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A 45-year-old male patient, recently diagnosed with HIV infection, admitted to the emergency department for constitutional syndrome plus acute confusional syndrome, with suspected opportunistic germ neuroinfection. Physical examination revealed incipient skin lesions characterized by violaceous spots on the lower limbs and on the hard palate of 5x5mm in diameter, with no adenopathies. Serology was performed for positive IGG toxoplasmosis, coproparasitic revealed positive fecal occult blood. Computed tomography of the brain and chest revealed opportunistic infection due to cerebral toxoplasmosis, and multiple nodular lesions in the chest. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed elevated lesions with central ulceration and biopsies were taken. The histopathology result of the biopsies revealed Kaposi's Sarcoma with Gastric involvement.

A 17-year-old female patient, with a thyroid nodule one year ago, ultrasound found a nodule in the right thyroid lobe TIRADS III. On physical examination, nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid measuring 3cm in diameter with regular borders, semi-fixed, hard, without pain on palpation. The result of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was papillary thyroid carcinoma, Bethesda VI. Total thyroidectomy was performed; rapid intraoperative histology was positive for probable papillary carcinoma malignancy, level VI lymph node dissection was performed. Definitive report of histopathology was papillary thyroid carcinoma. She received treatment with I 131, classified as T3N0M0, annual follow up without tumor activity. KEYWORDS: Thyroid cancer, papillary carcinoma, thyroid nodule.

Marfan syndrome is a rare disease, it has a lot of manifestations, between them, pneumothorax, due to bullae. We present the case of a male patient, previously healthy, who was admitted into the thoracic surgery service, with spontaneous pneumothorax, with placement of a chest tube for 6 days, in a previous health service without improvement. In the physical exam he presented signs compatible with the Marfan Syndrome. Videothorascopy was performed with bullectomy and pleurodecis, no recurrence was observed. Additional studies were performed, it was found dilatation of the aorta and prolapse of mitral valve, compatible with Marfan.

BACKGROUND: acute kidney injury (AKI) is a very frequent disorder, acts as a morbidity and mortality factor in hospitalized older adults. It is a public health problem associated with several factors, some modifiable. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with AKI in elderly patients hospitalized in the emergency service of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital (HVCM). METHODS: analytical cross-sectional study carried out in Cuenca in the HVCM emergency service from March 2018 to March 2020. The sampling was probabilistic, evaluating 200 older adults. The KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) criteria were used to determine and classify AKI. The data were analyzed with the SPSS v.20.0 program, using the prevalence ratio (OR) to measure association, with a 95% CI and with statistical significance p RESULTS: the mean age was 80 ± 8.37 years, the female gender predominated and the majority had a primary education level. The prevalence of AKI was 33%. Four out of ten older adults had AKI stage 3 and more than half had high blood pressure and use nephrotoxic. The associated factors were: sepsis (OR2.27; 95%CI 1.58-3.27; p 0.0002), dehydration (OR1.73; 95%CI 1.18-2.54; p 0.006) and diabetes mellitus (OR1.58; 95%CI 1.07– 2.34 p 0.0181). CONCLUSIONS: more than a third of hospitalized older adults presented AKI; KDIGO stage 3 predominated and was associated with: sepsis, dehydration and diabetes mellitus.

