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1. Calcium-activated potassium current modulates ventricular repolarization in chronic heart failure.

Author

Ingrid M Bonilla, Victor P Long, Pedro Vargas-Pinto, Patrick Wright, Andriy Belevych, Qing Lou, Kent Mowrey, Jae Yoo, Philip F Binkley, Vadim V Fedorov, Sandor Györke, Paulus M L Janssen, Ahmet Kilic, Peter J Mohler, and Cynthia A Carnes

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The role of I(KCa) in cardiac repolarization remains controversial and varies across species. The relevance of the current as a therapeutic target is therefore undefined. We examined the cellular electrophysiologic effects of I(KCa) blockade in controls, chronic heart failure (HF) and HF with sustained atrial fibrillation. We used perforated patch action potential recordings to maintain intrinsic calcium cycling. The I(KCa) blocker (apamin 100 nM) was used to examine the role of the current in atrial and ventricular myocytes. A canine tachypacing induced model of HF (1 and 4 months, n = 5 per group) was used, and compared to a group of 4 month HF with 6 weeks of superimposed atrial fibrillation (n = 7). A group of age-matched canine controls were used (n = 8). Human atrial and ventricular myocytes were isolated from explanted end-stage failing hearts which were obtained from transplant recipients, and studied in parallel. Atrial myocyte action potentials were unchanged by I(KCa) blockade in all of the groups studied. I(KCa) blockade did not affect ventricular myocyte repolarization in controls. HF caused prolongation of ventricular myocyte action potential repolarization. I(KCa) blockade caused further prolongation of ventricular repolarization in HF and also caused repolarization instability and early afterdepolarizations. SK2 and SK3 expression in the atria and SK3 in the ventricle were increased in canine heart failure. We conclude that during HF, I(KCa) blockade in ventricular myocytes results in cellular arrhythmias. Furthermore, our data suggest an important role for I(KCa) in the maintenance of ventricular repolarization stability during chronic heart failure. Our findings suggest that novel antiarrhythmic therapies should have safety and efficacy evaluated in both atria and ventricles.

Published
2014
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2. Gelation dynamics upon pressure-induced liquid-liquid phase separation in a water-lysozyme solution

Author

Moron, M., Al-Masoodi, A., Lovato, C., Reiser, M., Randolph, L., Surmeier, G., Bolle, J., Westermeier, F., Sprung, M., Winter, R., Paulus, M., and Gutt, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Employing X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy we measure the kinetics and dynamics of a pressure-induced liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in a water-lysozyme solution. Scattering invariants and kinetic information provide evidence that the system reaches the phase boundary upon pressure-induced LLPS with no sign of arrest. The coarsening slows down with increasing quench depths. The $g_2$-functions display a two-step decay with a gradually increasing non-ergodicity parameter typical for gelation. We observe fast superdiffusive ($\gamma \geq 3/2$) and slow subdiffusive ($\gamma < 0.6$) motion associated with fast viscoelastic fluctuations of the network and a slow viscous coarsening process, respectively. The dynamics age linear with time $\tau \propto t_\mathrm{w}$ and we observe the onset of viscoelastic relaxation for deeper quenches. Our results suggest that the protein solution gels upon reaching the phase boundary.

Published
2021

3. Validation of Selection Function, Sample Contamination and Mass Calibration in Galaxy Cluster Samples

Author

Grandis, S., Klein, M., Mohr, J. J., Bocquet, S., Paulus, M., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Benson, B. A., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Capasso, R., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Saro, A., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sheldon, E., Smith, M., Stark, A., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., and Wilkinson, R. D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We construct and validate the selection function of the MARD-Y3 sample. This sample was selected through optical follow-up of the 2nd ROSAT faint source catalog (2RXS) with Dark Energy Survey year 3 (DES-Y3) data. The selection function is modeled by combining an empirically constructed X-ray selection function with an incompleteness model for the optical follow-up. We validate the joint selection function by testing the consistency of the constraints on the X-ray flux--mass and richness--mass scaling relation parameters derived from different sources of mass information: (1) cross-calibration using SPT-SZ clusters, (2) calibration using number counts in X-ray, in optical and in both X-ray and optical while marginalizing over cosmological parameters, and (3) other published analyses. We find that the constraints on the scaling relation from the number counts and SPT-SZ cross-calibration agree, indicating that our modeling of the selection function is adequate. Furthermore, we apply a largely cosmology independent method to validate selection functions via the computation of the probability of finding each cluster in the SPT-SZ sample in the MARD-Y3 sample and vice-versa. This test reveals no clear evidence for MARD-Y3 contamination, SPT-SZ incompleteness or outlier fraction. Finally, we discuss the prospects of the techniques presented here to limit systematic selection effects in future cluster cosmological studies., Comment: 28 pages, 23 figure

Published
2020
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4. Protocol for a randomized controlled trial examining multilevel prediction of response to behavioral activation and exposure-based therapy for generalized anxiety disorder

Author

Santiago, J, Akeman, E, Kirlic, N, Clausen, AN, Cosgrove, KT, McDermott, TJ, Mathis, B, Paulus, M, Craske, MG, Abelson, J, Martell, C, Wolitzky-Taylor, K, Bodurka, J, Thompson, WK, and Aupperle, Robin L

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Brain Disorders, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Anxiety Disorders, Neurosciences, Mind and Body, Depression, Behavioral and Social Science, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Avoidance Learning, Brain, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Decision Making, Electroencephalography, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Implosive Therapy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Retrospective Studies, Self Report, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Generalized anxiety disorder, Behavioral activation, Exposure therapy, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, General & Internal Medicine, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Health services and systems
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Only 40-60% of patients with generalized anxiety disorder experience long-lasting improvement with gold standard psychosocial interventions. Identifying neurobehavioral factors that predict treatment success might provide specific targets for more individualized interventions, fostering more optimal outcomes and bringing us closer to the goal of "personalized medicine." Research suggests that reward and threat processing (approach/avoidance behavior) and cognitive control may be important for understanding anxiety and comorbid depressive disorders and may have relevance to treatment outcomes. This study was designed to determine whether approach-avoidance behaviors and associated neural responses moderate treatment response to exposure-based versus behavioral activation therapy for generalized anxiety disorder. METHODS/DESIGN:We are conducting a randomized controlled trial involving two 10-week group-based interventions: exposure-based therapy or behavioral activation therapy. These interventions focus on specific and unique aspects of threat and reward processing, respectively. Prior to and after treatment, participants are interviewed and undergo behavioral, biomarker, and neuroimaging assessments, with a focus on approach and avoidance processing and decision-making. Primary analyses will use mixed models to examine whether hypothesized approach, avoidance, and conflict arbitration behaviors and associated neural responses at baseline moderate symptom change with treatment, as assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item scale. Exploratory analyses will examine additional potential treatment moderators and use data reduction and machine learning methods. DISCUSSION:This protocol provides a framework for how studies may be designed to move the field toward neuroscience-informed and personalized psychosocial treatments. The results of this trial will have implications for approach-avoidance processing in generalized anxiety disorder, relationships between levels of analysis (i.e., behavioral, neural), and predictors of behavioral therapy outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION:The study was retrospectively registered within 21 days of first participant enrollment in accordance with FDAAA 801 with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02807480. Registered on June 21, 2016, before results.

