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3. Listeriosis Associated with Stone Fruit — United States, 2014

Author

Jackson, Brendan R., Salter, Monique, Tarr, Cheryl, Conrad, Amanda, Harvey, Emily, Steinbock, Lisa, Saupe, Amy, Sorenson, Alida, Katz, Lee, Stroika, Steven, Jackson, Kelly A., Carleton, Heather, Kucerova, Zuzana, Melka, David, Strain, Errol, Parish, Mickey, and Mody, Rajal K.

Published
2015

6. Sporotrichosis-associated hospitalizations, United States, 2000-2013

Author

Gold, Jeremy A.W., Derado, Gordana, Mody, Rajal K., and Benedict, Kaitlin

Subjects
Alcoholism -- Health aspects, Lung diseases -- Health aspects, Diabetes -- Health aspects, Diseases -- Health aspects, Sporotrichosis -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Sporotrichosis is a fungal disease caused by the Sporothrix schenckii species complex (1). In the environment S. schenckii is commonly associated with decaying plant matter, soil, and sphagnum moss (2). [...]

Published
2016
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7. Epidemiology of histoplasmosis outbreaks, United States, 1938-2013

Author

Benedict, Kaitlin and Mody, Rajal K.

Subjects
Histoplasmosis -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Research, Epidemiology -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Histoplasmosis is caused by inhalation of the microconidia of Histoplasma spp. fungi, which are thermally dimorphic (i.e., environmental mold which converts to a yeast at 37[degrees]C). Infection can range from [...]

Published
2016
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9. Escherichia coli O157 outbreaks in the United States, 2003-2012

Author

Heiman, Katherine E., Mody, Rajal K., Johnson, Shacara D., Griffin, Patricia M., and Gould, L. Hannah

Subjects
Beef, Infection, Vegetables, Escherichia coli, Health
Abstract

Signs and symptoms of infection with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 can include diarrhea that is often bloody, severe stomach cramps, and vomiting; infection can progress to hemolytic uremic syndrome [...]

Published
2015
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10. Recognition of Azole-Resistant Aspergillosis by Physicians Specializing in Infectious Diseases, United States

Author

Walker, Tiffany A., Lockhart, Shawn R., Beekmann, Susan E., Polgreen, Philip M., Santibanez, Scott, Mody, Rajal K., Beer, Karlyn D., Chiller, Tom M., and Jackson, Brendan R.

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physicians -- Health aspects, Diseases -- Genetic aspects -- Care and treatment -- Health aspects, Antifungal agents -- Health aspects, Medical schools -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Infections with strains of Aspergillus fumigatus that are resistant to all azole antifungal medications have become common in western Europe and have been documented in other regions since 1998 (1,2), [...]

Published
2018
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11. Risk of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Related to Treatment of Escherichia coli O157 Infection with Different Antimicrobial Classes

Author

Mody, Rajal K., primary, Hoekstra, Robert M., additional, Scott, Magdalena Kendall, additional, Dunn, John, additional, Smith, Kirk, additional, Tobin-D’Angelo, Melissa, additional, Shiferaw, Beletshachew, additional, Wymore, Katie, additional, Clogher, Paula, additional, Palmer, Amanda, additional, Comstock, Nicole, additional, Burzlaff, Kari, additional, Lathrop, Sarah, additional, Hurd, Sharon, additional, and Griffin, Patricia M., additional

Published
2021
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12. 769. An Outbreak of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Minnesota 2016–2017

Author

Desilva, Malini, primary, Moore, Nora, additional, Thai, Dzung, additional, Grimm, Mary Beth, additional, Sabuwala, Nadya, additional, Brueshaber, Milayna, additional, Gordon, Sarah, additional, Andersen, Laura, additional, Hall, Victoria, additional, Buuck, Sean, additional, Hickman, Cynthia, additional, Stinebaugh, Katie, additional, Silk, Benjamin, additional, Raz, Kayla, additional, Talarico, Sarah, additional, Wortham, Jonathan, additional, Kingdon, Elisabeth, additional, Pistulka, Gina, additional, Guerard, Krissie, additional, Cowan, Lauren, additional, Posey, James E, additional, Snippes Vagnone, Paula M, additional, McCullough, Joel, additional, Tsukayama, Dean, additional, Mody, Rajal K, additional, and Ehresmann, Kristen, additional

Published
2018
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13. 1722. The Changing Epidemiology of Candidemia in the United States: Injection Drug Use as an Emerging Risk Factor for Candidemia