Authors: Molino, A.; Costa-Duarte, M. V.; Sampedro, L.; Herpich, F. R.; Sodré, L., Jr.; Mendes de Oliveira, C.; Schoenell, W.; Barbosa, C. E.; Queiroz, C.; Lima, E. V. R.; Azanha, L.; Muñoz-Elgueta, N.; Ribeiro, T.; Kanaan, A.; Hernandez-Jimenez, J. A.; Cortesi, A.; Akras, S.; Lopes de Oliveira, R.; Torres-Flores, S.; Lima-Dias, C.; Castellon, J. L. Nilo; Damke, G.; Alvarez-Candal, A.; Jiménez-Teja, Y.; Coelho, P.; Pereira, E.; Montero-Dorta, A. D.; Benítez, N.; Gonçalves, T. S.; Santana-Silva, L.; Werner, S. V.; Almeida, L. A.; Lopes, P. A. A.; Chies-Santos, A. L.; Telles, E.; de Souza, Thom; C, R.; Gonçalves, D. R.; de Souza, R. S.; Makler, M.; Buzzo, M. L.; Placco, V. M.; Nakazono, L. M. I.; Saito, R. K.; Overzier, R. A.; Abramo, L. R., In this paper we present a thorough discussion about the photometric redshift (photo-z) performance of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). This survey combines a seven narrow +5 broad passband filter system, with a typical photometric-depth of r ∼ 21 AB. For this exercise, we utilize the Data Release 1 (DR1), corresponding to 336 deg2 from the Stripe-82 region. We rely on the BPZ2 code to compute our estimates, using a new library of SED models, which includes additional templates for quiescent galaxies. When compared to a spectroscopic redshift control sample of ∼100 k galaxies, we find a precision of σz, AM would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Brazilian funding agency FAPESP (Post-doc fellowship - process number 2014/11806-9), and his colleague Dr. Carlos Lopez-Sanjuan for all his valuable advices regarding PDF analysis. Likewise, AM acknowledges Ulisses Manzo and Carlos E. Paladini at IAG/USP for helping with software installation. In addition, AM would like to dedicate this work to his first son Tiago who was born in Brazil during the time this paper was written. MVCD thanks his scholarship from FAPESP (processes 2014/18632-6 and 2016/052549). This work has used the computing facilities of the Laboratory of Astroinformatics (IAG/USP, NAT/Unicsul), whose purchase was made possible by the Brazilian agency FAPESP (grant 2009/540064) and the INCT-A. LS acknowledges the financial support of the Brazilian funding agency FAPESP (Post-doc fellowship -process number 2016/21664-2). The S-PLUS project, including the T80S robotic telescope and the S-PLUS scientific survey, was founded as a partnership between the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), the Observatorio Nacional (ON), the Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), and the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), with important financial and practical contributions from other collaborating institutes in Brazil, Chile (Universidad de La Serena), and Spain (Centro de Estudios de Fisica del Cosmos de Aragon, CEFCA). LSJ acknowledges support from FAPESP and CNPq. CMdO acknowledges support from FAPESP (grants 2009/54202-8, 2011/51680-6, 2014/07684-5, 2016/17119-9, 2017/50277-0, and 2019/11910-4) and CNPq (grant 312333/20145). JLNC is grateful for financial support received from the grant programs FA9550-15-1-0167 and FA9550-18-1-0018 of the Southern Office of Aerospace Research and Development (SOARD), a branch of theAir ForceOffice of the ScientificResearch International Office of the United States (AFOSR/IO). ADMD thanks FAPESP for financial support. SA acknowledges financial support from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, grant 454794/2015-0). AAC acknowledges support from FAPERJ (grant E26/203.186/2016) and CNPq (grants 304971/20162 and 401669/2016-5). LAA would like to acknowledge the financial support from FAPESP (N 2012/09716-6, 2013/18245-0). AC acknowledges funding from CNPq (403580/2016-1, 311153/20186) and FAPERGS (17/2551-0001). JAHJ thanks Brazilian institution CNPq for financial support through postdoctoral fellowship (project 150237/2017-0) and Chilean institution CONICYT, Programa de Astronomia, Fondo ALMA-CONICYT 2017, Codigo de proyecto 31170038. PAAL thanks the support of CNPq, grant 309398/20185. We are grateful for the contributions of CTIO staff in helping in the construction, comissioning, andmaintenance of the telescope and camera, and we are particularly thankful to the CTIO director, Steve Heathcote, for his support at every phase, without which this project would not have been completed. We thank Cesar Iniguez for making the 2D measurements of the filter transmissions at CEFCA. We warmly thank David Cristobal-Hornillos and his group for helping us to install and run the reduction package JYPE version 0.9.9 in the SPLUS computer system in Chile. We warmly thank Mariano Moles, Javier Cenarro, Tamara Civera, Sergio Chueca, Javier Hernandez Fuertes, AntonioMarin Franch, JesusVareta, Hector-VazquezRamio, and Alessandro Ederoclite - the success of the S-PLUS project relies on the dedication of these and other CEFCA staff members in building OAJ and running J-PLUS and J-PAS. We deeply thank Rene Laporte and INPE, as well as Keith Taylor, for their contributions to the T80S camera.

