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This paper discusses the idea of the functioning of an independent fiscal institution (IFI) in Poland according to the EU's requirements. The first section provides an overall description of the institution. Section 2 provides theoretical insights into possible institutional models of IFIs which are established in the EU: the purpose is to discern what lessons can be learnt from IFI models in other EU countries. Section 3 discusses the legal basis of and standards in this area of public-sector control; section 4 addresses how that adoption would look in Poland. The objective of the article is to determine what the challenges in the Polish state fiscal policy are. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to determine the objectives of public finance law, which is part of financial law. The research problem is to answer the question of whether the findings regarding the objectives of a given branch of law can be useful in developing the specific axiology for that very branch of law. The article proves the hypothesis that the objectives of public finance law are closely linked to the protection of public values to be true. Hence, it was considered particularly expedient to apply axiological analysis of law to the study of axiological issues of financial policy, which plays a secondary role in relation to economic and social policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Critique of Law: Independent Legal Studies / Krytyka Prawa: Niezalezne Studia nad Prawem is the property of Akademia Leona Kozminskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and its competence to interpret the EU’s primary law was particularly in focus during and after the financial crisis, when it decided on the validity of the Union’s recovery instruments in the Pringle, Gauweiler and Weiss cases. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse selected decisions of the CJEU (the Pringle, Gauweiler and Weiss cases), starting from the presentation of the socio-political context in which they were created. After the legal analysis of the CJEU’s argumentation in the selected decisions, the paper will present their impact on the development of the public finance law of the Union. Particular attention will be paid to the interpretative methods used by the CJEU. The aforementioned reflects in the structure of the paper. After the introduction, the second section comprises specific features of interpretation methods in the CJEU case law. The following section will focus on the socio-political context that preceded the selected CJEU decisions. The fourth section presents an analysis of the selected CJEU decisions and reviews the interpretation methods. The fifth section highlights the implications of the CJEU jurisprudence on the legal order of the Union, followed by concluding considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the tax relief for employment of new residents. In the first two parts, there is a legal analysis of Art. 15c of the Law on Personal Income Tax and Art. 15a of the Law on Contributions for Mandatory Social Insurance. Then, this tax relief will be examined in the context of the principles of tax law and public finance, especially the principle of tax fairness, the principle of tax efficiency and the principle of the stability of the tax system. The conclusion is that the problem of the outflow of highly skilled workers could not be solved by partial reforms of tax laws. A systematic solution implies a radical reform of the personal income tax, which would be firmly based on the principles of tax law and tax science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Estudos Politicos is the property of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Revista Brasileira de Estudos Politicos) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prawo Budżetowe Państwa i Samorządu is the property of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Law & Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The global financial crisis of 2008 undoubtedly had a significant impact on the constitutional regulation of economic and financial matters. As a consequence of economic downturn six EU Member States (Germany, Spain, Slovakia, Slovenia, Italy and Hungary) have amended their constitutions. With economic crisis caused by global pandemic of, the new discussion about constitutional fiscal policy rules is expected. New economic downturn is one of the most important challenges for the constitutional fiscal rules, which undoubtedly will verify their functioning and effectiveness. The main purpose of this paper is to find out if constitutional fiscal policy rules is a cure or trap in times of financial crisis. According to the hypothesis adopted, constitutional fiscal rules can be an effective tool. The article has the following structure. In the first and second part I describe constitutional fiscal rules. The third part concerns the method of constitutionalisation. Subsequently, I am focus on effectiveness of constitutional fiscal policy rules. The last part of the article contains conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is based on a report from the budget for the period 2020-2023 which was prepared based on art. 35 paragraph (2) of Law 500/2002 on public finances, with subsequent changes and additions and is based on the deductions of the Fiscal-Budgetary Strategy for the period 2020-2022 and the provisions of the medium-term macroeconomic framework 2018-2023 (autumn 2019 provision). In this paper we presented the main developments of the macroeconomic framework in the reference period in the context of the international framework, the main goals and strategic priorities that Romania has to meet by 2023, and the changes that will be made for the budget deficit policy. to directly help economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prawo Budżetowe Państwa i Samorządu is the property of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Law & Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Public procurement law lays out the processes and procedures that public agencies, authorities, or departments should follow when procuring work or service using public funds. The law stipulates the threshold at which public entities should use public procurement instead of private procurement. Effectively, public agencies spend a considerable amount of government revenue on public services. However, controversy exists on the relationship between government spending and private sector investment. It also remains unclear as to whether public procurement law improves financial management. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between public procurement law and the crowding-out effect, taxes, and finance. The study relies on quantitative research design where data was collected from a sample of 130 participants who comprised of public procurement officials, private investors, and the public. Using a questionnaire, the findings showed that public procurement law increases government spending that in turn crowds out the private sector instead of crowding-in. The need to fund projects often compels government to increase taxes and in turn incur budget deficits due to lack of adequate finances. However, public procurement laws enhance financial planning and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The State and Local Fiscal Assistance Act of 1972 appropriates $30.2 billion over five years to 38,000 state and local units of general-purpose government in the U.S. Under a grant from the Ford Foundation, the Brookings Institution has been monitoring the distributional, fiscal, and political effects of this program. The second of these three categories--fiscal effects--involves studying the uses of these funds by recipient state and local governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines laws governing the publicly financed stadiums in the U.S., evaluates claims that stadiums are worthy public investments, and explains how teams' bargaining advantage over municipalities resulted in oversupply of public funds for stadium. Topics discussed include federal and state law implicated by using municipal bonds to subsidize stadiums; and purpose of state constitutional protections intended to prevent municipalities from lending public funds for projects.

