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1. Preclinical characterization of the Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine

Author: Kayvon Modjarrad, Ye Che, Wei Chen, Huixian Wu, Carla I. Cadima, Alexander Muik, Mohan S. Maddur, Kristin R. Tompkins, Lyndsey T. Martinez, Hui Cai, Minah Ramos, Sonia Mensah, Brittney Cumbia, Larissa Falcao, Andrew P. McKeen, Jeanne S. Chang, Kimberly F. Fennell, Kevin W. Huynh, Thomas J. McLellan, Parag V. Sahasrabudhe, Michael Cerswell, Miguel A. Garcia, Shilong Li, Rahul Sharma, Weiqiang Li, Kristianne P. Dizon, Stacy Duarte, Frank Gillett, Rachel Smith, Deanne M. Illenberger, Kari Sweeney Efferen, Annette B. Vogel, Annaliesa S. Anderson, Uğur Şahin, and Kena A. Swanson
Subjects: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Abstract As SARS-CoV-2 evolves, increasing in potential for greater transmissibility and immune escape, updated vaccines are needed to boost adaptive immunity to protect against COVID-19 caused by circulating strains. Here, we report features of the monovalent Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted BNT162b2 vaccine, which contains XBB.1.5-specific sequence changes, relative to the original BNT162b2 backbone, in the encoded prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S(P2)). Biophysical characterization of Omicron XBB.1.5 S(P2) demonstrated that it maintains a prefusion conformation and adopts a flexible, predominantly open, state, with high affinity for the human ACE-2 receptor. When administered as a 4th dose in BNT162b2-experienced mice, the monovalent Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine elicited substantially higher serum neutralizing titers against pseudotyped viruses of Omicron XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, XBB.1.16.1, XBB.2.3, EG.5.1 and HV.1 sublineages and phylogenetically distant BA.2.86 lineage than the bivalent Wild Type + Omicron BA.4/5 vaccine. Similar trends were observed against Omicron XBB sublineage pseudoviruses when the vaccine was administered as a 2-dose series in naive mice. Strong S-specific Th1 CD4+ and IFNγ+ CD8+ T cell responses were also observed. These findings, together with real world performance of the XBB.1.5-adapted vaccine, suggest that preclinical data for the monovalent Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted BNT162b2 was predictive of protective immunity against dominant SARS-CoV-2 strains.
Published: 2024
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2. Preclinical immunogenicity and safety of hemagglutinin-encoding modRNA influenza vaccines

Author: Teresa Hauguel, Amy Sharma, Emily Mastrocola, Susan Lowry, Mohan S. Maddur, Cheng Hui Hu, Swati Rajput, Allison Vitsky, Shambhunath Choudhary, Balasubramanian Manickam, Ivna De Souza, Yana Chervona, Raquel Munoz Moreno, Charisse Abdon, Larissa Falcao, Kristin Tompkins, Deanne Illenberger, Rachel Smith, Fanyu Meng, Shuai Shi, Kari Sweeney Efferen, Victoria Markiewicz, Cinthia Umemoto, Jianfang Hu, Wei Chen, Ingrid Scully, Cynthia M. Rohde, Annaliesa S. Anderson, and Pirada Suphaphiphat Allen
Subjects: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Abstract Seasonal epidemics of influenza viruses are responsible for a significant global public health burden. Vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent infection; however, due to the persistence of antigenic drift, vaccines must be updated annually. The selection of vaccine strains occurs months in advance of the influenza season to allow adequate time for production in eggs. RNA vaccines offer the potential to accelerate production and improve efficacy of influenza vaccines. We leveraged the nucleoside-modified RNA (modRNA) platform technology and lipid nanoparticle formulation process of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2; Comirnaty®) to create modRNA vaccines encoding hemagglutinin (HA) (modRNA-HA) for seasonal human influenza strains and evaluated their preclinical immunogenicity and toxicity. In mice, a monovalent modRNA vaccine encoding an H1 HA demonstrated robust antibody responses, HA-specific Th1-type CD4+ T cell responses, and HA-specific CD8+ T cell responses. In rhesus and cynomolgus macaques, the vaccine exhibited durable functional antibody responses and HA-specific IFN-γ+ CD4+ T cell responses. Immunization of mice with monovalent, trivalent, and quadrivalent modRNA-HA vaccines generated functional antibody responses targeting the seasonal influenza virus(es) encoded in the vaccines that were greater than, or similar to, those of a licensed quadrivalent influenza vaccine. Monovalent and quadrivalent modRNA-HA vaccines were well-tolerated by Wistar Han rats, with no evidence of systemic toxicity. These nonclinical immunogenicity and safety data support further evaluation of the modRNA-HA vaccines in clinical studies.
Published: 2024
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3. A Phase 1/2 Study of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Vaccine With and Without Adjuvant in Healthy Older Adults

Author: James, Baber, Mark, Arya, Yuben, Moodley, Anna, Jaques, Qin, Jiang, Kena A, Swanson, David, Cooper, Mohan S, Maddur, Jakob, Loschko, Alejandra, Gurtman, Kathrin U, Jansen, William C, Gruber, Philip R, Dormitzer, and Beate, Schmoele-Thoma
Subjects: Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Allergy
Abstract: Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of disease in older adults. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a stabilized RSV prefusion F subunit (RSVpreF) vaccine candidate with/without adjuvant in adults aged 65–85 years. Methods Primary cohort participants were equally randomized to 1 of 7 RSVpreF formulations: 60 µg with either Al(OH)3 or CpG/Al(OH)3, 120 µg with either Al(OH)3 or CpG/Al(OH)3, 240 µg with either Al(OH)3 or CpG/Al(OH)3, 240 µg unadjuvanted, or placebo, administered concomitantly with high-dose seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine (SIIV). Participants in the month 0,2 cohort were randomized to RSVpreF 240 µg with CpG/Al(OH)3 or placebo, administered at months 0 and 2. Results All RSVpreF vaccine candidates elicited robust and persistent serum neutralizing responses when administered alone or with SIIV. There was no notable difference in neutralizing response between the formulations, including those containing CpG. In the month 0,2 cohort, there was no booster effect of dose 2. SIIV responses were similar or slightly lower with concomitant administration of RSVpreF. Most systemic and local reactions were mild and more frequent after RSVpreF than placebo. Conclusions RSVpreF formulations were well tolerated and elicited robust neutralizing responses in older adults; however, CpG/Al(OH)3 did not further enhance responses. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT03572062.
Published: 2022
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4. Zika Virus Antagonizes Type I Interferon Responses during Infection of Human Dendritic Cells.

Author: James R Bowen, Kendra M Quicke, Mohan S Maddur, Justin T O'Neal, Circe E McDonald, Nadia B Fedorova, Vinita Puri, Reed S Shabman, Bali Pulendran, and Mehul S Suthar
Subjects: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that is causally linked to severe neonatal birth defects, including microcephaly, and is associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. Dendritic cells (DCs) are an important cell type during infection by multiple mosquito-borne flaviviruses, including dengue virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and yellow fever virus. Despite this, the interplay between ZIKV and DCs remains poorly defined. Here, we found human DCs supported productive infection by a contemporary Puerto Rican isolate with considerable variability in viral replication, but not viral binding, between DCs from different donors. Historic isolates from Africa and Asia also infected DCs with distinct viral replication kinetics between strains. African lineage viruses displayed more rapid replication kinetics and infection magnitude as compared to Asian lineage viruses, and uniquely induced cell death. Infection of DCs with both contemporary and historic ZIKV isolates led to minimal up-regulation of T cell co-stimulatory and MHC molecules, along with limited secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of type I interferon (IFN) protein translation was observed during ZIKV infection, despite strong induction at the RNA transcript level and up-regulation of other host antiviral proteins. Treatment of human DCs with RIG-I agonist potently restricted ZIKV replication, while type I IFN had only modest effects. Mechanistically, we found all strains of ZIKV antagonized type I IFN-mediated phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. Combined, our findings show that ZIKV subverts DC immunogenicity during infection, in part through evasion of type I IFN responses, but that the RLR signaling pathway is still capable of inducing an antiviral state, and therefore may serve as an antiviral therapeutic target.
Published: 2017
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5. BNT162b vaccines protect rhesus macaques from SARS-CoV-2

