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4. A multi-indicator approach to compare the sustainability of organic vs. integrated management of grape production

Author

Castaldi Simona, Formicola Nicola, Mastrocicco Micol, Morales Rodríguez Carmen, Morelli Raffaella, Prodorutti Daniele, Vannini Andrea, and Zanzotti Roberto

Subjects
Carbon footprint, Nitrogen footprint, Water footprint, Biodiversity, Soil carbon, Vineyard, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Sustainable agricultural practices are increasingly becoming a strategic asset for global and national environmental policies and economy. A big challenge is the selection of appropriate indicators to describe the complexity of the agroecosystem management. In the present work, the sustainability of grape production, in vineyard trials of Pinot blanc and Rhine Riesling, managed with integrated (INT) and organic management (organic, with cattle manure ORG1 and organic with green manure ORG2), was compared using a multi-indicator approach. The experiment was set in 2011 (1.5 ha in Trento, Italy) and carbon footprint (CF), nitrogen footprint (NF), water footprint (WF), soil microbial diversity (alpha diversity of bacteria, fungi, oomycetes communities) and soil C stock change, were evaluated in 2018. The CF was 0.213—0.227 kg CO2-eq/kg in the INT, 0.144—0.168 kg CO2-eq/kg in ORG1 and 0.134—0.147 kg CO2-eq/kg in ORG2. The NF was around 1 g Nr/kg for the INT, 0.4 g Nr/kg for ORG1 and 0.5 g Nr/kg for ORG2. The WF, excluding the pesticides impact on grey water, was 666—708 L/kg for INT, 605—655 L/kg for ORG1 and 529—580 L/kg for ORG2. The impact of farming practices on soil microbial alpha diversity showed no significant difference among treatments for oomycetes and significantly higher indexes for fungi and bacteria in the ORG1, with INT and ORG2, being similar. No difference in bulk organic C were observed among treatments. Overall, the multi-indicator approach allowed to demonstrate that the organic management was more beneficial for most of the environmental spheres of the agroecosystem compared to integrated management, without affecting the grape yield.

Published
2024
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5. Relationships between rhizosphere microbiota and forest health conditions in Pinus pinaster stands at the Iberian Peninsula

Author

Morales Rodríguez, Carmen and Morales Rodríguez, Carmen

Abstract

Producción Científica, Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) is a Mediterranean forest tree species of great ecological importance within the European Union and the Iberian Peninsula in particular, whose presence is seriously threatened by forest decline. Knowledge of the diversity, abundance, and functionality of rhizospheric microorganisms can provide important information in the design of new strategies for sustainable forest management against forest decline. In this work, rhizospheric samples were collected from representative pine forests in the region of Castilla y León (North-western Spain) (in 10 municipalities of 5 different provinces), analyzing different physicochemical parameters and bacterial and fungal biodiversity (by metabarcoding). In addition, different variables of tree health and climatic conditions were analyzed. The main phylum of microorganisms found in the rhizosphere of P. pinaster were the Ascomycota (54.5 %) and Acidobacteria (16.4 %) in fungi and bacteria, respectively. A clear relationship was found between the presence/absence of certain bacterial and fungal groups (taxonomic and functional) and the presence/absence of healthy/sick trees. Specifically, the fungal genus Umbelopsis and the bacterial genus Paenibacillus were thought as possible control agents of decline, as their presence was related to the absence of disease. Understanding the relationships between rhizosphere microbiota and forest health parameters in Pinus pinaster can be only achieved by exploring the complex ‘ecosystem microbiome’ and its functioning using focused, integrative microbiological and ecological research performed across multiple habitats.

