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1. GROWTH, LEAF WATER POTENTIAL, PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS, COMPATIBLE SOLUTES AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN COWPEA LANDRACES UNDER SALINITY

Author

Nabi Fahima, Şadji-Ait Kaci Hamida, Chebaani Meriem, Chaker Haddadj Assia, and Ounane Sidi Mohamed

Subjects
cowpea, salinity, growth, yield, leaf water potential, proline, sugar, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Soil salinity is a major constraint to food production because it limits crop yield. In this study, effect of applied NaCl on growth, proline, sugar content, leaf water potential, photosynthetic pigment concentrations and components of yield of five cowpea plant (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) P1, P7, P13, P17 and P23was investigated. The experiment was carried out in pots under glasshouse at École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Algeria during 2023. The soil used was irrigated with NaCl and the rates of 1.93, 3.8, 4.7 and 6.0. dS m-1 NaCl. Salt stress was started 20 days after the start of the experiment and during 2 months. Growth (height, number of leaves and leaf area) and yield (number of pods / plant, length of pods / plant, weight of 100 seeds and number of seeds / pods) of the cowpea plants was inhibited by salinity. Application of NaCl significantly decreased leaf water potential, photosynthetic pigment (such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid). However, it could stimulate traits that could lead to the survival of cowpea plant in saline environment due to proline and sugar accumulations that increased as a result of salt stress. However, the effects vary depending on the level of salt and the population concerned. P1, P7 and P17 were less affected by salt than the sensitive cultivars P13 and P17.Our results suggests that the NaCl tolerance of this cultivars is supported by better yield, the less pigment and leaf water potential and a higher osmotic adjustment.

Published
2024
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3. The effect of intercropping on the efficiency of faba bean - rhizobial symbiosis and durum wheat soil-nitrogen acquisition in a Mediterranean agroecosystem

Author

KACI, Ghiles, primary, BLAVET, Didier, additional, BENLAHRECH, Samia, additional, KOUAKOUA, Ernest, additional, COUDERC, Petra, additional, DELEPORTE, Philippe, additional, DESCLAUX, Dominique, additional, LATATI, Mourad, additional, PANSU, Marc, additional, DREVON, Jean-Jacques, additional, and OUNANE, Sidi Mohamed, additional

Published
2018
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4. The effect of intercropping on the efficiency of faba bean – rhizobial symbiosis and durum wheat soil-nitrogen acquisition in a Mediterranean agroecosystem

Author

Kaci, Ghiles, Blavet, Didier, Benlahrech, Samira, Kouakoua, Ernest, Couderc, Petra, Deleporte, Philippe, Desclaux, Dominique, Latati, Mourad, Pansu, Marc Antoine, Drevon, Jean Jacques, Ounane, Sidi Mohamed, Kaci, Ghiles, Blavet, Didier, Benlahrech, Samira, Kouakoua, Ernest, Couderc, Petra, Deleporte, Philippe, Desclaux, Dominique, Latati, Mourad, Pansu, Marc Antoine, Drevon, Jean Jacques, and Ounane, Sidi Mohamed

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the rhizobial symbiosis and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) accumulations in soil and plants in intercropping versus sole cropping in biennial rotation of a cereal – durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), and a N2-fixing legume – faba bean (Vicia faba L.) over a three-year period at the INRA (National Institue of Agronomic Research) experimental station in the Mauguio district, south-east of Montpellier, France. Plant growth, nodulation and efficiency in the use of rhizobial symbiosis (EURS) for the legume, nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) for the cereal, and N and C accumulation in the soil were evaluated. Shoot dry weight (SDW) and NNI were significantly higher for intercropped than for the sole cropped wheat whereas there was no significant difference on SDW between the intercropped and sole cropped faba beans. EURS was higher in intercropped than in sole cropped faba bean. Furthermore, by comparison with a weeded fallow, there was a significant increase in soil C and N content over the three-year period of intercropping and sole cropping within the biennial rotation. It is concluded that intercropping increases the N nutrition of wheat by increasing the availability of soil-N for wheat. This increase may be due to a lower interspecific competition between legume and wheat than intra-specific competition between wheat plants, thanks to the compensation that the legume can achieve by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen.