Author: Bernadette Jesionek, Charles Tan, Christoph Kröner, Jennifer Obregon, Stephanie Hein, Kathleen M. Brasky, Andreas Kuhn, Leyla Fischer, Guy Singh, Diana Schneider, Kathrin U. Jansen, Jane Fontenot, Seungil Han, Michal Gazi, Corinna Rosenbaum, Ingrid L. Scully, Pei Yong Shi, Parag Sahasrabudhe, Stefanie A. Krumm, Hanna Junginger, Camila R. Fontes-Garfias, Julia Schlereth, Bonny Gaby Lui, Mathias Vormehr, Andre P. Heinen, Alptekin Güler, Stephanie Fesser, Sarah C. Dany, Ellene H. Mashalidis, Danka Pavliakova, Shambhunath Choudhary, Mohan S. Maddur, Petra Adams-Quack, Yvonne Feuchter, Matthew C. Griffor, Ferdia Bates, Ramón de la Caridad Güimil Garcia, Tara Ciolino, Özlem Türeci, Stefan Schille, Kena A. Swanson, Kerstin C. Walzer, Alexander Muik, Jakob Loschko, Ayuko Ota-Setlik, Nicole L. Nedoma, Lena M. Kranz, Tompkins Kristin Rachael, Thorsten Klamp, Ugur Sahin, Ann Kathrin Wallisch, Warren Kalina, Olga Gonzalez, Fulvia Vascotto, Philip R. Dormitzer, Ye Che, Kendra J. Alfson, Ricardo Carrion, Thomas Ziegenhals, Shannan Hall-Ursone, Rani S. Sellers, Thomas Hiller, Isis Kanevsky, Matthew R. Gutman, Michael W. Pride, Stephanie Erbar, Bianca Sänger, Deepak Kaushal, Journey Cole, David Eisel, Andreas A.H. Su, Joshua A. Lees, Annette B. Vogel, and Arianne Plaschke
Subjects: Male, Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, Aging, Internationality, T-Lymphocytes, Respiratory System, Antibodies, Viral, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Antigens, Viral, chemistry.chemical_classification, Clinical Trials as Topic, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Vaccines, Synthetic, Multidisciplinary, Vaccination, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, RNA, Viral, Female, Antibody, COVID-19 Vaccines, T cell, Biology, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, Antigen, medicine, Animals, Humans, BNT162 Vaccine, COVID-19 Serotherapy, SARS-CoV-2, Immunization, Passive, COVID-19, RNA, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Macaca mulatta, Virology, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Solubility, Immunization, chemistry, biology.protein, Protein Multimerization, Glycoprotein, CD8
Abstract: A safe and effective vaccine against COVID-19 is urgently needed in quantities that are sufficient to immunize large populations. Here we report the preclinical development of two vaccine candidates (BNT162b1 and BNT162b2) that contain nucleoside-modified messenger RNA that encodes immunogens derived from the spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2, formulated in lipid nanoparticles. BNT162b1 encodes a soluble, secreted trimerized receptor-binding domain (known as the RBD–foldon). BNT162b2 encodes the full-length transmembrane S glycoprotein, locked in its prefusion conformation by the substitution of two residues with proline (S(K986P/V987P); hereafter, S(P2) (also known as P2 S)). The flexibly tethered RBDs of the RBD–foldon bind to human ACE2 with high avidity. Approximately 20% of the S(P2) trimers are in the two-RBD ‘down’, one-RBD ‘up’ state. In mice, one intramuscular dose of either candidate vaccine elicits a dose-dependent antibody response with high virus-entry inhibition titres and strong T-helper-1 CD4+ and IFNγ+CD8+ T cell responses. Prime–boost vaccination of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) with the BNT162b candidates elicits SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing geometric mean titres that are 8.2–18.2× that of a panel of SARS-CoV-2-convalescent human sera. The vaccine candidates protect macaques against challenge with SARS-CoV-2; in particular, BNT162b2 protects the lower respiratory tract against the presence of viral RNA and shows no evidence of disease enhancement. Both candidates are being evaluated in phase I trials in Germany and the USA1–3, and BNT162b2 is being evaluated in an ongoing global phase II/III trial (NCT04380701 and NCT04368728). BNT162b1 and BNT162b2 are two candidate mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 that elicit high virus-entry inhibition titres in mice, elicit high virus-neutralizing titres in rhesus macaques and protect macaques from SARS-CoV-2 challenge.
Published: 2021
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6. BNT162b vaccines are immunogenic and protect non-human primates against SARS-CoV-2

Author: Oezlem Tuereci, Arianne Plaschke, Tompkins Kristin Rachael, Andre P. Heinen, Joshua A. Lees, Stefan Schille, Kena A. Swanson, Deepak Kaushal, Kathrin U. Jansen, Corinna Rosenbaum, Danka Pavliakova, Ugur Sahin, Shannan Hall-Ursone, Rani S. Sellers, Journey Cole, Parag Sahasrabudhe, Stefanie A. Krumm, Ferdia Bates, Stephanie Erbar, Isis Kanevsky, Bianca Saenger, Michal Gazi, Annette B. Vogel, Kathleen M. Brasky, Matthew R. Gutman, Hanna Junginger, Sarah C. Dany, Nicole L. Nedoma, Lena M. Kranz, Camila R. Fontes-Garfias, Julia Schlereth, Shambhunath Choudhary, Andreas A.H. Su, Ramon de la Caridad Gueimil Garcia, Seungil Han, Thorsten Klamp, Ayuko Ota-Setlik, Bonny Gaby Lui, Michael W. Pride, Fulvia Vascotto, Ann-Kathrin Wallisch, Ingrid L. Scully, Stephanie Hein, David Eisel, Charles Tan, Pei Yong Shi, Mathias Vormehr, Philip R. Dormitzer, Olga Gonzalez, Kendra J. Alfson, Thomas Hiller, Bernadette Jesionek, Thomas Ziegenhals, Stephanie Fesser, Jennifer Obregon, Petra Adams-Quack, Matthew C. Griffor, Alptekin Gueler, Yvonne Feuchter, Alexander Muik, Jakob Loschko, Jane Fontenot, Christoph Kroener, Ricardo Carrion, Leyla Fischer, Warren Kalina, Andreas N. Kuhn, Ye Che, Guy Singh, Diana Schneider, Mohan S. Maddur, Kerstin C. Walzer, Tara Ciolino, and Ellene H. Mashalidis
Subjects: Vaccination, chemistry.chemical_classification, Messenger RNA, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), chemistry, High avidity, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Biology, Glycoprotein, Virology, CD8, Transmembrane protein
Abstract: A safe and effective vaccine against COVID-19 is urgently needed in quantities sufficient to immunise large populations. We report the preclinical development of two BNT162b vaccine candidates, which contain lipid-nanoparticle (LNP) formulated nucleoside-modified mRNA encoding SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein-derived immunogens. BNT162b1 encodes a soluble, secreted, trimerised receptor-binding domain (RBD-foldon). BNT162b2 encodes the full-length transmembrane spike glycoprotein, locked in its prefusion conformation (P2 S). The flexibly tethered RBDs of the RBD-foldon bind ACE2 with high avidity. Approximately 20% of the P 2S trimers are in the two-RBD ‘down,’ one-RBD ‘up’ state. In mice, one intramuscular dose of either candidate elicits a dose-dependent antibody response with high virus-entry inhibition titres and strong TH1 CD4+ and IFNγ+ CD8+ T-cell responses. Prime/boost vaccination of rhesus macaques with BNT162b candidates elicits SARS-CoV-2 neutralising geometric mean titres 8.2 to 18.2 times that of a SARS-CoV-2 convalescent human serum panel. The vaccine candidates protect macaques from SARS-CoV-2 challenge, with BNT162b2 protecting the lower respiratory tract from the presence of viral RNA and with no evidence of disease enhancement. Both candidates are being evaluated in phase 1 trials in Germany and the United States. BNT162b2 is being evaluated in an ongoing global, pivotal Phase 2/3 trial (NCT04380701, NCT04368728).
Published: 2020
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7. A prefusion SARS-CoV-2 spike RNA vaccine is highly immunogenic and prevents lung infection in non-human primates

