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2. Marine picoplankton metagenomes and MAGs from eleven vertical profiles obtained by the Malaspina Expedition

Author

Sánchez, Pablo, Coutinho, Felipe H., Sebastián, Marta, Pernice, Massimo C., Rodríguez-Martínez, Raquel, Salazar, Guillem, Cornejo-Castillo, Francisco Miguel, Pesant, Stéphane, López-Alforja, Xabier, López-García, Ester María, Agustí, Susana, Gojobori, Takashi, Logares, Ramiro, Sala, Maria Montserrat, Vaqué, Dolors, Massana, Ramon, Duarte, Carlos M., Acinas, Silvia G., and Gasol, Josep M.

Published
2024
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3. JAK inhibitors: an evidence-based choice of the most appropriate molecule

Author

Luca Antonioli, Alessandro Armuzzi, Massimo C. Fantini, and Matteo Fornai

Subjects
JAK inhibitors, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, efficacy, safety, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) represent a fundamental therapeutic tool for the treatment of patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Although JAKis are often considered a homogeneous class of drugs whose members are thought to be largely interchangeable, there are significant differences in their efficacy and safety profiles. This narrative review analyzes the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences among JAKIs, highlighting their clinical relevance based on the most recent available evidence. The article aims to provide rheumatologists, gastroenterologists and dermatologists with practical guidance for choosing the most appropriate JAKi for each patient, given the lack of evidence-based recommendations on this topic, to improve clinical outcomes. Due to its preferential action on JAK1, intestinal metabolization and proven absence of impact on male fertility, filgotinib may be characterized by an improved benefit/risk ratio compared with other less selective JAKis.

Published
2024
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4. A fungi hotspot deep in the ocean: explaining the presence of Gjaerumia minor in equatorial Pacific bathypelagic waters

Author

Massimo C. Pernice, Irene Forn, Ramiro Logares, and Ramon Massana

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract A plant parasite associated with the white haze disease in apples, the Basidiomycota Gjaerumia minor, has been found in most samples of the global bathypelagic ocean. An analysis of environmental 18S rDNA sequences on 12 vertical profiles of the Malaspina 2010 expedition shows that the relative abundance of this cultured species increases with depth while its distribution is remarkably different between the deep waters of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, being present in higher concentrations in the former. This is evident from sequence analysis and a microscopic survey with a species-specific newly designed TSA-FISH probe. Several hints point to the hypothesis that G. minor is transported to the deep ocean attached to particles, and the absence of G. minor in bathypelagic Atlantic waters could then be explained by the absence of this organism in surface waters of the equatorial Atlantic. The good correlation of G. minor biomass with Apparent Oxygen Utilization, recalcitrant carbon and free-living prokaryotic biomass in South Pacific waters, together with the identification of the observed cells as yeasts and not as resting spores (teliospores), point to the possibility that once arrived at deep layers this species keeps on growing and thriving.

Published
2024
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5. Marine picoplankton metagenomes and MAGs from eleven vertical profiles obtained by the Malaspina Expedition

Author

Pablo Sánchez, Felipe H. Coutinho, Marta Sebastián, Massimo C. Pernice, Raquel Rodríguez-Martínez, Guillem Salazar, Francisco Miguel Cornejo-Castillo, Stéphane Pesant, Xabier López-Alforja, Ester María López-García, Susana Agustí, Takashi Gojobori, Ramiro Logares, Maria Montserrat Sala, Dolors Vaqué, Ramon Massana, Carlos M. Duarte, Silvia G. Acinas, and Josep M. Gasol

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The Ocean microbiome has a crucial role in Earth’s biogeochemical cycles. During the last decade, global cruises such as Tara Oceans and the Malaspina Expedition have expanded our understanding of the diversity and genetic repertoire of marine microbes. Nevertheless, there are still knowledge gaps regarding their diversity patterns throughout depth gradients ranging from the surface to the deep ocean. Here we present a dataset of 76 microbial metagenomes (MProfile) of the picoplankton size fraction (0.2–3.0 µm) collected in 11 vertical profiles covering contrasting ocean regions sampled during the Malaspina Expedition circumnavigation (7 depths, from surface to 4,000 m deep). The MProfile dataset produced 1.66 Tbp of raw DNA sequences from which we derived: 17.4 million genes clustered at 95% sequence similarity (M-GeneDB-VP), 2,672 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of Archaea and Bacteria (Malaspina-VP-MAGs), and over 100,000 viral genomic sequences. This dataset will be a valuable resource for exploring the functional and taxonomic connectivity between the photic and bathypelagic tropical and sub-tropical ocean, while increasing our general knowledge of the Ocean microbiome.

Published
2024
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6. JAK inhibitors: an evidence-based choice of the most appropriate molecule.

Author

Antonioli, Luca, Armuzzi, Alessandro, Fantini, Massimo C., and Fornai, Matteo

Subjects
KINASE inhibitors, RHEUMATOLOGISTS, GASTROENTEROLOGISTS, PHARMACOKINETICS, DERMATOLOGISTS
Abstract

Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) represent a fundamental therapeutic tool for the treatment of patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Although JAKis are often considered a homogeneous class of drugs whose members are thought to be largely interchangeable, there are significant differences in their efficacy and safety profiles. This narrative review analyzes the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences among JAKIs, highlighting their clinical relevance based on the most recent available evidence. The article aims to provide rheumatologists, gastroenterologists and dermatologists with practical guidance for choosing the most appropriate JAKi for each patient, given the lack of evidence-based recommendations on this topic, to improve clinical outcomes. Due to its preferential action on JAK1, intestinal metabolization and proven absence of impact on male fertility, filgotinib may be characterized by an improved benefit/risk ratio compared with other less selective JAKis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Automated flow cytometry as a tool to obtain a fine-grain picture of marine prokaryote community structure along an entire oceanographic cruise

Author

Massimo C. Pernice and Josep M. Gasol

Subjects
flow cytometry, marine prokaryotes, DNA stain, automatization, online cytometry, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

On a standard oceanographic cruise, flow cytometry data are usually collected sparsely through a bottle-based sampling and with stations separated by kilometers leading to a fragmented view of the ecosystem; to improve the resolution of the datasets produced by this technique here it is proposed the application of an automatic method of sampling and staining. The system used consists of a flow-cytometer (Accuri-C6) connected to an automated continuous sampler (OC-300) that collects samples of marine surface waters every 15 min. We tested this system for five days during a brief Mediterranean cruise with the aim of estimating the abundance, relative size and phenotypic diversity of prokaryotes. Seawater was taken by a faucet linked to an inlet pump (ca. 5 m depth). Once the sample was taken, the Oncyt-300 stained it and sent it to the flow cytometer. A total of 366 samples were collected, effectively achieving a fine-grained scale view of microbial community composition both through space and time. A significative positive relationship was found comparing data obtained with the automatic method and 10 samples collected from the faucet but processed with the standard protocol. Abundance values retrieved varied from 3.56·105 cell mL−1 in the coastal area till 6.87 105 cell mL−1 in open waters, exceptional values were reached in the harbor area where abundances peaked to 1.28 106 cell mL−1. The measured features (abundance and size) were associated with metadata (temperature, salinity, conductivity) also taken in continuous, of which conductivity was the one that better explained the variability of abundance. A full 24 h measurement cycle was performed resulting in slightly higher median bacterial abundances values during daylight hours compared to night. Alpha diversity, calculated using computational cytometry techniques, showed a higher value in the coastal area above 41° of latitude and had a strong inverse relationship with both salinity and conductivity. This is the first time to our knowledge that the OC-300 is directly applied to the marine environment during an oceanographic cruise; due to its high-resolution, this set-up shows great potential both to cover large sampling areas, and to monitor day-night cycles in situ.

Published
2023
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8. Defining Comprehensive Disease Control for use as a Treatment Target for Ulcerative Colitis in Clinical Practice : International Delphi Consensus Recommendations

Author

Schreiber, Stefan, Danese, Silvio, Dignass, Axel, Domènech, Eugeni, Fantini, Massimo C., Ferrante, Marc, Halfvarson, Jonas, Hart, Ailsa, Magro, Fernando, Lees, Charlie W., Leone, Salvo, Pierik, Marieke J., Peters, Michele, Field, Polly, Fishpool, Helen, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent, Schreiber, Stefan, Danese, Silvio, Dignass, Axel, Domènech, Eugeni, Fantini, Massimo C., Ferrante, Marc, Halfvarson, Jonas, Hart, Ailsa, Magro, Fernando, Lees, Charlie W., Leone, Salvo, Pierik, Marieke J., Peters, Michele, Field, Polly, Fishpool, Helen, and Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) requires a patient-centric, definition of comprehensive disease control that considers improvements in aspects not typically captured by classical landmark trial endpoints. In an international initiative we reviewed aspects of UC that affect patients and/or indicate mucosal inflammation, to achieve consensus on which aspects to combine in a definition of comprehensive disease control, using a modified Delphi process. METHODS: The Delphi panel comprised 12 gastroenterologists and one patient advocate. Two gastroenterologists were elected as chairs and did not vote. To inform statements, we asked 18 patients and the panel members about their experiences of remission and reviewed published literature. Panel members voted on statements anonymously in three rounds, with a live discussion before round 3. Consensus was met if ≥ 67% of the panel agreed. Statements without consensus in rounds 1 and 2 were revised or discarded after round 3. RESULTS: The panel agreed to measure individual patient benefit using a definition of comprehensive disease control that combines aspects currently measured in trials (rectal bleeding, stool frequency, disease-related quality of life, endoscopy, histological inflammatory activity, inflammatory biomarkers, and corticosteroid use), with additional patient-reported symptoms (bowel urgency, abdominal pain, extraintestinal manifestations, fatigue, and sleep disturbance). The panel agreed on scoring systems and thresholds for many aspects. CONCLUSIONS: Using a robust methodology, we defined comprehensive disease control in UC. Next, we will combine the measurement and scoring of these aspects into a multi-component tool and adopt comprehensive disease control as a treatment target in clinical practice and trials.

Published
2024
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9. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of vaccinated patients hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection: Multi-IPV, a multicentre study in Northern Italy