Author

Zhang, Alexia Y, primary, Shrum, Sarah, additional, Williams, Sabrina, additional, Vonbank, Brittany, additional, Hillis, Sherry, additional, Barter, Devra, additional, Petnic, Sarah, additional, Harrison, Lee H, additional, Dumyati, Ghinwa, additional, Phipps, Erin C, additional, Pierce, Rebecca, additional, Schaffner, William, additional, Farley, Monica M, additional, Mody, Rajal K, additional, Chiller, Tom, additional, Jackson, Brendan R, additional, and Vallabhaneni, Snigdha, additional

Published
2018
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15. Notes from the Field: Probable Mucormycosis Among Adult Solid Organ Transplant Recipients at an Acute Care Hospital — Pennsylvania, 2014–2015

Author

Novosad, Shannon A., primary, Vasquez, Amber M., additional, Nambiar, Atmaram, additional, Arduino, Matthew J., additional, Christensen, Erick, additional, Moulton-Meissner, Heather, additional, Keckler, M. Shannon, additional, Miller, Jeffrey, additional, Perz, Joseph F., additional, Lockhart, Shawn R., additional, Chiller, Tom, additional, Gould, Carolyn, additional, Sehulster, Lynne, additional, Brandt, Mary E., additional, Weber, J. Todd, additional, Halpin, Alison Laufer, additional, and Mody, Rajal K., additional

Published
2016
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17. Mucormycosis Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients at an Acute Care Hospital—Pennsylvania, 2014–2015

Author

Vasquez, Amber, primary, Novosad, Shannon, additional, Christensen, Erick, additional, Moulton-Meissner, Heather, additional, Keckler, M. Shannon, additional, Arduino, Matthew, additional, Gould, Carolyn, additional, Chiller, Tom, additional, Perz, Joseph, additional, Nambiar, Atmaram, additional, Weber, J. Todd, additional, Brandt, Mary, additional, Laufer-Halpin, Alison S., additional, and Mody, Rajal K., additional

Published
2016
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24. Outbreak of Escherichia coli O104:H4 Infections Associated with Sprout Consumption--Europe and North America, May-July 2011

Author

Foley, Catherine, Harvey, Emily, Bidol, Sally A., Henderson, Tiffany, Njord, Rebecca, DeSalvo, Traci, Haupt, Thomas, Mba-Jonas, Adamma, Bailey, Chris, Bopp, Cheryl, Bosch, Stacey A., Gerner-Smidt, Peter, Mody, Rajal K., Nguyen, Thai-An, Strockbine, Nancy, and Tauxe, Robert V.

Subjects
Infection -- Health aspects, Public health -- Health aspects, Escherichia coli -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

In May 2011, public health authorities in Europe began investigating an outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104:H4 infections that ultimately involved more than 4,000 persons in 16 countries. [...]

Published
2013

25. Testing for Coccidioidomycosis among Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients, Southern California, USA1.

Author

Tartof, Sara Y., Benedict, Kaitlin, Xie, Fagen, Rieg, Gunter K., Yu, Kalvin C., Contreras, Richard, Truong, Jonathan, Fong, Kimberlee, Hung Fu Tseng, Jacobsen, Steven J., Mody, Rajal K., and Tseng, Hung Fu

Subjects
COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS, PNEUMONIA, COHORT analysis, ANTI-infective agents, PATIENTS, FUNGI, IMMUNOASSAY, LONGITUDINAL method, COMMUNITY-acquired infections, ODDS ratio, DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

We conducted a cohort study to identify characteristics associated with testing for, and testing positive for, coccidioidomycosis among patients with community-acquired pneumonia in southern California, USA. Limited and delayed testing probably leads to underdiagnosis among non-Hispanic black, Filipino, or Hispanic patients and among high-risk groups, including persons in whom antimicrobial drug therapy has failed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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26. National Outbreak of Salmonella Serotype Saintpaul Infections: Importance of Texas Restaurant Investigations in Implicating Jalapeño Peppers

Author

Mody, Rajal K., primary, Greene, Sharon A., additional, Gaul, Linda, additional, Sever, Adrianne, additional, Pichette, Sarah, additional, Zambrana, Ingrid, additional, Dang, Thi, additional, Gass, Angie, additional, Wood, René, additional, Herman, Karen, additional, Cantwell, Laura B., additional, Falkenhorst, Gerhard, additional, Wannemuehler, Kathleen, additional, Hoekstra, Robert M., additional, McCullum, Isaac, additional, Cone, Amy, additional, Franklin, Lou, additional, Austin, Jana, additional, Delea, Kristin, additional, Behravesh, Casey Barton, additional, Sodha, Samir V., additional, Yee, J. Christopher, additional, Emanuel, Brian, additional, Al-Khaldi, Sufian F., additional, Jefferson, Val, additional, Williams, Ian T., additional, Griffin, Patricia M., additional, and Swerdlow, David L., additional

