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International audience; This introduction examines the intellectual, political, economic, and social context to the reception of Robert Owen's ideas, and Owenism more generally, in Continental Europe. The introduction describes how Owen's ideas attracted significant interest in the years following the Napoleonic Wars, particularly in France, and discusses how the French reception of his ideas served as a filter and medium through which his ideas were disseminated throughout Continental Europe. The article describes the individual contributions to this special issue and traces the story of how Owen's ideas never attracted in Continental Europe the widespread interest they enjoyed in Britain, Ireland, or America.

An issue game is a combination of a monotonic simple game and an issue profile. An issue profile is a profile of linear orders on the player set, one for each issue within the set of issues: such a linear order is interpreted as the order in which the players will support the issue under consideration. A power index assigns to each player in an issue game a nonnegative number, where these numbers sum up to one. We consider a class of power indices, characterized by weight vectors on the set of issues. A power index in this class assigns to each player the weighted sum of the issues for which that player is pivotal. A player is pivotal for an issue if that player is a pivotal player in the coalition consisting of all players preceding that player in the linear order associated with that issue. We present several axiomatic characterizations of this class of power indices. The first characterization is based on two axioms: one says how power depends on the issues under consideration (Issue Dependence), and the other one concerns the consequences, for power, of splitting players into several new players (no advantageous splitting). The second characterization uses a stronger version of Issue Dependence, and an axiom about symmetric players (Invariance with respect to Symmetric Players). The third characterization is based on a variation on the transfer property for values of simple games (Equal Power Change), besides Invariance with respect to Symmetric Players and another version of Issue Dependence. Finally, we discuss how an issue profile may arise from preferences of players about issues.

Se analiza la dinámica sociointercultural del surgimiento del puerto de Topolobampo en México, con la instalación de una colonia estadounidense. Se propuso hacer una descripción desde dos aristas que dan muestra del complejo fenómeno sociohistórico: una partiendo de las relaciones interculturales y la otra desde las intenciones políticas. Se encontró que, en la primera, el racismo ejecutado, tanto por los colonos americanos como por los mexicanos en perjuicio de los indígenas yoremes de la localidad, se presentaba ante jerarquías de color y de estatus económico. La instalación de los colonos ayudó a reforzar las clases sociales en la localidad. En la segunda, la práctica de la colonia siempre estuvo matizada por grandes negocios y no era ajena a preceptos racistas y discriminadores. El hecho es que las condiciones estuvieron propicias para una invasión justificada por los negocios y la adquisición desmedida de territorio, la contradicción con la práctica socialista de la colonia y el involucramiento de personajes de altas esferas políticas de México y de Estados Unidos.

Об’єкт дослідження – система водопостачання і водовідведення міста. Мета роботи – розробка і реалізація дистанційної системи керування і контролю параметрів для системи водопостачання і водовідведення міста. Завдання, які вирішуються для досягнення поставленої мети: 1. Аналіз структури системи водопостачання і водовідведення 2. Формулювання проблематики створення розподіленої системи керування та контролю параметрів 3. Аналіз існуючих технологій, програмного забезпечення та технічних засобів автоматизації 4. Вибір структури і складових системи автоматизації 5. Реалізація системи автоматизації Object of research – city water supply and sanitation system. The purpose of the work – development and implementation of a remote control and data control system for the city`s water supply and sanitation system. Tasks that are solved to achieve the goal: 1. Analysis of the structure of water supply and sanitation system 2. Formulation of problems of creation of the distributed system of management and control of parameters. 3. Analysis of existing technologies, software, and automation tools. 4. Choosing the structure and components of the automation system. 5. Implementation of the automation system

This article describes the culture of print and polemic associated with the Cromwellian invasion of Scotland and the resistance of the Church of Scotland. It argues that print solidified Parliamentary ideas during the invasion but that it did not continue to do so after English dominance had been established. These texts illustrate the divisions between the mentalité of the Cromwellian rank-and-file and that of the rather small and probably unrepresentative body of opinion formers who sought to control and represent it.