Author

Lombardi, A, Villa, S, Colaneri, M, Scaglione, G, Bai, F, Varisco, B, Bono, V, Vena, A, Dentone, C, Russo, C, Tettamanti, M, Renisi, G, Viero, G, Azzarà, C, Mantero, M, Peyvandi, F, Bassetti, M, Marchetti, G, Muscatello, A, Nobili, A, Gori, A, Bandera, A, Bosari, S, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell’Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferarri, F, Gori., A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi., A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Mussa, M, Mariani, B, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, Chitani, G, Bobbio, C, De Matteis, I, Bonomi, A, Gualtierotti, R, Ferrari, B, Rossio, R, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Giachi, A, Montano, N, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Blasi, F, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D’Adda, A, Della Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Mantero., M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Canetta, C, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scaramellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Nobili., A, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Harari, S, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D’Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalla, D, Leone, S, Lombardi, Andrea, Villa, Simone, Colaneri, Marta, Scaglione, Giovanni, Bai, Francesca, Varisco, Benedetta, Bono, Valeria, Vena, Antonio, Dentone, Chiara, Russo, Chiara, Tettamanti, Mauro, Renisi, Giulia, Viero, Giulia, Azzarà, Cecilia, Mantero, Marco, Peyvandi, Flora, Bassetti, Matteo, Marchetti, Giulia, Muscatello, Antonio, Nobili, Alessandro, Gori, Andrea, Bandera, Alessandra, Bosari, Silvano, Scudeller, Luigia, Fusetti, Giuliana, Rusconi, Laura, Dell’Orto, Silvia, Prati, Daniele, Valenti, Luca, Giovannelli, Silvia, Manunta, Maria, Lamorte, Giuseppe, Ferarri, Francesca, Gori. , Andrea, Mangioni, Davide, Alagna, Laura, Bozzi, Giorgio, Lombardi. , Andrea, Ungaro, Riccardo, Ancona, Giuseppe, Mussa, Marco, Mariani, Bianca Veronica, Bolis, Matteo, Iannotti, Nathalie, Ludovisi, Serena, Comelli, Agnese, Biscarini, Simona, Castelli, Valeria, Palomba, Emanuele, Fava, Marco, Peri, Carlo Alberto, Saltini, Paola, Itri, Teresa, Ferroni, Valentina, Pastore, Valeria, Massafra, Roberta, Liparoti, Arianna, Muheberimana, Toussaint, Giommi, Alessandro, Bianco, Rosaria, Chitani, Grazia Eliana, Bobbio, Chiara, De Matteis, Irene, Bonomi, Angelo Bianchi, Gualtierotti, Roberta, Ferrari, Barbara, Rossio, Raffaella, Boasi, Nadia, Pagliaro, Erica, Massimo, Costanza, De Caro, Michele, Giachi, Andrea, Montano, Nicola, Vigone, Barbara, Bellocchi, Chiara, Carandina, Angelica, Fiorelli, Elisa, Melli, Valerie, Tobaldini, Eleonora, Blasi, Francesco, Aliberti, Stefano, Spotti, Maura, Terranova, Leonardo, Misuraca, Sofia, D’Adda, Alice, Della Fiore, Silvia, Di Pasquale, Marta, Mantero. , Marco, Contarini, Martina, Ori, Margherita, Morlacchi, Letizia, Rossetti, Valeria, Gramegna, Andrea, Pappalettera, Maria, Cavallini, Mirta, Buscemi, Agata, Vicenzi, Marco, Rota, Irena, Costantino, Giorgio, Solbiati, Monica, Furlan, Ludovico, Mancarella, Marta, Colombo, Giulia, Colombo, Giorgio, Fanin, Alice, Passarella, Mariele, Monzani, Valter, Canetta, Ciro, Rovellini, Angelo, Barbetta, Laura, Billi, Filippo, Folli, Christian, Accordino, Silvia, Maira, Diletta, Hu, Cinzia Maria, Motta, Irene, Scaramellini, Natalia, Fracanzani, Anna Ludovica, Lombardi, Rosa, Cespiati, Annalisa, Cesari, Matteo, Lucchi, Tiziano, Proietti, Marco, Calcaterra, Laura, Mandelli, Clara, Coppola, Carlotta, Cerizza, Arturo, Pesenti, Antonio Maria, Grasselli, Giacomo, Galazzi, Alessandro, Nobili. , Alessandro, Monti, Igor, Galbussera, Alessia Antonella, Crisafulli, Ernesto, Girelli, Domenico, Maroccia, Alessio, Gabbiani, Daniele, Busti, Fabiana, Vianello, Alice, Biondan, Marta, Sartori, Filippo, Faverio, Paola, Pesci, Alberto, Zucchetti, Stefano, Bonfanti, Paolo, Rossi, Marianna, Beretta, Ilaria, Spolti, Anna, Harari, Sergio, Elia, Davide, Cassandro, Roberto, Caminati, Antonella, Cipollone, Francesco, Guagnano, Maria Teresa, D’Ardes, Damiano, Rossi, Ilaria, Vezzani, Francesca, Spanevello, Antonio, Cherubino, Francesca, Visca, Dina, Contoli, Marco, Papi, Alberto, Morandi, Luca, Battistini, Nicholas, Moreo, Guido Luigi, Iannuzzi, Pasqualina, Fumagalla, Daniele, Leone, Sara, Lombardi, A, Villa, S, Colaneri, M, Scaglione, G, Bai, F, Varisco, B, Bono, V, Vena, A, Dentone, C, Russo, C, Tettamanti, M, Renisi, G, Viero, G, Azzarà, C, Mantero, M, Peyvandi, F, Bassetti, M, Marchetti, G, Muscatello, A, Nobili, A, Gori, A, Bandera, A, Bosari, S, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell’Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferarri, F, Gori., A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi., A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Mussa, M, Mariani, B, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, Chitani, G, Bobbio, C, De Matteis, I, Bonomi, A, Gualtierotti, R, Ferrari, B, Rossio, R, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Giachi, A, Montano, N, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Blasi, F, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D’Adda, A, Della Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Mantero., M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Canetta, C, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scaramellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Nobili., A, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Harari, S, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D’Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalla, D, Leone, S, Lombardi, Andrea, Villa, Simone, Colaneri, Marta, Scaglione, Giovanni, Bai, Francesca, Varisco, Benedetta, Bono, Valeria, Vena, Antonio, Dentone, Chiara, Russo, Chiara, Tettamanti, Mauro, Renisi, Giulia, Viero, Giulia, Azzarà, Cecilia, Mantero, Marco, Peyvandi, Flora, Bassetti, Matteo, Marchetti, Giulia, Muscatello, Antonio, Nobili, Alessandro, Gori, Andrea, Bandera, Alessandra, Bosari, Silvano, Scudeller, Luigia, Fusetti, Giuliana, Rusconi, Laura, Dell’Orto, Silvia, Prati, Daniele, Valenti, Luca, Giovannelli, Silvia, Manunta, Maria, Lamorte, Giuseppe, Ferarri, Francesca, Gori. , Andrea, Mangioni, Davide, Alagna, Laura, Bozzi, Giorgio, Lombardi. , Andrea, Ungaro, Riccardo, Ancona, Giuseppe, Mussa, Marco, Mariani, Bianca Veronica, Bolis, Matteo, Iannotti, Nathalie, Ludovisi, Serena, Comelli, Agnese, Biscarini, Simona, Castelli, Valeria, Palomba, Emanuele, Fava, Marco, Peri, Carlo Alberto, Saltini, Paola, Itri, Teresa, Ferroni, Valentina, Pastore, Valeria, Massafra, Roberta, Liparoti, Arianna, Muheberimana, Toussaint, Giommi, Alessandro, Bianco, Rosaria, Chitani, Grazia Eliana, Bobbio, Chiara, De Matteis, Irene, Bonomi, Angelo Bianchi, Gualtierotti, Roberta, Ferrari, Barbara, Rossio, Raffaella, Boasi, Nadia, Pagliaro, Erica, Massimo, Costanza, De Caro, Michele, Giachi, Andrea, Montano, Nicola, Vigone, Barbara, Bellocchi, Chiara, Carandina, Angelica, Fiorelli, Elisa, Melli, Valerie, Tobaldini, Eleonora, Blasi, Francesco, Aliberti, Stefano, Spotti, Maura, Terranova, Leonardo, Misuraca, Sofia, D’Adda, Alice, Della Fiore, Silvia, Di Pasquale, Marta, Mantero. , Marco, Contarini, Martina, Ori, Margherita, Morlacchi, Letizia, Rossetti, Valeria, Gramegna, Andrea, Pappalettera, Maria, Cavallini, Mirta, Buscemi, Agata, Vicenzi, Marco, Rota, Irena, Costantino, Giorgio, Solbiati, Monica, Furlan, Ludovico, Mancarella, Marta, Colombo, Giulia, Colombo, Giorgio, Fanin, Alice, Passarella, Mariele, Monzani, Valter, Canetta, Ciro, Rovellini, Angelo, Barbetta, Laura, Billi, Filippo, Folli, Christian, Accordino, Silvia, Maira, Diletta, Hu, Cinzia Maria, Motta, Irene, Scaramellini, Natalia, Fracanzani, Anna Ludovica, Lombardi, Rosa, Cespiati, Annalisa, Cesari, Matteo, Lucchi, Tiziano, Proietti, Marco, Calcaterra, Laura, Mandelli, Clara, Coppola, Carlotta, Cerizza, Arturo, Pesenti, Antonio Maria, Grasselli, Giacomo, Galazzi, Alessandro, Nobili. , Alessandro, Monti, Igor, Galbussera, Alessia Antonella, Crisafulli, Ernesto, Girelli, Domenico, Maroccia, Alessio, Gabbiani, Daniele, Busti, Fabiana, Vianello, Alice, Biondan, Marta, Sartori, Filippo, Faverio, Paola, Pesci, Alberto, Zucchetti, Stefano, Bonfanti, Paolo, Rossi, Marianna, Beretta, Ilaria, Spolti, Anna, Harari, Sergio, Elia, Davide, Cassandro, Roberto, Caminati, Antonella, Cipollone, Francesco, Guagnano, Maria Teresa, D’Ardes, Damiano, Rossi, Ilaria, Vezzani, Francesca, Spanevello, Antonio, Cherubino, Francesca, Visca, Dina, Contoli, Marco, Papi, Alberto, Morandi, Luca, Battistini, Nicholas, Moreo, Guido Luigi, Iannuzzi, Pasqualina, Fumagalla, Daniele, and Leone, Sara

Abstract

Background: Despite the well-known efficacy of anti-COVID-19 vaccines in preventing morbidity and mortality, several vaccinated individuals are diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection, which might require hospitalisation. This multicentre, observational, and retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of vaccinated vs. non-vaccinated patients, both hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2 infection in 3 major hospitals in Northern Italy. Methods: Data collection was retrospective, and paper and electronic medical records of adult patients with a diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection were pseudo-anonymised and analysed. Vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals were manually paired, using a predetermined matching criterion (similar age, gender, and date of hospitalisation). Demographic, clinical, treatment, and outcome data were compared between groups differing by vaccination status using Pearson's Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Moreover, multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of vaccination status on ICU admission or intra-hospital mortality. Results: Data from 360 patients were collected. Vaccinated patients presented with a higher prevalence of relevant comorbidities, like kidney replacement therapy or haematological malignancy, despite a milder clinical presentation at the first evaluation. Non-vaccinated patients required intensive care more often than their vaccinated counterparts (8.8% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.002). Contrariwise, no difference in intra-hospital mortality was observed between the two groups (19% vs. 20%, p = 0.853). These results were confirmed by multivariable logistic regressions, which showed that vaccination was significantly associated with decreased risk of ICU admission (aOR=0.172, 95%CI: 0.039–0.542, p = 0.007), but not of intra-hospital mortality (aOR=0.996, 95%CI: 0.582–1.703, p = 0.987). Conclusions: This study provides real-world data on vaccinated patients hospitalised wit

Published
2024

11. Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases Awareness and Management among Physicians Treating Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An IG-IBD Survey

Author

Vernero, Marta, primary, Bezzio, Cristina, additional, Ribaldone, Davide G., additional, Caprioli, Flavio A., additional, Fantini, Massimo C., additional, Festa, Stefano, additional, Macaluso, Fabio S., additional, Orlando, Ambrogio, additional, Pugliese, Daniela, additional, Renna, Sara, additional, Rispo, Antonio, additional, Savarino, Edoardo V., additional, Variola, Angela, additional, and Saibeni, Simone, additional

Published
2024
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15. Large-scale ocean connectivity and planktonic body size

Author

Ernesto Villarino, James R. Watson, Bror Jönsson, Josep M. Gasol, Guillem Salazar, Silvia G. Acinas, Marta Estrada, Ramón Massana, Ramiro Logares, Caterina R. Giner, Massimo C. Pernice, M. Pilar Olivar, Leire Citores, Jon Corell, Naiara Rodríguez-Ezpeleta, José Luis Acuña, Axayacatl Molina-Ramírez, J. Ignacio González-Gordillo, Andrés Cózar, Elisa Martí, José A. Cuesta, Susana Agustí, Eugenio Fraile-Nuez, Carlos M. Duarte, Xabier Irigoien, and Guillem Chust

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Body size is hypothesised to be a major determinant of β-diversity in passively-dispersing marine organisms. Here, Villarino et al. show that plankton body size determines rates of dispersal along marine currents, with shorter dispersal and higher species spatial turnover in larger organisms.

Published
2018
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16. Evaluation of the Geographical Accessibility of Genome-Matched Clinical Trials on a National Experience

Author

Crimini, Edoardo, primary, Tini, Giulia, additional, Tarantino, Paolo, additional, Ascione, Liliana, additional, Repetto, Matteo, additional, Beria, Paolo, additional, Ranghiero, Alberto, additional, Marra, Antonio, additional, Belli, Carmen, additional, Criscitiello, Carmen, additional, Esposito, Angela, additional, Guerini Rocco, Elena, additional, Barberis, Massimo C P, additional, Mazzarella, Luca, additional, and Curigliano, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2023
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18. Evaluation of the Geographical Accessibility of Genome-Matched Clinical Trials on a National Experience.