Published
2011
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28. Analysis of Tomato and Jalapeño and Serrano Pepper Imports into the United States from Mexico before and during a National Outbreak of SalmonellaSerotype Saintpaul Infections in 2008

Author

Klontz, Karl C., Klontz, Joshua C., Mody, Rajal K., and Hoekstra, Robert M.

Abstract

Case-control studies conducted during a multistate outbreak of Salmonella entericaserotype Saintpaul infections in 2008 revealed associations between illness and the consumption of jalapeño peppers, Serrano peppers, and tomatoes. Traceback investigations of implicated jalapeño and Serrano peppers led to farms in Tamaulipas and Nuevo León, Mexico. We conducted a novel analysis of a U.S. Food and Drug Administration database of tomatoes and jalapeno and Serrano peppers imported from Mexico during the first half of 2008 to describe the temporal and spatial flow of these items into the United States. Shipments of all three produce items followed a south-to-northwest corridor; 87% of peppers and 97% of tomatoes produced in Mexican states located west of the Sierra Madre Occidental were transported to ports in California and Arizona, and 90% of peppers and 100% of tomatoes produced in states east of the Sierra Madre Occidental were transported to ports east of Arizona. We found a significant correlation between state-specific infection rates and quantity of imported Mexican jalapeño and Serrano peppers to U.S. states by the first-level consignee but not for imported Mexican tomatoes. We localized production regions of interest by finding that quantities of both peppers and tomatoes imported from the states of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas were correlated with infection rates. In outbreaks possibly caused by agricultural commodities, analysis of import databases may foster a better understanding of growing seasons, harvest sites, shipment itineraries, and consignee destinations, thereby adding valuable insight into findings derived from epidemiologic studies.

Published
2010
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29. Outbreak of Escherichia coli O104:H4 Infections Associated with Sprout Consumption - Europe and North America, May-July 2011

Author

Foley, Catherine, Harvey, Emily, Bidol, Sally A., Henderson, Tiffany, Njord, Rebecca, Desalvo, Traci, Haupt, Thomas, Mba-Jonas, Adamma, Bailey, Chris, Bopp, Cheryl, Stacey Bosch, Gerner-Smidt, Peter, Mody, Rajal K., Thai-An Nguyen, Strockbine, Nancy, and Tauxe, Robert V.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli, Articles, Middle Aged, Disease Outbreaks, Europe, Trigonella, North America, Food Microbiology, Humans, Female, Escherichia coli Infections, Aged
Abstract

In May 2011, public health authorities in Europe began investigating an outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104:H4 infections that ultimately involved more than 4,000 persons in 16 countries. Early in the outbreak, it became evident that international surveillance would be necessary to determine the scope of the outbreak, characterize the disease, and identify the source. This report describes surveillance conducted in the United States, which involved active case-finding, use of laboratory testing protocols specific to non-O157 STEC, interviews to identify potential exposures of interest, and documentation of clinical courses. Six cases in the United States were associated with the outbreak. Although European epidemiologic studies, including analyses of restaurant cohorts and traceback investigations, ultimately implicated raw fenugreek sprouts as the food vehicle, none of the patients in the United States definitively recalled sprout consumption. These events highlight challenges in investigating outbreaks, particularly those caused by rare pathogens or associated with food vehicles that are consumed in small quantities as part of other dishes. Clinical laboratories should adhere to STEC testing recommendations because they are critical for identification of rare or novel STEC pathogens. Robust public health infrastructure is necessary to effectively manage and resolve foodborne outbreaks.

30. Botulism from drinking prison-made illicit alcohol--Arizona, 2012

Author

Briggs, Graham, Anderson, Shoana, Komatsu, Kenneth, Weiss, Joli, Henke, Evan, Tsang, Clarisse A., Vasiq, Muhammad, Rao, Agam K., Mody, Rajal K., Luquez, Carolina, Dykes, Janet K., Morris, Jamae F., Anderson, Tara C., Adams, Laura E., and Yasmin, Seema

Subjects
Prisons, Alcoholic beverages, Botulism, Health
Abstract

During November 24-27, 2012, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) was notified that eight male inmates of prison A, a maximum security prison, had been hospitalized for treatment of [...]

