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Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with its incidence steadily rising each year, representing a significant threat to human health. Early detection, diagnosis, and timely treatment play a crucial role in improving survival rates and reducing mortality. In recent years, significant and rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology have found successful applications in various clinical areas, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. AI not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of physician diagnosis but also aids in patient treatment and management. This comprehensive review presents an overview of fundamental AI-related algorithms and highlights their clinical applications in lung nodule detection, lung cancer pathology classification, gene mutation prediction, treatment strategies, and prognosis. Additionally, the rapidly advancing field of AI-based three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction in lung cancer surgical resection is discussed. Lastly, the limitations of AI and future prospects are addressed., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Yang, Miao, Liu, Zhang, Zhang, Guo, Gao, Li, Wang, Liang, Li, Bai and Zhang.)

Backgrounds: Advanced ovarian cancer is frequently accompanied by extensive peritoneal metastasis, complicating surgical interventions. This study aims to explore the application of 3D reconstruction and 3D printing technology in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer., Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 60 patients with stage III ovarian cancer who underwent cytoreductive surgery at Hebei University Affiliated Hospital between 2020 and 2023. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: a 3D visualization group, a 3D visualization plus 3D printing group, and a traditional 2D CT imaging evaluation group. High-precision medical imaging techniques (e.g., CT, MRI) were employed to create digital 3D models, which were then converted into physical entities using 3D printing for surgical planning and simulation., Results: Both the 3D visualization group and the 3D visualization plus 3D printing group demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of surgery duration and blood loss compared to the traditional 2D CT group, indicating the efficacy of 3D reconstruction and 3D printing in preoperative planning. Postoperative recovery indicators, such as hospital stay and time to first flatus, were also more favorable in the groups utilizing 3D technology. Although there were no significant differences in postoperative complications and recurrence rates among the three groups, the groups using 3D technology showed advantages in reducing certain complications., Conclusions: The results indicate that medical 3D technology has significant value in the surgical planning of advanced ovarian cancer, enhancing surgical precision and reducing intraoperative risks, which may aid in improving postoperative recovery., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Cai, Zhang, Li and Suo.)

Both ceftiofur (CTO) and high copper are widely utilized in animal production in China, and the occurrence of CTX-M-carrying Escherichia coli in food-producing animals is increasing. There are some specific associations between in-feed high-level copper and antibiotic resistance, but research in Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli remains scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high-copper diet on the horizontal transfer of bla CTX-M-1 among E. coli . A total of 32 male SPF rats aged 21 days were randomly assigned to the following four groups: control (6 mg/kg in-feed copper, C - ), high copper (240 mg/kg in-feed copper, H - ), CTO (6 mg/kg in-feed copper with oral CTO administration, C + ), and high copper plus CTO (240 mg/kg in-feed copper with oral CTO administration, H + ). All rats were orally inoculated with an E. coli strain harboring a conjugative plasmid carrying bla CTX-M-1 , and the C + and H + groups were given 10 mg/kg of body weight (BW) CTO hydrochloride at 26, 27, and 28 days, while the C - and H - groups were given salad oil at the same dose. Fecal samples collected at different time points were used for the enumeration of E. coli on Mac plates or for molecular analysis using PCR, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), S1-PFGE, and Southern-blot hybridization. The results showed that the number of the bla CTX-M-1 gene in the H - group was higher and that the loss speed of this gene was slower compared with the C - group. After administration of CTO, the counts of cefotaxime-resistant E. coli were significantly higher in the C + group than that in the corresponding control group (C + vs. C - ; H + vs. H - ). In the in vitro test, the results showed that the transfer rates of the conjugation induced by the H - (12 mmol/L) group were significantly higher than that of low copper (2 mmol/L) group. The indigenous sensitive isolates, which were homologous to the bla CTX-M -positive isolates of rat feces, were found by PFGE. The further analysis of S1-PFGE and Southern-blot hybridization confirmed that the bla CTX-M-1 gene in new transconjugants was derived from the inoculated strain. Taken together, high-copper diet facilitates the horizontal transfer and maintenance of the resistant genes in the intestine of rats, although the effects of antibiotics on bacterial resistance appearance and maintenance are more obvious., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Liu, Li, Weng, Zhang, Guo, Huang and Yao.)