Published
2020

5. Projected distances to host galaxy reduce SNIa dispersion

Author

Hill, R., Shariff, H., Trotta, R., Ali-Khan, S., Jiao, X., Liu, Y., Moon, S. K., Parker, W., Paulus, M., van Dyk, D. A., and Lucy, L. B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We use multi-band imagery data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to measure projected distances of 302 supernova type Ia (SNIa) from the centre of their host galaxies, normalized to the galaxy's brightness scale length, with a Bayesian approach. We test the hypothesis that SNIas further away from the centre of their host galaxy are less subject to dust contamination (as the dust column density in their environment is smaller) and/or come from a more homogeneous environment. Using the Mann-Whitney U test, we find a statistically significant difference in the observed colour correction distribution between SNIas that are near and those that are far from the centre of their host. The local p-value is 3 x 10^{-3}, which is significant at the 5 per cent level after look-elsewhere effect correction. We estimate the residual scatter of the two subgroups to be 0.073 +/- 0.018 for the far SNIas, compared to 0.114 +/- 0.009 for the near SNIas -- an improvement of 30 per cent, albeit with a low statistical significance of 2sigma. This confirms the importance of host galaxy properties in correctly interpreting SNIa observations for cosmological inference., Comment: Major revision including new fits to the host galaxy images and checks of robustness of results. Statistical results are strengthened. Matched version accepted by MNRAS

Published
2016
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7. Predictors of attrition in a cohort study of HIV infection and methamphetamine dependence

Author

Cattie, J, Marquine, MJ, Bolden, KA, Obermeit, LC, Morgan, EE, Franklin, DR, Umlauf, A, Beck, JM, Hampton Atkinson, J, Woods, SP, Grant, I, Ellis, RJ, Achim, C, Letendre, S, Schrier, R, Heaton, RK, Atkinson, JH, Cherner, M, Marcotte, T, Brown, G, Jernigan, T, Dale, A, Liu, T, Scadeng, M, Fennema-Notestine, C, Archibald, SL, Masliah, E, Lipton, S, Marquie, J, Gamst, AC, Cushman, C, Abramson, I, Vaida, F, Deutsch, R, Minassian, A, Perry, W, Geyer, M, Henry, B, Grethe, AB, Paulus, M, Morris, S, Smith, DM, Semenova, S, Markou, A, and Kaul, M

Subjects
Nursing, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Substance Abuse
Abstract

Longitudinal cohort studies of HIV and substance use disorders play an important role in understanding these conditions, but high rates of attrition can threaten their integrity and generalizability. This study aimed to identify factors associated with attrition in a 5-year observational cohort study of 469 individuals with and without HIV infection and methamphetamine (MA) dependence. Rates of attrition in our four study groups were approximately 24% in HIV-MA-, 15% in HIV+MA-, 56% in HIV-MA+, and 47% in HIV+MA+ individuals. Predictors of attrition in the overall cohort included history of MA, alcohol, and other substance dependence, learning impairment, reduced cognitive reserve, and independence in activities of daily living (all ps < 0.05), but varied somewhat by clinical group. Of particular note, enrollment in a neuroimaging sub-study was associated with significantly boosted rates of retention in the MA groups. Results from this investigation highlight the complexity of the clinical factors that influence retention in cohort studies of HIV-infected MA users and might guide the development and implementation of targeted retention efforts.

Published
2015

10. Electrolyte contact changes nano-Li4Ti5O12 bulk properties via surface polarons

Author

Schleker, P., Grosu, C., Paulus, M., Jakes, P., Schlögl, R., Eichel, R., Scheurer, C., and Granwehr, J.

Abstract

It is of general interest to combine the faradaic processes based high energy density of a battery with the non-faradaic processes based high power density of a capacitor in one cell. Surface area and functional groups of electrode materials strongly affect these properties. For the anode material Li4Ti5O12 (LTO), we suggest a polaron based mechanism that influences Li ion uptake and mobility. Here we show electrolytes containing a lithium salt induce an observable change in the bulk NMR relaxation properties of LTO nano particles. The longitudinal 7Li NMR relaxation time of bulk LTO can change by almost an order of magnitude and, therefore, reacts very sensitively to the cation and its concentration in the surrounding electrolyte. The reversible effect is largely independent of the used anions and of potential anion decomposition products. It is concluded that lithium salt containing electrolytes increase the mobility of surface polarons. These polarons and additional lithium cations from the electrolyte can now diffuse through the bulk, induce the observed enhanced relaxation rate and enable the non-faradaic process. This picture of a Li+ equilibrium between electrolyte and solid may help with improving the charging properties of electrode materials.

Published
2023

11. Acute outreach service to nursing homes: A systematic review with GRADE and triple aim approach

Author

Perttu J. Kontunen, Ria M. Holstein, Paulus M. Torkki, Eddy S. Lang, Maaret K. Castrén, University of Helsinki, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Calgary, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
nursing home, systematic review, literature review, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, mobile integrated healthcare, outreach, aged care facility
Abstract

Funding Information: Partial financial support was received from the Department of Emergency Care and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki and Business Finland as a part of MASSE‐project (Personalised Care With Mass‐Production Efficiency). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic College of Caring Science. Background: People living in nursing homes face the risk of visiting the emergency department (ED). Outreach services are developing to prevent unnecessary transfers to ED. Aims: We aim to assess the performance of acute care services provided to people living in nursing homes or long-term homecare, focusing on ED transfer prevention, safety, cost-effectiveness and experiences. Materials & Methods: This review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were peer-reviewed and examined acute outreach services dedicated to delivering care to people in nursing homes or long-term homecare. The service models could also have preventive components. The databases searched were Scopus and CINAHL. In addition, Robins-I and SIGN checklists were used. The primary outcomes of prevented ED transfers or hospitalisations and the composite outcome of adverse events (mortality/Emergency Medical Service or ED visit after outreach service contact related to the same clinical condition) were graded with GRADE. Results: Fifteen relevant original studies were found—all were observational and focused on nursing homes. The certainty of evidence for acute outreach services with preventive components to prevent ED transfers or hospitalisations was low. Stakeholders were satisfied with these services. The certainty of evidence for solely acute outreach services to prevent ED transfers or hospitalisations was very low and inconclusive. Reporting of adverse events was inconsistent, certainty of evidence for adverse events was low. Conclusion: Published data might support adopting acute outreach services with preventive components for people living in nursing homes to reduce ED transfers, hospitalisations and possibly costs. If an outreach service is started, it is recommended that a cluster-randomised or quasi-experimental research design be incorporated to assess the effectiveness and safety of the service. More evidence is also needed on cost-effectiveness and stakeholders' satisfaction. Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020211048, date of registration: 25.09.2020.

Published
2023

13. The detachment behavior of polycarbonate on thin films above the glass transition temperature

Author

Tillmann, W., Hagen, L., Hoffmann, F., Dildrop, M., Wibbeke, A., Schoppner, V., Resonnek, V., Pohl, M., Krumm, C., Tiller, J.C., Paulus, M., and Sternemann, C.