Published
2024

8. Potential interactions between invasive Fusarium circinatum and other pine pathogens in Europe

Author

European Commission, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Elvira Recuenco, Margarita [0000-0001-6749-3346], Cacciola, Santa Olga [0000-0001-7926-3601], Sanz-Ros, Antonio V. [0000-0002-4791-8308], Garbelotto, Matteo [0000-0001-9737-0128], Aguayo, Jaime [0000-0002-7552-0655], Solla, A. [0000-0002-2596-1612], Mullett, M. [0000-0002-6013-0347], Drenkhan, Tiia [0000-0001-9865-2549], Oskay, F. [0000-0002-8918-5595], Kaya, Ayse Gülden Aday [0000-0002-5631-6026], Iturritxa, Eugenia [0000-0002-6390-5873], Cleary, M. [0000-0002-0318-5974], Witzell, Johanna [0000-0003-1741-443X], Georgieva, M. [0000-0003-3165-1992], Papazova-Anakieva, Irena [0000-0002-7260-4685], Chira, Danut [0000-0002-7402-4975], Paraschiv, Marius [0000-0001-6916-8600], Musolin, Dmitry L. [0000-0002-3913-3674], Selikhovkin, Andrey V. [0000-0003-4227-9647], Varentsova, Elena Yu [0000-0002-4616-2289], Adamčikova, K. [0000-0001-5407-5233], Markovskaja, S. [0000-0003-3111-6949], Mesanza, Nebai [0000-0002-1578-9193], Davydenko, K. [0000-0001-6077-8533], Capretti, P. [0000-0002-1893-9871], Scanu, Bruno [0000-0002-0690-580X], Gonthier, Paolo [0000-0002-7242-8239], Tsopelas, Panaghiotis [0000-0002-7853-4534], Martín-García, Jorge [0000-0002-3057-3710], Morales-Rodríguez, Carmen [0000-0002-2971-2840], Lehtijärvi, Asko [0000-0002-0367-0849], Lehtijärvi, H. Tugba Dogmus [0000-0002-1050-8823], Oszako, Tomasz [0000-0003-4688-2582], Nowakowska, Justyna A. [0000-0001-5863-053X], Bragança, H. [0000-0002-7957-5493], Fernández-Fernández, Mercedes M. [0000-0002-1646-5027], Hantula, Jarkko [0000-0002-1016-0636], Díez, Julio Javier [0000-0003-0558-8141], Elvira Recuenco, Margarita, Cacciola, Santa Olga, Sanz-Ros, Antonio V., Garbelotto, Matteo, Aguayo, Jaime, Solla, A., Mullett, M., Drenkhan, Tiia, Oskay, F., Kaya, Ayse Gülden Aday, Iturritxa, Eugenia, Cleary, M., Witzell, Johanna, Georgieva, M., Papazova-Anakieva, Irena, Chira, Danut, Paraschiv, Marius, Musolin, Dmitry L., Selikhovkin, Andrey V., Varentsova, Elena Yu, Adamčikova, K., Markovskaja, S., Mesanza, Nebai, Davydenko, K., Capretti, P., Scanu, Bruno, Gonthier, Paolo, Tsopelas, Panaghiotis, Martín-García, Jorge, Morales-Rodríguez, Carmen, Lehtijärvi, Asko, Lehtijärvi, H. Tugba Dogmus, Oszako, Tomasz, Nowakowska, Justyna A., Bragança, H., Fernández-Fernández, Mercedes M., Hantula, Jarkko, Díez, Julio Javier, European Commission, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Elvira Recuenco, Margarita [0000-0001-6749-3346], Cacciola, Santa Olga [0000-0001-7926-3601], Sanz-Ros, Antonio V. [0000-0002-4791-8308], Garbelotto, Matteo [0000-0001-9737-0128], Aguayo, Jaime [0000-0002-7552-0655], Solla, A. [0000-0002-2596-1612], Mullett, M. [0000-0002-6013-0347], Drenkhan, Tiia [0000-0001-9865-2549], Oskay, F. [0000-0002-8918-5595], Kaya, Ayse Gülden Aday [0000-0002-5631-6026], Iturritxa, Eugenia [0000-0002-6390-5873], Cleary, M. [0000-0002-0318-5974], Witzell, Johanna [0000-0003-1741-443X], Georgieva, M. [0000-0003-3165-1992], Papazova-Anakieva, Irena [0000-0002-7260-4685], Chira, Danut [0000-0002-7402-4975], Paraschiv, Marius [0000-0001-6916-8600], Musolin, Dmitry L. [0000-0002-3913-3674], Selikhovkin, Andrey V. [0000-0003-4227-9647], Varentsova, Elena Yu [0000-0002-4616-2289], Adamčikova, K. [0000-0001-5407-5233], Markovskaja, S. [0000-0003-3111-6949], Mesanza, Nebai [0000-0002-1578-9193], Davydenko, K. [0000-0001-6077-8533], Capretti, P. [0000-0002-1893-9871], Scanu, Bruno [0000-0002-0690-580X], Gonthier, Paolo [0000-0002-7242-8239], Tsopelas, Panaghiotis [0000-0002-7853-4534], Martín-García, Jorge [0000-0002-3057-3710], Morales-Rodríguez, Carmen [0000-0002-2971-2840], Lehtijärvi, Asko [0000-0002-0367-0849], Lehtijärvi, H. Tugba Dogmus [0000-0002-1050-8823], Oszako, Tomasz [0000-0003-4688-2582], Nowakowska, Justyna A. [0000-0001-5863-053X], Bragança, H. [0000-0002-7957-5493], Fernández-Fernández, Mercedes M. [0000-0002-1646-5027], Hantula, Jarkko [0000-0002-1016-0636], Díez, Julio Javier [0000-0003-0558-8141], Elvira Recuenco, Margarita, Cacciola, Santa Olga, Sanz-Ros, Antonio V., Garbelotto, Matteo, Aguayo, Jaime, Solla, A., Mullett, M., Drenkhan, Tiia, Oskay, F., Kaya, Ayse Gülden Aday, Iturritxa, Eugenia, Cleary, M., Witzell, Johanna, Georgieva, M., Papazova-Anakieva, Irena, Chira, Danut, Paraschiv, Marius, Musolin, Dmitry L., Selikhovkin, Andrey V., Varentsova, Elena Yu, Adamčikova, K., Markovskaja, S., Mesanza, Nebai, Davydenko, K., Capretti, P., Scanu, Bruno, Gonthier, Paolo, Tsopelas, Panaghiotis, Martín-García, Jorge, Morales-Rodríguez, Carmen, Lehtijärvi, Asko, Lehtijärvi, H. Tugba Dogmus, Oszako, Tomasz, Nowakowska, Justyna A., Bragança, H., Fernández-Fernández, Mercedes M., Hantula, Jarkko, and Díez, Julio Javier

