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1. LLM-jp: A Cross-organizational Project for the Research and Development of Fully Open Japanese LLMs

Author

LLM-jp, Aizawa, Akiko, Aramaki, Eiji, Chen, Bowen, Cheng, Fei, Deguchi, Hiroyuki, Enomoto, Rintaro, Fujii, Kazuki, Fukumoto, Kensuke, Fukushima, Takuya, Han, Namgi, Harada, Yuto, Hashimoto, Chikara, Hiraoka, Tatsuya, Hisada, Shohei, Hosokawa, Sosuke, Jie, Lu, Kamata, Keisuke, Kanazawa, Teruhito, Kanezashi, Hiroki, Kataoka, Hiroshi, Katsumata, Satoru, Kawahara, Daisuke, Kawano, Seiya, Keyaki, Atsushi, Kiryu, Keisuke, Kiyomaru, Hirokazu, Kodama, Takashi, Kubo, Takahiro, Kuga, Yohei, Kumon, Ryoma, Kurita, Shuhei, Kurohashi, Sadao, Li, Conglong, Maekawa, Taiki, Matsuda, Hiroshi, Miyao, Yusuke, Mizuki, Kentaro, Mizuki, Sakae, Murawaki, Yugo, Nakamura, Ryo, Nakamura, Taishi, Nakayama, Kouta, Nakazato, Tomoka, Niitsuma, Takuro, Nishitoba, Jiro, Oda, Yusuke, Ogawa, Hayato, Okamoto, Takumi, Okazaki, Naoaki, Oseki, Yohei, Ozaki, Shintaro, Ryu, Koki, Rzepka, Rafal, Sakaguchi, Keisuke, Sasaki, Shota, Sekine, Satoshi, Suda, Kohei, Sugawara, Saku, Sugiura, Issa, Sugiyama, Hiroaki, Suzuki, Hisami, Suzuki, Jun, Suzumura, Toyotaro, Tachibana, Kensuke, Takagi, Yu, Takami, Kyosuke, Takeda, Koichi, Takeshita, Masashi, Tanaka, Masahiro, Taura, Kenjiro, Tolmachev, Arseny, Ueda, Nobuhiro, Wan, Zhen, Yada, Shuntaro, Yahata, Sakiko, Yamamoto, Yuya, Yamauchi, Yusuke, Yanaka, Hitomi, Yokota, Rio, and Yoshino, Koichiro

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

This paper introduces LLM-jp, a cross-organizational project for the research and development of Japanese large language models (LLMs). LLM-jp aims to develop open-source and strong Japanese LLMs, and as of this writing, more than 1,500 participants from academia and industry are working together for this purpose. This paper presents the background of the establishment of LLM-jp, summaries of its activities, and technical reports on the LLMs developed by LLM-jp. For the latest activities, visit https://llm-jp.nii.ac.jp/en/.

Published
2024

2. Prosocial and Financial Incentives for Biodiversity Conservation: A Field Experiment Using a Smartphone App

Author

Sasaki, Shusaku, Kubo, Takahiro, and Kitano, Shodai

Subjects
Economics - General Economics
Abstract

Ascertaining the number, type, and location of plant, insect, and animal species is essential for biodiversity conservation. However, comprehensively monitoring the situation only through public fixed-point surveys is challenging, and therefore information voluntarily provided by citizens assists in ascertaining the species distribution. To effectively encourage the citizens' data sharing behavior, this study proposed a prosocial incentive scheme in which, if they provide species information, donations are made to activities for saving endangered species. We conducted a field experiment with users (N=830) of a widely-used Japanese smartphone app to which they post species photos and measured the incentive's effect on their posting behavior. In addition, we measured the effect of a financial incentive scheme that provides monetary rewards for posting species photos and compared the two incentives' effects. The analyses revealed that while the prosocial incentive did not increase the number of posts on average, it did change the contents of posts, increasing the proportion of posts on rare species. On the contrary, the financial incentive statistically significantly increased the number of posts, in particular, on less rare and invasive species. Our findings suggest that the prosocial and financial incentives could stimulate different motivations and encourage different posting behaviors., Comment: 45 pages