Copyright of Prawo Budżetowe Państwa i Samorządu is the property of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Law & Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prawo Budżetowe Państwa i Samorządu is the property of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Law & Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prawo Budżetowe Państwa i Samorządu is the property of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Law & Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offer information about laws governing private financing in public programs. Topics discussed including different approach to hybridization—one in which for profit investment and/or philanthropic donations to fund government; laws related to public-private partnership in the U.S.; and conventional divisions between for-profit, governmental, and nonprofit organizations.

The article discusses how a taxpayer may contest a summons enforcement is to claim that the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) did not follow proper administrative steps when it issued late notice of a summons, violating Section 7609(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. Topics discussed include purposes of an IRS investigation of the taxpayer; laws concerning a third-party summons a mandatory requirement; and the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in the case 'United States v. Powell.'

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between deterrence measures, leadership support and public finance regulatory compliance among public secondary schools in Uganda.Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey of 257 Ugandan public secondary schools was undertaken. Ordinary least squares regression was used to determine whether, in addition to deterrence measures, leadership support also explains variances in public finance regulatory compliance.Findings Results based on a hierarchical regression analysis indicate that deterrence measures explain 17.4 per cent of variances in public finance regulatory compliance. In addition, leadership support explains a further 18.2 per cent of the variances in public finance regulatory compliance.Research limitations/implications The results imply that in addition to deterrence measures, secondary schools in Uganda should also emphasise leadership support in order to improve their public finance regulatory compliance.Originality/value Contrary to previous studies, the authors explain regulatory compliance using deterrence measures and leadership support in a single study while also focussing on institutions and not individuals as a unit of analysis. The authors also extend the predominantly financial institutions compliance studies to the education sector. Thus probably for the first time, the authors show that leadership support complements deterrence measures in explaining public finance regulatory compliance in the education sector. Even with strong deterrence measures, the lack of leadership support may lead to inadequate public finance regulatory compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a reprint of the article "Candid Candidates," by Charles Blahous. It focuses on the approach of U.S. presidential candidates on the Social Security program. Particular focus is also given to the financial shortfall of Social Security, proposed financing reforms by the program's trustees, and benefit costs of the program.

The article examines the need for the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to revive Treasury Department's temporary regulations that are in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA). Topics discussed include Treasury regulations regarding tax exceptionalism; the U.S. Treasury's broad general rulemaking power; the IRS's ability to treat temporary Treasury regulations; enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, and ruling of the Supreme Court in Mayo, Ireland to reject tax exceptionalism.