Author

Crimini, Edoardo, Tini, Giulia, Tarantino, Paolo, Ascione, Liliana, Repetto, Matteo, Beria, Paolo, Ranghiero, Alberto, Marra, Antonio, Belli, Carmen, Criscitiello, Carmen, Esposito, Angela, Rocco, Elena Guerini, Barberis, Massimo C P, Mazzarella, Luca, and Curigliano, Giuseppe

Subjects
HEALTH services accessibility, CLINICAL trials, POPULATION geography, RETROSPECTIVE studies, INDIVIDUALIZED medicine, NATIONAL health services, CANCER patients, GENOMES, GENOMICS, GENES, TUMORS, CANCER patient medical care
Abstract

Background Molecular-driven oncology allows oncologists to identify treatments that match a cancer's genomic profile. Clinical trials are promoted as an effective modality to deliver a molecularly matched treatment. We explore the role of geographical accessibility in Italy, and its impact on patient access to clinical trials. Material and Methods We retrospectively reviewed molecular data from a single-institutional case series of patients receiving next-generation sequencing testing between March 2019 and July 2020. Actionable alterations were defined as the ones with at least one matched treatment on Clinicaltrials.gov at the time of genomic report signature. We then calculated the hypothetical distance to travel to reach the nearest assigned clinical trial. Results We identified 159 patients eligible for analysis. One hundred and one could be potentially assigned to a clinical trial in Italy, and the median distance that patients needed to travel to reach the closest location with a suitable clinical trial was 76 km (interquartile range = 127.46 km). Geographical distribution of clinical trials in Italy found to be heterogeneous, with Milan and Naples being the areas with a higher concentration. We then found that the probability of having a clinical trial close to a patient's hometown increased over time, according to registered studies between 2015 and 2020. Conclusions The median distance to be travelled to the nearest trial was generally acceptable for patients, and trials availability is increasing. Nevertheless, many areas are still lacking trials, so efforts are required to increase and homogenize the possibilities to be enrolled in clinical trials for Italian patients with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. External validation of risk scores to predict in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized due to coronavirus disease 2019

Author

Hassan, S, Ramspek, C, Ferrari, B, van Diepen, M, Rossio, R, Knevel, R, la Mura, V, Artoni, A, Martinelli, I, Bandera, A, Nobili, A, Gori, A, Blasi, F, Canetta, C, Montano, N, Rosendaal, F, Peyvandi, F, Bosari, S, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell'Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferarri, F, Muscatello, A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi, A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Zuglian, G, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Renisi, G, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Fortina, V, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Viero, G, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, De Azevedo, R, Chitani, G, Gualtierotti, R, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Giachi, A, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D'Adda, A, Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Mantero, M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scar-Amellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Maria Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Tet-Tamanti, M, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Harari, S, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D'Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Luigi Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalli, D, Leone, S, Oud, J, Baysan, M, Wigb, J, van Heurn, L, ter Haar, S, Toppenberg, A, Heerdink, L, van IJlzinga Veenstra, A, Eikenboom, A, Wubbolts, J, Uzorka, J, Lijferink, W, Meier, R, de Jonge, I, Arbous, S, de Boer, M, van der Bom, J, Dekkers, O, Hassan S., Ramspek C. L., Ferrari B., van Diepen M., Rossio R., Knevel R., la Mura V., Artoni A., Martinelli I., Bandera A., Nobili A., Gori A., Blasi F., Canetta C., Montano N., Rosendaal F. R., Peyvandi F., Bosari S., Scudeller L., Fusetti G., Rusconi L., Dell'Orto S., Prati D., Valenti L., Giovannelli S., Manunta M., Lamorte G., Ferarri F., Muscatello A., Mangioni D., Alagna L., Bozzi G., Lombardi A., Ungaro R., Ancona G., Zuglian G., Bolis M., Iannotti N., Ludovisi S., Comelli A., Renisi G., Biscarini S., Castelli V., Palomba E., Fava M., Fortina V., Peri C. A., Saltini P., Viero G., Itri T., Ferroni V., Pastore V., Massafra R., Liparoti A., Muheberimana T., Giommi A., Bianco R., De Azevedo R. M., Chitani G. E., Gualtierotti R., Boasi N., Pagliaro E., Massimo C., De Caro M., Giachi A., Vigone B., Bellocchi C., Carandina A., Fiorelli E., Melli V., Tobaldini E., Aliberti S., Spotti M., Terranova L., Misuraca S., D'Adda A., Fiore S. D., Di Pasquale M., Mantero M., Contarini M., Ori M., Morlacchi L., Rossetti V., Gramegna A., Pappalettera M., Cavallini M., Buscemi A., Vicenzi M., Rota I., Costantino G., Solbiati M., Furlan L., Mancarella M., Colombo G., Fanin A., Passarella M., Monzani V., Rovellini A., Barbetta L., Billi F., Folli C., Accordino S., Maira D., Hu C. M., Motta I., Scar-Amellini N., Fracanzani A. L., Lombardi R., Cespiati A., Cesari M., Lucchi T., Proietti M., Calcaterra L., Mandelli C., Coppola C., Cerizza A., Maria Pesenti A., Grasselli G., Galazzi A., Tet-Tamanti M., Monti I., Galbussera A. A., Crisafulli E., Girelli D., Maroccia A., Gabbiani D., Busti F., Vianello A., Biondan M., Sartori F., Faverio P., Pesci A., Zucchetti S., Bonfanti P., Rossi M., Beretta I., Spolti A., Harari S., Elia D., Cassandro R., Caminati A., Cipollone F., Guagnano M. T., D'Ardes D., Rossi I., Vezzani F., Spanevello A., Cherubino F., Visca D., Contoli M., Papi A., Morandi L., Battistini N., Luigi Moreo G., Iannuzzi P., Fumagalli D., Leone S., Oud J. A., Baysan M., Wigb J., van Heurn L. J., ter Haar S. B., Toppenberg A. G. L., Heerdink L., van IJlzinga Veenstra A. A., Eikenboom A. M., Wubbolts J., Uzorka J., Lijferink W., Meier R., de Jonge I. -B., Arbous S. M., de Boer M. G. J., van der Bom J. G., Dekkers O. M., Hassan, S, Ramspek, C, Ferrari, B, van Diepen, M, Rossio, R, Knevel, R, la Mura, V, Artoni, A, Martinelli, I, Bandera, A, Nobili, A, Gori, A, Blasi, F, Canetta, C, Montano, N, Rosendaal, F, Peyvandi, F, Bosari, S, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell'Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferarri, F, Muscatello, A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi, A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Zuglian, G, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Renisi, G, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Fortina, V, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Viero, G, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, De Azevedo, R, Chitani, G, Gualtierotti, R, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Giachi, A, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D'Adda, A, Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Mantero, M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scar-Amellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Maria Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Tet-Tamanti, M, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Harari, S, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D'Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Luigi Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalli, D, Leone, S, Oud, J, Baysan, M, Wigb, J, van Heurn, L, ter Haar, S, Toppenberg, A, Heerdink, L, van IJlzinga Veenstra, A, Eikenboom, A, Wubbolts, J, Uzorka, J, Lijferink, W, Meier, R, de Jonge, I, Arbous, S, de Boer, M, van der Bom, J, Dekkers, O, Hassan S., Ramspek C. L., Ferrari B., van Diepen M., Rossio R., Knevel R., la Mura V., Artoni A., Martinelli I., Bandera A., Nobili A., Gori A., Blasi F., Canetta C., Montano N., Rosendaal F. R., Peyvandi F., Bosari S., Scudeller L., Fusetti G., Rusconi L., Dell'Orto S., Prati D., Valenti L., Giovannelli S., Manunta M., Lamorte G., Ferarri F., Muscatello A., Mangioni D., Alagna L., Bozzi G., Lombardi A., Ungaro R., Ancona G., Zuglian G., Bolis M., Iannotti N., Ludovisi S., Comelli A., Renisi G., Biscarini S., Castelli V., Palomba E., Fava M., Fortina V., Peri C. A., Saltini P., Viero G., Itri T., Ferroni V., Pastore V., Massafra R., Liparoti A., Muheberimana T., Giommi A., Bianco R., De Azevedo R. M., Chitani G. E., Gualtierotti R., Boasi N., Pagliaro E., Massimo C., De Caro M., Giachi A., Vigone B., Bellocchi C., Carandina A., Fiorelli E., Melli V., Tobaldini E., Aliberti S., Spotti M., Terranova L., Misuraca S., D'Adda A., Fiore S. D., Di Pasquale M., Mantero M., Contarini M., Ori M., Morlacchi L., Rossetti V., Gramegna A., Pappalettera M., Cavallini M., Buscemi A., Vicenzi M., Rota I., Costantino G., Solbiati M., Furlan L., Mancarella M., Colombo G., Fanin A., Passarella M., Monzani V., Rovellini A., Barbetta L., Billi F., Folli C., Accordino S., Maira D., Hu C. M., Motta I., Scar-Amellini N., Fracanzani A. L., Lombardi R., Cespiati A., Cesari M., Lucchi T., Proietti M., Calcaterra L., Mandelli C., Coppola C., Cerizza A., Maria Pesenti A., Grasselli G., Galazzi A., Tet-Tamanti M., Monti I., Galbussera A. A., Crisafulli E., Girelli D., Maroccia A., Gabbiani D., Busti F., Vianello A., Biondan M., Sartori F., Faverio P., Pesci A., Zucchetti S., Bonfanti P., Rossi M., Beretta I., Spolti A., Harari S., Elia D., Cassandro R., Caminati A., Cipollone F., Guagnano M. T., D'Ardes D., Rossi I., Vezzani F., Spanevello A., Cherubino F., Visca D., Contoli M., Papi A., Morandi L., Battistini N., Luigi Moreo G., Iannuzzi P., Fumagalli D., Leone S., Oud J. A., Baysan M., Wigb J., van Heurn L. J., ter Haar S. B., Toppenberg A. G. L., Heerdink L., van IJlzinga Veenstra A. A., Eikenboom A. M., Wubbolts J., Uzorka J., Lijferink W., Meier R., de Jonge I. -B., Arbous S. M., de Boer M. G. J., van der Bom J. G., and Dekkers O. M.

Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents an urgent threat to global health. Prediction models that accurately estimate mortality risk in hospitalized patients could assist medical staff in treatment and allocating limited resources. Aims: To externally validate two promising previously published risk scores that predict in-hospital mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: Two prospective cohorts were available; a cohort of 1028 patients admitted to one of nine hospitals in Lombardy, Italy (the Lombardy cohort) and a cohort of 432 patients admitted to a hospital in Leiden, the Netherlands (the Leiden cohort). The endpoint was in-hospital mortality. All patients were adult and tested COVID-19 PCR-positive. Model discrimination and calibration were assessed. Results: The C-statistic of the 4C mortality score was good in the Lombardy cohort (0.85, 95CI: 0.82−0.89) and in the Leiden cohort (0.87, 95CI: 0.80−0.94). Model calibration was acceptable in the Lombardy cohort but poor in the Leiden cohort due to the model systematically overpredicting the mortality risk for all patients. The C-statistic of the CURB-65 score was good in the Lombardy cohort (0.80, 95CI: 0.75−0.85) and in the Leiden cohort (0.82, 95CI: 0.76−0.88). The mortality rate in the CURB-65 development cohort was much lower than the mortality rate in the Lombardy cohort. A similar but less pronounced trend was found for patients in the Leiden cohort. Conclusion: Although performances did not differ greatly, the 4C mortality score showed the best performance. However, because of quickly changing circumstances, model recalibration may be necessary before using the 4C mortality score.

Published
2022

20. The role of the acceptance and commitment therapy in the treatment of social anxiety: An updated scoping review

Author

Caletti, E, Massimo, C, Magliocca, S, Moltrasio, C, Brambilla, P, Delvecchio, G, Caletti E., Massimo C., Magliocca S., Moltrasio C., Brambilla P., Delvecchio G., Caletti, E, Massimo, C, Magliocca, S, Moltrasio, C, Brambilla, P, Delvecchio, G, Caletti E., Massimo C., Magliocca S., Moltrasio C., Brambilla P., and Delvecchio G.