Antecedentes: La fasciolosis humana, es una enfermedad emergente, incluida por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como una enfermedad tropical desatendida. Por razón, se espera que en los próximos años se presente un incremento de la prevalencia global, debido a cambios en los factores sociodemográficos y al aumento del calentamiento global, que generan una expansión de los huéspedes intermediarios y del parásito. En la actualidad se desconoce datos sobre la prevalencia de fasciolosis a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Este estudio pretende estimar la prevalencia de la fasciolosis humana a nivel global en un periodo de 35 años y sus características demográficas. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en diferentes bases de datos sobre la prevalencia de fasciolosis humana en un periodo determinado de 1985 hasta 2021. Se utilizó estrategias de búsquedas avanzadas combinadas con las palabras claves; luego se hizo un cribado según el título y resumen. Finalmente, se hizo una revisión del artículo completo, en donde, se aplicaron los criterios de inclusión, exclusión y herramientas de evaluación de calidad de los artículos. Se efectuó un metaanálisis de los datos extraídos mediante el Programa STATA, así como un análisis de sensibilidad por estudio. Resultados: Identificamos 5 671 artículos registrados y analizamos 51 estudios elegibles. Se encontró prevalencias anuales de fasciolosis por estudio de 0,04% hasta valores de 27,6%, resultando en una prevalencia global de fasciolosis de 2,3%. Conclusión: Se confirma un aumento de la prevalencia de fasciolosis global. Background: Human fasciolosis is an emerging disease, listed by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease. For this reason, it is expected that in the coming years there will be an increase in global prevalence due to changes in sociodemographic factors and the increase in global warming, which generate an expansion of the intermediate hosts and the parasite. Data on the prevalence of fasciolosis worldwide are currently unknown. Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of human fasciolosis globally over a period of 35 years and its demographic characteristics. Materials and methods: A systematic review was carried out in different databases on the prevalence of human fasciolosis in a specific period from 1985 to 2021. Advanced search strategies were used, combining the keywords, then a screening was made according to the title and abstract, the full article was finally reviewed. Where, the inclusion and exclusion criteria and quality evaluation tools of the articles were applied. A meta-analysis of the data extracted using the STATA Program was performed, as well as a sensitivity analysis by study. Results: We identified 5 671 records and analyzed 51 eligible studies. Annual prevalence of fasciolosis per study was found from 0.04% to values of 27.6%, resulting in an overall prevalence of fasciolosis of 2.3%. Conclusion: An increase in the prevalence of global fasciolosis is confirmed.

In this study we define a new sample of distant powerful radio galaxies in order to study their host-galaxy properties and provide targets for future observations of HI absorption with new radio telescopes and to understand the fuelling and feedback from such sources. We have cross-matched the Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) radio catalogue at 843 MHz with the VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) near-infrared catalogue using the Likelihood Ratio technique. Photometric redshifts from the Dark Energy Survey are then used to assign redshifts to the radio source counterparts. We found a total of 249 radio sources with photometric redshifts over a 148 deg^2 region. By fitting the optical and near-infrared photometry with spectral synthesis models we determine the stellar mass and star-formation rates of the radio sources, finding typical stellar masses of 10^{11} - 10^{12}M$_{\odot}$ for the powerful high-redshift radio galaxies. We also find a population of low-mass blue galaxies. However, by comparing the derived star-formation rates to the radio luminosity, we suggest that these sources are false positives in our likelihood ratio analysis. Follow up, higher-resolution (, 11 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Since the beginning of humanity, an attempt has been made to explain the way in which man acquires knowledge, the way in which he assimilates, processes and executes it in order to develop the teaching-learning process that people need throughout of his life, which forces to change the learning schemes using new study methodologies, such as neuroscience, which is a discipline that studies the functioning of the brain, the relationship of neurons to the formation of synapses creating immediate responses which transmits to the body voluntarily and involuntarily, in addition to controlling the central and peripheral nervous system with their respective functions. It is necessary to change the traditional scheme and implement new strategies that allow the teacher to venture into neuroscience, in order to individually understand the different learning processes that students do. As some authors of neuroscience say, the brain performs processes of acquisition, storage and evocation of information, which form new knowledge schemes that generate changes in the attitude of the human being, for this reason teachers are responsible for taking advantage of what It is known about the multiple functions of the brain and be clear about the various ways of acquiring knowledge.