Author: Tompkins Kristin Rachael, Kathleen M. Brasky, Kathrin U. Jansen, Ugur Sahin, Camila R. Fontes-Garfias, Hanna Junginger, Lena M. Kranz, Michal Gazi, Kerstin C. Walzer, Joshua A. Lees, Ricardo Carrion, Kendra J. Alfson, Sarah C. Dany, Julia Schlereth, Seungil Han, Parag Sahasrabudhe, Stefanie A. Krumm, Thomas Ziegenhals, Bernadette Jesionek, Bonny Gaby Lui, Stephanie Fesser, Warren Kalina, Corinna Rosenbaum, Oezlem Tuereci, Arianne Plaschke, Petra Adams-Quack, Jennifer Obregon, Guy Singh, Ye Che, Kena A. Swanson, Ingrid L. Scully, Matthew C. Griffor, Diana Schneider, Alptekin Gueler, Pei Yong Shi, Andreas N. Kuhn, Stephanie Hein, Mohan S. Maddur, Mathias Vormehr, Andre P. Heinen, Ellene H. Mashalidis, Annette B. Vogel, Shannan Hall-Ursone, Tara Ciolino, Charles Tan, Isis Kanevsky, Ann-Kathrin Wallisch, Yvonne Feuchter, Thorsten Klamp, David Eisel, Alexander Muik, Jakob Loschko, Christoph Kroener, Bianca Saenger, Philip R. Dormitzer, Danka Pavliakova, Ferdia Bates, Deepak Kaushal, Journey Cole, Michael W. Pride, and Stephanie Erbar
Subjects: Vaccination, chemistry.chemical_classification, Messenger RNA, Titer, chemistry, Immunogenicity, RNA, Biology, Glycoprotein, Virology, Neutralization, CD8
Abstract: To contain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a safe and effective vaccine against the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is urgently needed in quantities sufficient to immunise large populations. In this study, we report the design, preclinical development, immunogenicity and anti-viral protective effect in rhesus macaques of the BNT162b2 vaccine candidate. BNT162b2 contains an LNP-formulated nucleoside-modified mRNA that encodes the spike glycoprotein captured in its prefusion conformation. After expression of the BNT162b2 coding sequence in cells, approximately 20% of the spike molecules are in the one-RBD ‘up’, two-RBD ‘down’ state. Immunisation of mice with a single dose of BNT162b2 induced dose level-dependent increases in pseudovirus neutralisation titers. Prime-boost vaccination of rhesus macaques elicited authentic SARS-CoV-2 neutralising geometric mean titers 10.2 to 18.0 times that of a SARS-CoV-2 convalescent human serum panel. BNT162b2 generated strong TH1 type CD4+ and IFNγ+ CD8+ T-cell responses in mice and rhesus macaques. The BNT162b2 vaccine candidate fully protected the lungs of immunised rhesus macaques from infectious SARS-CoV-2 challenge. BNT162b2 is currently being evaluated in a global, pivotal Phase 2/3 trial (NCT04368728).
Published: 2020
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8. Viscum album exerts anti-inflammatory effect by selectively inhibiting cytokine-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2.

Author: Pushpa Hegde, Mohan S Maddur, Alain Friboulet, Jagadeesh Bayry, and Srini V Kaveri
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Viscum album (VA) preparations are extensively used as complementary therapy in cancer and are shown to exert anti-tumor activities which involve the cytotoxic properties, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and several other immunomodulatory mechanisms. In addition to their application in cancer therapy, VA preparations have also been successfully utilized in the treatment of several inflammatory pathologies. Owing to the intricate association of inflammation and cancer and in view of the fact that several anti-tumor phytotherapeutics also exert a potent anti-inflammatory effect, we hypothesized that VA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect that is responsible for its therapeutic benefit. Since, inflammatory cytokine-induced cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of VA on regulation of cyclo-oxygenase expression and PGE2 biosynthesis by using human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 cells) as a model. A549 cells were stimulated with IL-1β and treated with VA preparation (VA Qu Spez) for 18 hours. PGE2 was analysed in the culture supernatants by enzyme immunoassay. Expression of COX-2 and COX-1 proteins was analyzed by immunoblotting and the expression of COX-2 mRNA was assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. We found that VA Qu Spez inhibit the secretion of IL-1β-induced PGE2 in a dose-dependent manner. Further, we also show that this inhibitory action was associated with a reduced expression of COX-2 without modulating the COX-1 expression. Together these results demonstrate a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of VA preparations wherein VA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting cytokine-induced PGE2 via selective inhibition of COX-2.
Published: 2011
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9. Autoimmunity as a predisposition for infectious diseases.

Author: Mohan S Maddur, Janakiraman Vani, Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes, Srinivas Kaveri, and Jagadeesh Bayry
Subjects: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Published: 2010
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10. Natural Antibodies: from First-Line Defense Against Pathogens to Perpetual Immune Homeostasis

Author: Jordan D. Dimitrov, Mohan S. Maddur, Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes, Jagadeesh Bayry, Srini V. Kaveri, Michel Kazatchkine, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), United Nations Special Envoy for AIDS in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, and Lacroix-Desmazes, Sébastien
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, medicine.medical_treatment, Autoimmunity, medicine.disease_cause, Epitope, Antibodies, Immunomodulation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, medicine, Immune Tolerance, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, B cell, Intravenous immunoglobulin, Disease Resistance, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, IVIG, Immune homeostasis, biology, Autoantibody, Immunity, General Medicine, Immunotherapy, Immunity, Innate, 3. Good health, Immunoglobulin Isotypes, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Polyclonal antibodies, Organ Specificity, Immunology, Antibody Formation, Host-Pathogen Interactions, biology.protein, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Therapy, Antibody, Natural IgG, Natural IgM
Abstract: International audience; Natural antibodies (nAbs) are most commonly defined as immunoglobulins present in the absence of pathological conditions or deliberate immunizations. Occurrence of nAbs in germ- and antigen-free mice suggest that their production is driven, at least in part, by self-antigens. Accordingly, nAbs are constituted of natural autoantibodies (nAAbs), and can belong to the IgM, IgG, or IgA subclasses. These nAbs provide immediate protection against infection while the adaptive arm of the immune system mounts a specific and long-term response. Beyond immediate protection from infection, nAbs have been shown to play various functional roles in the immune system, which include clearance of apoptotic debris, suppression of autoimmune and inflammatory responses, regulation of B cell responses, selection of the B cell repertoires, and regulation of B cell development. These various functions of nAbs are afforded by their reactivity, which is broad, cross-reactive, and shown to recognize evolutionarily fixed epitopes shared between foreign and self-antigens. Furthermore, nAbs have unique characteristics that also contribute to their functional roles and set them apart from antigen-specific antibodies. In further support for the role of nAbs in the protection against infections and in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, the therapeutic preparation of polyclonal immunoglobulins, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), rich in nAbs is commonly used in the replacement therapy of primary and secondary immunodeficiencies and in the immunotherapy of a large number of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Here, we review several topics on nAbs features and functions, and therapeutic applications in human diseases.
Published: 2019
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11. Induction of human dendritic cell maturation by naïve and memory B-cell subsets requires different activation stimuli

Author: Jagadeesh Bayry, Mohan S. Maddur, Srini V. Kaveri, Immunopathologie et immunointervention thérapeutique (CRC - Inserm U1138), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Pfizer, Inc [Pearl River, New-York], and Bayry, Jagadeesh
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, T-Lymphocytes, Immunology, B-Lymphocyte Subsets, Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell, Biology, Lymphocyte Activation, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, 03 medical and health sciences, Text mining, Correspondence, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, CD40 Antigens, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Memory B cell, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Cells, Cultured, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, B-Lymphocytes, business.industry, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Cell Differentiation, Dendritic Cells, Dendritic cell, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Interleukin-4, business, Immunologic Memory, Neuroscience, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Signal Transduction
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
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12. Regulatory T cells induce activation rather than suppression of human basophils

Author: Emmanuel Stephen-Victor, Meenu Sharma, Caroline Galeotti, Patrick Bruneval, Anupama Karnam, Srini V. Kaveri, Mrinmoy Das, Mohan S. Maddur, Jagadeesh Bayry, Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire (GEC), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de Pathologie [AP-HP Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou], Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)
Subjects: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Immunology, Population, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Basophil, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Immune tolerance, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, IL-2 receptor, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, education, Cells, Cultured, STAT5, education.field_of_study, biology, FOXP3, hemic and immune systems, Dendritic Cells, General Medicine, Basophils, 3. Good health, Basophil activation, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, Cytokines, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Spleen, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; Basophils are a rare granulocyte population that has been associated with allergic and inflammatory responses. It is essential to understand the regulatory mechanisms by which basophils are kept in check, considering the impact of dysregulated basophil function on immune responses under different pathological conditions. Among immunoregulatory cells, CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are the key players that maintain immune tolerance. The mechanisms by which Tregs regulate and suppress diverse immune cell subsets have been studied extensively, but the impact of Tregs on basophil functions is not well understood. We report that human basophils are refractory to Treg-mediated suppression and found that Tregs stimulate resting basophils to induce the expression of activation markers including CD69, CD203c, and CD13 and the release of basophil cytokines including IL-13, IL-8, and IL-4. Mechanistically, Tregs could induce human basophil activation via IL-3 and STAT5 activation, whereas cellular contact was dispensable. Inhibition of either IL-3–IL-3 receptor interactions or STAT5 phosphorylation abrogated Treg-mediated activation of basophils. These results provide evidence of direct positive effects that human Tregs have on basophil activation and reveal a previously unrecognized feature of this cell subset well known for immunosuppressive functions.
Published: 2018
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13. Circulating Normal IgG as Stimulator of Regulatory T Cells: Lessons from Intravenous Immunoglobulin