Published
2024

6. Evaluation of User Dynamics Created by Weak Ties among Divided Communities

Author

Kubo, Takahiro, Takano, Chisa, and Aida, Masaki

Subjects
Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

Flaming phenomena represent the divergence in the strength of user dynamics as created by user interactions in online social networks (OSNs). Although it has been known that flaming phenomena occur when the Laplacian matrix of the OSN has non-real eigenvalues, it was recently shown that flaming phenomena may occur even if all the eigenvalues are real numbers. This effect appears only in the situation that some eigenvalues are degenerate, and a special unitary transformation is applied to the equations representing user dynamics; whether actual OSNs satisfy this condition has not been fully discussed. In this paper, we clarify that the user dynamics caused by the degeneration of eigenvalue 0 is one specific example of the above condition. We also investigate the mechanism and characteristics of flaming phenomena generated by degenerated eigenvalues. Furthermore, we demonstrate through numerical simulations that the degeneration of eigenvalues can cause divergence., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, to appear in NOLTA, vol. 12

Published
2021

11. Changing Human Behavior to Conserve Biodiversity.

Author

Veríssimo, Diogo, Blake, Katie, Flint, Hilary Byerly, Doughty, Hunter, Espelosin, Dulce, Gregg, Emily A., Kubo, Takahiro, Mann-Lang, Judy, Perry, Laura R., Selinske, Matthew J., Shreedhar, Ganga, and Thomas-Walters, Laura

Subjects
HUMAN behavior, SCIENTIFIC communication, BEHAVIORAL sciences, BIODIVERSITY conservation, NUDGE theory
Abstract

Conservation of biodiversity is above all else an exercise in human persuasion. Human behavior drives all substantive threats to biodiversity; therefore, influencing it is the only path to mitigating the current extinction crisis. We review the literature across three different axes to highlight current evidence on influencing human behavior for conservation. First, we look at behavioral interventions to mitigate different threats, from pollution and climate change to invasive species and human disturbance. Next, we examine interventions focused on different stakeholders, from voters, investors, and environmental managers to consumers, producers, and extractors. Finally, we review delivery channels, ranging from mass and social media to interventions involving changes to the physical environment or carried out in person. We highlight key gaps, including the lack of scale and robust impact evaluation of most interventions, and the need to prioritize behaviors, overcome the reproducibility crisis, and deal with inequality when designing and implementing behavior change interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the treatment of acute cholangitis caused by choledocholithiasis: A single‐center retrospective study in Japan

Author

Hanatani, Jun‐ichi, primary, Kitagawa, Koh, additional, Tomooka, Fumimasa, additional, Asada, Shohei, additional, Mitoro, Akira, additional, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, additional, Nishimura, Norihisa, additional, Sato, Shinya, additional, Shibamoto, Akihiko, additional, Fujimoto, Yuki, additional, Kubo, Takahiro, additional, Iwai, Satoshi, additional, Tsuji, Yuki, additional, Namisaki, Tadashi, additional, Akahane, Takemi, additional, Kaji, Kosuke, additional, Tanaka, Misako, additional, Koizumi, Aritoshi, additional, Yorioka, Nobuyuki, additional, Matsuda, Takuya, additional, Masuda, Hiroyuki, additional, Takami, Masayoshi, additional, Kikuchi, Mayuko, additional, Kawanishi, Mariya, additional, Ohoka, Kazutaka, additional, Watanabe, Daisuke, additional, Kawasaki, Akane, additional, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2024
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13. Role of Epiregulin on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis as a Mediator via EGFR Signaling in the Cancer Microenvironment

Author

Kubo, Takahiro, primary, Nishimura, Norihisa, additional, Kaji, Kosuke, additional, Tomooka, Fumimasa, additional, Shibamoto, Akihiko, additional, Iwai, Satoshi, additional, Suzuki, Junya, additional, Kawaratani, Hideto, additional, Namisaki, Tadashi, additional, Akahane, Takemi, additional, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2024
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21. ADAMTS-13: A Prognostic Biomarker for Portal Vein Thrombosis in Japanese Patients with Liver Cirrhosis.