The brain is an important organ that directs all the actions of the body and the intervention that it has in human behavior, is fundamental for the analysis of the subject since by means of its study it can be analyzed its structure, functioning, coordination, and control. Exercises in different actions, where they link the knowledge of What is the brain?. What is learning?. And What is neuroscience? to recognize the impact they exert on the daily actions of the human being. The present work uses the bibliographic reference where the information will have sustained, which aims to define the importance of the Brain and its relationship in learning activities, through experience and knowledge. Finally, the conclusions of the work ha exposed, where technological and scientific advances have detailed with respect to the importance of the brain in the learning and teaching processes, from different sciences, understanding the importance and development of the knowledge.

Orientador: Ihiel Schwartz Schneider Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Tecnologia de Alimentos Resumo: Com a finalidade de testar a viabilidade da utilização de pescado como substituto parcial da carne na elaboração de salsichas tipo Viena, preliminarmente realizaram-se análises da composição química da polpa de pescado e provas de rendimento desta em: cação (Mustellus mustellus), pescada foguete (Macrodon ancylodon) e sardinha (Sardinella aurita). Também determinou-se: a) as perdas de sólidos totais e material nitrogenado solúvel na água empregada para lavar a polpa, a fim de desodoriza-la parcialmente; b) a capacidade de retenção de água na polpa lavada. Devido as perdas durante a lavagem, decidiu-se abandonar o processo de desodorização, optando-se pelo uso de polpa não lavada. Assim sendo, foram efetuadas quatro provas em nível de laboratório e cinco experiências na planta piloto, tentando-se elaborar um embutido misto. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas no produto experimental antes e depois da pasteurização, e durante a armazenagem em temperatura entre 5° e 10°C. Paralelamente foram feitas determinações de: trimetilamina (TMA); bases voláteis totais (BVT); ácidos graxos livres (AGL); índice de Peróxidos (IP); acido tiobarbitúrico (TBA); pH e nitrito de sódio residual. O tempo máximo de conservação do produto armazenado em temperatura entre 5° e 10°C, foi de 12 a 14 dias. Finalmente, foram também conduzidas análises sensoriais, evidenciando que o produto experimental apresentou características de sabor, textura e preferência, semelhantes aos produtos tradicionais do mercado Abstract: In order to test the feasibility of utilizing fish as a partial substitute for meat in the manufacture of Vienna-type sausage, preliminary analyses were carried out to determine the chemical composition and yield of fish pulp from: shark (Mustellus mustellus), hake (Macrodon ancylodon) and sardine (Sardinella aurita). Measurements included: a) Losses of total solids and soluble nitrogenous material in the wash water used to obtain the deodorized fish pulp; b) Water retention capacity of the washed fish pulp. Due to severe losses occuring during the washing process, it was decided to omit this step; the manufacturing of mixed sausage was continued with non-washed fish pulp. Four trials were made at the laboratory level and five batches on a pilot plant scale. The microbiological content of the experimental product was determined before and after pasteurization and during different periods of storage at temperature between 41° and 50°F (5° and 10°C). At the same time determinations were made of: trimethylamine (TMA); total volatile bases (TVB); free fatty acids (FFA); Peroxid Index (PI); thiobarbituric acid (TBA); pH and residual sodium nitrite. The shelf life of the experimental product under refrigeration was 12 to 14 days. Finally sensory evaluation of the mixed sausage showed that taste, texture and preference was good and similar to commercial meat sausages Mestrado Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos

Este proyecto tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de un plan de negocios para la producción y comercialización de una bebida fortificada que combate la anemia; para llevar a cabo este proyecto se ha conformado la empresa Vital Group que con su producto Forti-Vital, estará enfocada en los segmentos socioeconómicos C/D/E, inicialmente en Lima Metropolitana. Cabe destacar que la anemia fue declarada en el 2018 por el Gobierno de Perú como el principal problema de salud de la población infantil. Los datos del presente trabajo no contemplan los efectos originados a raíz de la pandemia del COVID-19.

