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Purpose: Topical anesthesia is increasingly being used for cataract surgery. However, it is believed that topical anesthesia causes an increased risk of intraoperative complications from unrestricted eye movement and insufficient pain control and more need for sedation. It is difficult to compare pain and anxiety experienced by individual patients; therefore, the authors used the method of patient-controlled sedation to determine whether there is a difference in sedation requirements under topical or retrobulbar anesthesia., Methods: In this prospective study, patients received either topical anesthesia (n=87) or retrobulbar block (n=104) and self-administered a mixture of midazolam (0.5 mg) and fentanyl (25 microg) in increments using a patient controlled analgesia infuser to achieve sedation. At the end of surgery, patients rated their pain on a 10-point numerical rating scale and their comfort on a 5-point scale. The number of demands and deliveries were noted from the patient controlled analgesia infuser display., Results: Pain scores were between 0 and 2 in 95.4% in the topical and in 94.2% in the retrobulbar group (p>0.05). Patient comfort was equal in both groups with 2.94+/-0.92 in the topical group and 2.92+/-0.99 in the retrobulbar group (p>0.05). Mean sedation requirements were similar in both groups: 26.4% of patients in the topical group and 19.2% in the retrobulbar group did not request any sedation (not significant, p>0.05)., Conclusions: Sedation requirements were similar for cataract surgery under topical and retrobulbar anesthesia.

Purpose: Topical anesthesia is increasingly being used for cataract surgery. However, it is believed that topical anesthesia causes an increased risk of intraoperative complications from unrestricted eye movement and insufficient pain control and more need for sedation. It is difficult to compare pain and anxiety experienced by individual patients; therefore, the authors used the method of patient-controlled sedation to determine whether there is a difference in sedation requirements under topical or retrobulbar anesthesia., Methods: In this prospective study, patients received either topical anesthesia (n=87) or retrobulbar block (n=104) and self-administered a mixture of midazolam (0.5 mg) and fentanyl (25 g) in increments using a patient controlled analgesia infuser to achieve sedation. At the end of surgery, patients rated their pain on a 10-point numerical rating scale and their comfort on a 5-point scale. The number of demands and deliveries were noted from the patient controlled analgesia infuser display., Results: Pain scores were between 0 and 2 in 95.4% in the topical and in 94.2% in the retrobulbar group (p>0.05). Patient comfort was equal in both groups with 2.94 0.92 in the topical group and 2.92 0.99 in the retrobulbar group (p>0.05). Mean sedation requirements were similar in both groups: 26.4% of patients in the topical group and 19.2% in the retrobulbar group did not request any sedation (not significant, p>0.05)., Conclusions: Sedation requirements were similar for cataract surgery under topical and retrobulbar anesthesia. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2004; 14: #-7).

We compared the antiemetic efficacy of tropisetron versus droperidol in women given tramadol after total hysterectomy. Forty patients were randomly allocated to group 1 (n = 20, tropisetron 0.05 mg/kg intravenously) or group 2 (n = 20, droperidol 15 micrograms/kg intravenously). Tramadol infusion (intravenously), for post-operative analgesia, was started at fascia closure. Incidences of post-operative nausea and vomiting, pain intensity, tramadol use, and the need for a rescue antiemetic (metoclopramide 10 mg) were recorded 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h post-operatively. Vomiting and nausea incidences were reported fewer in group 1 than in group 2, but statistical significance was only reached for vomiting incidence 6 h post-operation. Tropisetron seems to have better antiemetic properties than droperidol in patients receiving tramadol because of the length of its duration of action. Further studies, investigating alternative ways of managing post-operative nausea and vomiting, and the use of tramadol for post-operative analgesia, are needed.