Abstract

Pines are major components of native forests and plantations in Europe, where they have both economic significance and an important ecological role. Diseases of pines are mainly caused by fungal and oomycete pathogens, and can significantly reduce the survival, vigor, and yield of both individual trees and entire stands or plantations. Pine pitch canker (PPC), caused by Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O'Donnell), is among the most devastating pine diseases in the world, and is an example of an emergent invasive disease in Europe. The effects of microbial interactions on plant health, as well as the possible roles plant microbiomes may have in disease expression, have been the focus of several recent studies. Here, we describe the possible effects of co-infection with pathogenic fungi and oomycetes with F. circinatum on the health of pine seedlings and mature plants, in an attempt to expand our understanding of the role that biotic interactions may play in the future of PPC disease in European nurseries and forests. The available information on pine pathogens that are able to co-occur with F. circinatum in Europe is here reviewed and interpreted to theoretically predict the effects of such co-occurrences on pine survival, growth, and yield. Beside the awareness that F. circinatum may co-occurr on pines with other pathogens, an additional outcome from this review is an updating of the literature, including the so-called grey literature, to document the geographical distribution of the relevant pathogens and to facilitate differential diagnoses, particularly in nurseries, where some of them may cause symptoms similar to those induced by F. circinatum. An early and accurate diagnosis of F. circinatum, a pathogen that has been recently introduced and that is currently regulated in Europe, is essential to prevent its introduction and spread in plantings and forests.