La investigación se centra en contribuir en la protección de información financiera de las Unidades de Gestión Educativa Local en la región Lambayeque, por no contar con un modelo de seguridad de la información para sus activos de información financiera, analizando cómo se encuentran actualmente estas unidades, se pudo comprobar que requieren establecer controles que ayuden a proteger dicha información, así minimizar las consecuencias de las amenazas a las que están expuestas. El objetivo general planteado fue contribuir en la mejora de la seguridad de los activos de información financiera de las Unidades de Gestión Educativa Local de la región Lambayeque, de tal manera que se propuso un modelo de seguridad de la información, analizando marcos de trabajo y estándares internacionales relacionados con este estudio, para adaptarlos al contexto de la unidad de gestión educativa local. El modelo fue validado por tres expertos, logrando medir la confiabilidad mediante el uso de alfa de Cronbach, así también su concordancia con Kendall, esto permitió demostrar que es válido y se puede aplicar como herramienta en la gestión de seguridad de la información para contribuir en la mejora de activos de información financiera en el sector de Unidades de Gestión Educativa Local.

Full list of authors: Bonoli, S.; Marín-Franch, A.; Varela, J.; Vázquez Ramió, H.; Abramo, L. R.; Cenarro, A. J.; Dupke, R. A.; Vílchez, J. M.; Cristóbal-Hornillos, D.; González Delgado, R. M.; Hernández-Monteagudo, C.; López-Sanjuan, C.; Muniesa, D. J.; Civera, T.; Ederoclite, A.; Hernán-Caballero, A.; Marra, V.; Baqui, P. O.; Cortesi, A.; Cypriano, E. S.; Daflon, S.; de Amorim, A. L.; Díaz-García, L. A.; Diego, J. M.; Martínez-Solaeche, G.; Pérez, E.; Placco, V. M.; Prada, F.; Queiroz, C.; Alcaniz, J.; Alvarez-Candal, A.; Cepa, J.; Maroto, A. L.; Roig, F.; Siffert, B. B.; Taylor, K.; Benitez, N.; Moles, M.; Sodré, L.; Carneiro, S.; Mendes de Oliveira, C.; Abdalla, E.; Angulo, R. E.; Aparicio Resco, M.; Balaguera-Antolínez, A.; Ballesteros, F. J.; Brito-Silva, D.; Broadhurst, T.; Carrasco, E. R.; Castro, T.; Cid Fernandes, R.; Coelho, P.; de Melo, R. B.; Doubrawa, L.; Fernandez-Soto, A.; Ferrari, F.; Finoguenov, A.; García-Benito, R.; Iglesias-Páramo, J.; Jiménez-Teja, Y.; Kitaura, F. S.; Laur, J.; Lopes, P. A. A.; Lucatelli, G.; Martínez, V. J.; Maturi, M.; Overzier, R. A.; Pigozzo, C.; Quartin, M.; Rodríguez-Martín, J. E.; Salzano, V.; Tamm, A.; Tempel, E.; Umetsu, K.; Valdivielso, L. ; von Marttens, R.; Zitrin, A.; Díaz-Martín, M. C.; López-Alegre, G.; López-Sainz, A.; Yanes-Díaz, A.; Rueda-Teruel, F.; Rueda-Teruel, S.; Abril Ibañez, J.; L Antón Bravo, J.; Bello Ferrer, R.; Bielsa, S.; Casino, J. M.; Castillo, J.; Chueca, S.; Cuesta, L.; Garzarán Calderaro, J.; Iglesias-Marzoa, R.; Íniguez, C.; Lamadrid Gutierrez, J. L.; Lopez-Martinez, F.; Lozano-Pérez, D.; Maícas Sacristán, N.; Molina-Ibáñez, E. L.; Moreno-Signes, A.; Rodríguez Llano, S.; Royo Navarro, M.; Tilve Rua, V.; Andrade, U.; Alfaro, E. J.; Akras, S.; Arnalte-Mur, P.; Ascaso, B.; Barbosa, C. E.; Beltrán Jiménez, J.; Benetti, M.; Bengaly, C. A. P.; Bernui, A.; Blanco-Pillado, J. J.; Borges Fernandes, M.; Bregman, J. N.; Bruzual, G.; Calderone, G.; Carvano, J. M.; Casarini, L.; Chaves-Montero, J.; Chies-Santos, A. L.; Coutinho de Carvalho, G.; Dimauro, P.; Duarte Puertas, S.; Figueruelo, D.; González-Serrano, J. I.; Guerrero, M. A.; Gurung-López, S.; Herranz, D.; Huertas-Company, M.; Irwin, J. A.; Izquierdo-Villalba, D.; Kanaan, A.; Kehrig, C.; Kirkpatrick, C. C.; Lim, J.; Lopes, A. R.; Lopes de