Subjects
Phase transformations (Statistical physics) -- Observations, Thin films -- Mechanical properties -- Thermal properties, Dielectric films -- Mechanical properties -- Thermal properties, Polycarbonates -- Mechanical properties -- Thermal properties, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

When producing mono-axially stretched films made of amorphous polycarbonate, a self-reinforcement is generated due to the stretching process. This leads to an increase of the strength and stiffness. The mono-axial stretching process is conducted at temperatures above the glass transition temperature, whereas better mechanical properties are obtained at higher stretching temperatures. However, the film tends to adhere to the rolls, especially at temperatures from 10°C above the glass transition temperature. The rolls of the mono-axial stretching unit are made of an induction hardened and polished quenched and tempered steel 1.7225 - 42CrMo4. This work reports on the investigation of the detachment behavior of polycarbonate on different coatings as a function of the temperature and contact time. The main intention is to find a suitable coating on which the polycarbonate film adheres only slightly at temperatures clearly exceeding the glass transition temperature. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 56:786-797, 2016. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers, INTRODUCTION Because of the mono-axial stretching process of polycarbonate, the molecular chains are highly oriented, thus enabling to use their high covalent binding forces for strengthening [1]. An anisotropy, which [...]

Published
2016
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14. Severe pulmonary toxicity associated with inhalation of pyrethroid-based domestic insecticides (Bop/Sapolio): a case series and literature review

Author

Marjolein Drent, Paulus M van den Berg, and Adriane D.M. Vorselaars

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, LUNG-DISEASES, Insecticides, Pulmonary toxicity, Pyrethrum, DELTAMETHRIN, Physiology, BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, herbicides, 0302 clinical medicine, Administration, Inhalation, Pyrethrins, parasitic diseases, Pyrethrin, interstitial lung diseases, Animals, Humans, Medicine, EXPOSURE, SYNERGIST, 030212 general & internal medicine, pulmonary toxicity, PHOTODEGRADATION, Pyrethroid, pyrethroid, biology, Inhalation, MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, pesticides, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Deltamethrin, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, pyrethrum, Toxicity, pyrethrin, business, HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS
Abstract

Purpose of review The current review focuses on serious pulmonary toxicity after inhalation of over the counter available pyrethroid-based insecticides. Pyrethroid is a synthetic product of pyrethrin, which in turn is the active ingredient of pyrethrum, a flower extract. Recent findings On the contrary, a large gap of knowledge exists in the association of interstitial lung disease (ILD) with pyrethroids. So far, two cases of ILD, one associated with pyrethrin and one associated with pyrethrum, were described. Existing literature on both other (pulmo)toxic effects of pyrethroids in human and animals is summarized. Summary We present three cases of severe pulmonary toxicity after inhalation of pyrethroid-based insecticides demanding hospitalization and oxygen therapy. One of these cases died. Although a causal relationship was hard to establish, these cases all demonstrated an obvious history of (repeated) pyrethroid exposure associated with ILD. Moreover, other causes of ILD as well as infections were excluded. Furthermore, studies in mammals as well as aquatic animals confirm (pulmonary) toxicity of pyrethroids. The occurrence of toxicity is dose-dependent but also associated with individual susceptibility. Therefore, we would like to acknowledge that awareness of potential hazards of commercially available insecticides containing pyrethroids to both medical physicians and the public is mandatory.

Published
2021
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17. Contestation Of Science And Local Knowledge (Case Study: Horticultural Farmers In Waihatu Village)

Author

Kakisina, Leunard Onisivorus, Puttileihalatand, Paulus M., Siwalete, Jeter Donald, Kakisina, Leunard Onisivorus, Puttileihalatand, Paulus M., and Siwalete, Jeter Donald

Abstract

The research aims to examine the development of modern agricultural systems and the content process between local knowledge and science which is the basis for modern agriculture. The study used a qualitative research design using case studies and in-depth interviews, observations, and documents, with the case study method. The results showed that the development of modern agriculture in horticultural crops is inseparable from the hegemony process through government institutions. The contestation process in horticultural land produces a form of domination (zero sum game), coexistence, and hybridization between science and local farmers' knowledge. The domination (zero sum game) of science on local knowledge is manifested in the form of programs to increase the production and productivity of horticultural crops as part of a national program to increase food production. The coexistence between these two knowledge entities is due more to the technical limitations of modern agriculture to be applied, especially in local horticultural lands. The hybridization between science and local knowledge shows that the two knowledge entities can complement each other's shortcomings and limitations. The novelty of this study recommends that a model for the development of modern agriculture based on local knowledge is the main strategy that needs to be implemented in formulating horticultural agricultural development policies. Policies to increase agricultural production must be implemented in the form of activities or comprehensive development programs concerning technical, economic and social aspects.

Published
2022

18. Predicting alcohol dependence frommulti-sitebrain structural measures

Author

Hahn, S, Mackey, S, Cousijn, J, Foxe, JJ, Heinz, A, Hester, R, Hutchinson, K, Kiefer, F, Korucuoglu, O, Lett, T, Li, C-SR, London, E, Lorenzetti, V, Maartje, L, Momenan, R, Orr, C, Paulus, M, Schmaal, L, Sinha, R, Sjoerds, Z, Stein, DJ, Stein, E, van Holst, RJ, Veltman, D, Walter, H, Wiers, RW, Yucel, M, Thompson, PM, Conrod, P, Allgaier, N, Garavan, H, Hahn, S, Mackey, S, Cousijn, J, Foxe, JJ, Heinz, A, Hester, R, Hutchinson, K, Kiefer, F, Korucuoglu, O, Lett, T, Li, C-SR, London, E, Lorenzetti, V, Maartje, L, Momenan, R, Orr, C, Paulus, M, Schmaal, L, Sinha, R, Sjoerds, Z, Stein, DJ, Stein, E, van Holst, RJ, Veltman, D, Walter, H, Wiers, RW, Yucel, M, Thompson, PM, Conrod, P, Allgaier, N, and Garavan, H

Abstract

To identify neuroimaging biomarkers of alcohol dependence (AD) from structural magnetic resonance imaging, it may be useful to develop classification models that are explicitly generalizable to unseen sites and populations. This problem was explored in a mega-analysis of previously published datasets from 2,034 AD and comparison participants spanning 27 sites curated by the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Data were grouped into a training set used for internal validation including 1,652 participants (692 AD, 24 sites), and a test set used for external validation with 382 participants (146 AD, 3 sites). An exploratory data analysis was first conducted, followed by an evolutionary search based feature selection to site generalizable and high performing subsets of brain measurements. Exploratory data analysis revealed that inclusion of case- and control-only sites led to the inadvertent learning of site-effects. Cross validation methods that do not properly account for site can drastically overestimate results. Evolutionary-based feature selection leveraging leave-one-site-out cross-validation, to combat unintentional learning, identified cortical thickness in the left superior frontal gyrus and right lateral orbitofrontal cortex, cortical surface area in the right transverse temporal gyrus, and left putamen volume as final features. Ridge regression restricted to these features yielded a test-set area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.768. These findings evaluate strategies for handling multi-site data with varied underlying class distributions and identify potential biomarkers for individuals with current AD.