Author: Srini V. Kaveri, Mohan S. Maddur, Jagadeesh Bayry, HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pfizer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Pfizer Inc
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, DCIR, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, [ SDV.IMM.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, Tregitopes, Lymphocyte Activation, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, DC-SIGN, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, regulatory T cells, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, antibody, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Animals, Humans, Prostaglandin E2, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Intravenous immunoglobulin, prostaglandin E2, biology, business.industry, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, Immunotherapy, [SDV.IMM.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, Dendritic Cells, 3. Good health, Interleukin 33, 030104 developmental biology, Immunoglobulin G, Blood Circulation, biology.protein, IL-33, Immunization, Antibody, [SDV.IMM.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, business, 030215 immunology, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a pooled normal IgG formulation prepared from thousands of healthy donors’ plasma, is extensively used for the immunotherapy of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Recent reports demonstrate that IVIG exerts anti-inflammatory actions by stimulating the activation and expansion of regulatory T (Treg) cells by multiple mechanisms via antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
Published: 2017
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14. Metabolic Phenotypes Of Response to Vaccination in Humans

Author: Adriana Weinberg, Myron J. Levin, Christopher Chiu, Jennifer A. Whitaker, Mohan S. Maddur, Dean P. Jones, Tianwei Yu, Aneesh K. Mehta, Sheri Dubey, Sai Duraisingham, Andreas Wieland, Nicole L. Sullivan, Shankar Subramaniam, Vi Linh Tran, Bali Pulendran, Jennifer Canniff, Shuzhao Li, Kalpit A. Vora, Alessandro Sette, Thomas Hagan, Mark J. Mulligan, Helder I. Nakaya, Nadine Rouphael, Megan McCausland, Ken Liu, Rafi Ahmed, and Sophia Banton
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Aging, medicine.medical_treatment, Inositol Phosphates, Biology, Adaptive Immunity, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Immunity, medicine, Herpes Zoster Vaccine, Humans, Metabolomics, Gene Regulatory Networks, VACINAÇÃO, Longitudinal Studies, Aged, Sex Characteristics, Gene Expression Profiling, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Middle Aged, Viral Load, medicine.disease, Flow Cytometry, Phenotype, Virology, Vaccination, Sterols, 030104 developmental biology, Cytokine, Immunology, Antibody Formation, biology.protein, bacteria, Female, Antibody, CD8, Shingles
Abstract: Herpes zoster (shingles) causes significant morbidity in immune compromised hosts and older adults. Whereas a vaccine is available for prevention of shingles, its efficacy declines with age. To help to understand the mechanisms driving vaccinal responses, we constructed a multiscale, multifactorial response network (MMRN) of immunity in healthy young and older adults immunized with the live attenuated shingles vaccine Zostavax. Vaccination induces robust antigen-specific antibody, plasmablasts, and CD4+ T cells yet limited CD8+ T cell and antiviral responses. The MMRN reveals striking associations between orthogonal datasets, such as transcriptomic and metabolomics signatures, cell populations, and cytokine levels, and identifies immune and metabolic correlates of vaccine immunity. Networks associated with inositol phosphate, glycerophospholipids, and sterol metabolism are tightly coupled with immunity. Critically, the sterol regulatory binding protein 1 and its targets are key integrators of antibody and T follicular cell responses. Our approach is broadly applicable to study human immunity and can help to identify predictors of efficacy as well as mechanisms controlling immunity to vaccination.
Published: 2017

15. Regulatory T cell frequency, but not plasma IL-33 levels, represents potential immunological biomarker to predict clinical response to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy

Author: Laurent Magy, Emmanuel Stephen-Victor, Jagadeesh Bayry, Francis Bolgert, Jean-Michel Vallat, Vikas Pratap Singh, Magalie Rabin, Praveen Prakhar, Srini V. Kaveri, Mrinmoy Das, Jamma Trinath, Mohan S. Maddur, Varun K. Sharma, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy Balaji, Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Indian Institute of Science, Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre de référence national neuropathies périphériques rares [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Emory Vaccine Center [Atlanta, GA, USA], Indian Institute of Science [Bangalore] (IISc Bangalore), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], Supported by Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris Descartes (SVK and JB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (SVK), European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement 260338 ALLFUN (JB), and fellowship from Journées de Neurologie de Langue Française (MR). KNB is a J. C. Bose National fellow of Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India., European Project: 260338,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,ALLFUN(2010), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, Bayry, Jagadeesh, Fungi in the setting of inflammation, allergy and autoimmune diseases:Translating basic science into clinical practices - ALLFUN - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2010-12-01 - 2014-05-31 - 260338 - VALID, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Severity of Illness Index, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Immunoglobulin G, 0302 clinical medicine, Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Aged, 80 and over, Microbiology & Cell Biology, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Neuroscience, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, FOXP3, Regulatory T cells, Middle Aged, Flow Cytometry, Guillain-Barré syndrome, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Female, Antibody, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Regulatory T cell, Immunology, Short Report, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, [ SDV.IMM.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Dinoprostone, Statistics, Nonparametric, Flow cytometry, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Humans, Immunologic Factors, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Aged, IVIG, business.industry, [SDV.IMM.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, Interleukin-33, Interleukin 33, 030104 developmental biology, TNF-α, biology.protein, IL-33, Clinical response, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Treg cells, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a polyspecific pooled immunoglobulin G preparation and one of the commonly used therapeutics for autoimmune diseases including those of neurological origin. A recent report in murine model proposed that IVIG expands regulatory T (Treg) cells via induction of interleukin 33 (IL-33). However, translational insight on these observations is lacking.Methods: Ten newly diagnosed Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients were treated with IVIG at the rate of 0.4 g/kg for three to five consecutive days. Clinical evaluation for muscular weakness was performed by Medical Research Council (MRC) and modified Rankin scoring (MRS) system. Heparinized blood samples were collected before and 1, 2, and 4–5 weeks post-IVIG therapy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained for surface CD4 and intracellular Foxp3, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and were analyzed by flow cytometry. IL-33 and prostaglandin E2 in the plasma were measured by ELISA.Results: The fold changes in plasma IL-33 at week 1 showed no correlation with the MRC and MRS scores at weeks 1, 2, and ≥4 post-IVIG therapy. Clinical recovery following IVIG therapy appears to be associated with Treg cell response. Contrary to murine study, there was no association between the fold changes in IL-33 at week 1 and Treg cell frequency at weeks 1, 2, and ≥4 post-IVIG therapy. Treg cell-mediated clinical response to IVIG therapy in GBS patients was associated with reciprocal regulation of effector T cells-expressing TNF-α.Conclusion: Treg cell expansion by IVIG in patients with autoimmune diseases lack correlation with IL-33. Treg cell frequency, but not plasma IL-33 levels, represents potential immunological biomarker to predict clinical response to IVIG therapy.
Published: 2017
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16. Intravenous immunoglobulin exerts reciprocal regulation of Th1/Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in Guillain–Barré syndrome patients

Author: Jean-Michel Vallat, Pushpa Hegde, Moneger Guy, Magalie Rabin, Francis Bolgert, Mohan S. Maddur, Laurent Magy, Jagadeesh Bayry, Srini V. Kaveri, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de référence national neuropathies périphériques rares [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, International Associated Laboratory IMPACT, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Indian Council of Medical Research [New Dehli] (ICMR), Administateur, HAL Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Indian Council of Medical Research, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: IVIg, Allergy, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Guillain–Barré syndrome, 0302 clinical medicine, Immunophenotyping, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, hemic and lymphatic diseases, [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Medicine, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, biology, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, FOXP3, hemic and immune systems, Regulatory T cells, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Peripheral nervous system, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Antibody, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, T cell, Immunology, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Motor Activity, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Immunomodulation, 03 medical and health sciences, Th1 cells, Humans, Lymphocyte Count, Th17 cells, Intravenous immunoglobulin, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease, Case-Control Studies, Concomitant, biology.protein, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, autoimmune inflammatory disorder of peripheral nervous system characterized by a severe functional motor weakness. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is one of the approved and preferred therapeutic strategies for GBS. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic benefit with IVIg in GBS are not completely understood. In the present study, we observed that GBS patients have increased frequencies of Th1 and Th17 cells, but reduced number of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg cells) with defective functions. We show that IVIg treatment in GBS patients results in a marked reduction in the frequency of Th1 and Th17 cells with a concomitant expansion of Treg cells. Importantly, IVIg-expanded Treg cells exhibited an increased T cell suppressive function. Together our results demonstrate that therapeutic benefit of IVIg in GBS patients implicates the reciprocal regulation of Th1/Th17 and Treg cells.
Published: 2014
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17. Vaccine Activation of the Nutrient Sensor GCN2 in Dendritic Cells Enhances Antigen Presentation