Oliveira, R.; Marcos-Caballero, A.; Martínez-Delgado, D.; Martínez-González, E.; Martínez-Somonte, G.; Oliveira, N.; Orsi, A. A.; Penna-Lima, M.; Reis, R. R. R.; Spinoso, D.; Tsujikawa, S.; Vielva, P.; Vitorelli, A. Z.; Xia, J. Q.; Yuan, H. B.; Arroyo-Polonio, A.; Dantas, M. L. L.; Galarza, C. A.; Gonçalves, D. R.; Gonçalves, R. S.; Gonzalez, J. E.; Gonzalez, A. H.; Greisel, N.; Jiménez-Esteban, F.; Landim, R. G.; Lazzaro, D.; Magris, G.; Monteiro-Oliveira, R.; Pereira, C. B.; Rebouças, M. J.; Rodriguez-Espinosa, J. M.; Santos da Costa, S.; Telles, E., The Javalambre-Physics of the Accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) will scan thousands of square degrees of the northern sky with a unique set of 56 filters using the dedicated 2:55m Javalambre Survey Telescope (JST) at the Javalambre Astrophysical Observatory. Prior to the installation of the main camera (4:2 deg2 field-of-view with 1.2 Gpixels), the JST was equipped with the JPAS-Pathfinder, a one CCD camera with a 0:3 deg2 field-of-view and plate scale of 0.23 arcsec pixel?1. To demonstrate the scientific potential of J-PAS, the JPAS-Pathfinder camera was used to perform miniJPAS, a _1 deg2 survey of the AEGIS field (along the Extended Groth Strip). The field was observed with the 56 J-PAS filters, which include 54 narrow band (FWHM _ 145 ) and two broader filters extending to the UV and the near-infrared, complemented by the u; g; r; i SDSS broad band filters. In this miniJPAS survey overview paper, we present the miniJPAS data set (images and catalogs), as we highlight key aspects and applications of these unique spectro-photometric data and describe how to access the public data products. The data parameters reach depths of magAB ' 22?23:5 in the 54 narrow band filters and up to 24 in the broader filters (5_ in a 300 aperture). The miniJPAS primary catalog contains more than 64 000 sources detected in the r band and with matched photometry in all other bands. This catalog is 99% complete at r = 23:6 (r = 22:7) mag for point-like (extended) sources. We show that our photometric redshifts have an accuracy better than 1% for all sources up to r = 22:5, and a precision of _0:3% for a subset consisting of about half of the sample. On this basis, we outline several scientific applications of our data, including the study of spatially-resolved stellar populations of nearby galaxies, the analysis of the large scale structure up to z _ 0:9, and the detection of large numbers of clusters and groups. Sub-percent redshift precision can also be reached for quasars, allowing for the study of the large-scale structure to be pushed to z 2. The miniJPAS survey demonstrates the capability of the J-PAS filter system to accurately characterize a broad variety of sources and paves the way for the upcoming arrival of J-PAS, which will multiply this data by three orders of magnitude. © 2021 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved., Funding for OAJ, UPAD, and CEFCA has been provided by the Governments of Spain and Aragon through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel; the Aragon Government through the Research Groups E96, E103, and E16_17R; the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) with grant PGC2018-097585-B-C21; the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO/FEDER, UE) under AYA2015-66211-C2-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-2, AYA2012-30789, and ICTS2009-14; and European FEDER funding (FCDD10-4E-867, FCDD13-4E-2685). This work has made used of CEFCA's Scientific High Performance Computing system which has been funded by the Governments of