Published
2022

19. Umweltprobenbank des Bundes: Bericht für das Jahr 2020

Author

Koschorreck, J., Rüther, M., Badry, A., Bandow, N., Fettig, I., Körner, A., Künitzer, A., Nagorka, R., Wellmitz, J., Weber, T., Göckener, B., Knopf, B., Dierkes, G., Boulard, L., Jewell, K., Ternes, T., Halbach, M., Scholz-Böttcher, B., Wesch, C., Klein, R., Tarricone, K., Teubner, D., Paulus, M., Schacht, Veronika, Wernicke, Theo, Jahnke, Annika ; orcid:0000-0001-7815-151X, Strehse, J., Bünning, T., Maser, E., Koschorreck, J., Rüther, M., Badry, A., Bandow, N., Fettig, I., Körner, A., Künitzer, A., Nagorka, R., Wellmitz, J., Weber, T., Göckener, B., Knopf, B., Dierkes, G., Boulard, L., Jewell, K., Ternes, T., Halbach, M., Scholz-Böttcher, B., Wesch, C., Klein, R., Tarricone, K., Teubner, D., Paulus, M., Schacht, Veronika, Wernicke, Theo, Jahnke, Annika ; orcid:0000-0001-7815-151X, Strehse, J., Bünning, T., and Maser, E.

Abstract

Kurzbeschreibung: Umweltprobenbank des Bundes Dieser Bericht fasst die wesentlichen Arbeiten der Umweltprobenbank des Bundes im Jahr 2020 zusammen. Die Umweltprobenbank des Bundes unterstützt die Umsetzung des Vorsorgeprinzips mit einer wissenschaftlichen Infrastruktur, einer umfassende Datenbasis zur Bestimmung und Bewertung des Ist-Zustandes der Umwelt und einer langfristigen Beobachtung der in der Umwelt stattfindenden chemischen, physikalischen und biologischen Entwicklungsprozesse. Dafür sammeln Fachleute Humanproben ausgewählter Standorte gemeinsam mit ökologisch repräsentativen Umweltproben, archivieren sie bei tiefkalten Temperaturen und führen Untersuchungen auf gesundheits- und umweltrelevante Stoffe durch. Auf diese Weise wird auch eine Kontrolle der Wirksamkeit umweltpolitischer Maßnahmen möglich, beispielsweise bei Beschränkungen der Verwendung von Stoffen. Environmental Specimen Bank This report summarises the main work of the Federal Environmental Specimen Bank in 2020. The Federal Environmental Specimen Bank supports the implementation of the precautionary principle with a scientific infrastructure, a comprehensive database for determining and assessing the current state of the environment and long-term monitoring of the chemical, physical and biological development processes taking place in the environment. For this purpose, experts collect human samples from selected sites together with ecologically representative environmental samples, archive them at cryogenic temperatures and perform analyses for substances relevant to health and the environment. This also facilitates monitoring the effectiveness of environmental policy measures, such as restrictions on the use of substances.

Published
2022

21. Apple fruit as a biological suppressant for potato tuber sprouting during ambient storage

Author

Lesibana Bopape, Thabiso Satekge, Paulus Mafeo, and Manape Lekganyane

Subjects
Ethylene, Potatoes, Soluble sugars, Sprout suppressant, Tuber quality, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

In many countries, potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a crucial carbohydrate-rich crop and staple food. However, sprouting during storage can adversely affect the quality of the harvested tubers. To maintain the postharvest quality, this study assessed the potential of apple fruit as one of the biological suppressants for potato tuber sprouting at ambient storage. Potato tubers were obtained from four commercial farms. Thereafter, they were stored in a brown paper alone (control) or with apple fruit at ±23 °C for 30-day period. Potato tubers were evaluated for their weight loss, sprouting percentage, decay and soluble sugars during storage duration. Tubers stored with apple fruit had significantly (P

Published
2024
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22. Comparative efficacy of topical 10% versus 5% tranexamic acid in treatment of women with melasma: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

Author

Ferra Olivia Mawu, Marlyn Grace Kapantow, Herry E. J. Pandaleke, Alexandro Ivan Cahyadi, Lidya Togelang, Joan Alexandra Tampi, and Paulus Mario Christopher

Subjects
Melasma, topical, tranexamic acid, MASI, pigmentation, women, Medicine
Abstract

Background Melasma is a highly prevalent chronic pigmentary disorder. The pathogenesis is unknown but melasma often occurs in photo-exposed areas, e.g., cheeks, upper lip, chin, and forehead. Tranexamic acid (TA), a plasmin inhibitor, aids in the inhibition of UV-induced plasmin activity and melanogenesis, making it a favorable therapeutic option for melasma. Tranexamic acid may be administered through various routes, e.g., topical. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of topical 10% versus 5% TA in women with melasma. Methods This double-blind randomized controlled trial included 16 females with epidermal type melasma who were randomized into two groups to receive either topical 10% TA (n = 8) or 5% TA (n = 8) applied twice daily for eight weeks. Prior to intervention and at 8 weeks after intervention, the intensity and extension of melasma were assessed based on melasma area and severity index (MASI) score and pigmentation score. Results Mean MASI and pigmentation scores in both treatment groups were similar at base-line (p>0.05). The reduction in MASI and pigmentation scores in the topical 10% TA and 5% TA groups was similar and statistically not significant after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment (p>0.05). There were no drug-related adverse reactions or complications. Conclusion This study demonstrated that topical 10% TA and 5% TA were effective in treating women with melasma. The utilization of topical 5% TA for melasma is a promising alternative therapeutic option without the need to increase the concentration of the formulation.

Published
2024
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23. Effects of atrial fibrillation on ventricular remodeling in the human heart

Author

Pabel, S, primary, Knierim, M, additional, Stehle, T, additional, Alebrand, F, additional, Paulus, M, additional, Sieme, M, additional, Herwig, M, additional, Sedej, S, additional, Scherr, D, additional, Brochhausen, C, additional, Hasenfuss, G, additional, Maier, L, additional, Hamdani, N, additional, Streckfuss-Boemeke, K, additional, and Sossalla, S, additional

Published
2021
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24. Pupil dilation reveals effortful processing of fast speech at high levels of intelligibility in realistic room simulations

Author

Paulus, M, Keller, M, and Raether, J

Subjects
ddc: 610, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Pupil size varies as a function of autonomic nervous system activity and can be used to quantify listening effort. Since differences between optimal and near optimal listening conditions are often not reflected by speech intelligibility, pupil size can indicate differences in listening effort that can[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 23. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Audiologie

Published
2020
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27. Skin damage and quality of life among healthcare workers providing care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicenter survey in Banten Province, Indonesia

Author

Paulus M, Christopher, Regina S, Roren, Clarissa, Tania, Nana N, Jayadi, and Cucunawangsih, Cucunawangsih

Subjects
Dermatology
Abstract

Since the occurrence of the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) have been strictly adhering to infection control practices within healthcare facilities. However, regular use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and hand hygiene have led to increased prevalence of skin damage, subsequently impacting the quality of life (QoL).To analyse the connection between skin damage and the QoL among HCWs in a multicenter setting in Indonesia.A cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs working in hospitals in Banten Province, Indonesia. The data was obtained using a reliable self-reported questionnaire (Cronbach α 0.765) and a validated Indonesian version of the Dermatology Life Quality Index.A total of 113 respondents (56.5%) who experienced at least one self-perceived PPE-related skin damage and had worn PPE of any level within the last 7 days were analysed. The mean age ± SD of respondents was 26.09 ± 6.22 years old, while the mean DLQI score ± SD was 5.46 ± 4.88, with a median of 4.0 (range, 0-24). The regression model showed that the level of PPE used (Skin damage due to PPE affects HCWs physically and emotionally. It is crucial to recognise its impact on life and reinforce awareness, prevention, and treatment of skin damage. Dermatologist referral and intervention should be considered for optimum management.