Author: Herbert W. Virgin, Pascal Chappert, David Ron, Jens Loebbermann, Helder I. Nakaya, Jean Davoust, David S. Weiss, Bali Pulendran, Mohan S. Maddur, Shuzhao Li, Youngja Park, Dean P. Jones, Rajesh Ravindran, and Nooruddin Khan
Subjects: CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Systems biology, Antigen presentation, Yellow fever vaccine, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biology, Autophagy-Related Protein 7, Article, Autophagy-Related Protein 5, Cell Line, Mice, Cricetinae, medicine, Animals, Humans, Integrated stress response, Antigen Presentation, Multidisciplinary, Yellow Fever Vaccine, Autophagy, Dendritic Cells, Acquired immune system, Mice, Mutant Strains, Enzyme Activation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cell culture, Immunology, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, CD8, medicine.drug
Abstract: The Secret Life of a Vaccine Antigen-specific CD8 ÷ T cells play a central role in the adaptive immune response to viral infections and to cancer. Ravindran et al. (p. 313 , published online 5 December) studied the successful yellow fever virus vaccine YF-17D to gain insight into its mechanism of action. The vaccine activated the nutrient deprivation sensor, GCN2 kinase, in dendritic cells. In transgenic mouse models, GCN2 activation promoted autophagy and antigen cross-presentation, enhancing the virus-specific CD8 ÷ T cell response. The findings suggest an important role for nutrient availability and autophagy in vaccine efficacy, which could aid more successful vaccine development.
Published: 2014
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18. Antibiotics-Driven Gut Microbiome Perturbation Alters Immunity to Vaccines in Humans

Author: Caroline Petitdemange, Jenna J. Guthmiller, Barbara Cervasi, Hana Golding, Amit A. Uphadhyay, Patrick C. Wilson, Nadine Rouphael, Megan Hahn, Shuzhao Li, Caitlin Linde, Alexis Bretin, Michele Paine McCullough, Sara Jo Johnson, Mario Cortese, Steve E. Bosinger, Min Huang, Galit Alter, Carolyn M. Boudreau, Luiz Gustavo Gardinassi, Kiran Gill, Jun Zou, Hong Wang, Nai-Ying Zheng, Mohan S. Maddur, Bali Pulendran, Thomas Hagan, Surender Khurana, Andrew T. Gewirtz, and Jishnu Das
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, Antibiotics, Antibodies, Viral, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Immunogenicity, Vaccine, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 0302 clinical medicine, Immunity, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, Microbiome, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Antibody titer, Inflammasome, Dendritic cell, Healthy Volunteers, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Vaccination, Influenza Vaccines, Antibody Formation, Immunology, biology.protein, Female, Antibody, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Emerging evidence indicates a central role for the microbiome in immunity. However, causal evidence in humans is sparse. Here, we administered broad-spectrum antibiotics to healthy adults prior and subsequent to seasonal influenza vaccination. Despite a 10,000-fold reduction in gut bacterial load and long-lasting diminution in bacterial diversity, antibody responses were not significantly affected. However, in a second trial of subjects with low pre-existing antibody titers, there was significant impairment in H1N1-specific neutralization and binding IgG1 and IgA responses. In addition, in both studies antibiotics treatment resulted in (1) enhanced inflammatory signatures (including AP-1/NR4A expression), observed previously in the elderly, and increased dendritic cell activation; (2) divergent metabolic trajectories, with a 1,000-fold reduction in serum secondary bile acids, which was highly correlated with AP-1/NR4A signaling and inflammasome activation. Multi-omics integration revealed significant associations between bacterial species and metabolic phenotypes, highlighting a key role for the microbiome in modulating human immunity.
Published: 2019
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19. Intravenous immunoglobulin induces IL-4 in human basophils by signaling through surface-bound IgE

Author: Jordan D. Dimitrov, Olivier Benveniste, Mohan S. Maddur, Jagadeesh Bayry, Pierre Bruhns, Alain Chevailler, Caroline Galeotti, Emmanuel Stephen-Victor, Anupama Karnam, Laurent Gilardin, Srini V. Kaveri, Mrinmoy Das, Cédric Vonarburg, and Sandra Wymann
Subjects: Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte, 0301 basic medicine, Thymic stromal lymphopoietin, Immunology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Fc receptor, Syk, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Basophil, Immunoglobulin E, Histamine Release, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Antigens, CD, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, Syk Kinase, Immunology and Allergy, Lectins, C-Type, Cells, Cultured, Interleukin 4, biology, Chemistry, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, hemic and immune systems, Basophils, Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments, Up-Regulation, 3. Good health, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, Interleukin-3, Antibody, Histamine, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Background Therapeutic normal IgG or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) exerts anti-inflammatory effects through several mutually nonexclusive mechanisms. Recent data in mouse models of autoimmune disease suggest that IVIG induces IL-4 in basophils by enhancing IL-33 in SIGN-related 1–positive innate cells. However, translational insight on these data is lacking. Objective We sought to investigate the effect of IVIG on human basophil functions. Methods Isolated circulating basophils from healthy donors were cultured in the presence of IL-3, IL-33, GM-CSF, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, or IL-25. The effect of IVIG and F(ab')2 and Fc IVIG fragments was examined based on expression of various surface molecules, phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase, induction of cytokines, and histamine release. Basophil phenotypes were also analyzed from IVIG-treated patients with myopathy. Approaches, such as depletion of anti-IgE reactivity from IVIG, blocking antibodies, or inhibitors, were used to investigate the mechanisms. Results We report that IVIG directly induces activation of IL-3–primed human basophils, but IL-33 and other cytokines were dispensable for this effect. Activation of basophils by IVIG led to enhanced expression of CD69 and secretion of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-8. IVIG-treated patients with myopathy displayed enhanced expression of CD69 on basophils. The spleen tyrosine kinase pathway is implicated in these functions of IVIG and were mediated by F(ab')2 fragments. Mechanistically, IVIG induced IL-4 in human basophils by interacting with basophil surface-bound IgE but independent of FcγRII, type II Fc receptors, C-type lectin receptors, and sialic acid–binding immunoglobulin-like lectins. Conclusion These results uncovered a pathway of promoting the TH2 response by IVIG through direct interaction of IgG with human basophils.
Published: 2019
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20. Intravenous Gammaglobulin Inhibits Encephalitogenic Potential of Pathogenic T Cells and Interferes with their Trafficking to the Central Nervous System, Implicating Sphingosine-1 Phosphate Receptor 1–Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Axis

Author: Meenu Sharma, Shivashankar Othy, Srini V. Kaveri, Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes, Jagadeesh Bayry, Selma Topçu, Mohan S. Maddur, Pushpa Hegde, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bayry, Jagadeesh, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental, Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor, Cellular differentiation, T cell, Immunology, Biology, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Receptor, Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Membrane Glycoproteins, Effector, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases, Receptors, IgG, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, FOXP3, Cell Differentiation, Th1 Cells, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Receptors, Lysosphingolipid, Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, medicine.anatomical_structure, Encephalitis, Th17 Cells, Administration, Intravenous, Female, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, 030215 immunology, medicine.drug
Abstract: Despite an increasing use of high-dose therapy of i.v. gammaglobulin (IVIg) in the treatment of various T cell– and Ab-mediated inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, comprehension of the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic benefit has remained a major challenge. Particularly, the effect of IVIg in T cell–mediated autoimmune conditions remains unexplored. Using an actively induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model, a T cell–mediated autoimmune condition, we demonstrate that IVIg inhibits the differentiation of naive CD4 T cells into encephalitogenic subsets (Th1 and Th17 cells) and concomitantly induces an expansion of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Further, IVIg renders effector T cells less pathogenic by decreasing the expression of encephalitogenic molecular players like GM-CSF and podoplanin. Intriguingly and contrary to the current arguments, the inhibitory FcγRIIB is dispensable for IVIg-mediated reciprocal modulation of effector and regulatory CD4 subsets. Additionally, F(ab′)2 fragments also retained this function of IVIg. IVIg or F(ab′)2 fragments decrease the sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor on CD4 cells, thus sequestering these cells in the draining lymph nodes and decreasing their infiltration into the CNS. Our study reveals a novel role of Igs in the modulation of polarization and trafficking of T lymphocytes, accounting for the observed beneficial effect in IVIg therapy.
Published: 2013
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21. Th17 Cells

Author: Pierre Miossec, Srini V. Kaveri, Mohan S. Maddur, and Jagadeesh Bayry
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Innate lymphoid cell, hemic and immune systems, Biology, medicine.disease, Inflammatory bowel disease, 3. Good health, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Proinflammatory cytokine, CCL20, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, RAR-related orphan receptor gamma, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Psoriasis, Immunology, Interleukin 12, medicine, Interleukin 17, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Th17 cells that secrete the cytokines IL-17A and IL-17F and express lineage-specific transcription factor RORC (RORγt in mice) represent a distinct lineage of CD4 + T cells. Transforming growth factor-β and inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-21, IL-1β, and IL-23, play central roles in the generation of Th17 cells. Th17 cells are critical for the clearance of extracellular pathogens, including Candida and Klebsiella . However, under certain conditions, these cells and their effector molecules, such as IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, GM-CSF, and CCL20, are associated with the pathogenesis of several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and allergy and asthma. This review discusses these disease states and the various therapeutic strategies under investigation to target Th17 cells, which include blocking the differentiation and amplification of Th17 cells, inhibiting or neutralizing the cytokines of Th17 cells, and suppressing the transcription factors specific for Th17 cells.
Published: 2012
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22. Intravenous immunoglobulins in immunodeficiencies: more than mere replacement therapy