Spain and Aragon through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO-FEDER, grant AYA2012-30789). Funding for the J-PAS project has been provided also by the Brazilian agencies FINEP, FAPESP, FAPERJ and by the National Observatory of Brazil. Additional funding was also provided by the Tartu Observatory and by the Chinese Consortium from the Academy of Sciences SB acknowledges partial support from the project PGC2018-097585-B-C22. R.A.D. acknowledges support from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico -CNPq through BP grant 308105/2018-4, and the Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos -FINEP grants REF. 1217/13 -01.13.0279.00 and REF 0859/10 -01.10.0663.00 and also FAPERJ PRONEX grant E-26/110.566/2010 for hardware funding support for the J-PAS project through the National Observatory of Brazil and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas. LRA acknowledges financial support from CNPq (306696/2018-5) and FAPESP (2015/17199-0). VMthanks CNPq (Brazil) and FAPES (Brazil) for partial financial support and the H2020 project No 888258. L.A.D.G. and K.U. acknowledge support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (grant MOST 106-2628-M-001-003-MY3) and from the Academia Sinica (grant AS-IA-107-M01). J.M.D. and D.H acknowledge the support of project PGC2018-101814-B-100. MQ thanks CNPq (Brazil) and FAPERJ (Brazil) for financial support. PC acknowledges financial support from FAPESP (2018/05392-8) and CNPq (310041/2018-0). AAC acknowledges support from FAPERJ (E26/203.186/2016), CNPq (304971/2016-2 and 401669/2016-5), and the Universidad de Alicante (contract UATALENTO1802). C.Q. acknowledges support from FAPESP (2015/11442-0 and 2019/067661). V.M.P. is supported by NOIRLab, which is managed by AURA under a cooperative agreement with the NSF. P.B acknowledges support from CAPES -Finance Code 001. IAA researchers acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the "Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa" award to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709). Authors acknowledge support from the Generalitat Valenciana project of excellence Prometeo/2020/085. RGD, GMS, JRM, RGB, EP acknowledge financial support from the project AyA2016-77846-P. TC is supported by the INFN INDARK PD51 and PRIN-MIUR 2015W7KAWC. MAR and ALM acknowledge support from the MINECO project FIS2016-78859P(AEI/FEDER, UE). ET, AT and JL acknowledge the support by ETAg grants IUT40-2 and by EU through the ERDF CoE grant TK133 and MOBTP86. CK, JMV, JIP acknowledge financial support from project AYA2016-79724C4-4P. PAAL thanks the support of CNPq (309398/2018-5). LC thanks CNPq for partial support. Y.J-T acknowledges financial support from the FAPERJ (E26/202.835/2016), and from the Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 898633. DMD acknowledges financial support from the SFB 881 of the DFG and from the MINECO grant AYA2016-81065-C2-2. FP acknowledges support of the project PGC2018-101931-B-I00. JC acknowledges support of the project E AYA2017-88007-C3-1-P, and co-financed by the FEDER. JIGs acknowledges support of projects of reference AYA2017-88007-C3-3-P, and PGC2018-099705-B-I00 and co-financed by the FEDER. EMG and PV would like to acknowledge financial support from the project ESP2017-83921C2-1-R. GMS acknowleges financial support from a predoctoral contract, ref. PRE2018-085523 (MCIU/AEI/FSE, UE). S.C. is partially supported by CNPq. R.G.L. acknowledges CAPES (process 88881.162206/2017-01) and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for the financial