Author

Suzuki, Junya, Namisaki, Tadashi, Takya, Hiroaki, Kaji, Kosuke, Nishimura, Norihisa, Shibamoto, Akihiko, Asada, Shohei, Kubo, Takahiro, Iwai, Satoshi, Tomooka, Fumimasa, Takeda, Soichi, Koizumi, Aritoshi, Tanaka, Misako, Matsuda, Takuya, Inoue, Takashi, Fujimoto, Yuki, Tsuji, Yuki, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, Sato, Shinya, and Kitagawa, Koh

Subjects
PORTAL vein, JAPANESE people, SPIRAL computed tomography, CIRRHOSIS of the liver, FIBRIN fibrinogen degradation products, FIBRIN
Abstract

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT), one of the most prevalent hepatic vascular conditions in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), is associated with high mortality rates. An imbalance between a disintegrin-like metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type-1 motifs 13 (ADAMTS-13) enzyme and von Willebrand factor (VWF) is responsible for hypercoagulability, including spontaneous thrombus formation in blood vessels. Herein, we aimed to identify potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in Japanese patients with LC and PVT. In total, 345 patients were divided into two groups: 40 patients who developed PVT (PVT group) and 305 who did not develop PVT (NPVT group). Among the 345 patients with LC, 81% (279/345) were deemed ineligible due to the presence of preventive comorbidities, active or recent malignancies, and organ dysfunction. The remaining 66 patients were divided into two groups: the PVT group (n = 33) and the NPVT group (n = 33). Plasma ADAMTS-13 activity (ADAMTS-13:AC) and the vWF antigen (VWF:Ag) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Contrast-enhanced, three-dimensional helical computed tomography (CT) was used to detect and characterize PVT. ADAMTS-13:AC was significantly lower in the PVT group than in the NPVT group. No significant differences in plasma vWF:Ag or liver stiffness were observed between the two groups. ADAMTS-13:AC of <18.8 was an independent risk factor for PVT on multivariate analyses (odds ratio: 1.67, 95% confidence interval: 1.21–3.00, p < 0.002). The receiver operating characteristic analysis of ADAMTS-13:AC revealed an area under the curve of 0.913 in PVT detection. Patients with PVT having ADAMTS-13:AC ≥18.8 (n = 17) had higher albumin levels and better prognoses than those with ADAMTS-13:AC <18.8 (n = 16). No significant correlations of ADAMTS-13:AC levels with either fibrin degradation product or D-dimer levels were observed. ADAMTS-13:AC levels could be potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PVT in Japanese patients with LC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Enhanced liver fibrosis score as a surrogate of liver-related complications and mortality in primary biliary cholangitis

Author

Fujinaga, Yukihisa, Namisaki, Tadashi, Takaya, Hiroaki, Tsuji, Yuki, Suzuki, Junya, Shibamoto, Akihiko, Kubo, Takahiro, Iwai, Satoshi, Tomooka, Fumimasa, Takeda, Soichi, Fujimoto, Yuki, Enomoto, Masahide, Murata, Koji, Ishida, Koji, Ogawa, Hiroyuki, Takagi, Hirotetsu, Ozutsumi, Takahiro, Furukawa, Masanori, Nishimura, Norihisa, Sawada, Yasuhiko, Kitagawa, Koh, Sato, Shinya, Kaji, Kosuke, Kawaratani, Hideto, Moriya, Kei, Noguchi, Ryuichi, Akahane, Takemi, Mitoro, Akira, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi

Published
2021
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26. Hemoglobin and Endotoxin Levels Predict Sarcopenia Occurrence in Patients with Alcoholic Cirrhosis

