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The standard treatment for localized squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal is definitive chemoradiotherapy. A meta-analysis of published studies conducted by our group showed significantly lower rates of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival at 3 years among HIV-positive patients. We aimed to compare detailed treatment outcomes between the groups of HIV-positive and -negative patients.We performed a retrospective multicenter study of a comparative cohort of consecutive patients with histologic diagnosis of localized squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal who received definitive chemoradiotherapy. Patients' characteristics and outcomes were compared according to HIV status. The primary end points were time to complete response (CR) and DFS time.From June 2001 to September 2018, a total of 185 patients were included; 43 (30.2%) were HIV positive and 142 (69.8%) were HIV negative. The overall CR rates were 67.4% and 91.5% for HIV-positive and -negative patients, respectively (P .001). The median follow-up was 47.8 months and the median time to experience CR was 7.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.7-10.5) for HIV-positive versus 4.89 months (95% CI, 4.54-5.25) for HIV-negative (P .001) patients. The median DFS times were 79.7 months (95% CI, 56.8-102.6) and 127.9 months (95% CI, 112.6-143.2) for HIV-positive and -negative patients, respectively (P = .02). There was a trend toward greater grade 3/4 toxicity in the HIV-positive group.HIV-positive patients take longer to experience CR and present worse DFS. These findings have clinical implications because waiting longer to define CR among these patients may prevent unnecessary anorectal amputations.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical features, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) screening, treatment modalities, and Overall Survival (OS) in a series of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma (NAFLD-HCC) Brazilian patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at the Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, at the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo with the approval of the local research ethics committee. NAFLD patients with HCC diagnosed, from May 2010 to May 2019, were included. Results: A total of 131 patients were included. Risk factors for NAFLD were present in 94.7% of the patients. Only 29% of patients were in the HCC screening program before diagnosis. HCC treatment was performed in 84.7% of patients. Cumulative survival at the end of the first year was 72%, second-year 52%, and fifth-year 32%. HCC screening before diagnosis was not significantly associated with higher cumulative survival. The independent factors associated with shorter general survival were BCLC C-D, p < 0.001, and the size of the largest nodule > 42 mm, p = 0.039. Conclusions: Although the efficacy of screening in our population regarding overall survival was hampered due to the sample size (29% had screening), BCLC stages C‒D and the size of the largest nodule larger than 42 mm were identified as independent factors of worse prognosis.

Background The definitive treatment for localized SCCA is ChRT in combination with infusional 5-FU. A meta-analysis of published studies conducted by our group showed that HIV-positive patients (pts) are less cured by ChRT. However, short follow up times may have underestimated the true response rate of HIV-positive pts. We aimed to compare the timing to achieve CR between HIV-negative and positive pts and outcomes according to chemotherapy regimen (Nigro vs ACT2). Methods Retrospective multicenter comparative cohort of consecutive pts with histological diagnosis of SCCA and localized disease who received definitive ChRT. Pts’ characteristics and outcomes were compared according to HIV status. The primary endpoint was CR rate defined by absence of clinical and radiological evidence of disease. Results A total of 179 patients with SCCA were included: 43 (24%) were HIV-positive and 136 (76%) were HIV-negative. HIV-positive pts were more commonly men: 28 (65%) vs 24 (17.6%) (p Conclusions Delayed CR was more frequently observed among HIV-positive pts. This finding has clinical implications because waiting longer to define CR among these pts may prevent unnecessary anorectal amputations. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.