U.S. Senator Robert Owen of Oklahoma played a key role in the formation of the Federal Reserve in the early twentieth century. He championed the creation of a quasi-public central bank with a decentralized structure. Author Chad Wilkerson explores how Senator Owen contributed to the Fed's early development and sought a Fed structure that would avoid placing too much control either in a centralized agency in Washington, D.C., or in a small number of Wall Street bankers. Owen generally praised the Fed's early performance but became a critic in the early 1920s, and again in the 1930s, when its deflationary policies were especially harmful to the agricultural economy of his home region.

G. E. L. Owen, in his infl uential paper “Inherence,” talks of “vink,” a name he has created for a particular shade of the color pink, and this “vink” serves as an individual in the Aristotelian category of quality. Owen was one of the first to aim to discredit the belief that J. L. Ackrill and his camp espoused, the belief that Aristotle thought that “general attributes are not in individuals, particular attributes are not in more than one individual.” I postulate that there is nothing here that does not preclude the existence of transferable nonsubstantial particulars, and base this view on passages from Aristotle’s Categories and certain examples found in Ammonius’s commentary and On Colors. Given this, a nonsubstantial particular of “vink” would not have to rely on having inhered in just one particular body to have existence, however, it would have to inhere in at least one particular body.

Рассматриваются трансформации автобиографизма в лирике английских поэтов Первой мировой войны Зигфрида Сассуна, Уилфреда Оуэна и Айзека Розенберга. Филологический анализ стихотворений доказывает, что изменения в семантике и поэтике автобиографизма обусловлены радикальними изменениями самой субъектной структуры лирического произведения, когда „ролевой” герой лирики Сассуна превращается в лирического субъекта стихотворений Оуэна и Розенберга, который характеризуется сложной направленностью на „другого” и восприятием самого себя как „другого”., Розглядаються трансформації автобіографізму в ліриці англійських поетів Першої світової війни Зігфріда Сассуна, Вілфреда Овена та Айзека Розенберга. За допомогою філологічного аналізу творів обґрунтовується, що зміни в семантиці та поетиці автобіографізму зумовлені глибинною зміною самої суб’єктної структури ліричного твору, коли „рольовий” герой лірики Сассуна змінюється на ліричного суб’єкта віршів Овена та Розенберга, якому притаманна складна спрямованість на „іншого” та сприйняття самого себе як „іншого”., The paper deals withautobiographismin a lyrical poemseen as the realization of the personified point of view on the world, on him/herself and on his/her place in the world. This problem in lyrics is complex as it affects the core of its subject structure. It does not add up to autopsychologism but reveals the complex interaction of “empiric” author, lyrical “self” and persona, their “inseparability – non-fusion”, when persona appears not as an image-character but as an image-personality (M. Bakhtin). The paradigmatic changes of autobiographism manifestation in the lyrics of S. Sassoon, W. Owen and A. Rosenberg are in the focus of the research. The Great War was not the only the central event of their life but also the principal theme of their poetry. But autobiographism is actualized in their lyrics in rather different ways. Sassoon shows the rational mastering of the new reality conveying the idea of invalidity of old conceptions of heroic deed, faith, patriotism. In Owen’s lyrics the ethical and ideological angles are not dominating aesthetical and personality ones. Thestrengthoffraternalfriendship,of faith andthe sincerity of grief – that is what the lyrical hero should find over and over again to win the right of hope versus pessimism and despair. Rosenberg’s lyrical hero is interested in the transitory linked with the eternal, the patriotic – with the cosmopolitan, the attractive – with the ugly, the strong – with the weak, subjective – with the universal. All these are united in a man, poet, lyrical “self”. Exactly the man, not the war veteran: Rosenberg does not want to play the role of the doomed, that “key role” practiced by some war poets who thought they are demanded the revelation either of proper words or of shocking details. The metamorphoses insemantics and poetics of autobiographism are radically manifested in the changes of the very subject structure of lyrics of the war poets. The Sassoon’s role hero transforms into the lyrical persona of Owen and Rosenberg which is directed at “the other” and at the same time sees himself as “the other”.