Author

Shibamoto, Akihiko, primary, Namisaki, Tadashi, additional, Suzuki, Junya, additional, Kubo, Takahiro, additional, Iwai, Satoshi, additional, Tomooka, Fumimasa, additional, Takeda, Soichi, additional, Fujimoto, Yuki, additional, Inoue, Takashi, additional, Tanaka, Misako, additional, Koizumi, Aritoshi, additional, Yorioka, Nobuyuki, additional, Matsuda, Takuya, additional, Asada, Shohei, additional, Tsuji, Yuki, additional, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, additional, Nishimura, Norihisa, additional, Sato, Shinya, additional, Takaya, Hiroaki, additional, Kitagawa, Koh, additional, Kaji, Kosuke, additional, Kawaratani, Hideto, additional, Akahane, Takemi, additional, Mitoro, Akira, additional, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2023
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30. Sulforaphane Potentiates Gemcitabine-Mediated Anti-Cancer Effects against Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma by Inhibiting HDAC Activity

Author

Tomooka, Fumimasa, primary, Kaji, Kosuke, additional, Nishimura, Norihisa, additional, Kubo, Takahiro, additional, Iwai, Satoshi, additional, Shibamoto, Akihiko, additional, Suzuki, Junya, additional, Kitagawa, Koh, additional, Namisaki, Tadashi, additional, Akahane, Takemi, additional, Mitoro, Akira, additional, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2023
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32. The Ratio of von Willebrand Factor Antigen to ADAMTS13 Activity: Usefulness as a Prognostic Biomarker in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

Author

Takaya, Hiroaki, primary, Namisaki, Tadashi, additional, Enomoto, Masahide, additional, Kubo, Takahiro, additional, Tsuji, Yuki, additional, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, additional, Nishimura, Norihisa, additional, Kaji, Kosuke, additional, Kawaratani, Hideto, additional, Moriya, Kei, additional, Akahane, Takemi, additional, Matsumoto, Masanori, additional, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2023
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33. Changes in Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Factors in Patients With Cirrhotic Refractory Ascites Undergoing Cell-free and Concentrated Ascites Reinfusion Therapy: A Retrospective Observational Study in Japan

Author

YORIOKA, NOBUYUKI, primary, NAMISAKI, TADASHI, additional, SHIBAMOTO, AKIHIKO, additional, SUZUKI, JUNYA, additional, KUBO, TAKAHIRO, additional, IWAI, SATOSHI, additional, TOMOOKA, FUMIMASA, additional, TANAKA, MISAKO, additional, TAKEDA, SOICHI, additional, FUJIMOTO, YUKI, additional, ENOMOTO, MASAHIDE, additional, MUARATA, KOJI, additional, INOUE, TAKASHI, additional, TSUJI, YUKI, additional, FUJINAGA, YUKIHISA, additional, NISHIMURA, NORIHISA, additional, KITAGAWA, KOH, additional, TAKAYA, HIROAKI, additional, KAJI, KOSUKE, additional, KAWARATANI, HIDETO, additional, AKAHANE, TAKEMI, additional, MITORO, AKIRA, additional, YAMAZAKI, MASAHARU, additional, and YOSHIJI, HITOSHI, additional

Published
2023
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35. Diagnostic yield of liquid‐based cytology in serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytological examination

Author

Kitagawa, Koh, primary, Mitoro, Akira, additional, Tomooka, Fumimasa, additional, Asada, Shohei, additional, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, additional, Nishimura, Norihisa, additional, Kaji, Kosuke, additional, Kawaratani, Hideto, additional, Akahane, Takemi, additional, Ozutsumi, Takahiro, additional, Kaneko, Miki, additional, Fujimoto, Yuki, additional, Tsuji, Yuki, additional, Enomoto, Masahide, additional, Takeda, Soichi, additional, Murata, Koji, additional, Kubo, Takahiro, additional, Iwai, Satoshi, additional, Koizumi, Aritoshi, additional, Shibamoto, Akihiko, additional, Suzuki, Junya, additional, Tanaka, Misako, additional, Matsuda, Takuya, additional, Yorioka, Nobuyuki, additional, Masuda, Hiroyuki, additional, Takami, Masayoshi, additional, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2022
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37. Sanitation is the greatest concern in outdoor cat management but ecological message frames promote biodiversity conservation in Japan