Published
2022
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29. Atrial fibrillation impairs ventricular function by altering excitation-contraction coupling in the human heart

Author

Pabel, S, primary, Knierim, M, additional, Alebrand, F, additional, Paulus, M, additional, Herting, J, additional, Hollemann, D, additional, Sedej, S, additional, Von Lewinski, D, additional, Fischer, T, additional, Schmid, C, additional, Hasenfuss, G, additional, Brochhausen, C, additional, Maier, L, additional, Streckfuss-Boemeke, K, additional, and Sossalla, S, additional

Published
2020
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31. Validation of selection function, sample contamination and mass calibration in galaxy cluster samples

Author

Grandis, S, primary, Klein, M, additional, Mohr, J J, additional, Bocquet, S, additional, Paulus, M, additional, Abbott, T M C, additional, Aguena, M, additional, Allam, S, additional, Annis, J, additional, Benson, B A, additional, Bertin, E, additional, Bhargava, S, additional, Brooks, D, additional, Burke, D L, additional, Carnero Rosell, A, additional, Carrasco Kind, M, additional, Carretero, J, additional, Capasso, R, additional, Costanzi, M, additional, da Costa, L N, additional, De Vicente, J, additional, Desai, S, additional, Dietrich, J P, additional, Doel, P, additional, Eifler, T F, additional, Evrard, A E, additional, Flaugher, B, additional, Fosalba, P, additional, Frieman, J, additional, García-Bellido, J, additional, Gaztanaga, E, additional, Gerdes, D W, additional, Gruen, D, additional, Gruendl, R A, additional, Gschwend, J, additional, Gutierrez, G, additional, Hartley, W G, additional, Hinton, S R, additional, Hollowood, D L, additional, Honscheid, K, additional, James, D J, additional, Jeltema, T, additional, Kuehn, K, additional, Kuropatkin, N, additional, Lima, M, additional, Maia, M A G, additional, Marshall, J L, additional, Melchior, P, additional, Menanteau, F, additional, Miquel, R, additional, Ogando, R L C, additional, Palmese, A, additional, Paz-Chinchón, F, additional, Plazas, A A, additional, Romer, A K, additional, Roodman, A, additional, Sanchez, E, additional, Saro, A, additional, Scarpine, V, additional, Schubnell, M, additional, Serrano, S, additional, Sheldon, E, additional, Smith, M, additional, Stark, A A, additional, Suchyta, E, additional, Swanson, M E C, additional, Tarle, G, additional, Thomas, D, additional, Tucker, D L, additional, Varga, T N, additional, Weller, J, additional, and Wilkinson, R, additional

Published
2020
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32. Quantifying sources of variability in infancy research using the Infant-Directed-Speech preference