Timing is an important consideration in regulatory design. Corrective taxes are usually imposed before or contemporaneously with the harmful activity they are aimed at preventing, while tort awards are assessed ex post, in its aftermath. Patents and research grants both can encourage innovation, but patents pay off only after the invention is marketed. In a world of perfect information, fully rational actors, and complete credit or insurance markets, timing would not matter. In the real world though, the failure of one or more of these assumptions can change dramatically the impact of a regulatory option. For example, prior commentators have largely favored ex post incentives on the ground that government has much better information after the regulated activity is complete. This Article argues that the consensus in favor of ex post regulation overlooks some important considerations. Ex post regulation does provide useful additional information when regulated parties are heterogeneous, but also carries significant and sometimes prohibitive social cost, especially when limited-liability firms produce externalities. Further, drawing on results from mathematical simulations, I show that the costs of heterogeneity can be sharply reduced with even modest up-front information. I apply these insights to a series of examples, including the obesity crisis, the regulation of systemic risk in the banking sector, and state fiscal failures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legislative Act 03 of 2011 introduces fiscal sustainability to the Colombian Constitution as a guiding criterion for state branches and authorities. Since its legislative process, it generated a heated debate both inside and outside Congress. This debate pits those who claim that the social rule of law is breached by the reform against those who stand up for macroeconomic stability as a necessity of the state. Among other features, these two positions share an implicit assumption: the almost total efficacy of the amendment. This piece, through a review of several relevant documents, aims to find an alternative point between these two positions and take a critical approach to the effects of the reform, in order to question its efficacy. The author argues that the legislative act is not truly effective, given the fact that it has not produced a paradigm shift in the way the branches of government perform their duties and make decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the foundations of international financial law, the operation of close-out netting, and the legal recognition of such practices. Topic discussed include policy arguments in support of close-out netting, role of close-out netting in minimizing credit risk; and excessive externalization of risks due to close-out netting.

The article examines different concepts of international financial law, it role in maintaining order in the world financial system. The author examines the connection between international financial law and other regulators in the international financial system: private international law, national law. The international financial system as a complex phenomenon comprises various groups of interconnected social relations related to cross-border capital flow. The international financial relations involve direct interrelations between public legal bodies, while the private bodies are involved only in terms of national jurisdictions where domestic law or international private law (if the foreign element appears in these relations) are enforced. The influence of international financial law on private bodies is indirect and is enforced only through the influence on domestic law of States. Today, the concept of public finance is added up with the criterion of the public interest that dictates the necessity of State legal public regulation in such spheres as banking, securities market and insurance. The key qualification criterion of international financial relations is the maintenance of public economic order aiming at secure functioning of national financial systems and international financial system as a whole through international cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses miscellaneous information related to parliamentary activities of New Brunswick including legislation and resolution passed by the parliament, Select Committee on Cannabis and multimedia presentation. Topics include An Act to Amend the Political Process Financing Act, introduced by Minister of Health Victor Boudreau, legislature passed a resolution introduced by politician Bruce Fitch and multimedia presentation projected upon front exterior of Legislative Assembly.

When we refer to financial control, we talk, in fact, about the possibility to analyse a set of objectives and guide marks established by entities in order prevent, correct, and subsequently eliminate irregularities, errors, deviations, etc. The main objective is to highlight them in the future with the purpose of obtaining maximum performance with minimum effort. This activity was deemed representative as object of a separate chapter within the community acquis (we are talking about chapter 28 "Financial control". The problems concern specialised bodies, the control procedure, the reports resulted following the control, and their legal and economic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A summary is presented of the Alexis Nakota Sioux Nation Annual Property Taxation Expenditure By-Law effective June 26, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 83 of the Indian Act which allows the council to make by-laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Cheam First Nation Annual Expenditure Law effective July 26, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 5 of the First Nations Fiscal Management Act which allows the council of a first nation to make laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Kwantlen First Nation Property Taxation Expenditure By-Law effective June 26, 2013 and enacted pursuant to subsection 83 of the Indian Act which allows the council to make by-laws for taxation of local land.

A summary is presented of the Sucker Creek First Nation Annual Property Taxation Expenditure By-Law effective June 26, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 83 of the Indian Act which allows the council to make by-laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Whitecap Dakota First Nation Annual Expenditure Law effective September 26, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 5 of the First Nations Fiscal Management Act which allows the council of a first nation to make laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Alexander First Nation Annual Property Taxation Expenditure By-Law effective June 26, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 83 of the Indian Act which allows the council to make by-laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Milkbrook First Nation Annual Expenditure Law effective July 26, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 5 of the First Nations Fiscal Management Act which allows the council of a first nation to make laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band Annual Expenditure Law effective July 12, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 5 of the First Nations Fiscal Management Act which allows the council of a first nation to make laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Muskeg Lake Cree Nation Annual Expenditure Law effective September 26, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 5 of the First Nations Fiscal Management Act which allows the council of a first nation to make laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Tzeachten First Nation Property Transfer Tax Law effective June 27, 2013 and enacted pursuant to the First Nations Fiscal Statistical Management Act which allows the council of a first nation to make laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.

A summary is presented of the Sumas First Nation Annual Expenditure Law effective August 17, 2013 and enacted pursuant to section 5 of the First Nations Fiscal Management Act which allows the council of a first nation to make laws respecting taxation for reserve lands.