Author

Mameno, Kota, Kubo, Takahiro, Suzuki, Takaaki, Tsuge, Takahiro, Shoji, Yasushi, Mameno, Kota, Kubo, Takahiro, Suzuki, Takaaki, Tsuge, Takahiro, and Shoji, Yasushi

Abstract

Message framing contributes to an increase in public support for invasive species management. However, little is known about people's preferences for the multiple objectives of management within different contexts relating to the challenges and benefits of invasive species management. We examine Japanese citizens' preferences for the goals of free-roaming unowned cat (Felis catus) management in three contextual frames by applying experimentally controlled information and the best-worst scaling technique. Our results indicate that the ecological frame highlighting the ecological impacts of free-roaming unowned cats on native ecosystems significantly increases Japanese citizens' concern about cat predation, although the frame did not change the preference ranking of goals. There are differences in the effects of message framing depending on cat ownership. The best-worst scaling technique shows that Japanese citizens prefer to maintain a sanitary environment, followed by the prevention of zoonotic diseases. Although the ranking of sanitary environmental management does not depend on cat ownership, the ranking of the other goals differs depending on cat ownership. The findings highlight the importance of strategic message framing and its prioritization in encouraging public support for invasive species management.

Published
2022

38. Decline in the alpine landscape aesthetic value in a national park under climate change

Author

Mameno, Kota, Kubo, Takahiro, Oguma, Hiroyuki, Amagai, Yukihiro, 1000060399988, Shoji, Yasushi, Mameno, Kota, Kubo, Takahiro, Oguma, Hiroyuki, Amagai, Yukihiro, 1000060399988, and Shoji, Yasushi

Abstract

Alpine landscapes are projected to be degraded under climate change, which would threaten their benefits to society. Previous studies, however, have been limited to aesthetic change, and it remains unclear how much the aesthetic change would affect human welfare. To address this issue and gain insights into climate change adaptation policies, we conducted a choice experiment survey using digitally manipulated images based on climate change scenarios and natural scientific knowledge in a mountainous national park in Japan. We uncovered that park visitors appreciate the alpine landscapes that include snow patches on mountains and some types of alpine flowers by analyzing the data from 445 respondents. Conversely, both the invasion of alpine vegetation by dwarf bamboo and the disappearance of snow patches due to climate change substantially deteriorated the perceived aesthetic benefits from alpine landscapes. The economic loss caused by climate-induced landscape degradation was estimated at more than 100 USD per visitor, at maximum; the disappearance of snow patches and invasion by dwarf bamboo reduced the benefits by approximately 13 USD and 101 USD, respectively. Our findings suggest that sustaining the aesthetic value of alpine landscapes in national parks via climate change adaptation has potentially significant economic benefits. By supposing that the mountain national park attracts 70,000 visitors in summer, climate change would cause as a minimum of eight million USD economic loss at the park without appropriate measures annually. Our findings highlight the importance of climate change measures by considering climate change impacts on social benefits associated with alpine landscapes.

Published
2022

39. Conservation fundraising: Evidence from social media and traditional mail field experiments

Author

Kubo, Takahiro, Yokoo, Hide‐Fumi, Veríssimo, Diogo, Kubo, Takahiro, Yokoo, Hide‐Fumi, and Veríssimo, Diogo

Abstract

Funding shortages limit conservation impact, making it vital to find effective fundraising methods. To explore how traditional and digital conservation fundraising methods perform, we conducted real‐world field experiments by using direct‐mail and Facebook advertisements. We compared three types of message frames (simple, seed money, and ecological). We found that the seed money frame, which emphasizes the amount already donated, increased the number of donors, whereas the ecological frame, which focuses on the fact that the fundraiser benefits threatened species, led to a relative reduction in the number of donors. We also found that while Facebook advertising costs exceeded donations, while the opposite was true for the traditional mail experiment. This highlights the importance of identifying appropriate donor pools for online and offline fundraising before implementing campaigns. Our findings illustrate some challenges associated with online fundraising and the importance of behavioral evidence to enhance effective fundraising in conservation.