Author

ManyBabies Consortium, T, Frank, M, Jane Alcock, K, Arias-Trejo, N, Aschersleben, G, Baldwin, D, Barbu, S, Bergelson, E, Bergmann, C, Black, A, Blything, R, Böhland, M, Bolitho, P, Borovsky, A, Brady, S, Braun, B, Brown, A, Byers-Heinlein, K, Campbell, L, Cashon, C, Choi, M, Christodoulou, J, Cirelli, L, Conte, S, Cordes, S, Cox, C, Cristia, A, Cusack, R, Davies, C, de Klerk, M, Delle Luche, C, de Ruiter, L, Dinakar, D, Dixon, K, Durier, V, Durrant, S, Fennell, C, Ferguson, B, Ferry, A, Fikkert, P, Flanagan, T, Floccia, C, Foley, M, Fritzsche, T, Frost, R, Gampe, A, Gervain, J, Gonzalez-Gomez, N, Gupta, A, Hahn, L, Kiley Hamlin, J, Hannon, E, Havron, N, Hay, J, Hernik, M, Höhle, B, Houston, D, Howard, L, Ishikawa, M, Itakura, S, Jackson, I, Jakobsen, K, Jarto, M, Johnson, S, Junge, C, Karadag, D, Kartushina, N, Kellier, D, Keren-Portnoy, T, Klassen, K, Kline, M, Ko, E, Kominsky, J, Kosie, J, Kragness, H, Krieger, A, Krieger, F, Lany, J, Lazo, R, Lee, M, Leservoisier, C, Levelt, C, Lew-Williams, C, Lippold, M, Liszkowski, U, Liu, L, Luke, S, Lundwall, R, MACCHI CASSIA, V, Mani, N, Marino, C, Martin, A, Mastroberardino, M, Mateu, V, Mayor, J, Menn, K, Michel, C, Moriguchi, Y, Morris, B, Nave, K, Nazzi, T, Noble, C, Novack, M, Olesen, N, John Orena, A, Ota, M, Panneton, R, Parvanezadeh Esfahani, S, Paulus, M, Pletti, C, Polka, L, Potter, C, Rabagliati, H, Ramachandran, S, Rennels, J, Reynolds, G, Roth, K, Rothwell, C, Rubez, D, Ryjova, Y, Saffran, J, Sato, A, Savelkouls, S, Schachner, A, Schafer, G, Schreiner, M, Seidl, A, Shukla, M, Simpson, E, Singh, L, Skarabela, B, Soley, G, Sundara, M, Theakston, A, Thompson, A, Trainor, L, Trehub, S, Trøan, A, Sin-Mei Tsui, A, Twomey, K, Von Holzen, K, Wang, Y, Waxman, S, Werker, J, Wermelinger, S, Woolard, A, Yurovsky, D, Zahner, K, Zettersten, M, Soderstrom, M, The ManyBabies Consortium, Michael C. Frank, Katherine Jane Alcock, Natalia Arias-Trejo, Gisa Aschersleben, Dare Baldwin, Stéphanie Barbu, Elika Bergelson, Christina Bergmann, Alexis K. Black, Ryan Blything, Maximilian P. Böhland, Petra Bolitho, Arielle Borovsky, Shannon M. Brady, Bettina Braun, Anna Brown, Krista Byers-Heinlein, Linda E. Campbell, Cara Cashon, Mihye Choi, Joan Christodoulou, Laura K. Cirelli, Stefania Conte, Sara Cordes, Christopher Cox, Alejandrina Cristia, Rhodri Cusack, Catherine Davies, Maartje de Klerk, Claire Delle Luche, Laura de Ruiter, Dhanya Dinakar, Kate C. Dixon, Virginie Durier, Samantha Durrant, Christopher Fennell, Brock Ferguson, Alissa Ferry, Paula Fikkert, Teresa Flanagan, Caroline Floccia, Megan Foley, Tom Fritzsche, Rebecca L. A. Frost, Anja Gampe, Judit Gervain, Nayeli Gonzalez-Gomez, Anna Gupta, Laura E. Hahn, J. Kiley Hamlin, Erin E. Hannon, Naomi Havron, Jessica Hay, Mikołaj Hernik, Barbara Höhle, Derek M. Houston, Lauren H. Howard, Mitsuhiko Ishikawa, Shoji Itakura, Iain Jackson, Krisztina V. Jakobsen, Marianna Jarto, Scott P. Johnson, Caroline Junge, Didar Karadag, Natalia Kartushina, Danielle J. Kellier, Tamar Keren-Portnoy, Kelsey Klassen, Melissa Kline, Eon-Suk Ko, Jonathan F. Kominsky, Jessica E. Kosie, Haley E. Kragness, Andrea A. R. Krieger, Florian Krieger, Jill Lany, Roberto J. Lazo, Michelle Lee, Chloé Leservoisier, Claartje Levelt, Casey Lew-Williams, Matthias Lippold, Ulf Liszkowski, Liquan Liu, Steven G. Luke, Rebecca A. Lundwall, Viola Macchi Cassia, Nivedita Mani, Caterina Marino, Alia Martin, Meghan Mastroberardino, Victoria Mateu, Julien Mayor, Katharina Menn, Christine Michel, Yusuke Moriguchi, Benjamin Morris, Karli M. Nave, Thierry Nazzi, Claire Noble, Miriam A. Novack, Nonah M. Olesen, Adriel John Orena, Mitsuhiko Ota, Robin Panneton, Sara Parvanezadeh Esfahani, Markus Paulus, Carolina Pletti, Linda Polka, Christine Potter, Hugh Rabagliati, Shruthilaya Ramachandran, Jennifer L. Rennels, Greg D. Reynolds, Kelly C. Roth, Charlotte Rothwell, Doroteja Rubez, Yana Ryjova, Jenny Saffran, Ayumi Sato, Sophie Savelkouls, Adena Schachner, Graham Schafer, Melanie S. Schreiner, Amanda Seidl, Mohinish Shukla, Elizabeth A. Simpson, Leher Singh, Barbora Skarabela, Gaye Soley, Megha Sundara, Anna Theakston, Abbie Thompson, Laurel J. Trainor, Sandra E. Trehub, Anna S. Trøan, Angeline Sin-Mei Tsui, Katherine Twomey, Katie Von Holzen, Yuanyuan Wang, Sandra Waxman, Janet F. Werker, Stephanie Wermelinger, Alix Woolard, Daniel Yurovsky, Katharina Zahner, Martin Zettersten, Melanie Soderstrom, ManyBabies Consortium, T, Frank, M, Jane Alcock, K, Arias-Trejo, N, Aschersleben, G, Baldwin, D, Barbu, S, Bergelson, E, Bergmann, C, Black, A, Blything, R, Böhland, M, Bolitho, P, Borovsky, A, Brady, S, Braun, B, Brown, A, Byers-Heinlein, K, Campbell, L, Cashon, C, Choi, M, Christodoulou, J, Cirelli, L, Conte, S, Cordes, S, Cox, C, Cristia, A, Cusack, R, Davies, C, de Klerk, M, Delle Luche, C, de Ruiter, L, Dinakar, D, Dixon, K, Durier, V, Durrant, S, Fennell, C, Ferguson, B, Ferry, A, Fikkert, P, Flanagan, T, Floccia, C, Foley, M, Fritzsche, T, Frost, R, Gampe, A, Gervain, J, Gonzalez-Gomez, N, Gupta, A, Hahn, L, Kiley Hamlin, J, Hannon, E, Havron, N, Hay, J, Hernik, M, Höhle, B, Houston, D, Howard, L, Ishikawa, M, Itakura, S, Jackson, I, Jakobsen, K, Jarto, M, Johnson, S, Junge, C, Karadag, D, Kartushina, N, Kellier, D, Keren-Portnoy, T, Klassen, K, Kline, M, Ko, E, Kominsky, J, Kosie, J, Kragness, H, Krieger, A, Krieger, F, Lany, J, Lazo, R, Lee, M, Leservoisier, C, Levelt, C, Lew-Williams, C, Lippold, M, Liszkowski, U, Liu, L, Luke, S, Lundwall, R, MACCHI CASSIA, V, Mani, N, Marino, C, Martin, A, Mastroberardino, M, Mateu, V, Mayor, J, Menn, K, Michel, C, Moriguchi, Y, Morris, B, Nave, K, Nazzi, T, Noble, C, Novack, M, Olesen, N, John Orena, A, Ota, M, Panneton, R, Parvanezadeh Esfahani, S, Paulus, M, Pletti, C, Polka, L, Potter, C, Rabagliati, H, Ramachandran, S, Rennels, J, Reynolds, G, Roth, K, Rothwell, C, Rubez, D, Ryjova, Y, Saffran, J, Sato, A, Savelkouls, S, Schachner, A, Schafer, G, Schreiner, M, Seidl, A, Shukla, M, Simpson, E, Singh, L, Skarabela, B, Soley, G, Sundara, M, Theakston, A, Thompson, A, Trainor, L, Trehub, S, Trøan, A, Sin-Mei Tsui, A, Twomey, K, Von Holzen, K, Wang, Y, Waxman, S, Werker, J, Wermelinger, S, Woolard, A, Yurovsky, D, Zahner, K, Zettersten, M, Soderstrom, M, The ManyBabies Consortium, Michael C. Frank, Katherine Jane Alcock, Natalia Arias-Trejo, Gisa Aschersleben, Dare Baldwin, Stéphanie Barbu, Elika Bergelson, Christina Bergmann, Alexis K. Black, Ryan Blything, Maximilian P. Böhland, Petra Bolitho, Arielle Borovsky, Shannon M. Brady, Bettina Braun, Anna Brown, Krista Byers-Heinlein, Linda E. Campbell, Cara Cashon, Mihye Choi, Joan Christodoulou, Laura K. Cirelli, Stefania Conte, Sara Cordes, Christopher Cox, Alejandrina Cristia, Rhodri Cusack, Catherine Davies, Maartje de Klerk, Claire Delle Luche, Laura de Ruiter, Dhanya Dinakar, Kate C. Dixon, Virginie Durier, Samantha Durrant, Christopher Fennell, Brock Ferguson, Alissa Ferry, Paula Fikkert, Teresa Flanagan, Caroline Floccia, Megan Foley, Tom Fritzsche, Rebecca L. A. Frost, Anja Gampe, Judit Gervain, Nayeli Gonzalez-Gomez, Anna Gupta, Laura E. Hahn, J. Kiley Hamlin, Erin E. Hannon, Naomi Havron, Jessica Hay, Mikołaj Hernik, Barbara Höhle, Derek M. Houston, Lauren H. Howard, Mitsuhiko Ishikawa, Shoji Itakura, Iain Jackson, Krisztina V. Jakobsen, Marianna Jarto, Scott P. Johnson, Caroline Junge, Didar Karadag, Natalia Kartushina, Danielle J. Kellier, Tamar Keren-Portnoy, Kelsey Klassen, Melissa Kline, Eon-Suk Ko, Jonathan F. Kominsky, Jessica E. Kosie, Haley E. Kragness, Andrea A. R. Krieger, Florian Krieger, Jill Lany, Roberto J. Lazo, Michelle Lee, Chloé Leservoisier, Claartje Levelt, Casey Lew-Williams, Matthias Lippold, Ulf Liszkowski, Liquan Liu, Steven G. Luke, Rebecca A. Lundwall, Viola Macchi Cassia, Nivedita Mani, Caterina Marino, Alia Martin, Meghan Mastroberardino, Victoria Mateu, Julien Mayor, Katharina Menn, Christine Michel, Yusuke Moriguchi, Benjamin Morris, Karli M. Nave, Thierry Nazzi, Claire Noble, Miriam A. Novack, Nonah M. Olesen, Adriel John Orena, Mitsuhiko Ota, Robin Panneton, Sara Parvanezadeh Esfahani, Markus Paulus, Carolina Pletti, Linda Polka, Christine Potter, Hugh Rabagliati, Shruthilaya Ramachandran, Jennifer L. Rennels, Greg D. Reynolds, Kelly C. Roth, Charlotte Rothwell, Doroteja Rubez, Yana Ryjova, Jenny Saffran, Ayumi Sato, Sophie Savelkouls, Adena Schachner, Graham Schafer, Melanie S. Schreiner, Amanda Seidl, Mohinish Shukla, Elizabeth A. Simpson, Leher Singh, Barbora Skarabela, Gaye Soley, Megha Sundara, Anna Theakston, Abbie Thompson, Laurel J. Trainor, Sandra E. Trehub, Anna S. Trøan, Angeline Sin-Mei Tsui, Katherine Twomey, Katie Von Holzen, Yuanyuan Wang, Sandra Waxman, Janet F. Werker, Stephanie Wermelinger, Alix Woolard, Daniel Yurovsky, Katharina Zahner, Martin Zettersten, and Melanie Soderstrom

