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3. The effects of sesquiterpenes-rich extract of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. on amyloid-β-induced cognitive impairment and neuronal abnormalities in the cortex and hippocampus of mice.

Author

Shi SH, Zhao X, Liu B, Li H, Liu AJ, Wu B, Bi KS, and Jia Y

Subjects
Acetylcholinesterase metabolism, Alpinia metabolism, Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases metabolism, Amyloid beta-Peptides toxicity, Animals, Behavior, Animal drug effects, Cerebral Cortex metabolism, Cerebral Cortex pathology, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cognition Disorders chemically induced, Cognition Disorders drug therapy, Cognition Disorders physiopathology, Glutathione Peroxidase metabolism, Hippocampus metabolism, Hippocampus pathology, Male, Malondialdehyde metabolism, Maze Learning drug effects, Mice, Mice, Inbred ICR, Peptide Fragments toxicity, Plant Extracts analysis, Plant Extracts chemistry, Sesquiterpenes chemistry, Sesquiterpenes therapeutic use, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Alpinia chemistry, Cerebral Cortex drug effects, Hippocampus drug effects, Sesquiterpenes pharmacology
Abstract

As a kind of medicine which can also be used as food, Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. has a long clinical history in China. A variety of studies demonstrated the significant neuroprotective activity effects of chloroform (CF) extract from the fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla. In order to further elucidate the possible mechanisms of CF extract which mainly contains sesquiterpenes with neuroprotection on the cognitive ability, mice were injected with Aβ(1-42) and later with CF in this study. The results showed that the long-term treatment of CF enhanced the cognitive performances in behavior tests, increased activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and amyloid-β (Aβ), and reversed the activation of microglia, degeneration of neuronal acidophilia, and nuclear condensation in the cortex and hippocampus. These results demonstrate that CF ameliorates learning and memory deficits by attenuating oxidative stress and regulating the activation of microglia and degeneration of neuronal acidophilia to reinforce cholinergic functions.

Published
2014
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