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The present study was proposed to investigate the brain injury under acute hypobaric hypoxia following alteration in mRNA expression and stress markers in a time-dependent manner. SD clean graded male rats were randomly divided into four groups for this experimental brain injury, the control group at Xining (altitude, 2270m) and hypoxia treatment groups with different time exposure day1, day2, and day3 at (altitude, 7000m) in a hypobaric chamber. After day3 exposure, the brain tissues were collected. The level of mRNA expression of VEGF and HIF1-α was assessed using qRT-PCR. The oxidative stress level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined with commercial kits. AHH with time duration significantly increased the MDA level and decreased in the activity of SOD was seen in all hypoxia treated groups as compared to the control (P< 0.001). The mRNA expression level of HIF1-α and VEGF in day1, day2, and day3 AHH groups was markedly raised when it is compared to control (P< 0.05). Ultimately, in conclusion, such results indicate that AHH stimulates oxidative stress induces brain damage in rats. Keywords: Acute hypobaric hypoxia, Brain injury, HIF-1α, Oxidative stress.

The preparation of sunblocks with dispersion stability, ultraviolet blocking, and photocompatibility remains a considerable challenge. Plant-derived natural polymers, such as cellulose nanofibers (CNF), show versatile traits, including long aspect ratio, hydrophilic nature, resource abundance, and low material cost. In the present study, a facile and cost-effective strategy is reported for the fabrication of nanostructured inorganic materials by incorporating natural polymers as interspersed, systematically nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO

Water pollution via hazardous organic pollutants poses a high threat to the environment and globally imperils aquatic life and human health. Therefore, the elimination of toxic organic waste from water sources is vital to ensure a healthy green environment. In the current work, we synthesized α-MnO2-Fe3O4 3D-flower like structure using a two-step hydrothermal method and explored the combination in a visible-light-assisted photocatalytic degrdation of dyes. The attained high specific surface area of 82 m2/g with mesoporous nature of α-MnO2 and Fe3O4 together can generate more active sites after exposure to visible light, leading to remarkable photodegradation performance. Significantly, twofold higher dye (methylene blue, MB (94.8%/120 min; crystal violet, CV (93.7%/120 min)) and drug (LVO 91%/90 min) photodegradations were observed with α-MnO2-Fe3O4 as catalyst than pure α-MnO2 and Fe3O4 at pH 6, respectively. This is attributed to the higher surface area and synergistic effect between Mn and Fe. More than 85% stability was observed with optimized catalysts employing MB and CV dyes, demonstrating the excellent reusability of the α-MnO2-Fe3O4. The underlying mechanism indicates that the formation of reactive oxygen species predominantly plays a role in the photodegradation of dyes under visible light. Consequently, these new insights will shed light on the practical applications of the α-MnO2-Fe3O4 3D-flower-like spherical structure for eco-friendly remediation via wastewater treatment.

With a large and increasing elderly population, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Multiple sclerosis (MS) have become a major and growing health problem. During the past few decades, the elderly population has grown 2.5 % every year. Unfortunately, there are no specific therapeutic remedies available to slow the onset or development of these diseases. An aging brain causes many pathophysiological changes and is the major risk factor for most of the neurodegenerative disorders. Polyphenolic compounds such as flavonols have shown therapeutic potential and can contribute to the treatment of these diseases. In this review, evidence for the beneficial neuroprotective effect of multiple flavonols is discussed and their multifactorial cellular pathways for the progressions of age-associated brain changes are identified. Moreover, the animal models of these diseases support the neuroprotective effect and target the potential of flavonols in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.