Abstract

Background: Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) or Social Phobia is characterized by fear and anxiety of social circumstances that negatively impact an individual's occupational and relational life. There are several treatment options for this disorder ranging from pharmacological therapy to psychotherapies. In particular, the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy that practices acceptance and awareness strategies with behavior change strategies in order to increase an individual's mental flexibility, has been found to be effective. In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of recent studies that examined ACT's efficacy in SAD, also taking into consideration the comparison with traditional Cognitive-behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions. Methods: A bibliographic search on PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus was conducted from inception to the 3rd of February 2022 of all studies investigating the effect of ACT in SAD individuals without any comorbidity. Among the articles retrieved, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Results: From the reviewed studies, ACT may be considered a promising treatment of social phobia by improving attentional bias, awareness, emotion regulation, and safety/avoidance behaviors; however, the results have not yet demonstrated a valid alternative to the CBT. Limitations: Only four studies considered a follow-up evaluation, which is paramount to exploring the effectiveness of ACT and several studies have a very small sample size. Concerning the review itself we only considered original English articles and we did not measure the risk of publication bias and the risk of bias between studies. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that ACT can be a promising treatment for improving selective psychological problems often observed in SAD. However, larger longitudinal studies further exploring the effectiveness of the behavioral and cognitive “third-wave” psychotherapies, based mainly on acceptance of SAD, are ne

Published
2022

21. Clinical factors associated with death in 3044 COVID-19 patients managed in internal medicine wards in Italy: comment

Author

Bandera, A, Nobili, A, Tettamanti, M, Harari, S, Bosari, S, Mannucci, P, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell'Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferrari, F, Gori, A, Muscatello, A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi, A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Zuglian, G, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Renisi, G, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Fortina, V, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Viero, G, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, De Azevedo, R, Chitani, G, Peyvandi, F, Gualtierotti, R, Ferrari, B, Rossio, R, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Montano, N, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Blasi, F, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D'Adda, A, Della Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Canetta, C, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scaramellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D'Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalli, D, Leone, S, Bandera A., Nobili A., Tettamanti M., Harari S., Bosari S., Mannucci P. M., Scudeller L., Fusetti G., Rusconi L., Dell'Orto S., Prati D., Valenti L., Giovannelli S., Manunta M., Lamorte G., Ferrari F., Gori A., Muscatello A., Mangioni D., Alagna L., Bozzi G., Lombardi A., Ungaro R., Ancona G., Zuglian G., Bolis M., Iannotti N., Ludovisi S., Comelli A., Renisi G., Biscarini S., Castelli V., Palomba E., Fava M., Fortina V., Peri C. A., Saltini P., Viero G., Itri T., Ferroni V., Pastore V., Massafra R., Liparoti A., Muheberimana T., Giommi A., Bianco R., De Azevedo R. M., Chitani G. E., Peyvandi F., Gualtierotti R., Ferrari B., Rossio R., Boasi N., Pagliaro E., Massimo C., De Caro M., Montano N., Vigone B., Bellocchi C., Carandina A., Fiorelli E., Melli V., Tobaldini E., Blasi F., Aliberti S., Spotti M., Terranova L., Misuraca S., D'Adda A., Della Fiore S., Di Pasquale M., Contarini M. M. M., Ori M., Morlacchi L., Rossetti V., Gramegna A., Pappalettera M., Cavallini M., Buscemi A., Vicenzi M., Rota I., Costantino G., Solbiati M., Furlan L., Mancarella M., Colombo G., Fanin A., Passarella M., Monzani V., Canetta C., Rovellini A., Barbetta L., Billi F., Folli C., Accordino S., Maira D., Hu C. M., Motta I., Scaramellini N., Fracanzani A. L., Lombardi R., Cespiati A., Cesari M., Lucchi T., Proietti M., Calcaterra L., Mandelli C., Coppola C., Cerizza A., Pesenti A. M., Grasselli G., Galazzi A., Monti I., Galbussera A. A., Crisafulli E., Girelli D., Maroccia A., Gabbiani D., Busti F., Vianello A., Biondan M., Sartori F., Faverio P., Pesci A., Zucchetti S., Bonfanti P., Rossi M., Beretta I., Spolti A., Elia D., Cassandro R., Caminati A., Cipollone F., Guagnano M. T., D'Ardes D., Rossi I., Vezzani F., Spanevello A., Cherubino F., Visca D., Contoli M., Papi A., Morandi L., Battistini N., Moreo G. L., Iannuzzi P., Fumagalli D., Leone S., Bandera, A, Nobili, A, Tettamanti, M, Harari, S, Bosari, S, Mannucci, P, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell'Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferrari, F, Gori, A, Muscatello, A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi, A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Zuglian, G, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Renisi, G, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Fortina, V, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Viero, G, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, De Azevedo, R, Chitani, G, Peyvandi, F, Gualtierotti, R, Ferrari, B, Rossio, R, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Montano, N, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Blasi, F, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D'Adda, A, Della Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Canetta, C, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scaramellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D'Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalli, D, Leone, S, Bandera A., Nobili A., Tettamanti M., Harari S., Bosari S., Mannucci P. M., Scudeller L., Fusetti G., Rusconi L., Dell'Orto S., Prati D., Valenti L., Giovannelli S., Manunta M., Lamorte G., Ferrari F., Gori A., Muscatello A., Mangioni D., Alagna L., Bozzi G., Lombardi A., Ungaro R., Ancona G., Zuglian G., Bolis M., Iannotti N., Ludovisi S., Comelli A., Renisi G., Biscarini S., Castelli V., Palomba E., Fava M., Fortina V., Peri C. A., Saltini P., Viero G., Itri T., Ferroni V., Pastore V., Massafra R., Liparoti A., Muheberimana T., Giommi A., Bianco R., De Azevedo R. M., Chitani G. E., Peyvandi F., Gualtierotti R., Ferrari B., Rossio R., Boasi N., Pagliaro E., Massimo C., De Caro M., Montano N., Vigone B., Bellocchi C., Carandina A., Fiorelli E., Melli V., Tobaldini E., Blasi F., Aliberti S., Spotti M., Terranova L., Misuraca S., D'Adda A., Della Fiore S., Di Pasquale M., Contarini M. M. M., Ori M., Morlacchi L., Rossetti V., Gramegna A., Pappalettera M., Cavallini M., Buscemi A., Vicenzi M., Rota I., Costantino G., Solbiati M., Furlan L., Mancarella M., Colombo G., Fanin A., Passarella M., Monzani V., Canetta C., Rovellini A., Barbetta L., Billi F., Folli C., Accordino S., Maira D., Hu C. M., Motta I., Scaramellini N., Fracanzani A. L., Lombardi R., Cespiati A., Cesari M., Lucchi T., Proietti M., Calcaterra L., Mandelli C., Coppola C., Cerizza A., Pesenti A. M., Grasselli G., Galazzi A., Monti I., Galbussera A. A., Crisafulli E., Girelli D., Maroccia A., Gabbiani D., Busti F., Vianello A., Biondan M., Sartori F., Faverio P., Pesci A., Zucchetti S., Bonfanti P., Rossi M., Beretta I., Spolti A., Elia D., Cassandro R., Caminati A., Cipollone F., Guagnano M. T., D'Ardes D., Rossi I., Vezzani F., Spanevello A., Cherubino F., Visca D., Contoli M., Papi A., Morandi L., Battistini N., Moreo G. L., Iannuzzi P., Fumagalli D., and Leone S.

Published
2022

22. Clinical risk scores for the early prediction of severe outocomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19: comment

Author

Rossio, R, Tettamanti, M, Nobili, A, Harari, S, Mannucci, P, Bandera, A, Peyvandi, F, Bosari, S, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell'Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferrari, F, Gori, A, Muscatello, A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi, A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Zuglian, G, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Renisi, G, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Fortina, V, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Viero, G, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, De Azevedo, R, Chitani, G, Gualtierotti, R, Ferrari, B, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Giachi, A, Montano, N, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Blasi, F, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D'Adda, A, Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Mantero, M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Canetta, C, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scaramellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D'Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalli, D, Leone, S, Rossio R., Tettamanti M., Nobili A., Harari S., Mannucci P. M., Bandera A., Peyvandi F., Bosari S., Scudeller L., Fusetti G., Rusconi L., Dell'Orto S., Prati D., Valenti L., Giovannelli S., Manunta M., Lamorte G., Ferrari F., Gori A., Muscatello A., Mangioni D., Alagna L., Bozzi G., Lombardi A., Ungaro R., Ancona G., Zuglian G., Bolis M., Iannotti N., Ludovisi S., Comelli A., Renisi G., Biscarini S., Castelli V., Palomba E., Fava M., Fortina V., Peri C. A., Saltini P., Viero G., Itri T., Ferroni V., Pastore V., Massafra R., Liparoti A., Muheberimana T., Giommi A., Bianco R., De Azevedo R. M., Chitani G. E., Gualtierotti R., Ferrari B., Boasi N., Pagliaro E., Massimo C., De Caro M., Giachi A., Montano N., Vigone B., Bellocchi C., Carandina A., Fiorelli E., Melli V., Tobaldini E., Blasi F., Aliberti S., Spotti M., Terranova L., Misuraca S., D'Adda A., Fiore S. D., Di Pasquale M., Mantero M., Contarini M., Ori M., Morlacchi L., Rossetti V., Gramegna A., Pappalettera M., Cavallini M., Buscemi A., Vicenzi M., Rota I., Costantino G., Solbiati M., Furlan L., Mancarella M., Colombo G., Fanin A., Passarella M., Monzani V., Canetta C., Rovellini A., Barbetta L., Billi F., Folli C., Accordino S., Maira D., Hu C. M., Motta I., Scaramellini N., Fracanzani A. L., Lombardi R., Cespiati A., Cesari M., Lucchi T., Proietti M., Calcaterra L., Mandelli C., Coppola C., Cerizza A., Pesenti A. M., Grasselli G., Galazzi A., Monti I., Galbussera A. A., Crisafulli E., Girelli D., Maroccia A., Gabbiani D., Busti F., Vianello A., Biondan M., Sartori F., Faverio P., Pesci A., Zucchetti S., Bonfanti P., Rossi M., Beretta I., Spolti A., Elia D., Cassandro R., Caminati A., Cipollone F., Guagnano M. T., D'Ardes D., Rossi I., Vezzani F., Spanevello A., Cherubino F., Visca D., Contoli M., Papi A., Morandi L., Battistini N., Moreo G. L., Iannuzzi P., Fumagalli D., Leone S., Rossio, R, Tettamanti, M, Nobili, A, Harari, S, Mannucci, P, Bandera, A, Peyvandi, F, Bosari, S, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell'Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferrari, F, Gori, A, Muscatello, A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi, A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Zuglian, G, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Renisi, G, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Fortina, V, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Viero, G, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, De Azevedo, R, Chitani, G, Gualtierotti, R, Ferrari, B, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Giachi, A, Montano, N, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Blasi, F, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D'Adda, A, Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Mantero, M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Canetta, C, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scaramellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D'Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalli, D, Leone, S, Rossio R., Tettamanti M., Nobili A., Harari S., Mannucci P. M., Bandera A., Peyvandi F., Bosari S., Scudeller L., Fusetti G., Rusconi L., Dell'Orto S., Prati D., Valenti L., Giovannelli S., Manunta M., Lamorte G., Ferrari F., Gori A., Muscatello A., Mangioni D., Alagna L., Bozzi G., Lombardi A., Ungaro R., Ancona G., Zuglian G., Bolis M., Iannotti N., Ludovisi S., Comelli A., Renisi G., Biscarini S., Castelli V., Palomba E., Fava M., Fortina V., Peri C. A., Saltini P., Viero G., Itri T., Ferroni V., Pastore V., Massafra R., Liparoti A., Muheberimana T., Giommi A., Bianco R., De Azevedo R. M., Chitani G. E., Gualtierotti R., Ferrari B., Boasi N., Pagliaro E., Massimo C., De Caro M., Giachi A., Montano N., Vigone B., Bellocchi C., Carandina A., Fiorelli E., Melli V., Tobaldini E., Blasi F., Aliberti S., Spotti M., Terranova L., Misuraca S., D'Adda A., Fiore S. D., Di Pasquale M., Mantero M., Contarini M., Ori M., Morlacchi L., Rossetti V., Gramegna A., Pappalettera M., Cavallini M., Buscemi A., Vicenzi M., Rota I., Costantino G., Solbiati M., Furlan L., Mancarella M., Colombo G., Fanin A., Passarella M., Monzani V., Canetta C., Rovellini A., Barbetta L., Billi F., Folli C., Accordino S., Maira D., Hu C. M., Motta I., Scaramellini N., Fracanzani A. L., Lombardi R., Cespiati A., Cesari M., Lucchi T., Proietti M., Calcaterra L., Mandelli C., Coppola C., Cerizza A., Pesenti A. M., Grasselli G., Galazzi A., Monti I., Galbussera A. A., Crisafulli E., Girelli D., Maroccia A., Gabbiani D., Busti F., Vianello A., Biondan M., Sartori F., Faverio P., Pesci A., Zucchetti S., Bonfanti P., Rossi M., Beretta I., Spolti A., Elia D., Cassandro R., Caminati A., Cipollone F., Guagnano M. T., D'Ardes D., Rossi I., Vezzani F., Spanevello A., Cherubino F., Visca D., Contoli M., Papi A., Morandi L., Battistini N., Moreo G. L., Iannuzzi P., Fumagalli D., and Leone S.

