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Introduction: It is unclear how tranexamic acid (TXA) affects blood loss and seizures in meningioma resections. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis and tried to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TXA use for patients undergoing meningioma resections. Methods: Regards to this systematic review and meta-analysis (registered with CRD42023416693), we searched PubMed, Embase (Ovid), EBSCO, and Cochrane central library up to and including Oct 2023. Patients undergoing meningioma resections treated with TXA and placebo or no treatment were eligible for this study. This would allow delineation of the impact of TXA on blood loss, postoperative seizure, and other complication incidences. Results: Four prospective cohort studies with 781 patients (390 patients in the TXA group and 391 patients in the control group) were conducted via a systematic review and meta-analysis. The results suggested that the application of TXA for patients undergoing meningioma resections reduced mean blood loss of 252 mL with 95% confidence interval (CI) -469.26 to -34.67 (P = 0.02) and I2 of 94% but did not increase postoperative seizure (risk ratio: 1.08; 95%CI: 0.54 to 2.15; P = 0.84) and other complication rates. Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that the administration of TXA could reduce blood loss in patients undergoing intracerebral meningioma resection. Registry information: The systematic review protocol has been registered at PROSPERO (Registration No. CRD42023416693) on April 23, 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translation is a crucial process during plant growth and morphogenesis. In grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), many transcripts can be detected by RNA sequencing; however, their translational regulation is still largely unknown, and a great number of translation products have not yet been identified. Here, ribosome footprint sequencing was carried out to reveal the translational profile of RNAs in grapevine. A total of 8291 detected transcripts were divided into four parts, including the coding, untranslated regions (UTR), intron, and intergenic regions, and the 26 nt ribosome-protected fragments (RPFs) showed a 3 nt periodic distribution. Furthermore, the predicted proteins were identified and classified by GO analysis. More importantly, 7 heat shock-binding proteins were found to be involved in molecular chaperone DNA J families participating in abiotic stress responses. These 7 proteins have different expression patterns in grape tissues; one of them was significantly upregulated by heat stress according to bioinformatics research and was identified as DNA JA6. The subcellular localization results showed that VvDNA JA6 and VvHSP70 were both localized on the cell membrane. Therefore, we speculate that DNA JA6 may interact with HSP70. In addition, overexpression of VvDNA JA6 and VvHSP70, reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, improved the antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), increased the content of proline, an osmolyte substance, and affected the expression of the high-temperature marker genes VvHsfB1, VvHsfB2A, VvHsfC and VvHSP100. In summary, our study proved that VvDNA JA6 and the heat shock protein VvHSP70 play a positive role in the response to heat stress. This study lays a foundation for further exploring the balance between gene expression and protein translation in grapevine under heat stress.

Liquid metal (LM) and liquid metal alloys (LMs) possess unique physicochemical features, which have become emerging and functionalized materials that are attractive applicants in various fields. Herein, uniform LM nanodroplets armored by carbon dots (LMD@CDs) were prepared and exhibited high colloidal stability in various solvents, as well as water. After optimization, LMD@CDs can be applied as functional additives for the 3D/4D printing of hydrogel and cross‐linked resin through digital light processing (DLP). The light absorption of LMD@CDs not only improved the printing accuracy, but also led to the cross‐linking density differential during the post‐curing process. Base on the cross‐linking density differential of soft hydrogel and photothermal performance of the LM, the 3D printed objects can exhibit stimulus responses to both water and laser irradiation. Additionally, the CDs shell and LM core of LMD@CDs provide the printed objects interesting photoluminescence and electric conductivity capabilities, respectively. We deduce this versatile 3D/4D printing system would provide a new platform for the preparation of multi‐functional and stimuli‐responsive advance materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enzyme-linked i2mmunosorbent assays (ELISAs) that measure circulating phylloquinone have become commercially available, but their validity is uncertain. The objective of this study was to compare plasma phylloquinone concentrations measured using two commercially available ELISAs with concentrations measured using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay in 108 samples obtained from participants in a depletion (~10 mcg phylloquinone/d)-supplementation (~500 mcg phylloquinone/d) study. The geometric mean of plasma phylloquinone measured with ELISA A was 0.70 nmol/L, 37% lower than that measured with HPLC. The mean of the ELISA B measures was 12.4 nmol/L, >700% higher than the HPLC measures. Plasma phylloquinone measured using HPLC was significantly lower during phylloquinone depletion than supplementation (0.4 ± 0.1 compared with 1.2 ± 0.2 nmol/L; P < 0.001). Neither of the two ELISAs detected any significant difference in plasma phylloquinone concentrations between depletion and supplementation (ELISA A, P = 0.76; ELISA B, P = 0.29). These findings reinforce the need to validate plasma phylloquinone assays as they become available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shape memory polyamide elastomers have attracted large attention owing to a variety of favorable properties (e.g., designable chemical structure, good thermal stability, flexibility, and elasticity, et al). However, the polyamide elastomer reported recently still lack good mechanical property. In the present work, a new type of shape memory thermoplastic polyamide elastomer (TPAE), composed of long carbon chain PA1212 and polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG), is synthesized through two‐step melt polycondensation, which is named as poly(ether‐b‐amide) (PEBA). The chemical structure of PEBA is confirmed by FTIR results and it also shows excellent mechanical properties. PEBA, possessing two melting temperatures, stay in microphase separation among PTMEG soft domains and PA1212 hard domains that are amorphous and α crystal, respectively. Furthermore, PEBA can fix a temporary shape after the heated strip is twisted and cooled down and then recover to the original shape after secondary heating, which is attributed to the fixing force provided by PTMEG domains and entropy elasticity of physically cross‐linked PA1212 domains, respectively. Besides, PEBA elastomer can be reshaped between ≈190 and ≈380 °C and it also has shape memory behavior. This new kind of TPAE proposes a new smart material for sensors and soft robotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FeCoNiCrMo0.2 high entropy alloy has many excellent properties, such as high strength, high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance, and high ductility. To further improve the properties of this coating, FeCoNiCrMo high entropy alloy (HEA) coatings, and two composite coatings, FeCoNiCrMo0.2 + WC and FeCoNiCrMo0.2 + WC + CeO2, were prepared on the surface of 316L stainless steel by laser cladding technology. After adding WC ceramic powder and CeO2 rare earth control, the microstructure, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the three coatings were carefully studied. The results show that WC powder significantly improved the hardness of the HEA coating and reduced the friction factor. The FeCoNiCrMo0.2 + 32%WC coating showed excellent mechanical properties, but the distribution of hard phase particles in the coating microstructure was uneven, resulting in unstable distribution of hardness and wear resistance in each region of the coating. After adding 2% nano-CeO2 rare earth oxide, although the hardness and friction factor decreased slightly compared with the FeCoNiCrMo0.2 + 32%WC coating, the coating grain structure was finer, which reduced the porosity and crack sensitivity of the coating, and the phase composition of the coating did not change; there was a uniform hardness distribution, a more stable friction coefficient, and the flattest wear morphology. In addition, under the same corrosive environment, the value of polarization impedance of the FeCoNiCrMo0.2 + 32%WC + 2%CeO2 coating was greater, the corrosion rate was relatively low, and the corrosion resistance was better. Therefore, based on various indexes, the FeCoNiCrMo0.2 + 32%WC + 2%CeO2 coating has the best comprehensive performance and can extend the service life of 316L workpieces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nylon 11,11 is a new odd-odd polyamide with multiple crystalline structures. The wide-angle X-ray scattering indicated that the structure of quenched sample was not amorphous but a γ-form crystal with a relatively low crystallinity. The α-form and the γ-form crystal of nylon 11,11 could be obtained by annealing the quenched samples at high and low temperature, respectively. No crystal transition happened for the α-form sample when annealed at any temperature before melting. However, the γ-form would quickly transform into the α-form when annealed above 145°C. Under the stretching conditions, the α-form rapidly transformed into the γ-form at low temperature, while the γ-form changed into the α-form only at high temperature. These results indicated that the stretching inducement was beneficial to produce the γ-form, and the thermal inducement was favorable to forming the α-form., INTRODUCTION Aliphatic polyamides, commonly called nylons, are a subject of eternal interest owing to their variety, their complex internal structures, their various preparation and their importance and versatility in commercial [...]

The isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon 1111 was extensively studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The equilibrium melting temperature of nylon 1111 was determined to be 188°C. In this article, the Avrami equation was used to describe the isothermal crystallization behavior of nylon 1111. On the basis of the DSC results, the Avrami exponent, n, was determined to be around 3 during the isothermal crystallization process. Nonisothermal crystallization was analyzed using both the Avrami equation as modified by Jeziorny and an equation suggested by Mo. The larger value of the Avrami exponent, n, during the nonisothermal crystallization process indicates that the development of nucleation and crystal growth are more complicated during the nonisothermal crystallization for nylon 1111, and that the nucleation mode might simultaneously include both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleations. The isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization activation energies of nylon 1111 were determined to be -132 kJ/ mol and -121 kJ/mol using the Arrhenius equation and the Kissinger method, respectively. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 49:1366-1374, 2009. [C] 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers, INTRODUCTION Aliphatic polyamides, commonly named nylons, have been widely investigated and applied as a result of their excellent properties which include: high modulus, pronounced toughness, low creep, and good temperature [...]

Background: Previous studies report that intraoperative hypotension worsens outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, the hypotensive harm threshold for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) remains unclear., Methods: The authors included aSAH patients who had general anesthesia for aneurysmal clipping/coiling. MACE were defined by a composite of acute myocardial injury, acute myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular complications identified by electrocardiogram and echocardiography. The authors initially used logistic regression and change-point analysis based on the second derivative to identify mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 75 mmHg as the harm threshold. Thereafter, our major exposure was MAP below 75 mmHg characterized by area, duration, and time-weighted average. The area below 75 mmHg represents the severity and duration of exposure and was defined as the sum of all areas below a specified threshold using the trapezoid rule. Time-weighted average MAP was derived by dividing area below the threshold by the duration of anesthesia. All analyses were adjusted for baseline risk factors including age greater than 70 years, female sex, severity of intracerebral hemorrhage, history of cardiovascular disease, and preoperative elevated myocardial enzymes., Results: Among 1029 patients enrolled, 254 (25%) developed postoperative MACE. Patients who experienced MACE were slightly older (59±11 vs. 54±11 years), were slightly more often women (69 vs. 58%), and had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular history (65 vs. 47%). Adjusted cardiovascular risk increased nearly linearly over the entire range of observed MAP. However, there was a slight inflexion at MAP of 75 mmHg. MACE was significantly associated with area [adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 1.004 per 10 mmHg.min, 95% CI: 1.001-1.007, P =0.002), duration (aOR 1.031 per 10 min, 95% CI: 1.009-1.054, P =0.006), and time-weighted average (aOR 3.516 per 10 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.818-6.801, P <0.001) of MAP less than 75 mmHg., Conclusions: Lower blood pressures were associated with cardiovascular complications over the entire observed range, but worsened when MAP was less than 75 mmHg. Pending trial data to establish causality, it may be prudent to keep MAP above 75 mmHg in patients having surgical aSAH repairs to reduce the risk of MACE., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)