Author: Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes, Jagadeesh Bayry, Pushpa Hegde, Srini V. Kaveri, and Mohan S. Maddur
Subjects: Autoimmune disease, Severe combined immunodeficiency, biology, business.industry, Common variable immunodeficiency, Immunology, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, medicine.disease, Immunoglobulin E, Autoimmune Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Intravenous Immunoglobulins, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Immunopathology, medicine, biology.protein, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Antibody, business, Review Articles, Immunodeficiency
Abstract: Summary Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a therapeutic compound prepared from pools of plasma obtained from several thousand healthy blood donors. For more than 20 years, IVIG has been used in the treatment of a wide range of primary and secondary immunodeficiencies. IVIG now represents a standard therapeutic option for most antibody deficiencies. Routinely, IVIG is used in patients with X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA), common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), X-linked hyper-IgM, severe combined immunodeficiency, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, and selective IgG class deficiency. In addition, IVIG is used extensively in the treatment of a wide variety of autoimmune disorders. IVIG is administered at distinct doses in the two clinical settings: whereas immunodeficient patients are treated with replacement levels of IVIG, patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are administered with very high doses of IVIG. Several lines of experimental evidence gathered in the recent years suggest that the therapeutic beneficial effect of IVIG in immunodeficiencies reflects an active role for IVIG, rather than a mere passive transfer of antibodies.
Published: 2011
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23. Dendritic Cells in Autoimmune Diseases

Author: Mohan S. Maddur, Jordan D. Dimitrov, Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes, Jagadeesh Bayry, Srini V. Kaveri, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy Balaji, and Janakiraman Vani
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Systemic lupus erythematosus, business.industry, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Rheumatology, Autoimmunity, Immune tolerance, Intracellular signal transduction, Immune system, Co-stimulation, Internal medicine, Immunology, Medicine, business, Antigen-presenting cell
Abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells, which play a crucial role both in maintaining immune tolerance and in inducing adaptive immune responses. Therefore, DCs are the most sought in inciting autoimmu- nity and its sustenance to autoimmune diseases. The emerging knowledge of the importance of DCs, DC-derived cytoki- nes, and intracellular signal transduction pathways in mediating autoimmune diseases and in creating an inflammatory en- vironment provides a rationale for pursuing strategies to block these inflammatory pathways for therapeutic purposes.
Published: 2010
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24. Intravenous immunoglobulin-mediated expansion of regulatory T cells in autoimmune patients is associated with increased prostaglandin E2 levels in the circulation

Author: Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy Balaji, Moneger Guy, Jean-Michel Vallat, Laurent Magy, Magalie Rabin, Mohan S. Maddur, Jagadeesh Bayry, Francis Bolgert, Srini V. Kaveri, Jamma Trinath, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Indian Institute of Science, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bayry, Jagadeesh, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Male, Short Communication, Immunology, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Dinoprostone, Autoimmune Diseases, Immune tolerance, Immune system, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Prostaglandin E2, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Cell Proliferation, Microbiology & Cell Biology, Aged, 80 and over, biology, business.industry, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, FOXP3, hemic and immune systems, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Circulatory system, biology.protein, Female, Antibody, business, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, medicine.drug
Abstract: CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are immunosuppressive cells that are critical for immune tolerance. Several studies have demonstrated that one of the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) involves the expansion of Tregs. Recently, we demonstrated that IVIg-mediated Treg expansion involves the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-dependent induction of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in human dendritic cells (DCs). However, the validity of these findings in autoimmune patients is lacking. In this report, we demonstrate that the IVIg-mediated expansion of Tregs in autoimmune patients is associated with increased levels of circulatory PGE2. Due to its immunomodulatory effects on various immune cells, this increase in PGE2 represents one of the pathways by which IVIg exerts anti-inflammatory effects.
Published: 2015
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25. B cells drive Th2 responses by instructing human dendritic cell maturation

Author: Mohan S. Maddur, Jagadeesh Bayry, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bayry, Jagadeesh, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: Follicular dendritic cells, Th2 response, Immunology, Antigen presentation, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Dendritic cell, Biology, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Immune system, Antibody response, Oncology, Immunology and Allergy, bacteria, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Author's View, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to regulate the functions of various immune cells. Reciprocal signaling by these immune cells also “educate” the DCs and determine the quality of the ensuing immune responses. Recently, we demonstrated that human DCs undergo maturation upon interaction with activated B cells to acquire unique abilities to promote polarization of Th2 cells.
Published: 2015
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26. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Promotes Regulatory T-Cell Expansion via Induction of Programmed Death-1 Ligand 1 (PD-L1, CD274) on Dendritic Cells

Author: Srini V. Kaveri, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy Balaji, Jagadeesh Bayry, Jamma Trinath, and Mohan S. Maddur
Subjects: biology, Regulatory T cell, Ligand (biochemistry), biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Antigen, Apoptosis, Immunity, PD-L1, medicine, biology.protein, Immunology and Allergy, Programmed death 1
Published: 2012
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27. Human B cells induce dendritic cell maturation and favour Th2 polarization by inducing OX-40 ligand

Author: Pushpa Hegde, Bali Pulendran, Meenu Sharma, Emmanuel Stephen-Victor, Mohan S. Maddur, Srini V. Kaveri, Jagadeesh Bayry, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bayry, Jagadeesh, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte, Cellular differentiation, Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein, Cell Culture Techniques, General Physics and Astronomy, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, OX40 Ligand, Biology, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Th2 Cells, Antigens, CD, Humans, Lectins, C-Type, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, education, Interleukin 5, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Interleukin 4, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, B-Lymphocytes, Multidisciplinary, Interleukin-13, Cell Differentiation, General Chemistry, Dendritic cell, Dendritic Cells, OX40 ligand, Cell biology, Cell culture, Interleukin 13, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Interleukin-4, Interleukin-5, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, 030215 immunology, B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in immune homeostasis by regulating the functions of various immune cells, including T and B cells. Notably, DCs also undergo education on reciprocal signalling by these immune cells and environmental factors. Various reports demonstrated that B cells have profound regulatory functions, although only few reports have explored the regulation of human DCs by B cells. Here we demonstrate that activated but not resting B cells induce maturation of DCs with distinct features to polarize Th2 cells that secrete interleukin (IL)-5, IL-4 and IL-13. B-cell-induced maturation of DCs is contact dependent and implicates signalling of B-cell activation molecules CD69, B-cell-activating factor receptor, and transmembrane activator and calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand interactor. Mechanistically, differentiation of Th2 cells by B-cell-matured DCs is dependent on OX-40 ligand. Collectively, our results suggest that B cells have the ability to control their own effector functions by enhancing the ability of human DCs to mediate Th2 differentiation.
Published: 2014
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28. TLR5-Mediated Sensing of Gut Microbiota Is Necessary for Antibody Responses to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination

Author: Mohan S. Maddur, Bali Pulendran, Paul Hakimpour, Andrew T. Gewirtz, Maureen A. Bower, Frederic A. Carvalho, R. Balfour Sartor, Rajesh Ravindran, Kiran Gill, Felix Yarovinsky, Benoit Chassaing, Jason Z. Oh, Helder I. Nakaya, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Georgia State University, University System of Georgia (USG), Neuro-Dol (Neuro-Dol), and Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Influenza vaccine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plasma Cells, Immunology, Yellow fever vaccine, Antibodies, Viral, Article, Microbiology, Mice, Immunity, Influenza, Human, Plasma cell differentiation, Escherichia coli, medicine, Animals, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mice, Knockout, B-Lymphocytes, biology, Macrophages, Microbiota, Yellow Fever Vaccine, Antibody titer, Cell Differentiation, 3. Good health, Intestines, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Vaccination, Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated, Toll-Like Receptor 5, Infectious Diseases, Influenza Vaccines, TLR5, Antibody Formation, biology.protein, Lymph Nodes, Immunologic Memory, Flagellin, Signal Transduction, medicine.drug
Abstract: Summary Systems biological analysis of immunity to the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) in humans revealed a correlation between early expression of TLR5 and the magnitude of the antibody response. Vaccination of Trl5 −/− mice resulted in reduced antibody titers and lower frequencies of plasma cells, demonstrating a role for TLR5 in immunity to TIV. This was due to a failure to sense host microbiota. Thus, antibody responses in germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice were impaired, but restored by oral reconstitution with a flagellated, but not aflagellated, strain of E. coli . TLR5-mediated sensing of flagellin promoted plasma cell differentiation directly and by stimulating lymph node macrophages to produce plasma cell growth factors. Finally, TLR5-mediated sensing of the microbiota also impacted antibody responses to the inactivated polio vaccine, but not to adjuvanted vaccines or the live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine. These results reveal an unappreciated role for gut microbiota in promoting immunity to vaccination.
Published: 2014
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29. Innate Immune Sensing and Response to Influenza