Published
2022

23. Tbet Expression in Regulatory T Cells Is Required to Initiate Th1-Mediated Colitis

Author

Martina Di Giovangiulio, Angelamaria Rizzo, Eleonora Franzè, Flavio Caprioli, Federica Facciotti, Sara Onali, Agnese Favale, Carmine Stolfi, Hans-Joerg Fehling, Giovanni Monteleone, and Massimo C. Fantini

Subjects
Treg cells, Tbet, Th1-like Tregs, inflammatory bowel disease, inflammation, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

In normal conditions gut homeostasis is maintained by the suppressive activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs), characterized by the expression of the transcription factor FoxP3. In human inflammatory bowel disease, which is believed to be the consequence of the loss of tolerance toward antigens normally contained in the gut lumen, Tregs have been found to be increased and functionally active, thus pointing against their possible role in the pathogenesis of this immune-mediated disease. Though, in inflammatory conditions, Tregs have been shown to upregulate the T helper (Th) type 1-related transcription factor Tbet and to express the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFNγ, thus suggesting that at a certain point of the inflammatory process, Tregs might contribute to inflammation rather than suppress it. Starting from the observation that Tregs isolated from the lamina propria of active but not inactive IBD patients or uninflamed controls express Tbet and IFNγ, we investigated the functional role of Th1-like Tregs in the dextran sulfate model of colitis. As observed in human IBD, Th1-like Tregs were upregulated in the inflamed lamina propria of treated mice and the expression of Tbet and IFNγ in Tregs preceded the accumulation of conventional Th1 cells. By using a Treg-specific Tbet conditional knockout, we demonstrated that Tbet expression in Tregs is required for the development of colitis. Indeed, Tbet knockout mice developed milder colitis and showed an impaired Th1 immune response. In these mice not only the Tbet deficient Tregs but also the Tbet proficient conventional T cells showed reduced IFNγ expression. However, Tbet deficiency did not affect the Tregs suppressive capacity in vitro and in vivo in the adoptive transfer model of colitis. In conclusion here we show that Tbet expression by Tregs sustains the early phase of the Th1-mediated inflammatory response in the gut.

Published
2019
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24. Data from RORγt-Expressing Tregs Drive the Growth of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by Controlling IL6 in Dendritic Cells

Author

Massimo C. Fantini, Giovanni Monteleone, Claudia Mescoli, Massimo Rugge, Angela Ortenzi, Alfredo Colantoni, Ezio Giorda, Rita Carsetti, Hans-Joerg Fehling, Eleonora Franzè, Carmine Stolfi, Martina Di Giovangiulio, and Angelamaria Rizzo

Abstract

Chronic inflammation drives colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) coexpressing the Th17-related transcription factor RORγt accumulate in the lamina propria of IBD patients, where they are thought to represent an intermediate stage of development toward a Th17 proinflammatory phenotype. However, the role of these cells in CAC is unknown. RORγt+FoxP3+ cells were investigated in human samples of CAC, and their phenotypic stability and function were investigated in an azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium model of CAC using Treg fate-mapping reporter and Treg-specific RORγt conditional knockout mice. Tumor development and the intratumoral inflammatory milieu were characterized in these mice. The functional role of CTLA-4 expressed by Tregs and FoxO3 in dendritic cells (DC) was studied in vitro and in vivo by siRNA-silencing experiments. RORγt expression identified a phenotypically stable population of tumor-infiltrating Tregs in humans and mice. Conditional RORγt knockout mice showed reduced tumor incidence, and dysplastic cells exhibited low Ki67 expression and STAT3 activation. Tumor-infiltrating DCs produced less IL6, a cytokine that triggers STAT3-dependent proliferative signals in neoplastic cells. RORγt-deficient Tregs isolated from tumors overexpressed CTLA-4 and induced DCs to have elevated expression of the transcription factor FoxO3, thus reducing IL6 expression. Finally, in vivo silencing of FoxO3 obtained by siRNA microinjection in the tumors of RORγt-deficient mice restored IL6 expression and tumor growth. These data demonstrate that RORγt expressed by tumor-infiltrating Tregs sustains tumor growth by leaving IL6 expression in DCs unchecked. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(9); 1082–92. ©2018 AACR.

Published
2023
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27. IL10 Secretion Endows Intestinal Human iNKT Cells with Regulatory Functions Towards Pathogenic T Lymphocytes

Author

Claudia Burrello, Francesco Strati, Georgia Lattanzi, Angelica Diaz-Basabe, Erika Mileti, Maria Rita Giuffrè, Gianluca Lopez, Fulvia Milena Cribiù, Elena Trombetta, Marinos Kallikourdis, Marco Cremonesi, Francesco Conforti, Fiorenzo Botti, Laura Porretti, Maria Rescigno, Maurizio Vecchi, Massimo C Fantini, Flavio Caprioli, Federica Facciotti, Burrello, C, Strati, F, Lattanzi, G, Diaz-Basabe, A, Mileti, E, Giuffrè, M, Lopez, G, Cribiù, F, Trombetta, E, Kallikourdis, M, Cremonesi, M, Conforti, F, Botti, F, Porretti, L, Rescigno, M, Vecchi, M, Fantini, M, Caprioli, F, and Facciotti, F

Subjects
Crohn’s disease, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Gastroenterology, General Medicine, SCFA, Colitis, Interleukin-10, Crohn Disease, iNKT cell, microbiota, Humans, Natural Killer T-Cells, Intestinal Mucosa, IL10
Abstract

Background and Aims Invariant natural killer T [iNKT] cells perform pleiotropic functions in different tissues by secreting a vast array of pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic molecules. However, the presence and function of human intestinal iNKT cells capable of secreting immunomodulatory molecules such as IL-10 has never been reported so far. Here we describe for the first time the presence of IL10-producing iNKT cells [NKT10 cells] in the intestinal lamina propria of healthy individuals and of Crohn’s disease [CD] patients. Methods Frequency and phenotype of NKT10 cells were analysed ex vivo from intestinal specimens of Crohn’s disease [n = 17] and controls [n = 7]. Stable CD-derived intestinal NKT10 cell lines were used to perform in vitro suppression assays and co-cultures with patient-derived mucosa-associated microbiota. Experimental colitis models were performed by adoptive cell transfer of splenic naïve CD4+ T cells in the presence or absence of IL10-sufficient or -deficient iNKT cells. In vivo induction of NKT10 cells was performed by administration of short chain fatty acids [SCFA] by oral gavage. Results Patient-derived intestinal NKT10 cells demonstrated suppressive capabilities towards pathogenic CD4+ T cells. The presence of increased proportions of mucosal NKT10 cells associated with better clinical outcomes in CD patients. Moreover, an intestinal microbial community enriched in SCFA-producing bacteria sustained the production of IL10 by iNKT cells. Finally, IL10-deficient iNKT cells failed to control the pathogenic activity of adoptively transferred CD4+ T cells in an experimental colitis model. Conclusions These results describe an unprecedentd IL10-mediated immunoregulatory role of intestinal iNKT cells in controlling the pathogenic functions of mucosal T helper subsets and in maintaining the intestinal immune homeostasis.

Published
2022
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29. Data from Smad7 Expression in T cells Prevents Colitis-Associated Cancer

Author

Massimo C. Fantini, Giovanni Monteleone, Francesco Pallone, Thomas T. Macdonald, Markus F. Neurath, Christoph Becker, Daniele Fina, Massimiliano Sarra, Carmine Stolfi, Maximilian J. Waldner, and Angelamaria Rizzo

Abstract

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer due to chronic inflammation. In IBD, chronic inflammation relies upon a TGFβ signaling blockade, but its precise mechanistic relationship to colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of the TGFβ signaling inhibitor Smad7 in CAC pathogenesis. In human colonic specimens, Smad7 was downregulated in CD4+ T cells located in the lamina propria of patients with complicated IBD compared with uncomplicated IBD. Therefore, we assessed CAC susceptibility in a transgenic mouse model where Smad7 was overexpressed specifically in T cells. In this model, Smad7 overexpression increased colitis severity, but the mice nevertheless developed fewer tumors than nontransgenic mice. Protection was associated with increased expression of IFNγ and increased accumulation of cytotoxic CD8+ and natural killer T cells in the tumors and peritumoral areas. Moreover, genetic deficiency in IFNγ abolished the Smad7-dependent protection against CAC. Taken together, our findings defined a novel and unexpected role for Smad7 in promoting a heightened inflammatory response that protects against CAC. Cancer Res; 71(24); 7423–32. ©2011 AACR.

Published
2023
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30. Cryo-electron microscopy of extracellular vesicles associated with the marine toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum

Author

Massimo C. Pernice, Daniel Closa, Esther Garcés, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)

Subjects
Alexandrium minutum, Cryo TEM, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Extracellular vesicles, Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development, Dinoflagellates
Abstract

7 pages, 5 figures, supplementary materials https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2023.102389.-- Data availability: Data will be made available on request, Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are likely an important strategy of transport and communication in marine microbial community. Their isolation and characterization from axenic culture of microbial eukaryotes represents a technological challenge not fully solved. Here, for the first time, we isolated EVs from a near-axenic culture of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum. Pictures of the isolated vesicles were done with Cryo TEM (Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy). Based on their morphotype the EVs were clustered in five major groups (rounded, rounded electron-dense, lumen electron-dense, double and irregular) and each EV was measured resulting in an average size of 0.36 µm of diameter. Taking in account that in prokaryotes it has been demonstrated that EVs play an important role in the mechanism of toxicity, this descriptive work aims to be the first step to study the possible role of EVs in the toxicity of dinoflagellates, We thank the Spanish MICINN Project SMART (PID2020-112978GB-I00), and the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019- 000928-S)

Published
2023

31. A Short Comparison of Two Marine Planktonic Diazotrophic Symbioses Highlights an Un-quantified Disparity

Author

Andrea Caputo, Marcus Stenegren, Massimo C. Pernice, and Rachel A. Foster

Subjects
cyanobacteria, diazotrophs, diatoms, symbiosis, DDA, UCYN-A, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

Some N2-fixing cyanobacteria form symbiosis with diverse protists. In the plankton two groups of diazotrophic symbioses are described: (1) a collective group of diatoms which associate with heterocystous cyanobacteria (Diatom Diazotroph Associations, DDA), and (2) the microalgal prymnesiophyte Braarudosphaera bigelowii and its relatives which associate with the unicellular cyanobacterium Candidatus Atelocyanobacterium thalassa (hereafter as UCYN-A). Both symbiotic systems co-occur, and in both partnerships the symbionts function as a nitrogen (N) source. In this perspective, we provide a brief comparison between the DDAs and the prymnesiophyte-UCYN-A symbioses highlighting similarities and differences in both systems, and present a bias in the attention and current methodology that has led to an under-detection and under-estimation of the DDAs.

Published
2018
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32. Quercetin and its derivates as antiviral potentials: A comprehensive review

Author

Massimo C. Fantini, Antonella Fais, Amalia Di Petrillo, and Germano Orrù

Subjects
coronavirus, Picornaviridae, Reviews, Filoviridae, Review, Pharmacology, Virus Replication, Antiviral Agents, quercetin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Flaviviridae, influenza virus H1N1, Humans, Coronaviridae, heterocyclic compounds, Flavonoids, biology, HIV, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, antiviral, Hepadnaviridae, chemistry, Viral replication, Virus Diseases, HCV, Quercetin
Abstract

Quercetin, widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, is a flavonoid known for its antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, and antiinflammatory properties. Several studies highlight the potential use of quercetin as an antiviral, due to its ability to inhibit the initial stages of virus infection, to be able to interact with proteases important for viral replication, and to reduce inflammation caused by infection. Quercetin could also be useful in combination with other drugs to potentially enhance the effects or synergistically interact with them, in order to reduce their side effects and related toxicity. Since there is no comprehensive compilation about antiviral activities of quercetin and derivates, the aim of this review is providing a summary of their antiviral activities on a set of human viral infections along with mechanisms of action. Thus, the following family of viruses are examined: Flaviviridae, Herpesviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Coronaviridae, Hepadnaviridae, Retroviridae, Picornaviridae, Pneumoviridae, and Filoviridae.