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International audience; This paper presents a general procedure inspired by the Shapley value for decomposing any inequality indices by factor components or by sub-populations. To do so we define an inequality game. Despite the fact that the characteristic function is not super-additive in general and that the linearity assumption of the space of inequality game does not hold, an axiomatization of the Shapley value is given in this context by using the Potential function pioneered by Hart and Mas-Colell [1989]. This result proves to be useful in illustrating a trade-off between the desirable properties of consistency and marginality. A comparison of such decomposition with the decomposition method investigated by SHORROCKS [1982] is provided in the case of factor component decomposition. Refinement of the Shapley decomposition is investigated when the set of income sources is nested. Furthermore, an application to the sub-population decomposition problem is also investigated.

"Este texto abarca el discurso amoroso en la obra poética de dos de los autores centrales en la generación de autores mexicanos llamada Contemporáneos: Xavier Villaurrutia y Gilberto Owen. Mientras en Owen el amor es una travesía que sólo puede acabar en naufragio, para Villaurrutia el amor es un sentimiento estatuario y pétreo. El texto analiza brevemente las constantes del tema en los autores así como sus semejanzas y diferencias."

Uppsatsen är en jämförande studie mellan den estniska och svenska förskolan under 1800-talet. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur förskolorna utvecklats i de respektive länderna och om det går att se några likheter eller skillnader. Uppsatsen behandlar bl. a. barnsynen, de tidiga pedagogerna och de första barninstitutionerna. Frågeställningar vi utgått ifrån är: När inrättades de första barninstitutionerna i Estland och Sverige, varför bildades de, vad var de till för och hur har de sett ut? Vilka var de tidigaste pedagogerna och vilka var deras grundtankar om barn? Har de tidigare pedagogernas barnsyn påverkat lärarinnornas syn på barn? Metoden som används är en innehållsanalys där materialet är hämtat från tryckt litteratur samt elektronisk media. Den tidigare forskningen belyser bl. a. Fröbels, Owens och Pestalozzis idéer och tankar kring barninstitutionerna och deras syn på barn.

