophysik. Wiewohl die entsprechenden Forschungstätigkeiten auf eine lange Geschichte zurückblicken, sind mit innovativen Techniken selbst heutzutage neue Lösungsansätze zu finden. Das Grundprinzip der gravimetrischen Inversion ist, aus einer Schwereanomalie den Körper oder die Struktur zu extrahieren, welche für die Anomalie verantwortlich ist. Es existiert eine Vielzahl von Berechnungsmethoden, die es erlauben für (fast) jeden belieben Körper dessen Gravitationskraft zu berechnen. Diese Formeln werden, an entsprechender Stelle, für die in dieser Arbeit verwendeten Körper dargelegt. Durch Programme, die teilweise im Rahmen der Arbeit entstanden, kann der Anwender idealisierte Signale erzeugen und diese gemessenen Werten gegenüberstellen. Eine Möglichkeit beide Messwerte zu vergleichen stellt die Berechnung des rms Wertes dar. Dieser errechnet sich über die Summe der quadratischen Differenzen beider Signale, die durch die Anzahl der Messwerte geteilt und aus der anschließend die Wurzel gezogen wird. Ein kleiner rms Wert indiziert eine hohe Übereinstimmung zwischen simuliertem und gemessenem Signal. Das Hauptproblem dabei ist, dass verschiedene Körper dasselbe Signal erzeugen können. Somit gibt es unendlich viele Körper, welche der Schwereanomalie zugewiesen werden können. Es ist nun das Ziel, im Rahmen der Möglichkeiten genau den Körper zu finden, der am "wahrscheinlichsten" ist. Durch geologische Untersuchungen und daraus resultierenden Randbedingungen können die Möglichkeiten deutlich eingeschränkt werden; die Anzahl der verbleibenden Körper ist jedoch zu groß für gesicherte Aussagen. Ein Verfahren ist zu finden, das in der Lage ist durch "probieren" ein gewähltes Modell immer weiter zu verbessern und sich dem "wahren" Körper immer weiter anzunähern. Informatiker begannen Anfang der 1950er Jahre die sogenannten evolutionären Strategien zu entwickeln. Den Verfahren liegt ein biologischer Evolutionsprozess zugrunde, welche mit Hilfe von mathematischen Operationen umgesetzt ist. Aus diesem Spektrum ist für die Arbeit der Genetische Algorithmus GA gewählt worden, bei dem es sich um einen globalen Optimierer handelt. Besonders wichtig in diesem Zusammenhang ist die Tatsache, dass dieser Optimierer keinerlei Ableitungen der verwendeten Optimierungsfunktion benötigt. Somit ist der GA geeignet, für nicht lineare Probleme, wie im Fall der gravimetrischen Inversion. Eine Einführung in dessen Funktionsweise sowie die Adaption an die Problematik ist Bestandteil dieser Arbeit. Dabei wird vor allem auf die Anwendung des sogenannten hybriden GA eingegangen. Bei diesem gemischten Ansatz wird zuerst der GA durchlaufen und die resultierenden Parameter in einem zweiten Schritt mit einem lokalen Optimierungsverfahren, der Downhill Simplex Methode (DSM), weiter verarbeitet. Unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen, die in der Arbeit betrachtet werden, ist es möglich unter Verwendung dieses Ansatzes die Körperparameter weiter zu optimieren und den rms Wert zu senken. Für Untersuchungen wurden Simulationen zu Inversion mit fehlerfreien als auch fehlerbehafteten Signalen synthetischer Körper betrachtet. Für beide Versionen und unter Verwendung verschiedener Körper bietet der hybriden GA das größte Potenzial gute Ergebnisse, d. h. den geringsten rms Wert, zu liefern., Gravimetric inversion is a central problem in geophysics. Although research in this field has a long history of innovative techniques new solutions can be found even today. The basic principle of gravimetric inversion is extracting from a gravity anomaly the body or structure which is responsible for the anomaly. There is a great variety of methods for calculating the gravitational force of almost any body. The formulas used for this thesis are described at the appropriate places. With programs that have partly been created in the course of the work, the user can generate idealized signals and compare them with measured values. One way of comparing both values is the calculation of the rms value. This is calculated by adding the squared differences of the two signals, divided by the number of measurements and then the root is extracted. A small rms value indicates a high correlation between simulated and measured signals. The main problem is that different bodies can