Published
2021
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35. Clinical factors associated with death in 3044 COVID-19 patients managed in internal medicine wards in Italy: comment

Author

Bandera, A., Nobili, A., Tettamanti, M., Harari, S., Bosari, S., Mannucci, P. M., Scudeller, L., Fusetti, G., Rusconi, L., Dell'Orto, S., Prati, D., Valenti, L., Giovannelli, S., Manunta, M., Lamorte, G., Ferrari, F., Gori, A., Muscatello, A., Mangioni, D., Alagna, L., Bozzi, G., Lombardi, A., Ungaro, R., Ancona, G., Zuglian, G., Bolis, M., Iannotti, N., Ludovisi, S., Comelli, A., Renisi, G., Biscarini, S., Castelli, V., Palomba, E., Fava, M., Fortina, V., Peri, C. A., Saltini, P., Viero, G., Itri, T., Ferroni, V., Pastore, V., Massafra, R., Liparoti, A., Muheberimana, T., Giommi, A., Bianco, R., De Azevedo, R. M., Chitani, G. E., Peyvandi, F., Gualtierotti, R., Ferrari, B., Rossio, R., Boasi, N., Pagliaro, E., Massimo, C., De Caro, M., Montano, N., Vigone, B., Bellocchi, C., Carandina, A., Fiorelli, E., Melli, V., Tobaldini, E., Blasi, F., Aliberti, S., Spotti, M., Terranova, L., Misuraca, S., D'Adda, A., Della Fiore, S., Di Pasquale, M., Contarini, M. M. M., Ori, M., Morlacchi, L., Rossetti, V., Gramegna, A., Pappalettera, M., Cavallini, M., Buscemi, A., Vicenzi, M., Rota, I., Costantino, G., Solbiati, M., Furlan, L., Mancarella, M., Colombo, G., Fanin, A., Passarella, M., Monzani, V., Canetta, C., Rovellini, A., Barbetta, L., Billi, F., Folli, C., Accordino, S., Maira, D., C. M., Hu, Motta, I., Scaramellini, N., Fracanzani, A. L., Lombardi, R., Cespiati, A., Cesari, M., Lucchi, T., Proietti, M., Calcaterra, L., Mandelli, C., Coppola, C., Cerizza, A., Pesenti, A. M., Grasselli, G., Galazzi, A., Monti, I., Galbussera, A. A., Crisafulli, E., Girelli, D., Maroccia, A., Gabbiani, D., Busti, F., Vianello, A., Biondan, M., Sartori, F., Faverio, P., Pesci, A., Zucchetti, S., Bonfanti, P., Rossi, M., Beretta, I., Spolti, A., Elia, D., Cassandro, R., Caminati, A., Cipollone, F., Guagnano, M. T., D'Ardes, D., Rossi, I., Vezzani, F., Spanevello, A., Cherubino, F., Visca, D., Contoli, M., Papi, A., Morandi, L., Battistini, N., Moreo, G. L., Iannuzzi, P., Fumagalli, D., Leone, S., Bandera, A, Nobili, A, Tettamanti, M, Harari, S, Bosari, S, Mannucci, P, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell'Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferrari, F, Gori, A, Muscatello, A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi, A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Zuglian, G, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Renisi, G, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Fortina, V, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Viero, G, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, De Azevedo, R, Chitani, G, Peyvandi, F, Gualtierotti, R, Ferrari, B, Rossio, R, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Montano, N, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Blasi, F, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D'Adda, A, Della Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Canetta, C, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scaramellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D'Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalli, D, and Leone, S

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Critical Care, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Ce - Letter to the Editor, MEDLINE, Cohort Studies, Hospital, Internal Medicine, Medicine, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Intensive care medicine, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Respiration, Artificial, Hospitals, Hospitalization, Survival Rate, Italy, Emergency Medicine, business, Human
Abstract

During the COVID-19 2020 outbreak, a large body of data has been provided on general management and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Yet, relatively little is known on characteristics and outcome of patients managed in Internal Medicine Units (IMU). To address this gap, the Italian Society of Internal Medicine has conducted a nationwide cohort multicentre study on death outcome in adult COVID-19 patients admitted and managed in IMU. This study assessed 3044 COVID-19 patients at 41 referral hospitals across Italy from February 3rd to May 8th 2020. Demographics, comorbidities, organ dysfunction, treatment, and outcomes including death were assessed. During the study period, 697 patients (22.9%) were transferred to intensive care units, and 351 died in IMU (death rate 14.9%). At admission, factors independently associated with in-hospital mortality were age (OR 2.46, p = 0.000), productive cough (OR 2.04, p = 0.000), pre-existing chronic heart failure (OR 1.58, p = 0.017) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 1.17, p = 0.048), the number of comorbidities (OR 1.34, p = 0.000) and polypharmacy (OR 1.20, p = 0.000). Of note, up to 40% of elderly patients did not report fever at admission. Decreasing PaO

Published
2022

36. Tunable 'In-Chain' and 'At the End of the Branches' Methyl Acrylate Incorporation in the Polyolefin Skeleton through Pd(II) Catalysis

Author

Chiara Alberoni, Massimo C. D’Alterio, Gabriele Balducci, Barbara Immirzi, Maurizio Polentarutti, Claudio Pellecchia, Barbara Milani, Alberoni, Chiara, D’Alterio, Massimo C., Balducci, Gabriele, Immirzi, Barbara, Polentarutti, Maurizio, Pellecchia, Claudio, and Milani, Barbara

Subjects
copolymerization, polar vinyl monomers, microstructure, polar vinyl monomer, functionalized polyolefin, functionalized polyolefins, palladium, resting state, General Chemistry, Catalysis
Abstract

The synthesis of functionalized polyolefins through coordination – insertion polymerization is a highly challenging reaction. The ideal catalyst, in addition to show a high productivity, has to be able to control the copolymer microstructure and, in particular, the way of the polar vinyl monomer incorporation. In this contribution we have modified the typical Brookhart’s catalyst by introducing in the fourth coordination site of palladium an hemilabile, potentially bidentate ligand, such as a thiophenimine (N-S). The obtained cationic Pd(II) complexes, [Pd(Me)(N-N)(N-S)][PF6], generated active catalysts for the ethylene/methyl acrylate (MA) copolymerization leading to the desired copolymer with a different incorporation of the polar monomer depending on both the reaction medium and the N-S ligand. Surprisingly enough, the produced copolymers have the inserted acrylate both at the end of the branches (T(MA)) and in the main chain (M(MA)) in a ratio M(MA) : T(MA) that goes from 9 : 91 to 45 : 55 moving from dichloromethane to trifluoroethanol (TFE) as a solvent for the catalysis and varying the N-S ligand. The catalytic behavior of the new complexes was compared to that of the parent compound [Pd(Me)(N-N)(MeCN)][PF6], highlighting that when the copolymerization is carried out in trifluoroethanol this complex is also able to produce the E/MA copolymer with MA inserted both in main chain and at the end of the branches. Accurate NMR studies on the reactivity of the precatalyst [Pd(Me)(N-N)(MeCN)][PF6] with the two comonomers allowed us to discover that in the fluorinated solvent the catalyst resting state is an open chain intermediate having both the organic fragment, originated from the migratory insertion of MA into the Pd-Me bond, and the acetonitrile coordinated to palladium and not the six-membered palladacycle typically observed for the Pd--diimine catalysts. This discovery is also supported by both DFT calculations and in situ NMR studies carried out on [Pd(Me)(N-N)(N-S)][PF6] complexes that point out that N-S remains in the palladium coordination sphere during catalysis. The open chain intermediate is responsible for the growth of the copolymer chain with the polar monomer inserted into the main chain.

Published
2022

37. The Resolution of Intestinal Inflammation: The Peace-Keeper’s Perspective

Author

Sara Onali, Agnese Favale, and Massimo C Fantini

Subjects
colitis, resolution, immunosuppression, counter-regulatory mechanisms, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

The uncontrolled activation of the immune system toward antigens contained in the gut lumen in genetically predisposed subjects is believed to be the leading cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Two not mutually exclusive hypotheses can explain the pathogenic process leading to IBD. The first and mostly explored hypothesis states that the loss of tolerance toward gut microbiota antigens generates an aberrant inflammatory response that is perpetuated by continuous and unavoidable exposure to the triggering antigens. However, the discovery that the resolution of inflammation is not the mere consequence of clearing inflammatory triggers and diluting pro-inflammatory factors, but rather an active process in which molecular and cellular elements are involved, implies that a defect in the pro-resolving mechanisms might cause chronic inflammation in different immune-mediated diseases, including IBD. Here we review data on pro-resolving and counter-regulatory mechanisms involved in the resolution of inflammation, aiming to identify their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Published
2019
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38. IL10 secretion endows intestinal human iNKT cells with regulatory functions towards pathogenic T lymphocytes

Author

Burrello, C, Strati, F, Lattanzi, G, Diaz-Basabe, A, Mileti, E, Giuffrè, M, Lopez, G, Cribiù, F, Trombetta, E, Kallikourdis, M, Cremonesi, M, Conforti, F, Botti, F, Porretti, L, Rescigno, M, Vecchi, M, Fantini, M, Caprioli, F, Facciotti, F, Burrello, Claudia, Strati, Francesco, Lattanzi, Georgia, Diaz-Basabe, Angelica, Mileti, Erika, Giuffrè, Maria Rita, Lopez, Gianluca, Cribiù, Fulvia Milena, Trombetta, Elena, Kallikourdis, Marinos, Cremonesi, Marco, Conforti, Francesco, Botti, Fiorenzo, Porretti, Laura, Rescigno, Maria, Vecchi, Maurizio, Fantini, Massimo C, Caprioli, Flavio, Facciotti, Federica, Burrello, C, Strati, F, Lattanzi, G, Diaz-Basabe, A, Mileti, E, Giuffrè, M, Lopez, G, Cribiù, F, Trombetta, E, Kallikourdis, M, Cremonesi, M, Conforti, F, Botti, F, Porretti, L, Rescigno, M, Vecchi, M, Fantini, M, Caprioli, F, Facciotti, F, Burrello, Claudia, Strati, Francesco, Lattanzi, Georgia, Diaz-Basabe, Angelica, Mileti, Erika, Giuffrè, Maria Rita, Lopez, Gianluca, Cribiù, Fulvia Milena, Trombetta, Elena, Kallikourdis, Marinos, Cremonesi, Marco, Conforti, Francesco, Botti, Fiorenzo, Porretti, Laura, Rescigno, Maria, Vecchi, Maurizio, Fantini, Massimo C, Caprioli, Flavio, and Facciotti, Federica

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Invariant natural killer T [iNKT] cells perform pleiotropic functions in different tissues by secreting a vast array of pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic molecules. However, the presence and function of human intestinal iNKT cells capable of secreting immunomodulatory molecules such as IL-10 has never been reported so far. Here we describe for the first time the presence of IL10-producing iNKT cells [NKT10 cells] in the intestinal lamina propria of healthy individuals and of Crohn's disease [CD] patients. METHODS: Frequency and phenotype of NKT10 cells were analysed ex vivo from intestinal specimens of Crohn's disease [n = 17] and controls [n = 7]. Stable CD-derived intestinal NKT10 cell lines were used to perform in vitro suppression assays and co-cultures with patient-derived mucosa-associated microbiota. Experimental colitis models were performed by adoptive cell transfer of splenic naïve CD4+ T cells in the presence or absence of IL10-sufficient or -deficient iNKT cells. In vivo induction of NKT10 cells was performed by administration of short chain fatty acids [SCFA] by oral gavage. RESULTS: Patient-derived intestinal NKT10 cells demonstrated suppressive capabilities towards pathogenic CD4+ T cells. The presence of increased proportions of mucosal NKT10 cells associated with better clinical outcomes in CD patients. Moreover, an intestinal microbial community enriched in SCFA-producing bacteria sustained the production of IL10 by iNKT cells. Finally, IL10-deficient iNKT cells failed to control the pathogenic activity of adoptively transferred CD4+ T cells in an experimental colitis model. CONCLUSIONS: These results describe an unprecedentd IL10-mediated immunoregulatory role of intestinal iNKT cells in controlling the pathogenic functions of mucosal T helper subsets and in maintaining the intestinal immune homeostasis.