Published
2022

40. A Combination of an Angiotensin II Receptor and a Neprilysin Inhibitor Attenuates Liver Fibrosis by Preventing Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation.

Author

Suzuki, Junya, Kaji, Kosuke, Nishimura, Norihisa, Kubo, Takahiro, Tomooka, Fumimasa, Shibamoto, Akihiko, Iwai, Satoshi, Tsuji, Yuki, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, Kitagawa, Koh, Namisaki, Tadashi, Akahane, Takemi, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi

Subjects
HEPATIC fibrosis, ANGIOTENSIN II, ANGIOTENSIN receptors, LIVER cells, NEPRILYSIN, CGMP-dependent protein kinase
Abstract

The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system has gained attention due to its role as a mediator of liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Meanwhile, the natriuretic peptide (NP) system, including atrial NP (ANP) and C-type NP (CNP), is a counter-regulatory hormone regulated by neprilysin. Although the combination of an angiotensin receptor and a neprilysin inhibitor (sacubitril/valsartan: SAC/VAL) has shown clinical efficacy in patients with heart failure, its potential effects on hepatic fibrosis have not been clarified. This study assessed the effects of SAC/VAL in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced murine liver fibrosis as well as the in vitro phenotypes of HSCs. Treatment with SAC and VAL markedly attenuated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis while reducing α-SMA+-HSC expansion and decreasing hepatic hydroxyproline and mRNA levels of pro-fibrogenic markers. Treatment with SAC increased plasma ANP and CNP levels in CCl4-treated mice, and ANP effectively suppressed cell proliferation and TGF-β-stimulated MMP2 and TIMP2 expression in LX-2 cells by activating guanylate cyclase-A/cGMP/protein kinase G signaling. Meanwhile, CNP did not affect the pro-fibrogenic activity of LX-2 cells. Moreover, VAL directly inhibited angiotensin II (AT-II)-stimulated cell proliferation and the expression of TIMP1 and CTGF through the blockade of the AT-II type 1 receptor/protein kinase C pathway. Collectively, SAC/VAL may be a novel therapeutic treatment for liver fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. Diagnostic yield of liquid-based cytology in serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytological examination.

Author

Kitagawa, Koh, Mitoro, Akira, Tomooka, Fumimasa, Asada, Shohei, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, Nishimura, Norihisa, Kaji, Kosuke, Kawaratani, Hideto, Akahane, Takemi, Ozutsumi, Takahiro, Kaneko, Miki, Fujimoto, Yuki, Tsuji, Yuki, Enomoto, Masahide, Takeda, Soichi, Murata, Koji, Kubo, Takahiro, Iwai, Satoshi, Koizumi, Aritoshi, and Shibamoto, Akihiko

Published
2023
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43. ADAMTS13, VWF, and Endotoxin Are Interrelated and Associated with the Severity of Liver Cirrhosis via Hypercoagulability

Author

Takaya, Hiroaki, primary, Namisaki, Tadashi, additional, Asada, Shohei, additional, Iwai, Satoshi, additional, Kubo, Takahiro, additional, Suzuki, Junya, additional, Enomoto, Masahide, additional, Tsuji, Yuki, additional, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, additional, Nishimura, Norihisa, additional, Sawada, Yasuhiko, additional, Kaji, Kosuke, additional, Kawaratani, Hideto, additional, Moriya, Kei, additional, Akahane, Takemi, additional, Matsumoto, Masanori, additional, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2022
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44. Clinical Significance of Serum Zinc Levels on the Development of Sarcopenia in Cirrhotic Patients