Published
2018

5. Variability of N2 fixation in cowpea under phosphorus deficiency is related to phosphorus use efficiency

Author

Lazali, Mohamed, Brahimi, S, Ounane, Sidi Mohamed, Drevon, Jean-Jacques, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Département d’Agronomie, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre, Université de Djilali Bounaama Khemis Miliana (univ-DBKM), Département de Productions Végétales, École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie [Alger] (ENSA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie Alger (ENSA), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
Vegetal Biology, vigna unguiculata, carence en phosphore, food and beverages, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, nodulation, phosphore du sol, fixation symbiotique de l'azote, biomasse aérienne, Biologie végétale, variabilité genotypique
Abstract

Low availability of phosphorus (P) is a major constraint to legume production, and efforts are being made to identify legume genotypes with tolerance to low P and greater P use efficiency (PUE). Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) genotypes vary in their adaptation to low-P soils. In order to investigate to what extent this variation may be related to PUE for symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF), five genotypes, Adrar, El Kala, Djenet, Tizi Ouzou and Bejaia, were grown in semihydroponic culture with sufficient versus deficient P supply. At the flowering stage, the biomass of plants and nodules and their P contents was determined after measuring the quantity of N2 fixed. The results showed that nodule and shoot biomass were less when P was deficient. The genotypes that presented the maximum growth during the experiment presented a high efficiency in use of the rhizobial symbiosis calculated as the slope of plant biomass regression as a function of nodulation. Under P-deficiency, efficiency in use of P for SNF was significantly increased in the genotypes El Kala, Djenet and Adrar and accompanied with an increase of the efficiency in use of the rhizobial symbiosis. Hence the large differences show that traits for more P uptake-efficient plants exist in the tested cowpea genotypes. This opens the possibility to breed for more P uptakeefficient varieties as a way to bring more sparingly soluble soil P into cycling in crop production and obtain capitalisation of soil P reserves.

Published
2016

6. Diagnostic nodulaire des lignées contrastantes du haricot commun (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) dans un réseau de parcelles dans la région de Tizi Ouzou

Author

Alkama, Nora, Latati, Mourad, Lazali, Mohamed, Ounane, Sidi Mohamed, Drevon, Jean-Jacques, Jaillard, Benoît, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Département des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Mouloud Mammeri [Tizi Ouzou] (UMMTO), Laboratoire d'Amélioration Intégrative des Productions Végétales (LAIPV), École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie [Alger] (ENSA), Université de Djilali Bounaama Khemis Miliana (univ-DBKM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Laboratoire d'Amélioration Intégrative des Productions Végétales, École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie Alger (ENSA), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
pea beans, expérimentation multilocale, azote atmosphérique, Vegetal Biology, phaseolus vulgaris, algérie, haricot commun, multilocal experiment, mineral nitrogen, azote minéral, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, nodulation, propriété du sol, biomasse aérienne, Biologie végétale
Abstract

Diagnostic nodulaire des lignées contrastantes du haricot commun ([i]Phaseolus vulgaris[/i] L.) dans un réseau de parcelles dans la région de Tizi Ouzou. Conférence internationale : les symbioses végétales et leurs applications biotechnologiques, agronomiques et environnementales

Published
2016

7. Genotypic variability in nodule phosphatases activities among common bean RILs under phosphorus deficiency

Author

Lazali, Mohamed, Amenc, Laurie, Benadis, Chahinez, Abadie, Josiane, Pernot, Catherine, Ounane, Sidi Mohamed, Drevon, Jean-Jacques, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Faculté Sciences Nature, Vie & Sciences de la Terre, Université de Djilali Bounaama Khemis Miliana (univ-DBKM), Labo de Production Végétale, Phytotechnie, École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie [Alger] (ENSA), Fabatropimed, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
nodule, N2-fixing, phytase, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], phaseolus vulgaris, FBPase, Common bean, RILs, transcript, phosphore
Abstract