produce the same signal. Thus, there is an infinite number of bodies to which the gravity anomaly may be ascribed. It is now the target, to find that body that is the most likely. With geological investigations and the resulting boundary conditions, the options are clearly limited, but the number of remaining bodies is still too large for safe conclusions. A method has to be found that is able to improve the selected model by "trying" again and again, and thus approach the "real" body more and more. In the early 1950s computer scientists began to develop so-called evolutionary strategies. This method is based on a biological process of evolution, which is implemented by means of mathematical operations. From this spectrum the Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been chosen for the thesis, which is a global optimizer. Particularly important in this context is the fact that this optimizer does not require any derivatives of the optimization function used. Thus, the GA is suitable for nonlinear problems, as in the case of gravimetric inversion. An introduction to its functioning and the adaptation to the problem is part of this thesis. It will primarily cover the application of the so-called hybrid GA. In this mixed approach, the GA is applied first, and then, in a second step, the resulting parameters are further processed with a local optimization method, the downhill simplex method (DSM). Under certain conditions, which are considered in the thesis, it is possible to optimize the body parameters and reduce the rms value by using this approach. For research purposes simulations of inversion with error-free as well as faulty signals of synthetic bodies were considered. For both versions, and the use of various body features the hybrid GA offers the greatest potential for good results, which means delivering the lowest rms value.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Emergency percutaneous needle decompression for tension pneumoperitoneum.
- Author
-
Chiapponi, Costanza, Stocker, Urban, Körner, Markus, Ladurner, Roland, and Körner, Markus
- Subjects
PNEUMOTHORAX ,ENDOSCOPY ,HEMODYNAMICS ,ABDOMEN ,MEDICAL research - Abstract
Background: Tension pneumoperitoneum as a complication of iatrogenic bowel perforation during endoscopy is a dramatic condition in which intraperitoneal air under pressure causes hemodynamic and ventilatory compromise. Like tension pneumothorax, urgent intervention is required. Immediate surgical decompression though is not always possible due to the limitations of the preclinical management and sometimes to capacity constraints of medical staff and equipment in the clinic.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of cases of pneumoperitoneum and tension pneumoperitoneum due to iatrogenic bowel perforation. All patients admitted to our surgical department between January 2005 and October 2010 were included. Tension pneumoperitoneum was diagnosed in those patients presenting signs of hemodynamic and ventilatory compromise in addition to abdominal distension.Results: Between January 2005 and October 2010 eleven patients with iatrogenic bowel perforation were admitted to our surgical department. The mean time between perforation and admission was 36 ± 14 hrs (range 30 min - 130 hrs), between ER admission and begin of the operation 3 hrs and 15 min ± 47 min (range 60 min - 9 hrs). Three out of eleven patients had clinical signs of tension pneumoperitoneum. In those patients emergency percutaneous needle decompression was performed with a 16G venous catheter. This improved significantly the patients' condition (stabilization of vital signs, reducing jugular vein congestion), bridging the time to the start of the operation.Conclusions: Hemodynamical and respiratory compromise in addition to abdominal distension shortly after endoscopy are strongly suggestive of tension pneumoperitoneum due to iatrogenic bowel perforation. This is a rare but life threatening condition and it can be managed in a preclinical and clinical setting with emergency percutaneous needle decompression like tension pneumothorax. Emergency percutaneous decompression is no definitive treatment, only a method to bridge the time gap to definitive surgical repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.