Published
2022

39. Emergency surgery admissions and the COVID-19 pandemic: did the first wave really change our practice? Results of an ACOI/WSES international retrospective cohort audit on 6263 patients

Author

Tebala, G.D., Milani, M.S., Mark, B., Giles, B., Christopher, L., Roberto, C., Salomone Di Saverio, Fausto, C., Marco, S., Pierluigi, M., Rea Lo Dico, Antonio, S., Giuseppe, R., Sara, D., Pasquale, C., Enrico, R., Grazia, S., Gianluca, G., Gennaro, M., Angela, P., Altomare, D.F., Arcangelo, P., Giuseppe, T., Rigers, D., Vincenzo, P., Carolina, R., Roberto, P., Jacopo, A., Giusto, P., Rossella, D., Elisa, A., Ilaria, C., Nicola, C., Antonello, D., Raffaele, S., Francesco, B., Simona, G., Antonio, C., Paola, I., Alan, B., Gabriele, B., Paola, G., Nicolò De Manzini, Marco, B., Paladino, F.P., Diego, S., Felice, B., Valentina, T., Giorgio, G., Fabrizio, A., Giuffrida, M.C., Martino, G., Alessandro, F., Dario, M., Nicolò, F., Feo, C.V., Erica, B., Ilaria, P., Vincenzo, L., Tricarico, F.G., Giovanni Di Gioia, Rocco, M., Nicola, T., Antonio, A., Giovanna, P., Mario, P., Fernanda, V., Fiorenza, B., Andrea, B., Andrea, C., Roberto, B., Stefano, B., Michele, S., Andrea, G., Laura, D., Roberto, F., Giacomo, P., Valeria, A., Giampiero, P., Alice, F., Danelli, P., Luca, F., Claudio, G., Mariani, N.M., Andrea Pisani Ceretti, Nicastro, V., Opocher, E., Davide, G., Gianmaria Casoni Pattacini, Maurizio, C., Alfonso, A., Maria, G., Giuseppe, P., Petracca, G.L., Gennaro, P., Mario, G., Gianluigi, M., Harmony, I., Mauro, F., Sonia, A., Cattaneo, G.M., Palomba, C., Andrea, M., Marcello, C., Pipitore Federico, N.S., Bruno, C., Riccardo, D., Alessandra, M., Federico, C., Erica, P., Massimo, C., Dario, T., Sandro, G., Riccardo, S., Martina, T., Massimo, F., Rosita De Vincenti, Anna, G., Michele, G., Giulia, B., Brunella, P., Guida, A.M., Sara, I., Don, C.P., Leandro, S., Orazio, C., Daniele, C., Emanuele, S., Vito, P., Alessia, F., Gioia, B., Martina, Z., Pierfranco, C., Simona, M., Paolo, S., Antonella, P., Filippo La Torre, Pietro, F., Marta Di Grezia, Gabriele, S., Armellino, M.F., Giovanna, I., Bernardino, R., Marcello Della Corte, Francesco, F., Guglielmo, C., Pierpaolo, B., Alessandro, S., Marco, F., Alessandro, G., Monica, S., Dario, B., Donatella, S., Christian, C., Sissi, P., Chierici, A.P., Matteo, U., Stefano, O., Giovanni, C., Nadia, T., Andre, M., Daniela, M., Clara, L., Bruno, V., Bakarne, U., Irune, V., Marta, D., Amaia, S., Ibanez-Aguirre, F.J., Carlos, Y., Issa, T., Blas, J.L., Roberta, G., Saskia, C., Angus, W., Andrew Di Carlo, Ellen, W., Konain, E., Kellen, B., Emma, G., Paul, C., Raheel, A., Roshneen, A., Aswani, S.S., Afzal, B., Catalina, C., Aruna, D., Abishek, D., Amr, E., Diana, G., Lucia, L., Mitul, P., Amanda, S., Mohamed, S., Ola, S., Zoe Slack and, Tebala, Giovanni D, Milani, Marika S, Bignell, Mark, Bond-Smith, Gile, Lewis, Christopher, Cirocchi, Roberto, Di Saverio, Salomone, Catena, Fausto, Scatizzi, Marco, Marini, Pierluigi, de Manzini, Nicolo', Tebala, G. D., Milani, M. S., Bignell, M., Bond-Smith, G., Lewis, C., Cirocchi, R., Di Saverio, S., Catena, F., Scatizzi, M., Marini, P, Olmi, S, and on behalf of CovidICE-International, Collaborative

Subjects
Admission, Covid-19, emergency surgery, hospitalization, humans, retrospective studies, SARS-CoV-2, pandemics, RD1-811, RC86-88.9, Research, COVID-19, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Emergency surgery, Hospitalization, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Pandemics, Settore MED/18 - Chirurgia Generale, Retrospective Studie, Emergency Medicine, Surgery, Human
Abstract

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic is having a deep impact on emergency surgical services, with a significant reduction of patients admitted into emergency surgical units world widely. Reliable figures of this reduction have not been produced yet. Our international audit aimed at giving a precise snapshot of the absolute and relative changes of emergency surgical admissions at the outbreak of the pandemic. Materials and methods Datasets of patients admitted as general surgical emergencies into 45 internationally distributed emergency surgical units during the months of March and April 2020 (Covid-19 pandemic outbreak) were collected and compared with those of patients admitted into the same units during the months of March and April 2019 (pre-Covid-19). Primary endpoint was to evaluate the relative variation of the presentation symptoms and discharge diagnoses between the two study periods. Secondary endpoint was to identify the possible change of therapeutic strategy during the same two periods. Results Forty-five centres participated sent their anonymised data to the study hub, for a total of 6263 patients. Of these, 3810 were admitted in the pre-Covid period and 2453 in the Covid period, for a 35.6% absolute reduction. The most common presentation was abdominal pain, whose incidence did not change between the two periods, but in the Covid period patients presented less frequently with anal pain, hernias, anaemia and weight loss. ASA 1 and low frailty patients were admitted less frequently, while ASA>1 and frail patients showed a relative increase. The type of surgical access did not change significantly, but lap-to-open conversion rate halved between the two study periods. Discharge diagnoses of appendicitis and diverticulitis reduced significantly, while bowel ischaemia and perianal ailments had a significant relative increase. Conclusions Our audit demonstrates a significant overall reduction of emergency surgery admissions at the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic with a minimal change of the proportions of single presentations, diagnoses and treatments. These findings may open the door to new ways of managing surgical emergencies without engulfing the already busy hospitals.

Published
2022

41. Clinical risk scores for the early prediction of severe outocomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19: comment

Author

Rossio R., Tettamanti M., Nobili A., Harari S., Mannucci P. M., Bandera A., Peyvandi F., Bosari S., Scudeller L., Fusetti G., Rusconi L., Dell'Orto S., Prati D., Valenti L., Giovannelli S., Manunta M., Lamorte G., Ferrari F., Gori A., Muscatello A., Mangioni D., Alagna L., Bozzi G., Lombardi A., Ungaro R., Ancona G., Zuglian G., Bolis M., Iannotti N., Ludovisi S., Comelli A., Renisi G., Biscarini S., Castelli V., Palomba E., Fava M., Fortina V., Peri C. A., Saltini P., Viero G., Itri T., Ferroni V., Pastore V., Massafra R., Liparoti A., Muheberimana T., Giommi A., Bianco R., De Azevedo R. M., Chitani G. E., Gualtierotti R., Ferrari B., Boasi N., Pagliaro E., Massimo C., De Caro M., Giachi A., Montano N., Vigone B., Bellocchi C., Carandina A., Fiorelli E., Melli V., Tobaldini E., Blasi F., Aliberti S., Spotti M., Terranova L., Misuraca S., D'Adda A., Fiore S. D., Di Pasquale M., Mantero M., Contarini M., Ori M., Morlacchi L., Rossetti V., Gramegna A., Pappalettera M., Cavallini M., Buscemi A., Vicenzi M., Rota I., Costantino G., Solbiati M., Furlan L., Mancarella M., Colombo G., Fanin A., Passarella M., Monzani V., Canetta C., Rovellini A., Barbetta L., Billi F., Folli C., Accordino S., Maira D., Hu C. M., Motta I., Scaramellini N., Fracanzani A. L., Lombardi R., Cespiati A., Cesari M., Lucchi T., Proietti M., Calcaterra L., Mandelli C., Coppola C., Cerizza A., Pesenti A. M., Grasselli G., Galazzi A., Monti I., Galbussera A. A., Crisafulli E., Girelli D., Maroccia A., Gabbiani D., Busti F., Vianello A., Biondan M., Sartori F., Faverio P., Pesci A., Zucchetti S., Bonfanti P., Rossi M., Beretta I., Spolti A., Elia D., Cassandro R., Caminati A., Cipollone F., Guagnano M. T., D'Ardes D., Rossi I., Vezzani F., Spanevello A., Cherubino F., Visca D., Contoli M., Papi A., Morandi L., Battistini N., Moreo G. L., Iannuzzi P., Fumagalli D., Leone S., Rossio, R, Tettamanti, M, Nobili, A, Harari, S, Mannucci, P, Bandera, A, Peyvandi, F, Bosari, S, Scudeller, L, Fusetti, G, Rusconi, L, Dell'Orto, S, Prati, D, Valenti, L, Giovannelli, S, Manunta, M, Lamorte, G, Ferrari, F, Gori, A, Muscatello, A, Mangioni, D, Alagna, L, Bozzi, G, Lombardi, A, Ungaro, R, Ancona, G, Zuglian, G, Bolis, M, Iannotti, N, Ludovisi, S, Comelli, A, Renisi, G, Biscarini, S, Castelli, V, Palomba, E, Fava, M, Fortina, V, Peri, C, Saltini, P, Viero, G, Itri, T, Ferroni, V, Pastore, V, Massafra, R, Liparoti, A, Muheberimana, T, Giommi, A, Bianco, R, De Azevedo, R, Chitani, G, Gualtierotti, R, Ferrari, B, Boasi, N, Pagliaro, E, Massimo, C, De Caro, M, Giachi, A, Montano, N, Vigone, B, Bellocchi, C, Carandina, A, Fiorelli, E, Melli, V, Tobaldini, E, Blasi, F, Aliberti, S, Spotti, M, Terranova, L, Misuraca, S, D'Adda, A, Fiore, S, Di Pasquale, M, Mantero, M, Contarini, M, Ori, M, Morlacchi, L, Rossetti, V, Gramegna, A, Pappalettera, M, Cavallini, M, Buscemi, A, Vicenzi, M, Rota, I, Costantino, G, Solbiati, M, Furlan, L, Mancarella, M, Colombo, G, Fanin, A, Passarella, M, Monzani, V, Canetta, C, Rovellini, A, Barbetta, L, Billi, F, Folli, C, Accordino, S, Maira, D, Hu, C, Motta, I, Scaramellini, N, Fracanzani, A, Lombardi, R, Cespiati, A, Cesari, M, Lucchi, T, Proietti, M, Calcaterra, L, Mandelli, C, Coppola, C, Cerizza, A, Pesenti, A, Grasselli, G, Galazzi, A, Monti, I, Galbussera, A, Crisafulli, E, Girelli, D, Maroccia, A, Gabbiani, D, Busti, F, Vianello, A, Biondan, M, Sartori, F, Faverio, P, Pesci, A, Zucchetti, S, Bonfanti, P, Rossi, M, Beretta, I, Spolti, A, Elia, D, Cassandro, R, Caminati, A, Cipollone, F, Guagnano, M, D'Ardes, D, Rossi, I, Vezzani, F, Spanevello, A, Cherubino, F, Visca, D, Contoli, M, Papi, A, Morandi, L, Battistini, N, Moreo, G, Iannuzzi, P, Fumagalli, D, and Leone, S

Subjects
Male, Outcome Assessment, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Respiratory failure, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Epidemiology, Early prediction, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, 030212 general & internal medicine, Framingham Risk Score, Respiration, Area under the curve, Middle Aged, Hospitalization, Survival Rate, Italy, Artificial, Emergency Medicine, Female, Clinical risk factor, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Ce - Letter to the Editor, MEDLINE, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Intubation, Intratracheal, Humans, In patient, Derivation, COVID-19, Risk prediction model, SARS-CoV 2, Selection (genetic algorithm), Aged, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Respiration, Artificial, Im - Original, Health Care, Intratracheal, ROC Curve, Intubation, business
Abstract

Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with severe acute respiratory failure. Early identification of high-risk COVID-19 patients is crucial. We aimed to derive and validate a simple score for the prediction of severe outcomes. A retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 was carried out by the Italian Society of Internal Medicine. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and treatment variables were collected at hospital admission at five hospitals. Three algorithm selection models were used to construct a predictive risk score: backward Selection, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), and Random Forest. Severe outcome was defined as the composite of need for non-invasive ventilation, need for orotracheal intubation, or death. A total of 610 patients were included in the analysis, 313 had a severe outcome. The subset for the derivation analysis included 335 patients, the subset for the validation analysis 275 patients. The LASSO selection identified 6 variables (age, history of coronary heart disease, CRP, AST, D-dimer, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) and resulted in the best performing score with an area under the curve of 0.79 in the derivation cohort and 0.80 in the validation cohort. Using a cut-off of 7 out of 13 points, sensitivity was 0.93, specificity 0.34, positive predictive value 0.59, and negative predictive value 0.82. The proposed score can identify patients at low risk for severe outcome who can be safely managed in a low-intensity setting after hospital admission for COVID-19.