Published
2013

31. Testing for Coccidioidomycosis among Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients, Southern California, USA1.

Author

Tartof, Sara Y., Benedict, Kaitlin, Xie, Fagen, Rieg, Gunter K., Yu, Kalvin C., Contreras, Richard, Truong, Jonathan, Fong, Kimberlee, Hung Fu Tseng, Jacobsen, Steven J., Mody, Rajal K., and Tseng, Hung Fu

Subjects
*COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS, *PNEUMONIA, *COHORT analysis, *ANTI-infective agents, *PATIENTS, *FUNGI, *IMMUNOASSAY, *LONGITUDINAL method, *COMMUNITY-acquired infections, *ODDS ratio, *DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

We conducted a cohort study to identify characteristics associated with testing for, and testing positive for, coccidioidomycosis among patients with community-acquired pneumonia in southern California, USA. Limited and delayed testing probably leads to underdiagnosis among non-Hispanic black, Filipino, or Hispanic patients and among high-risk groups, including persons in whom antimicrobial drug therapy has failed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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32. Update on Multistate Outbreak of Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone Injections, 2012-2014.

Author

McCotter OZ, Smith RM, Westercamp M, Kerkering TM, Malani AN, Latham R, Peglow SL, Mody RK, Pappas PG, and Chiller TM

Subjects
Humans, Injections, Spinal, Methylprednisolone administration & dosage, United States epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks, Drug Contamination, Meningitis, Fungal epidemiology, Methylprednisolone adverse effects
Abstract

During September 2012, CDC, in collaboration with state and local health departments and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), investigated a multistate outbreak of fungal meningitis and other infections caused by injections of contaminated methylprednisolone acetate solution (MPA). After this unprecedented outbreak, scientists in the CDC Mycotic Diseases Branch, along with infectious diseases specialists who cared for patients from the outbreak, clinical experts, and public health officials from affected states, have continued to monitor the recovery of affected patients. A long-term follow-up study involving these patients was initiated and is being conducted by the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium (MSGERC). This update summarizes subsequent information about the current state of the outbreak.

Published
2015
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33. Notes from the field: listeriosis associated with stone fruit--United States, 2014.

Author

Jackson BR, Salter M, Tarr C, Conrad A, Harvey E, Steinbock L, Saupe A, Sorenson A, Katz L, Stroika S, Jackson KA, Carleton H, Kucerova Z, Melka D, Strain E, Parish M, and Mody RK

Subjects
Humans, Listeria monocytogenes genetics, United States epidemiology, Food Microbiology, Fruit microbiology, Listeria monocytogenes isolation & purification, Listeriosis epidemiology
Abstract

On July 19, 2014, a packing company in California (company A) voluntarily recalled certain lots of stone fruits, including whole peaches, nectarines, plums, and pluots, because of concern about contamination with Listeria monocytogenes based on internal company testing. On July 31, the recall was expanded to cover all fruit packed at their facility during June 1-July 17. After the initial recall, clinicians, state and local health departments, CDC, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) received many inquiries about listeriosis from concerned consumers, many of whom had received automated telephone calls informing them that they had purchased recalled fruit. During July 19-31, the CDC Listeria website received >500,000 page views, more than seven times the views received during the previous 52 weeks. However, no molecular information from L. monocytogenes isolates was available to assess whether human illnesses might be linked to these products.

Published
2015

34. Increase in Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections associated with consumption of Atlantic Coast shellfish--2013.

Author

Newton AE, Garrett N, Stroika SG, Halpin JL, Turnsek M, and Mody RK

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Foodborne Diseases microbiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Seasons, Serotyping, United States epidemiology, Vibrio Infections microbiology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus classification, Young Adult, Disease Outbreaks, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology, Shellfish Poisoning, Vibrio Infections epidemiology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolation & purification
Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) is found naturally in coastal saltwater. In the United States, Vp causes an estimated 35,000 domestically acquired foodborne infections annually, of which most are attributable to consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish. Illness typically consists of mild to moderate gastroenteritis, although severe infection can occur. Demographic, clinical, and exposure information (including traceback information on implicated seafood) for all laboratory-confirmed illnesses are reported by state health departments to CDC through the Cholera and Other Vibrio Surveillance system. Vp isolates are distinguished by serotyping (>90 serotypes have been described) and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Published
2014

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