Abstract

Psychological scientists have become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability, and infancy researchers in particular face specific challenges related to replicability: For example, high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multisite study aimed at (a) assessing the overall replicability of a single theoretically important phenomenon and (b) examining methodological, cultural, and developmental moderators. We focus on infants’ preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Stimuli of mothers speaking to their infants and to an adult in North American English were created using seminaturalistic laboratory-based audio recordings. Infants’ relative preference for IDS and ADS was assessed across 67 laboratories in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia using the three common methods for measuring infants’ discrimination (head-turn preference, central fixation, and eye tracking). The overall meta-analytic effect size (Cohen’s d) was 0.35, 95% confidence interval = [0.29, 0.42], which was reliably above zero but smaller than the meta-analytic mean computed from previous literature (0.67). The IDS preference was significantly stronger in older children, in those children for whom the stimuli matched their native language and dialect, and in data from labs using the head-turn preference procedure. Together, these findings replicate the IDS preference but suggest that its magnitude is modulated by development, native-language experience, and testing procedure.

Published
2020

33. TERPAAN MEDIA MASSA PETANI MINYAK KAYU PUTIH DI DUSUN TIRTA MANDIRI, KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT, PROVINSI MALUKU

Author

Paulus M Puttileihalat

Subjects
General Medicine, General Chemistry
Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat keterdedahan petani kayu putih terhadap media massa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Dusun Tirta Mandiri, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat, Propinsi Maluku. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah petani di Dusun Tirta Mandiri sebanyak 35 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh. Data primer diperoleh dari observasi serta penyebaran kusioner, dan data sekunder melalui instansi terkait. Analisa data menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur, pendidikan, dan kosmopolitan berada pada kategori rendah yang menunjukkan bahwa petani dalam melakukan kegiatan usahatani tidak melihat pada status, namun yang terpenting adalah diberikan kemampuan untuk bekerja berdasarkan pengalaman untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pokok. Petani lebih banyak terdedah dengan buku bacaan karena banyak mendapatkan informasi tentang usaha minyak kayu putih.

Published
2020
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35. Nanocomposite PECVD multiphase coatings for wear reduction under thermal load conditions

Author

Nienhaus, A., Braeuer, G., Paschke, H., Stangier, D., Tillmann, W., Paulus, M., Sternemann, C., and 3. Niedersächsisches Symposium Materialtechnik, Clausthal, 14. bis 15. Februar 2019

Subjects
article, ddc:600
Abstract

With increasing demands for an enhanced service lifetime of tools, used in the hot form-ing and extrusion molding industry, new coating systems play an important role. Such applications demand a high thermal stability, high wear resistance, and low adhesion between the tool surface and hot metals (e.g. steel, aluminum, copper). Nanocomposite coatings consist of nm-size grains, embedded in an amorphous matrix. Due to their structure, they show a high hardness and wear resistance even under extreme conditions (high pressure, adhesive contact conditions, and high thermal loads). These multiphase coatings, generated from carbides, nitrides or borides of the transient metal titanium, provide the necessary properties for hot working applications. Currently, the binary and ternary phases TiN, TiC, TiB2 or TiCN, TiBN are commonly used, yet limited concern-ing their thermal stability. The element spectrum Ti-B-N, Ti-C-N is expanded with sil-icon to synthesize interesting quaternary or quinary systems with typical nanocomposite grain sizes of 3-7 nm. Recent in-situ phase analyses of the temperature-dependent phase transformation at 25 °C, 500 °C, and 750 °C revealed the possibility to optimize the mechanical properties by changing the structural composition in nanoscale dimensions. Tribological investigations under high-temperature conditions with a thermal load of 750 °C, and counterparts of Al2O3 spheres showed an improved wear resistance of the Si-containing systems compared to the non-Si systems. Assuming that Si and B contain-ing films have a suitable low adhesion to many materials, further work should investi-gate the adhesive properties towards hot metals, e.g. aluminum and copper for extrusion molding applications.

Published
2019
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38. Transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation (tES and TMS) for addiction medicine: A consensus paper on the present state of the science and the road ahead