Published
2021

42. Telemedicine and Remote Screening for COVID-19 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: Results From the SoCOVID-19 Survey

Author

Stefano Festa, Flavio Caprioli, Cristina Bezzio, Alessandro Sartini, L. Biancone, Daniela Pugliese, Massimo C. Fantini, Maria Cappello, Marco Daperno, Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone, Francesco William Guglielmi, Fabrizio Bossa, Edoardo Savarino, Agnese Miranda, Antonino Carlo Privitera, Alessandro Armuzzi, A. Bertani, Flavia Baccini, Michele Comberlato, Patrizia Alvisi, Gabriele Dragoni, Giammarco Mocci, Simone Saibeni, Erica Loddo, Olga Maria Nardone, Viviana Gerardi, G. Vitale, Marta Ascolani, Lorenzo Bertani, Giorgia Bodini, Michele Campigotto, Davide Stradella, Giovanni Casella, Gionata Fiorino, Anna Viola, Mirko Di Ruscio, Angelo Viscido, V. Casini, Alessandra Soriano, Paola Balestrieri, Mariangela Allocca, Rossella Pumpo, Claudio Camillo Cortelezzi, Valeria Ciardo, Laurino Grossi, and Andrea Buda

Subjects
Telemedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, telemedicine, COVID-19, inflammatory bowel disease, Aftercare, Betacoronavirus, Hospitalization, Humans, Infection Control, Italy, Mass Screening, Organizational Innovation, Remote Consultation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Coronavirus Infections, Hospital Units, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral, Inflammatory bowel disease, law.invention, Settore MED/12, law, medicine, Infection control, Immunology and Allergy, Viral, Letters to the Editor, Mass screening, AcademicSubjects/MED00260, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Pneumonia, Biological product, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Diarrhea, Emergency medicine, medicine.symptom, business
Published
2020

44. Host preferences of coexisting Perkinsea parasitoids during coastal dinoflagellate blooms

Author

Eva Flo, Jordina Gordi, R. Gallisai, Albert Reñé, Nagore Sampedro, Elisabet Alacid, Massimo C. Pernice, Esther Garcés, Alan D. Fernández‐Valero, Nataàlia Timoneda, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), and Royal Society (UK)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Interactions, Parasitism, DNA, Ribosomal, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Host-Parasite Interactions, Parasitoid, 03 medical and health sciences, Mediterranean sea, Abundance (ecology), Mediterranean Sea, Genetics, Dominance (ecology), Perkinsea, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Diversity, biology, Host (biology), Ecology, Blooms, Aquatic ecosystem, fungi, Dinoflagellate, Protists, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Alveolata, Dinoflagellida, Metabarcoding
Abstract

17 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, supporting information https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15895.-- Data availability statement. DNA sequences from cultures are available in GenBank, accessions MT606011–MT606017, MN721815; metabarcoding raw sequences and all samples metadata are available in NCBI SRA PRJNA630546.-- "This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Albert Reñé, Natàlia Timoneda, Nagore Sampedro, Elisabet Alacid, Rachele Gallisai, Jordina Gordi, Alan D. Fernández-Valero, Massimo C. Pernice, Eva Flo, Esther Garcés; Host preferences of coexisting Perkinsea parasitoids during coastal dinoflagellate bloom; Molecular Ecology 30(10) 2417-2433 (2021), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15895. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions, Parasites in aquatic systems are highly diverse and ubiquitous. In marine environments, parasite-host interactions contribute substantially to shaping microbial communities, but their nature and complexity remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the relationship between Perkinsea parasitoids and bloom-forming dinoflagellate species. Our aim was to determine whether parasite-host species interactions are specific and whether the diversity and distribution of parasitoids are shaped by their dinoflagellate hosts. Several locations along the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean Sea) were sampled during the blooms of five dinoflagellate species and the diversity of Perkinsea was determined by combining cultivation-based methods with metabarcoding of the V4 region of 18S rDNA. Most known species of Parviluciferaceae, and others not yet described, were detected, some of them coexisting in the same coastal location, and with a wide distribution. The specific parasite-host interactions determined for each of the studied blooms demonstrated the host preferences exhibited by parasitoids in nature. The dominance of a species within the parasitoid community is driven by the presence and abundances of its preferred host(s). The absence of parasitoid species, often associated with a low abundance of their preferred hosts, suggested that high infection rates are reached only under conditions that favour parasitoid propagation, especially dinoflagellate blooms, This study was funded by the MINECO Project COPAS “Understanding top-down control in coastal bloom-forming protists” (CTM2017-86121-R) and the institutional support of the “Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence” accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). [...]. E. Alacid is funded by the Royal Society through a Newton International Fellowship. A. D. Fernández-Valero is funded by the MICIU grant “Ayudas para contratos predoctorales para la formación de doctores 2018 (PRE2018-084893)”

Published
2021

45. A pharmacological batch of Mongersen that downregulates Smad7 is effective as induction therapy in active Crohn's disease: a phase II, open-label study

Author

Ivan Monteleone, Livia Biancone, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Massimo C. Fantini, Irene Marafini, Antonio Di Sabatino, Giovanni Monteleone, Elisabetta Lolli, Omero Alessandro Paoluzi, Edoardo Troncone, Antonio Di Grazia, Emma Calabrese, Carmine Stolfi, and Sara Onali

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Oligonucleotides, Gastroenterology, Smad7 Protein, Flow cytometry, 03 medical and health sciences, Settore MED/12, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacotherapy, Crohn Disease, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Original Research Article, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Pharmacology, Crohn's disease, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, Induction chemotherapy, Induction Chemotherapy, General Medicine, Oligonucleotides, Antisense, medicine.disease, Molecular medicine, In vitro, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Antibody, business, Biotechnology
Abstract

Background A recent phase III trial did not confirm the previous clinical and endoscopic improvements seen in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) receiving Mongersen, an oral Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide. Factors accounting for such a discrepancy are unknown. Objective Our objective was to further assess whether Mongersen was effective as induction therapy in active CD and evaluate the in vitro inhibitory effect of various batches of Mongersen used in the previous and present trials on Smad7 expression. Methods In a phase II, open-label study, 18 patients with active CD (Crohn’s Disease Activity Index [CDAI] score > 220 and evidence of endoscopic lesions) received Mongersen 160 mg/day for 12 weeks. The rates of clinical remission, defined as CDAI < 150, and clinical response, defined as a CDAI score decrease ≥ 100, were evaluated at week 4, 8, and 12. The fraction of circulating CCR9-expressing leukocytes was assessed by flow cytometry. Smad7 expression was evaluated in the human colorectal cancer cell line HCT-116 transfected with different batches of Mongersen using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting, Results The proportions of patients experiencing clinical remission were 38.9%, 55.6%, and 50.0% at week 4, 8, and 12, respectively. At the same time points, the rates of clinical response were 72.2%, 77.8%, and 77.8%, respectively. Mongersen reduced the percentages of CCR9-expressing CD45+ cells. The batch of Mongersen used in this study, but not two batches used in the phase III study, inhibited Smad7 expression in HCT-116 cells. Conclusions The present findings support the clinical benefit of Mongersen in active CD and show that various batches manufactured during the GED0301 program differ in their ability to inhibit in vitro Smad7. Trial Registration Number NCT02685683; EudraCT 2015-001693-18

Published
2021

46. Survival and complication rates of tooth-implant versus freestanding implant supporting fixed partial prosthesis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

La Monaca, G., Pranno, N., Annibali, S., Massimo, C., Polimeni, A., Patini, Romeo, Cristalli, M. P., Patini R. (ORCID:0000-0001-7358-8763), La Monaca, G., Pranno, N., Annibali, S., Massimo, C., Polimeni, A., Patini, Romeo, Cristalli, M. P., and Patini R. (ORCID:0000-0001-7358-8763)

Abstract

Purpose: This systematic review was performed to compare tooth, implant and prosthesis failures and biological and technical complications in tooth-implant vs freestanding implant supported fixed partial prostheses, in order to evaluate the effectiveness and predictability in combining teeth and implants in the same fixed partial prosthesis. Study selection: A comprehensive and systematic literature research was conducted, according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement, to identify human trials, with a minimum sample size of 10 patients, comparing tooth-implant to freestanding implant supported fixed partial prostheses. Four groups of meta-analyses were performed based on the patients treated with tooth-implant vs freestanding implantsupported fixed partial prostheses: abutment failures, biological and mechanical complications, prosthesis failures, and prosthetic (technical) complications. Results: The search yielded 749 records, after removal of duplicates. Based on the title assessment, the abstracts reading and the full-texts evaluation, 8 articles, published between 1999 and 2013, fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The studies included were: 4 controlled clinical trials, 2 prospective and 2 retrospective cohort studies. The meta-analysis revealed no significant difference between tooth-implant and implant-implant supported fixed in the number of abutment (implant or tooth) failures, biological complications, prosthesis lost, and prosthetic complications. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present systematic review, although the freestanding implant supported fixed partial prosthesis remains the first choice, joining teeth and implants to support fixed prosthesis in partially edentulous patients becomes a valid alternative with an acceptable success rate.

Published
2021

47. Combining Both Acceptorless Dehydrogenation and Borrowing Hydrogen Mechanisms in One System as Described by DFT Calculations

Author

Alessandra Cicolella, Massimo C. D'Alterio, Josep Duran, Sílvia Simon, Giovanni Talarico, Albert Poater, Cicolella, A., D'Alterio, M. C., Duran, J., Simon, S., Talarico, G., Poater, A., and Agencia Estatal de Investigación

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Numerical Analysis, Funcional de densitat, Teoria del, borrowing hydrogen, Multidisciplinary, acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling, Green chemistry, Química verda, Deshidrogenació, Modeling and Simulation, manganese, pincer ligands, Dehydrogenation, Density functionals
Abstract

The mechanisms for the formation of N-substituted hydrazones by coupling of alcohols and hydrazine, achieved by the sequential processes of acceptorless dehydrogenation and borrowing hydrogen, has been unveiled by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The release of water and molecular hydrogen as subproducts, combined with the Mn-PNN pincer based catalyst describe a green environment. Mechanistically, apart from describing a complex system of three coupled catalytic pathways, calculations describe the pivotal role of two intermediates, which participate in two catalytic pathways each one. Finally, predictive catalysis plays the role to push forward this reaction toward milder conditions, and thus in line with green chemistry standards A.P. is a Serra Húnter Fellow and ICREA Academia Prize 2019. S.S. and A.P. thank the Spanish MINECO for projects and PID2020-113711GB-I00 and PGC2018-097722-B-I0 Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Wiley

Published
2022
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48. COVID-19 Network: the response of an Italian Reference Institute to research challenges about a new pandemia

Author

Bosari, S., Scudeller, L., Fusetti, G., Rusconi, L., Dell Orto, S., Prati, D., Valenti, L., Lamorte, G., Manunta, M., Baselli, G., Santoro, L., Gori, A., Bandera, A., Muscatello, A., Mangioni, D., Alagna, L., Bozzi, G., Lombardi, A., Ungaro, R., Itri, T., Ferroni, V., Pastore, V., Massafra, R., Rondolini, I., Peyvandi, F., Gualtierotti, R., Ferrari, B., Rossio, R., Corona, E., Rampi, N., Massimo, C., Montano, N., Vigone, B., Bellocchi, C., Fiorelli, E., Melli, V., Tobaldini, E., Blasi, F., Aliberti, S., Spotti, M., Simonetta, E., Terranova, L., Amati, F., Miele, C., Misuraca, S., D'Adda, A., Della Fiore, S., Di Pasquale, M., Contarini, M.M.M., Ori, M., Morlacchi, L., Rossetti, V., Gramegna, A., Pappalettera, M., Cavallini, M., Vigni, A., Vicenzi, M., Rota, I., Costantino, G., Solbiati, M., Furlan, L., Mancarella, M., Colombo, G., Fanin, A., Monzani, V., Rovellini, A., Barbetta, L., Billi, F., Folli, C., Baldini, M., Motta, I., Scaramellini, N., Fracanzani, A.L., Lombardi, R., Iuculano, F., Cesari, M., Proietti, M., Calcaterra, L., Nobili, A., Tettamanti, M., Monti, I., and Pesenti, A.

Published
2020
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50. General patterns of diversity in major marine microeukaryote lineages.

Author

Massimo C Pernice, Ramiro Logares, Laure Guillou, and Ramon Massana

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Microeukaryotes have vital roles for the functioning of marine ecosystems, but still some general characteristics of their current diversity and phylogeny remain unclear. Here we investigated both aspects in major oceanic microeukaryote lineages using 18S rDNA (V4-V5 hypervariable regions) sequences from public databases that derive from various marine environmental surveys. A very carefully and manually curated dataset of 8291 Sanger sequences was generated and subsequently split into 65 taxonomic groups (roughly to Class level based on KeyDNATools) prior to downstream analyses. First, we calculated genetic distances and clustered sequences into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) using different distance cut-off levels. We found that most taxonomic groups had a maximum pairwise genetic distance of 0.25. Second, we used phylogenetic trees to study general evolutionary patterns. These trees confirmed our taxonomic classification and served to run Lineage Through Time (LTT) plots. LTT results indicated different cladogenesis dynamics across groups, with some displaying an early diversification and others a more recent one. Overall, our study provides an improved description of the microeukaryote diversity in the oceans in terms of genetic differentiation within groups as well as in the general phylogenetic structure. These results will be important to interpret the large amount of sequence data that is currently generated by High Throughput Sequencing technologies.

Published
2013
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