Author

MURATA, KOJI, primary, NAMISAKI, TADASHI, additional, FUJIMOTO, YUKI, additional, TAKEDA, SOICHI, additional, ENOMOTO, MASAHIDE, additional, TAKAYA, HIROAKI, additional, TSUJI, YUKI, additional, SHIBAMOTO, AKIHIKO, additional, SUZUKI, JUNYA, additional, KUBO, TAKAHIRO, additional, IWAI, SATOSHI, additional, TOMOOKA, FUMIMASA, additional, TANAKA, MISAKO, additional, KANEKO, MIKI, additional, ASADA, SHOHEI, additional, KOIZUMI, ARITOSHI, additional, YORIOKA, NOBUYUKI, additional, MATSUDA, TAKUYA, additional, OZUTSUMI, TAKAHIRO, additional, ISHIDA, KOJI, additional, OGAWA, HIROYUKI, additional, TAKAGI, HIROTETSU, additional, FUJINAGA, YUKIHISA, additional, FURUKAWA, MASANORI, additional, SAWADA, YASUHIKO, additional, NISHIMURA, NORIHISA, additional, KITAGAWA, KOH, additional, SATO, SHINYA, additional, KAJI, KOSUKE, additional, INOUE, TAKASHI, additional, ASADA, KIYOSHI, additional, KAWARATANI, HIDETO, additional, MORIYA, KEI, additional, AKAHANE, TAKEMI, additional, MITOR, AKIRA, additional, and YOSHIJI, HITOSHI, additional

Published
2022
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45. Conservation fundraising: Evidence from social media and traditional mail field experiments.

Author

Kubo, Takahiro, Yokoo, Hide‐Fumi, and Veríssimo, Diogo

Subjects
*SOCIAL media, *FUNDRAISING, *FOREST conservation, ADVERTISING costs
Abstract

Funding shortages limit conservation impact, making it vital to find effective fundraising methods. To explore how traditional and digital conservation fundraising methods perform, we conducted real‐world field experiments by using direct‐mail and Facebook advertisements. We compared three types of message frames (simple, seed money, and ecological). We found that the seed money frame, which emphasizes the amount already donated, increased the number of donors, whereas the ecological frame, which focuses on the fact that the fundraiser benefits threatened species, led to a relative reduction in the number of donors. We also found that while Facebook advertising costs exceeded donations, while the opposite was true for the traditional mail experiment. This highlights the importance of identifying appropriate donor pools for online and offline fundraising before implementing campaigns. Our findings illustrate some challenges associated with online fundraising and the importance of behavioral evidence to enhance effective fundraising in conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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47. Clinical Significance of Gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase Combined with Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin for the Assessment of Excessive Alcohol Consumption in Patients with Alcoholic Cirrhosis

Author

Shibamoto, Akihiko, primary, Namisaki, Tadashi, additional, Suzuki, Junya, additional, Kubo, Takahiro, additional, Iwai, Satoshi, additional, Tomooka, Fumimasa, additional, Takeda, Soichi, additional, Fujimoto, Yuki, additional, Enomoto, Masahide, additional, Murata, Koji, additional, Inoue, Takashi, additional, Ishida, Koji, additional, Ogawa, Hiroyuki, additional, Takagi, Hirotetsu, additional, Kaya, Daisuke, additional, Tsuji, Yuki, additional, Ozutsumi, Takahiro, additional, Fujinaga, Yukihisa, additional, Furukawa, Masanori, additional, Nishimura, Norihisa, additional, Sawada, Yasuhiko, additional, Kitagawa, Koh, additional, Sato, Shinya, additional, Takaya, Hiroaki, additional, Kaji, Kosuke, additional, Shimozato, Naotaka, additional, Kawaratani, Hideto, additional, Moriya, Kei, additional, Akahane, Takemi, additional, Mitoro, Akira, additional, and Yoshiji, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2021
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