3 results on '"Ouerchefani, Naoufel"'
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2. Surgical Management for Dystonia: Efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation in the Long Term
- Author
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Kamel, Walaa A., Majumdar, Pritam, Matis, Georgios, Fenoy, Albert J., Balakrishnan, Shankar, Zirh, Ali T., Cevik, Aslihan, Tomar, Amit Kumar, Ouerchefani, Naoufel, Kamel, Walaa A., Majumdar, Pritam, Matis, Georgios, Fenoy, Albert J., Balakrishnan, Shankar, Zirh, Ali T., Cevik, Aslihan, Tomar, Amit Kumar, and Ouerchefani, Naoufel
- Abstract
Introduction: Dystonia is a movement disorder substantially affecting the quality of life. Botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT) is used intramuscularly as a treatment for dystonia; however, not all dystonia patients respond to this treatment. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor, but it can help in dystonia as well. Objectives: We studied a total of 67 dystonia patients who were treated with DBS over a period of 7 years to find out the long-term efficacy of DBS in those patients. First, we calculated patient improvement in post-surgery follow-up programs using the Global Dystonia Severity scale (GDS) and Burke-Fahn-Marsden dystonia rating scale (BFMDRS). Secondly, we analyzed the scales scores to see if there was any statistical significance. Methods: In our study we analyzed patients with ages from 38 to 78 years with dystonia who underwent DBS surgery between January 2014 and December 2020 in four different centers (India, Kuwait, Egypt, and Turkey). The motor response to DBS surgery was retrospectively measured for each patient during every follow-up visit using the GDS and the BFMDRS scales. Results: Five to 7 years post-DBS, the mean reduction in the GDS score was 30 +/- 1.0 and for the BFMDRS score 26 +/- 1.0. The longitudinal change in scores at 12 and 24 months post-op was also significant with mean reductions in GDS and BFMDRS scores of 68 +/- 1.0 and 56 +/- 1.0, respectively. The p-values were <0.05 for our post-DBS dystonia patients. Conclusions: This study illustrates DBS is an established, effective treatment option for patients with different dystonias, such as generalized, cervical, and various brain pathology-induced dystonias. Although symptoms are not completely eliminated, continuous improvements are noticed throughout the post-stimulation time frame.
- Published
- 2021
3. Neuro-cognitive correlates of alexithymia in patients with circumscribed prefrontal cortex damage
- Author
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Ouerchefani Naoufel, Ouerchefani Riadh, Didier Le Gall, Mohamed Riadh Ben Rejeb, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Population ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Context (language use) ,Neuropsychological Tests ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Toronto Alexithymia Scale ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,Executive Function ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Alexithymia ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Affective Symptoms ,Prefrontal cortex ,education ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,05 social sciences ,Neuropsychology ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,Executive functions ,medicine.disease ,Female ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Alexithymia has been extensively reported in studies of psychiatric patients. However, little attention has been paid regarding its occurrence in the context of patients with circumscribed prefrontal cortex lesions. Moreover, the neuro-cognitive impairments that lead to alexithymia remain unclear and limited numbers of studies have addressed these issues. The authors investigated the impact of prefrontal cortex lesions on alexithymia and its neuro-cognitive correlates in a population of 20 patients with focal frontal lesions, 10 patients with parietal lesions and 34 matched control participants. Alexithymia was screened using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and executive functions were assessed using a large battery of executive tasks that address inhibition, flexibility and the planning process. Results showed that patients with prefrontal cortex damage showed significantly increased difficulty in facets of identifying feelings (DIF) and externally oriented thinking (EOT) on TAS-20, compared to parietal patients and control participants. Moreover, both correlation and regression analysis revealed that higher alexithymia levels on the three facets of TAS-20 were consistently but differentially associated with impairment in inhibition, flexibility and planning tasks for frontal patients and both control groups. These findings provide clinical evidence of the implication of prefrontal cortex damage and executive control in alexithymia. Our results were also discussed in the light of the cognitive appraisal concept as a mechanism involved in emotion episode processing. This study suggests that increased neuropsychological attention should be directed to the relation between the neuro-cognitive model of executive functions and cognitive appraisal theory in processing emotion.
- Published
- 2019
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