Author: Bali Pulendran and Mohan S. Maddur
Subjects: Intrinsic immunity, Innate immune system, Innate lymphoid cell, CCL18, Dendritic Cells, Adaptive Immunity, Biology, Acquired immune system, Virology, Immunity, Innate, Article, Virus, Natural killer cell, Killer Cells, Natural, Mice, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunity, Influenza, Human, Immunology, medicine, Animals, Humans, Receptors, Virus
Abstract: Influenza viruses pose a substantial threat to human and animal health worldwide. Recent studies in mouse models have revealed an indispensable role for the innate immune system in defense against influenza virus. Recognition of the virus by innate immune receptors in a multitude of cell types activates intricate signaling networks, functioning to restrict viral replication. Downstream effector mechanisms include activation of innate immune cells and, induction and regulation of adaptive immunity. However, uncontrolled innate responses are associated with exaggerated disease, especially in pandemic influenza virus infection. Despite advances in the understanding of innate response to influenza in the mouse model, there is a large knowledge gap in humans, particularly in immunocom-promised groups such as infants and the elderly. We propose here, the need for further studies in humans to decipher the role of innate immunity to influenza virus, particularly at the site of infection. These studies will complement the existing work in mice and facilitate the quest to design improved vaccines and therapeutic strategies against influenza.
Published: 2014
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30. Intravenous immunoglobulin expands regulatory T cells via induction of cyclooxygenase-2–dependent prostaglandin E2 in human dendritic cells

Author: Pushpa Hegde, Meenu Sharma, Laurent Magy, Srini V. Kaveri, Jagadeesh Bayry, Jean Michel Vallat, Jamma Trinath, Mohan S. Maddur, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy Balaji, Magalie Rabin, Indian Institute of Science, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bayry, Jagadeesh, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Biochemistry, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Immune tolerance, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, IL-2 receptor, Prostaglandin E2, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Microbiology & Cell Biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, FOXP3, hemic and immune systems, Hematology, 3. Good health, Female, Antibody, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, medicine.drug, Immunology, Receptors, Cell Surface, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Dinoprostone, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Animals, Humans, Lectins, C-Type, education, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, 030304 developmental biology, Dendritic Cells, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Coculture Techniques, In vitro, OX40 ligand, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Cyclooxygenase 2, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, biology.protein, Cell Adhesion Molecules, 030215 immunology
Abstract: CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in the maintenance of immune tolerance. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), a therapeutic preparation of normal pooled human IgG, expands Tregs in various experimental models and in patients. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which IVIg expands Tregs are relatively unknown. As Treg expansion in the periphery requires signaling by antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) and IVIg has been demonstrated to modulate DC functions, we hypothesized that IVIg induces distinct signaling events in DCs that subsequently mediate Treg expansion. We demonstrate that IVIg expands Tregs via induction of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-dependent prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) in human DCs. However, costimulatory molecules of DCs such as programmed death ligands, OX40 ligand, and inducible T-cell costimulator ligands were not implicated. Inhibition of PGE(2) synthesis by COX-2 inhibitors prevented IVIg-mediated Treg expansion in vitro and significantly diminished IVIg-mediated Treg expansion in vivo and protection from disease in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. IVIg-mediated COX-2 expression, PGE(2) production, and Treg expansion were mediated in part via interaction of IVIg and F(ab('))(2) fragments of IVIg with DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin. Our results thus uncover novel cellular and molecular mechanism by which IVIg expands Tregs.
Published: 2013
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31. Correction: Corrigendum: Circulating human basophils lack the features of professional antigen presenting cells

Author: Jean-Paul Latgé, Pushpa Hegde, Meenu Sharma, Pascal Poncet, Mohan S. Maddur, Srini V. Kaveri, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Rémi Beau, Jagadeesh Bayry, and Helene Séńchal
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, education, parasitic diseases, Immunology, medicine, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, hemic and immune systems, Antigen-presenting cell, business, humanities
Abstract: CORRIGENDUM: Circulating human basophils lack the features of professional antigen presenting cells
Published: 2013
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32. Dual role of CpG-stimulated B cells in the regulation of dendritic cells: comment on the article by Berggren et al

Author: Mohan S. Maddur, Jagadeesh Bayry, and Srini V. Kaveri
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, B-Lymphocytes, Immunology, Interferon-alpha, Dendritic Cells, Biology, Cell biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Dual role, Rheumatology, CpG site, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030304 developmental biology, 030215 immunology
Published: 2013

33. Circulating human basophils lack the features of professional antigen presenting cells

Author: Pascal Poncet, Meenu Sharma, Mohan S. Maddur, Pushpa Hegde, Jean-Paul Latgé, Jagadeesh Bayry, Srini V. Kaveri, Rémi Beau, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Hélène Sénéchal, U872 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Nutriomique, Équipe 7, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Aspergillus, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Laboratoire Colloïdes et Matériaux Divisés (LCMD), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département Infection et Epidémiologie - Department of Infection and Epidemiology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Supported by European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007–2013] under Grant Agreement No: 260338 ALLFUN and ANR-10-BLAN-1309 HYDROPHOBIN., ANR-10-BLAN-1309,HYDROPHOBIN,HYDROPHOBINE DES CONIDIES d'Aspergillus fumigatus : ANALYSE STRUCTURALE ET REPONSE IMMUNE(2010), European Project: 260338,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,ALLFUN(2010), HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire, BLANC - HYDROPHOBINE DES CONIDIES d'Aspergillus fumigatus : ANALYSE STRUCTURALE ET REPONSE IMMUNE - - HYDROPHOBIN2010 - ANR-10-BLAN-1309 - BLANC - VALID, Fungi in the setting of inflammation, allergy and autoimmune diseases:Translating basic science into clinical practices - ALLFUN - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2010-12-01 - 2014-05-31 - 260338 - VALID, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, T cell, Antigen-Presenting Cells, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Biology, Immunoglobulin E, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Article, Monocytes, Fungal Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Antigen, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Antigen-presenting cell, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Interleukin 4, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, MHC class II, Multidisciplinary, hemic and immune systems, Dendritic Cells, HLA-DR Antigens, Allergens, Antigens, Plant, Coculture Techniques, Recombinant Proteins, Basophils, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, B7-1 Antigen, biology.protein, B7-2 Antigen, Interleukin-4, CD80, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; Recent reports in mice demonstrate that basophils function as antigen presenting cells (APC). They express MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, capture and present soluble antigens or IgE-antigen complexes and polarize Th2 responses. Therefore, we explored whether human circulating basophils possess the features of professional APC. We found that unlike dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes, steady-state circulating human basophils did not express HLA-DR and co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86. Basophils remained negative for these molecules following stimulation with soluble Asp f 1, one of the allergens of Aspergillus fumigatus; Bet v 1, the major birch allergen; TLR2-ligand or even upon IgE cross-linking. Unlike DC, Asp f 1-pulsed basophils did not promote Th2 responses as analyzed by the secretion of IL-4 in the basophil-CD4+ T cell co-culture. Together, these results demonstrate the inability of circulating human basophils to function as professional APC.
Published: 2013
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34. Viscum album exerts anti-inflammatory effect by selectively inhibiting cytokine-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2

Author: Jagadeesh Bayry, Mohan S. Maddur, Alain Friboulet, Srini V. Kaveri, Pushpa Hegde, Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire (GEC), and Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Angiogenesis, medicine.medical_treatment, Interleukin-1beta, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, lcsh:Medicine, Pharmacology, 0302 clinical medicine, lcsh:Science, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Chemistry, 3. Good health, Cytokine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cytokines, Medicine, medicine.symptom, Research Article, Drugs and Devices, Viscum album, medicine.drug_class, Immunology, Inflammation, Immunopathology, Immune Suppression, Dinoprostone, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulation, 03 medical and health sciences, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Immunoassays, Biology, 030304 developmental biology, A549 cell, Plant Extracts, lcsh:R, Immunity, Immunoregulation, biology.organism_classification, Mechanism of action, Cyclooxygenase 2, Cell culture, Immune System, Immunologic Techniques, Clinical Immunology, lcsh:Q
Abstract: International audience; Viscum album (VA) preparations are extensively used as complementary therapy in cancer and are shown to exert anti-tumor activities which involve the cytotoxic properties, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and several other immunomodulatory mechanisms. In addition to their application in cancer therapy, VA preparations have also been successfully utilized in the treatment of several inflammatory pathologies. Owing to the intricate association of inflammation and cancer and in view of the fact that several anti-tumor phytotherapeutics also exert a potent anti-inflammatory effect, we hypothesized that VA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect that is responsible for its therapeutic benefit. Since, inflammatory cytokine-induced cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of VA on regulation of cyclo-oxygenase expression and PGE2 biosynthesis by using human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 cells) as a model. A549 cells were stimulated with IL-1β and treated with VA preparation (VA Qu Spez) for 18 hours. PGE2 was analysed in the culture supernatants by enzyme immunoassay. Expression of COX-2 and COX-1 proteins was analyzed by immunoblotting and the expression of COX-2 mRNA was assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. We found that VA Qu Spez inhibit the secretion of IL-1β-induced PGE2 in a dose-dependent manner. Further, we also show that this inhibitory action was associated with a reduced expression of COX-2 without modulating the COX-1 expression. Together these results demonstrate a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of VA preparations wherein VA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting cytokine-induced PGE2 via selective inhibition of COX-2.
Published: 2011