Published
2020

11. Potential Interactions between Invasive Fusarium circinatum and Other Pine Pathogens in Europe

Author

Elvira-Recuenco, Margarita, primary, Cacciola, Santa Olga, additional, Sanz-Ros, Antonio V., additional, Garbelotto, Matteo, additional, Aguayo, Jaime, additional, Solla, Alejandro, additional, Mullett, Martin, additional, Drenkhan, Tiia, additional, Oskay, Funda, additional, Aday Kaya, Ayşe Gülden, additional, Iturritxa, Eugenia, additional, Cleary, Michelle, additional, Witzell, Johanna, additional, Georgieva, Margarita, additional, Papazova-Anakieva, Irena, additional, Chira, Danut, additional, Paraschiv, Marius, additional, Musolin, Dmitry L., additional, Selikhovkin, Andrey V., additional, Varentsova, Elena Yu., additional, Adamčíková, Katarina, additional, Markovskaja, Svetlana, additional, Mesanza, Nebai, additional, Davydenko, Kateryna, additional, Capretti, Paolo, additional, Scanu, Bruno, additional, Gonthier, Paolo, additional, Tsopelas, Panaghiotis, additional, Martín-García, Jorge, additional, Morales-Rodríguez, Carmen, additional, Lehtijärvi, Asko, additional, Doğmuş Lehtijärvi, H. Tuğba, additional, Oszako, Tomasz, additional, Nowakowska, Justyna Anna, additional, Bragança, Helena, additional, Fernández-Fernández, Mercedes, additional, Hantula, Jarkko, additional, and Díez, Julio J., additional

Published
2019
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12. Pine Pitch Canker and Insects: Regional Risks, Environmental Regulation, and Practical Management Options

Author

Fernández-Fernández, Mercedes, primary, Naves, Pedro, additional, Musolin, Dmitry L., additional, Selikhovkin, Andrey V., additional, Cleary, Michelle, additional, Chira, Danut, additional, Paraschiv, Marius, additional, Gordon, Tom, additional, Solla, Alejandro, additional, Papazova-Anakieva, Irena, additional, Drenkhan, Tiia, additional, Georgieva, Margarita, additional, Altunisik, Aliye, additional, Morales-Rodríguez, Carmen, additional, Tabaković-Tošić, Mara, additional, Avtzis, Dimitrios N., additional, Georgiev, Georgi, additional, Doychev, Danail D., additional, Nacheski, Sterja, additional, Trestic, Tarik, additional, Elvira-Recuenco, Margarita, additional, Diez, Julio J., additional, and Witzell, Johanna, additional

Published
2019
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13. Forewarned is forearmed: harmonized approaches for early detection of potentially invasive pests and pathogens in sentinel plantings

Author

Morales-Rodríguez, Carmen, primary, Anslan, Sten, additional, Auger-Rozenberg, Marie-Anne, additional, Augustin, Sylvie, additional, Baranchikov, Yuri, additional, Bellahirech, Amani, additional, Burokienė, Daiva, additional, Čepukoit, Dovilė, additional, Çota, Ejup, additional, Davydenko, Kateryna, additional, Doğmuş Lehtijärvi, H. Tuğba, additional, Drenkhan, Rein, additional, Drenkhan, Tiia, additional, Eschen, René, additional, Franić, Iva, additional, Glavendekić, Milka, additional, de Groot, Maarten, additional, Kacprzyk, Magdalena, additional, Kenis, Marc, additional, Kirichenko, Natalia, additional, Matsiakh, Iryna, additional, Musolin, Dmitry L., additional, Nowakowska, Justyna A., additional, O’Hanlon, Richard, additional, Prospero, Simone, additional, Roques, Alain, additional, Santini, Alberto, additional, Talgø , Venche, additional, Tedersoo, Leho, additional, Uimari, Anne, additional, Vannini, Andrea, additional, Witzell, Johanna, additional, Woodward, Steve, additional, Zambounis, Antonios, additional, and Cleary, Michelle, additional

Published
2019
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15. La comunidad política en cuanto organización: sobre la realidad nacional

Author

Morales Rodríguez, Carmen

Subjects
particularismo, idea, insularidad, regionalismo, determinismo, región, sentimientos, idiosincrasia, nacionalismo, lejanía, Nación, historia, unidad
Abstract