Although interesting studies on N2-fixing legumes have demonstrated the contribution of acid phosphatases (APase) in their phosphorus use efficiency, it is still poorly understood how these enzymes are affected and distributed in bean nodules under P-deficiency. In this study, nodules of six Recombinant Inbred Lines of common bean; RILs 115, 104 and 34 (P-tolerant) and 147, 83 and 29 (P-sensitive) were induced by Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 under hydroaeroponic culture with sufficient (250 μmol P plant−1 week−1) versus deficient (75 μmol P plant−1 week−1) P supply. Phytase and Fructose 1-6 bi-phosphate phosphatase (FBPase) activities were assayed within nodules in which O2 permeability was measured. Our results showed that plant growth, nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation were significantly affected by P- deficiency for all RILs, but this adverse effect was more pronounced in the RILs 147 and 83. For all RILs, the enzymes activities were significantly increased by P- deficiency, but the RILs 115, 104 and 34 maintained higher values as compared to the RILs 147, 83 and 29. Differential tissues-specific expression of phytase transcripts within nodules was detected particularly in infected zone and cortical cells. Additionally, the increased of phytase (35%) and FBPase (49%) enzyme activities under P-deficiency was associated to an increase in efficiency of the rhizobial symbiosis that was positively correlated to an increase in nodule O2 permeability. In conclusion, the variations of APase and phytase activities in nodules depend on genotype and can greatly influence the internal utilization of P, which might result in low P soil tolerance in N2-fixing legumes.

Published
2014

9. Species Interactions Improve Above-Ground Biomass and Land Use Efficiency in Intercropped Wheat and Chickpea under Low Soil Inputs.

Author

Latati, Mourad, Dokukin, Peter, Aouiche, Adel, Rebouh, Nazih Yacer, Takouachet, Riad, Hafnaoui, Elalia, Hamdani, Fatima Zohra, Bacha, Fadila, and Ounane, Sidi Mohamed

Subjects
INTERCROPPING, PLANT biomass, DURUM wheat, EMMER wheat, CHICKPEA, LAND use, BIOMASS, SPECIES
Abstract

Little is known about how the performance of legumes symbiosis affects biomass and nutrient accumulation by intercropped cereals under the field condition. To assess the agricultural services of an intercropping system; durum wheat (Triticum turgidum durum L.cv. VITRON) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.cv. FLIP 90/13 C) were cultivated as both intercrops and sole cropping during two growing seasons under the field trial, to compare plant biomass, nodulation, N and phosphorus (P) uptake, and N nutrition index. Both the above-ground biomass and grain yield and consequently, the amount of N taken up by intercropped durum wheat increased significantly (44%, 48%, and 30%, respectively) compared with sole cropping during the two seasons. However, intercropping decreased P uptake by both durum wheat and chickpea. The efficiency in use of rhizobial symbiosis (EURS) for intercropped chickpea was significantly higher than for chickpea grown as sole cropping. The intercropped chickpea considerably increased N (49%) and P (75%) availability in durum wheat rhizosphere. In the case of chickpea shoot, the N nutrition (defined by the ratio between actual and critical N uptake by crop) and acquisition were higher in intercropping during only the first year of cropping. Moreover, biomass, grin yield, and resource (N and P) use efficiency were significantly improved, as indicated by higher land equivalent ratio (LER > 1) in intercropping over sole cropping treatments. Our findings suggest that change in the intercropped chickpea rhizosphere-induced parameters facilitated P and N uptake, above-ground biomass, grain yield, and land use efficiency for wheat crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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