35. Autoimmunity as a Predisposition for Infectious Diseases

Author: Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes, Janakiraman Vani, Jagadeesh Bayry, Srinivas V. Kaveri, and Mohan S. Maddur
Subjects: lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Opinion, Immunology, Inflammation, Autoimmunity, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Communicable Diseases, Pathogenesis, Immune system, Virology, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Molecular Biology, Pathological, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Cytokine Therapy, Autoantibody, Infectious Diseases, lcsh:Biology (General), biology.protein, Parasitology, Antibody, medicine.symptom, lcsh:RC581-607
Abstract: Autoimmunity refers to an inappropriate immune response against self-components of the host that results in pathological conditions. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by an activation of autoreactive T and B cells, are associated in some cases with the production of pathogenic autoantibodies against self-molecules, culminating in inflammation and tissue damage. The reasons for the breakdown of tolerance mechanisms leading to autoimmunity are not clearly known. However, a combination of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity [1]–[5].
Published: 2010

36. Contribution of myeloid dendritic cells to type I interferon-induced cytokines and chemokines: comment on the article by Bilgic et al

Author: Mohan S, Maddur, Janakiraman, Vani, Sébastien, Lacroix-Desmazes, Srini V, Kaveri, and Jagadeesh, Bayry
Subjects: Interferon Type I, Gene Expression, Humans, RNA-Binding Proteins, Bone Marrow Cells, Dendritic Cells, Chemokines, Carrier Proteins, Biomarkers, Cells, Cultured, Dermatomyositis, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Autoimmune Diseases
Published: 2010

37. Contribution of myeloid dendritic cells to type I interferon-induced cytokines and chemokines

Author: Janakiraman Vani, Srini V. Kaveri, Mohan S. Maddur, Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes, and Jagadeesh Bayry
Subjects: Chemokine, Myeloid, biology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, Signal transducing adaptor protein, Dendritic cell, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokine, Rheumatology, Interferon, medicine, biology.protein, Immunology and Allergy, Pharmacology (medical), business, medicine.drug
Published: 2010
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38. Parameters that influence the prediction of epidemiological benefits of more-effective tuberculosis vaccines, drugs, and diagnosis

Author: Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes, Jagadeesh Bayry, Srini V. Kaveri, Mohan S. Maddur, and Janakiraman Vani
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Tuberculosis, biology, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Population, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Immunology, Global health, Medicine, business, Intensive care medicine, education, Tuberculosis vaccines, Cause of death
Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis, is a leading cause of death worldwide, killing an estimated 3 million people annually. An estimate of one-third of world's population is infected with tuberculosis bacilli. By using an age-structured mathematical model of tuberculosis, Abu-Raddad et al. (1) recently explored the potential benefits of novel interventions under development and those not yet in the portfolio, focusing on the WHO Southeast Asia region. Their model predicts that a triple combination of a portfolio vaccine, drug regimen, and diagnostics reduces the incidence of tuberculosis by 71%. Although we agree that novel regimens are expected to reduce tuberculosis incidence in the future, for the reasons discussed below, we believe that the proposed reductions in tuberculosis incidence is overestimated. The major drawback with the model is that the authors have considered only the latent infections as a parameter that may determine the sensitivity and uncertainty of the predictions. However, tuberculosis is a very complex disease and, in addition to host–pathogen parameters, one has to consider several socio-economic factors for modeling tuberculosis.
Published: 2009
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39. Immune response and viral persistence in Indian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia 1

Author: Subodh Kishore, Mohan S. Maddur, Nem Singh, M. R. Gajendragad, S. Gopalakrishna, and V. V. S. Suryanarayana
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Serotype, Immunoglobulin A, Buffaloes, viruses, animal diseases, Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology, Immunoglobulin G, Veterinary Immunology, Immune system, parasitic diseases, medicine, Concanavalin A, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Neutralizing antibody, biology, Foot-and-mouth disease, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Body Fluids, Immunoglobulin M, Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus, Foot-and-Mouth Disease, biology.protein, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Bubalus, Foot-and-mouth disease virus, Mitogens
Abstract: Despite their potential role in the spread of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), the immune response and viral persistence in FMD virus (FMDV)-infected Indian buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ) have been unexplored. We found similar kinetics of neutralizing antibody responses in the sera and secretory fluids of buffaloes following experimental FMDV Asia 1 infection, but the lymphocyte-proliferative response in infected buffaloes was of low magnitude. Despite inducing a significant systemic and secretory immune response, viral persistence seems to be a common outcome in buffaloes following FMDV Asia 1 infection, which is associated with a weak cellular immune response.
Published: 2009

40. Regulation of human dendritic cells by B cells depends on the signals they receive

Author: Srini V. Kaveri, Jagadeesh Bayry, and Mohan S. Maddur
Subjects: B-Lymphocytes, 0303 health sciences, CD40, biology, Immunology, Antigen presentation, Cell Communication, Dendritic Cells, Cell Biology, Hematology, Biochemistry, 3. Good health, Cell biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, biology.protein, Interleukin 12, Humans, Antibody, Cells, Cultured, Signal Transduction, 030304 developmental biology, 030215 immunology
Abstract: To the editor: B cells are classically known for producing antibodies. However, several reports also indicate that B cells are potent regulators of immune responses including those mediated by dendritic cells (DCs), although direct effect of B cells on DC was relatively unexplored.[1][1][⇓][2
Published: 2012
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41. World Rabies Day: a prime role for veterinarians in rabies control

Author: Mohan S. Maddur, Jagadeesh Bayry, and Srini V. Kaveri
Subjects: Disease reservoir, General Immunology and Microbiology, Biology, medicine.disease, Microbiology, Virology, Prime (order theory), World health, Infectious Diseases, Environmental health, medicine, Global health, Rabies, Rabies control, Endemic diseases
Published: 2010
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42. Erratum to: Comparative study of experimental foot-and-mouth disease in cattle (Bos indicus) and buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Author: Nem Singh, M. R. Gajendragad, S. Gopalakrishna, and Mohan S. Maddur
Subjects: Veterinary medicine, General Veterinary, Foot-and-mouth disease, medicine, General Medicine, Bubalus, Biology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification
Published: 2009
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43. Reasons to include viruses in the tree of life

Author: Srini V. Kaveri, Mohan S. Maddur, Jagadeesh Bayry, and Nagendra R. Hegde
Subjects: Infectious Diseases, General Immunology and Microbiology, Evolutionary biology, Phylogenetics, Tree of life (biology), MEDLINE, Zoology, Biology, Microbiology
Published: 2009
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44. Kinetics of immune response to foot-and-mouth disease virus (type Asia 1) in experimental cattle

Author: Mohan S, Maddur, M S, Mohan, M R, Gajendragad, Subodh, Kishore, S, Gopalakrishna, and Nem, Singh
Subjects: Male, Cattle Diseases, Antibodies, Viral, Neutralization, Virus, Statistics, Nonparametric, Immune system, Antigen, Neutralization Tests, medicine, Animals, Saliva, Immunity, Mucosal, Foot-and-mouth disease, biology, General Veterinary, Vaccination, Viral Vaccines, General Medicine, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus, Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Immunology, biology.protein, Cattle, Female, Antibody, Foot-and-mouth disease virus
Abstract: Humoral and mucosal (secretory antibody)immune response to FMDV type Asia 1 in cattle was analyzed after vaccination and infection using virus neutralizing test (VNT). Vaccination (1/16th the usual dose) failed to protect cattle from generalized clinical disease following experimental FMDV Asia 1 infection. Our results showed that infection induced higher and prolonged serum antibody titres indicating antigen mass is important for optimal immune response. Experimental FMDV infection induced significant secretory antibody (mucosal) response in cattle. Though, there was no difference in the serum antibody response between the cattle that developed generalized infection (unprotected) and those with only localized infection (protected), secretory antibody response differed, wherein the unprotected cattle had higher secretory response than protected cattle. Thus, FMDV Asia 1 infection stimulates a similar serum antibody response and a unique secretory antibody response among the infected cattle.
Published: 2009
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