Acercamiento a los conceptos de Nación y Nacionalismo. Estudiando el origen del término nación, así como su evolución en la historia. Durante años fueron los historiadores los encargados de estudiar este fenómeno social que nosotros los sociólogos y politólogos consideramos que es una parcela correspondiente a nuestra área de estudio. Analizaremos la nación fruto de un producto histórico y aprenderemos los conceptos de insularidad y lejanía como factores dentro del nacionalismo canario. Además del término región y regionalismo como hecho multidimensional. Prestaremos especial atención a la obra de Ortega y Gasset, así como a los mensajes del rey Juan Carlos i y de Felipe vi, todos en la línea de la unidad de España y en la idea de que nosotros somos nación. Approach to the concepts of nation and nationalism. Studying the origin of the term nation and its evolution in history. For years historians were responsible for study this social phenomenon that we sociologists and political scientists consider it a plot corresponding to our study area. Analyze the result of a historical product nation and learn the concepts of insularity and remoteness as factors within the canary nationalism. Besides the term as multidimensional region and regionalism made. Pay special attention to the work of Ortega y Gasset and messages of King Juan Carlos i and Philip vi everyone in the line unit Spain and the idea that we are a nation.

Published
2016

16. The Political Community as Organization: On National Reality

Author

Morales Rodríguez, Carmen

Subjects
particularismo, idea, insularidad, regionalismo, determinismo, región, sentimientos, idiosincrasia, nacionalismo, lejanía, Nación, historia, unidad
Abstract

Acercamiento a los conceptos de Nación y Nacionalismo. Estudiando el origen del término nación, así como su evolución en la historia. Durante años fueron los historiadores los encargados de estudiar este fenómeno social que nosotros los sociólogos y politólogos consideramos que es una parcela correspondiente a nuestra área de estudio. Analizaremos la nación fruto de un producto histórico y aprenderemos los conceptos de insularidad y lejanía como factores dentro del nacionalismo canario. Además del término región y regionalismo como hecho multidimensional. Prestaremos especial atención a la obra de Ortega y Gasset, así como a los mensajes del rey Juan Carlos i y de Felipe vi, todos en la línea de la unidad de España y en la idea de que nosotros somos nación. Approach to the concepts of nation and nationalism. Studying the origin of the term nation and its evolution in history. For years historians were responsible for study this social phenomenon that we sociologists and political scientists consider it a plot corresponding to our study area. Analyze the result of a historical product nation and learn the concepts of insularity and remoteness as factors within the canary nationalism. Besides the term as multidimensional region and regionalism made. Pay special attention to the work of Ortega y Gasset and messages of King Juan Carlos i and Philip vi everyone in the line unit Spain and the idea that we are a nation.

Published
2016

18. Application of Trichoderma spp. Complex and Biofumigation to Control Damping-Off of Pinus radiata D. Don Caused by Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg and O’Donnell.

Author

Morales-Rodríguez, Carmen, Bastianelli, Giorgia, Aleandri, MariaPia, Chilosi, Gabriele, and Vannini, Andrea

Subjects
BIOLOGICAL control of fungi, PINUS radiata, TRICHODERMA, FUSARIUM, SEEDLINGS
Abstract

The damping-off of Pinus radiata D.Don by Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg and O’Donnell represents a limiting factor in nursery production, while seed contamination with the pathogen is one of the main pathways of the pathogen movement between areas. Chemical and physical treatments have been applied with encouraging results and some limitations. In the present study, biocontrol of damping-off by F. circinatum is proposed with Trichoderma spp. complex showing complementary antagonism and biofumigation with commercial Brassica carinata A. Braun pellets with biocidal effect. Experiments were conducted in vitro and in vivo using batches of P. radiata seeds and two F. circinatum isolates. Results were highly positive, showing an excellent efficacy of a combination of Trichoderma spp. in a single preparation to reduce significantly the mortality of P. radiata seedlings in seeds bed experiment. Biofumigation with B. carinata pellets also showed efficacy in controlling the F. circinatum inoculum and reducing seed mortality in inoculated seed batches although showing some phytotoxic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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