So- called “Network Based Defense” (NBD) was introduced in Sweden in connection with the transformation of the Swedish Armed Forces in 1999. NBD is based on the U.S. variant Network Centric Warfare (NCW), which in turn is derived from research on the concept of Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). In Sweden the concept was introduced and included not only the Armed Forces but was intended to also support the Swedish civilian agencies in order to create networks and hence share the available information and thus more effective crisis management and to provide more "bang for the buck." In developing the concept of NBD the Swedish Armed Forces used both economic and human resources, in the form of research, new technologies, new organization and new methods. Between year 2004 and 2006 the Armed Forces once again entered the process of reorganization. This time to “classic” military hierarchical organization and NBD as development engine disappeared due to economic cutbacks, together with the decision to participate in the European Union (EU) rapid reaction force. The purpose of this essay is to study the theories and ideas behind the concept and why the concept "disappeared" a few years later. The result of the work suggests that the concept of NBD in its abstract form was too theoretical. The process of organization introduced by HKV -04 is the clearest example of this abstract ambiguity concerning command and responsibility. Research suggests that responsibility is the basis of military organization and operations. The results also shows that a number of experiences from the development of the NBD has been used in the more practically oriented transformation of the Armed Forces necessary by the commitments for the so- called Nordic Battle Group (NBG-08). The results have also shown correlation between NBD development and the increased Nordic cooperation in the form of sea and air surveillance and the well-developed body interaction within the framework of the national crisis management capacity in Sweden. Nätverks Baserat Försvar (NBF) infördes i Sverige inom ramen för transformationen av Försvarsmakten från ett invasionsförsvar till ett insatsförsvar. NBF bygger på den amerikanska varianten Network Centric Warfare (NCW) som i sin tur härstammar från forskningen kring begreppet Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). Konceptet infördes och innefattade inte bara Försvarsmakten utan även stödmyndigheter i syfte att skapa ett nätverk och därmed dela tillgänglig information och därmed effektivisera krishanteringen och ge mer ”pang för pengarna”. Kring utvecklingen av konceptet NBF lades stora resurser i form av forskning, ny teknik, ny organisation och nya metoder. År 2004 till 2006 omorganiserades Försvarsmakten återigen från införd processorganisation enligt NBF till klassisk militär hierarkisk organisation och NBF som utvecklingsmotor försvann i och med ekonomiska neddragningar tillsammans med beslutet om att delta i Europeiska Unionens (EU:s) snabbinsatsstyrka. Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera tankar och teorier som ledde fram till NBF och vad som kan vara en förklaring till att NBF försvann några år senare. Resultatet av arbetet med uppsatsen tyder på att konceptet NBF i sin abstrakta form blev för teoretiskt. Den processorganisation som infördes med HKV -04 är det tydligaste exemplet på denna abstrakta oklarhet främst vad gäller befäl och därtill kopplat ansvar. Forskning pekar på att ansvar utgör grunden i militär organisation och verksamhet. Resultaten visar också på att de positiva lärdomarna från utvecklingen av NBF i form av vikten av ”nätverkande” låg som grund till det mer praktiskt inriktade transformeringen av Försvarsmaktens delar genom Nordic Battle Group, (NBG-08). Resultatet har också påvisat samband mellan NBF utvecklingen och det utökade nordiska samarbetet i form av sjö och luftövervakning samt den likaså utvecklade myndighetssamverkan inom ramen för den nationella krishanteringsförmågan i Sverige.

Although today's main organisation principle of monetary spaces is the nation-state's one, everyone can see it is not totally the case because of the existence and the development of local and social currencies and other sorts of parallel currencies. European history gives very useful lessons on this matter. One can distinguish, indeed, three historical periods : firstly, an “old regime” with a great diversity of money, including forms of local currencies ; secondly, the building of nation states and, consequently, what Benjamin Cohen (1998) calls a “westphalian model of geography of money”, centred on the principle of one nation, one money, excluding local currencies different from national currencies ; thirdly, the contesting of such a regime of monetary sovereignty. European history gives, then, evidences that the contemporary dynamics of local currencies is not a new one, but that it is undoubtedly the most important of the third period. European history leads however to make significant differences between forms of monetary localisms. Those differences are analyzed within the following framework. First, we have to make a distinction between the nature of issuers : public authorities, groups of citizens, businesses and banks. Monetary localisms before the Westphalian era were mainly organized by public authorities (lords) and religious orders, whereas today's monetary localisms mainly come from citizens and businesses (except from emergency issues and secessions logics). Second, we have to make a distinction between the rationales for monetary localisms : sovereignty, seignoriage and financing needs, protecting spaces, revitalizing spaces, transforming the nature of exchanges and money. Monetary localisms before the Westphalian era were mainly organized in order to capture money and dynamize spaces, whereas one can find the four rationales in today's monetary localisms. The paper, after presenting the analytical framework, concentrates on three sorts of local currencies : local currencies as a result of necessities, local currencies issued by banks and local currencies aiming to change money. It concludes on the differences between local currencies in European history and contemporary local currencies.

Se analizan dos ediciones del poema “Canción del alfarero” de Gilberto Owen; una de ellas publicada en la revista La Falange de 1923 y la segunda en 1979, por el Fondo de Cultura Económica. Esta última presenta cambios importantes en la puntuación y orden de las estrofas, lo que altera el sentido del poema. A través de un estudio formal se ubican las diferencias para demostrar que la edición original es la de 1923 pues, además de ser revisada por Owen, la coherencia de las estrofas y su idea es constante, lo que no ocurre con la edición de 1979