support. JSA acknowledges support from FAPERJ (E26/203.024/2017), CNP (310790/2014-0 and 400471/2014-0) and FINEP (1217/13 -01.13.0279.00 and Ref. 0859/10 -01.10.0663.00). RvM acknowledges support from CNPq. AFS, PAM, VJM and FJB acknowledge support from project AYA2016-81065-C2-2. PAM acknowledges support from the "Subprograma Atraccio de Talent -Contractes Postdoctorals de la Universitat de Valencia". ESC acknowledges support from CNPq (308539/20184) and FAPESP (2019/19687-2). CMdO acknowledges support from CNPq (grant 312333/2014-5) and FAPESP (grant 2009/54202-8). LSJ acknowledges support from CNPq (grant 304819/2017-4) and FAPESP (grant 2012/008004). JMC acknowledges support from CNPq (grant 310727/2016-2). C.H.-M. and N. Greisel also acknowledge the support of the European Union via the Career Integration Grant CIG-PCIG9-GA-2011-294183. JJBP and AMC would like to acknowledge the support from the grant PGC2018-094626-B-C21 and the Basque Government grant IT-979-16. AMC acknowledges the postdoctoral contract from the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU "Especializacioon de personal investigador doctor" program. MLLD acknowledges CAPES -Finance Code 001; and CNPq (142294/2018-7). GB acknowledges financial support from the UNAM through grant DGAPA/PAPIIT IG100319, from CONACyT through grant CB2015-252364, and from FAPESP projects 2017/02375-2 and 2018/05392-8. M.J. Reboucas acknowledges the support of FAPERJ under a CNE E-26/202.864/2017 grant, and CNPq. Support by CNPq (305409/2016-6) and FAPERJ (E-26/202.841/2017) is acknowledged by DL. AB acknowledges a CNPq fellowship. C.A.G.acknowledges support from CAPES. EA acknowledges support from FAPESP (2011/18729-1). AC acknowledges support from PNPD/CAPES. ABA and FSK acknowledge the Severo Ochoa program SEV-2015-0548. FSK also thanks the AYA2017-89891-P and the RYC2015-18693 grants. DF acknowledges support from the Atraccion del Talento Cientifico en Salamanca programme and the project PGC2018-096038B-I00.

In a passive investing strategy through indexation, the portfolio performance will depend largely on the ability to choose the best index. In this paper, we study the performance of four of the main stock indices in Mexico with the intention of selecting the best one for a passive investing strategy. To solve this question, departing from the Sortino ratio, a definition of probability of success substitutes the average excess return over a target and the use of the maximum standard deviation on the negative target return. The new performance measure gives different results to those of the traditional Sortino ratio, with the IPC large cap being the best index for a passive strategy, in terms of risk-reward ratio and return target. || En una gestión pasiva de inversiones mediante indexación, el desempeño del portafolio dependerá en gran medida de la habilidad para elegir el mejor índice. En este trabajo, se estudia el desempeño de cuatro de los principales índices bursátiles en México con la intención de seleccionar el mejor de ellos para una estrategia de inversión pasiva. Para resolver esta pregunta, a partir de la razón de Sortino, se propone la sustitución del exceso de retorno promedio por una definición de probabilidad de acierto y el uso de la máxima desviación estándar sobre el retorno objetivo negativo. Las nuevas medidas de desempeño arrojan resultados diferentes a los resultados de la medida tradicional de Sortino, siendo el IPC large cap el mejor índice para una estrategia pasiva, en términos de su relación riesgo-rendimiento y objetivo de rentabilidad.

Fuente TESIUNAM