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3 results on '"Mario Cepparulo"'

1. Susceptibility rates in Latin American nations: report from a regional resistance surveillance program (2011)

Author

Ronald N. Jones, Manuel Guzman-Blanco, Ana C. Gales, Belisario Gallegos, Aura Lucia Leal Castro, Marines Dalla Valle Martino, Silvio Vega, Jeannete Zurita, Mario Cepparulo, and Mariana Castanheira

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Objective: To establish a resistance (R) surveillance program monitoring antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Latin America (LATAM; Argentina [ARG], Brazil [BRA], Chile, Colombia [CBA], Costa Rica, Ecuador [ECU], Guatemala [GUA], Mexico [MEX], Panama [PAN], Peru, and Venezuela [VEN]). Methods: In 2011, 4979 organisms were collected from 11 nations (20 laboratories) for susceptibility testing in a central laboratory design. Antimicrobials were tested by CLSI methods and results interpreted by CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints. Most common Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus [SA, 921], other staphylococci [CoNS; 299], enterococci [218], Streptococcus pneumoniae [SPN; 182], β-haemolytic streptococci [115]) and Gram-negative (E. coli [EC; 644], Klebsiella spp. [KSP; 517], Enterobacters [272], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [PSA; 586], Acinetobacters [ACB; 494]) pathogens were analyzed against linezolid (LZD), vancomycin (VAN), tigecycline (TIG), colistin (COL), cefoperazone/sulbactam (C/S), and amikacin (AMK). Results: MRSA rates varied from 29% (CBA, BRA) to 79% (Peru); but LZD (MIC90, 2 mg/L), TIG (MIC90, 0.12 mg/L) and VAN (MIC90, 1 mg/L) covered all strains. Enterococci showed a 14% VRE rate, highest in BRA and MEX; all inhibited by TIG and daptomycin, but not LZD (three non-susceptible with G2576T mutations or cfr). Penicillin-R among SPN and viridans streptococci was 51.6 and 41.1%, respectively. LZD overall R against Gram-positives was 0.3%. High ESBL rates were observed in EC (54–71%) and KSP (≥50%) from GUA, MEX and Peru, and six nations, respectively. Carbapenem-R in KSP was 9%, highest rates associated with KPC in BRA, CBA, ECU, PAN and VEN; also a NDM-1 in KSP from CBA. AMK, TIG, C/S and carbapenems were the broadest-spectrum agents tested against Enterobacteriaceae. Only COL inhibited >90% of PSA; COL and TIG (≤2 mg/L) covered ≥85% of ACB. Conclusions: LATAM nations demonstrated variable levels of antimicrobial R especially among Enterobacteriaceae (β-lactamase-mediated), PSA and ACB. MRSA (48%), VRE (14%) and multidrug-R SPN were also regional therapeutic challenges. Keywords: Latin America, Surveillance, Resistance, ESBL, β-Lactamases

Published
2013
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2. Susceptibility rates in Latin American nations: report from a regional resistance surveillance program (2011)

Author

Ana Cristina Gales, Mario Cepparulo, Jeannete Zurita, Manuel Guzman-Blanco, Ronald N. Jones, Marines Dalla Valle Martino, Silvio Vega, Belisario Gallegos, Mariana Castanheira, and Aura Lucia Leal Castro

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Resistance, β-Lactamases, lcsh:QR1-502, Tigecycline, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Gram-Positive Bacteria, lcsh:Microbiology, Microbiology, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gram-Negative Bacteria, parasitic diseases, medicine, polycyclic compounds, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Medicine(all), Surveillance, business.industry, Sulbactam, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cefoperazone, Infectious Diseases, Latin America, chemistry, ESBL, Amikacin, Population Surveillance, Linezolid, Colistin, Vancomycin, Daptomycin, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective: To establish a resistance (R) surveillance program monitoring antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Latin America (LATAM; Argentina [ARG], Brazil [BRA], Chile, Colombia [CBA], Costa Rica, Ecuador [ECU], Guatemala [GUA], Mexico [MEX], Panama [PAN], Peru, and Venezuela [VEN]). Methods: In 2011, 4979 organisms were collected from 11 nations (20 laboratories) for susceptibility testing in a central laboratory design. Antimicrobials were tested by CLSI methods and results interpreted by CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints. Most common Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus [SA, 921], other staphylococci [CoNS; 299], enterococci [218], Streptococcus pneumoniae [SPN; 182], β-haemolytic streptococci [115]) and Gram-negative (E. coli [EC; 644], Klebsiella spp. [KSP; 517], Enterobacters [272], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [PSA; 586], Acinetobacters [ACB; 494]) pathogens were analyzed against linezolid (LZD), vancomycin (VAN), tigecycline (TIG), colistin (COL), cefoperazone/sulbactam (C/S), and amikacin (AMK). Results: MRSA rates varied from 29% (CBA, BRA) to 79% (Peru); but LZD (MIC90, 2 mg/L), TIG (MIC90, 0.12 mg/L) and VAN (MIC90, 1 mg/L) covered all strains. Enterococci showed a 14% VRE rate, highest in BRA and MEX; all inhibited by TIG and daptomycin, but not LZD (three non-susceptible with G2576T mutations or cfr). Penicillin-R among SPN and viridans streptococci was 51.6 and 41.1%, respectively. LZD overall R against Gram-positives was 0.3%. High ESBL rates were observed in EC (54–71%) and KSP (≥50%) from GUA, MEX and Peru, and six nations, respectively. Carbapenem-R in KSP was 9%, highest rates associated with KPC in BRA, CBA, ECU, PAN and VEN; also a NDM-1 in KSP from CBA. AMK, TIG, C/S and carbapenems were the broadest-spectrum agents tested against Enterobacteriaceae. Only COL inhibited >90% of PSA; COL and TIG (≤2 mg/L) covered ≥85% of ACB. Conclusions: LATAM nations demonstrated variable levels of antimicrobial R especially among Enterobacteriaceae (β-lactamase-mediated), PSA and ACB. MRSA (48%), VRE (14%) and multidrug-R SPN were also regional therapeutic challenges. Keywords: Latin America, Surveillance, Resistance, ESBL, β-Lactamases

Published
2013

3. Decreased production of interferon-γ in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with ribavirin in combination with interferon-alpha

Author

Francesco Angelico, G. Rocchi, Alberto Bergamini, Mario Cepparulo, A. Liuti, I. Uccella, M. Capozzi, D. Ombres, F. Demin, Francesca Bolacchi, Simona Francioso, M. Hurtova, Mario Angelico, and B. Bongiovanni

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Hepatology, chemistry, Chronic hepatitis, Interferon γ, business.industry, Ribavirin, Alpha interferon, Medicine, In patient, business, Virology
Published
2000
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