Search

Nowadays, the European Ecodesign Directive has emerged as a new approach to integrate environmental concerns into the product design and related processes. Ecodesign aims to minimize environmental impacts throughout the product life cycle, without compromising performances and costs. In addition, the recent Ecodesign Directives require products which are increasingly eco-friendly and eco-efficient, preserving high-performances. It is very important for producers measuring performances, for electric cooking ranges, hobs, ovens, and grills for household use, and a low power consumption of appliances represents a powerful selling point, also in terms of ecodesign requirements. The Ecodesign Directive provides a clear framework about the sustainable design of products and it has been extended in 2009 to all energy-related products, or products with an impact on energy consumption during the use. The European Regulation establishes measures of ecodesign of ovens, hobs, and kitchen hoods, and domestic use and energy efficiency of a product has a significant environmental aspect in the use phase which is the most impactful in the life cycle. It is important that the product parameters and performances are not affected by ecodesign requirements from a user’s point of view, and the benefits of reducing energy consumption in the use phase should offset the possible environmental impact in the production stage. Accurate measurements of cooking appliance performance are essential to help the industry to produce more energy efficient appliances. The development of ecodriven products requires ecoinnovation and ecodesign tools to support the sustainability improvement. The ecodesign tools should be practical and focused on specific ecoobjectives in order to be largely diffused. The main scope of this paper is the development, implementation, and testing of an innovative tool, which could be an improvement for the sustainable design of induction hobs. In particular, a prototypical software tool is developed in order to simulate the energy performances of the induction hobs. The tool is focused on a multiphysics model which is able to simulate the energy performances and the efficiency of induction hobs starting from the design data. The multiphysics model is composed by an electromagnetic simulation and a thermal simulation. The electromagnetic simulation is able to calculate the eddy current induced in the pot, which leads to the Joule heating of material. The thermal simulation is able to measure the energy consumption during the operational phase. The Joule heating caused from the eddy currents is the output of electromagnetic simulation and the input of thermal ones. The aims of the paper are the development of integrated tools and methodologies of virtual prototyping in the context of the ecodesign. This tool could be a revolutionary instrument in the field of industrial engineering and it gives consideration to the environmental aspects of product design and focus on the ecodesign of energy-related products, in order to achieve a reduced environmental impact., {"references":["European Commission, Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products.","EU Ecodesign Regulation n° 66/2014 for Domestic Ovens, Hobs and Range Hoods.","International Standard IEC 60350-2:2011, Household electric cooking appliances - Part 2: Hobs - Methods for measuring performance, Publication date 2011-12-16.","Germani, M., Landi, D., Rossi, M. Efficiency and environmental analysis of a system for renewable electricity generation and electrochemical storage of residential buildings. The 22nd CIRP Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, volume 29, 2015, Pages 839-844.","International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 2009. Environmentally Aspects into Design and Development Processes of Electrical and Electronic Products. IEC 62430.","Wimmer, W., Lee, K.M., Quella, F., Polak, J., 2010. ECODESIGN e the Competitive Advantage. Springer, New York.","Fiksel, J., 1996. Design for Environment: Creating Eco-Efficient Products and Processes. McGraw Hill, New York.","International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 2002. Environmental Management e Integrating Environmental Aspects into Product Design and Development. ISO 14062.","J. Acero, J. M. Burdio, L. A. Barragan, D. Navarro, R. Alonso, J. Ramon, F. Monterde, P. Hernandez, S. Llorente, and I. Garde, \"Domestic induction appliances,\" IEEE Ind. Appl. Mag., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 39- 47Mar./Apr. 2010.\n[10]\tC. Carretero, O. Lucia, J. Acero, and J. Burdio, \"Computational modeling of two partly-coupled coils supplied by a double half-bridge resonant inverter for induction heating appliances,\" IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 8, pp. 3092–3105, Aug. 2013.\n[11]\tJ. Acero, C. Carretero, I. Lope, R. Alonso, O. Lucia, and J. M. Burdio, \"Analysis of the mutual inductance of planar-lumped inductive power transfer systems,\" IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 410–420, Jan. 2013.\n[12]\tC. Zhang, Y.J. Zheng, Z.F. Sun, \"A fuzzy control method to obtain the steady output power in induction cooker power control\", Mech. Electr. Eng. 10, pp 30–34, 2004.\n[13]\tM.M. Shi, \"An analysis of the realization of induction cooker power control\", J. Changshu Inst. Technol. 2, pp 76–78, 2008.\n[14]\tF. F. J. Cadavid, Y. Cadavid, A.A. Amell, A.E. Arrieta, J.D. Echavarría, \"Numerical and experimental methodology to measure the thermal efficiency of pots on electrical stoves\", Energy 73, pp 258–263, 2014.\n[15]\tS.K. Hannani, E. Hessari, M. Fardadi, M.K. Jeddi. \"Mathematical modelling of cooking pots' thermal efficiency using a combined experimental and neural network method.\" Energy 31, pp. 2969–2985, 2006.\n[16]\tP. Cicconi, M. Germani, D. Landi, and A. C. Russo, \"A design methodology to predict the product energy efficiency through a configuration tool,\" Advances on Mechanics, Design Engineering and Manufacturing, pp. 1095–1105, Sep. 2016.\n[17]\tLandi D, Cicconi P, Germani M, Russo AC. \"A Methodological Approach to Support the Design of Induction Hobs\". Volume 11: Systems, Design, and Complexity, ASME International; Nov 11, 2016.\n[18]\tS.E. Zorrilla, R.P. Singh, \"Heat transfer in double-sided cooking of meat patties considering two-dimensional geometry and radial shrinkage\", J. Food Eng. 57, pp 57–65, 2003. \n[19]\tF. Sanz-Serrano, C. Sagues, and S. Llorente, \"Inverse modeling of pan heating in domestic cookers,\" Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 92, pp. 137–148, 2016.\n[20]\tYunus A. Çengel, \"Heat and mass transfer. A practical approach.\" Mcgraw-Hill, 2007. \n[21]\tFrank P. Incropera, David P. Dewitt, \"Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer.\" John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2001."]}

Nowadays, electric vehicles fill a relevant car market share. The Li-Ion batteries currently represent the best solution in term of environmental impact and performance. Thermal management for Li-Ion batteries is a very interesting topic, since high temperatures accelerate degradation rate of a cell and compromise its safety level. The battery thermal modeling can be quite challenging. The proposed approach describes a methodology to simulate different thermal management algorithms in order to obtain an uniform temperature distribution in a Li-Ion battery pack. A test case has been developed where the application of an thermal algorithm has been analyzed through CFD simulations.