Author

Ekhtiari, H. (Hamed), Tavakoli, H. (Hosna), Addolorato, G. (Giovanni), Baeken, C. (Chris), Bonci, A. (Antonello), Campanella, S. (Salvatore), Castelo-Branco, L. (Luis), Challet-Bouju, G. (Gaëlle), Clark, V.P., Claus, E. (Eric), Dannon, P.N. (Pinhas N.), Del Felice, A. (Alessandra), den Uyl, T. (Tess), Diana, M. (Marco), di Giannantonio, M. (Massimo), Fedota, J.R. (John R.), Fitzgerald, P. (Paul), Gallimberti, L. (Luigi), Grall-Bronnec, M. (Marie), Herremans, S.C. (Sarah C.), Herrmann, M.J. (Martin J.), Jamil, A. (Asif), Khedr, E. (Eman), Kouimtsidis, C. (Christos), Kozak, K. (Karolina), Krupitsky, E. (Evgeny), Lamm, C. (Claus), Lechner, W.V. (William V.), Madeo, G. (Graziella), Malmir, N. (Nastaran), Martinotti, G. (Giovanni), McDonald, W.M. (William M.), Montemitro, C. (Chiara), Nakamura-Palacios, E.M. (Ester M.), Nasehi, M. (Mohammad), Noël, X. (Xavier), Nosratabadi, M. (Masoud), Paulus, M. (Martin), Pettorruso, M. (Mauro), Pradhan, B. (Basant), Praharaj, S.K. (Samir K.), Rafferty, H. (Haley), Sahlem, G. (Gregory), Salmeron, B.J. (Betty jo), Sauvaget, A. (Anne), Schluter, R.S. (Renée S.), Sergiou, C.S. (Carmen), Shahbabaie, A. (Alireza), Sheffer, C. (Christine), Spagnolo, P.A. (Primavera A.), Steele, V.R. (Vaughn R.), Yuan, T.-F. (Ti-fei), Dongen, J.D.M. (Josanne) van, Van Waes, V. (Vincent), Venkatasubramanian, G. (Ganesan), Verdejo-García, A. (Antonio), Verveer, I. (Ilse), Welsh, J.W. (Justine W.), Wesley, M.J. (Michael J.), Witkiewitz, K. (Katie), Yavari, F. (Fateme), Zarrindast, M.-R. (Mohammad-Reza), Zawertailo, L. (Laurie), Zhang, X. (Xiaochu), Cha, Y.-H. (Yoon-Hee), George, T.P. (Tony P.), Frohlich, F. (Flavio), Goudriaan, A.E. (Anna), Fecteau, S. (Shirley), Daughters, S.B. (Stacey B.), Stein, E.A. (Elliot A.), Fregni, F. (Felipe), Nitsche, M.A. (Michael A.), Zangen, A. (Abraham), Bikson, M. (Marom), Hanlon, C.A. (Colleen A.), Ekhtiari, H. (Hamed), Tavakoli, H. (Hosna), Addolorato, G. (Giovanni), Baeken, C. (Chris), Bonci, A. (Antonello), Campanella, S. (Salvatore), Castelo-Branco, L. (Luis), Challet-Bouju, G. (Gaëlle), Clark, V.P., Claus, E. (Eric), Dannon, P.N. (Pinhas N.), Del Felice, A. (Alessandra), den Uyl, T. (Tess), Diana, M. (Marco), di Giannantonio, M. (Massimo), Fedota, J.R. (John R.), Fitzgerald, P. (Paul), Gallimberti, L. (Luigi), Grall-Bronnec, M. (Marie), Herremans, S.C. (Sarah C.), Herrmann, M.J. (Martin J.), Jamil, A. (Asif), Khedr, E. (Eman), Kouimtsidis, C. (Christos), Kozak, K. (Karolina), Krupitsky, E. (Evgeny), Lamm, C. (Claus), Lechner, W.V. (William V.), Madeo, G. (Graziella), Malmir, N. (Nastaran), Martinotti, G. (Giovanni), McDonald, W.M. (William M.), Montemitro, C. (Chiara), Nakamura-Palacios, E.M. (Ester M.), Nasehi, M. (Mohammad), Noël, X. (Xavier), Nosratabadi, M. (Masoud), Paulus, M. (Martin), Pettorruso, M. (Mauro), Pradhan, B. (Basant), Praharaj, S.K. (Samir K.), Rafferty, H. (Haley), Sahlem, G. (Gregory), Salmeron, B.J. (Betty jo), Sauvaget, A. (Anne), Schluter, R.S. (Renée S.), Sergiou, C.S. (Carmen), Shahbabaie, A. (Alireza), Sheffer, C. (Christine), Spagnolo, P.A. (Primavera A.), Steele, V.R. (Vaughn R.), Yuan, T.-F. (Ti-fei), Dongen, J.D.M. (Josanne) van, Van Waes, V. (Vincent), Venkatasubramanian, G. (Ganesan), Verdejo-García, A. (Antonio), Verveer, I. (Ilse), Welsh, J.W. (Justine W.), Wesley, M.J. (Michael J.), Witkiewitz, K. (Katie), Yavari, F. (Fateme), Zarrindast, M.-R. (Mohammad-Reza), Zawertailo, L. (Laurie), Zhang, X. (Xiaochu), Cha, Y.-H. (Yoon-Hee), George, T.P. (Tony P.), Frohlich, F. (Flavio), Goudriaan, A.E. (Anna), Fecteau, S. (Shirley), Daughters, S.B. (Stacey B.), Stein, E.A. (Elliot A.), Fregni, F. (Felipe), Nitsche, M.A. (Michael A.), Zangen, A. (Abraham), Bikson, M. (Marom), and Hanlon, C.A. (Colleen A.)

Abstract

There is growing interest in non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a novel treatment option for substance-use disorders (SUDs). Recent momentum stems from a foundation of preclinical neuroscience demonstrating links between neural circuits and drug consuming behavior, as well as recent FDA-approval of NIBS treatments for mental health disorders that share overlapping pathology with SUDs. As with any emerging field, enthusiasm must be tempered by reason; lessons learned from the past should be prudently applied to future therapies. Here, an international ensemble of experts provides an overview of the state of transcranial-electrical (tES) and transcranial-magnetic (TMS) stimulation applied in SUDs. This consensus paper provides a systematic literature review on published data – emphasizing the heterogeneity of methods and outcome measures while suggesting strategies to help bridge knowledge gaps. The goal of this effort is to provide the community with guidelines for best practices in tES/TMS SUD research. We hope this will accelerate the speed at which the community translates basic neuroscience into advanced neuromodulation tools for clinical practice in addiction medicine.

Published
2019
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39. A Roadmap for Integrating Neuroscience Into Addiction Treatment: A Consensus of the Neuroscience Interest Group of the International Society of Addiction Medicine

Author

Verdejo-Garcia, A, Lorenzetti, V, Manning, V, Piercy, H, Bruno, R, Hester, R, Pennington, D, Tolomeo, S, Arunogiri, S, Bates, ME, Bowden-Jones, H, Campanella, S, Daughters, SB, Kouimtsidis, C, Lubman, DI, Meyerhoff, DJ, Ralph, A, Rezapour, T, Tavakoli, H, Zare-Bidoky, M, Zilverstand, A, Steele, D, Moeller, SJ, Paulus, M, Baldacchino, A, Ekhtiari, H, Verdejo-Garcia, A, Lorenzetti, V, Manning, V, Piercy, H, Bruno, R, Hester, R, Pennington, D, Tolomeo, S, Arunogiri, S, Bates, ME, Bowden-Jones, H, Campanella, S, Daughters, SB, Kouimtsidis, C, Lubman, DI, Meyerhoff, DJ, Ralph, A, Rezapour, T, Tavakoli, H, Zare-Bidoky, M, Zilverstand, A, Steele, D, Moeller, SJ, Paulus, M, Baldacchino, A, and Ekhtiari, H

Abstract

Although there is general consensus that altered brain structure and function underpins addictive disorders, clinicians working in addiction treatment rarely incorporate neuroscience-informed approaches into their practice. We recently launched the Neuroscience Interest Group within the International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM-NIG) to promote initiatives to bridge this gap. This article summarizes the ISAM-NIG key priorities and strategies to achieve implementation of addiction neuroscience knowledge and tools for the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders. We cover two assessment areas: cognitive assessment and neuroimaging, and two interventional areas: cognitive training/remediation and neuromodulation, where we identify key challenges and proposed solutions. We reason that incorporating cognitive assessment into clinical settings requires the identification of constructs that predict meaningful clinical outcomes. Other requirements are the development of measures that are easily-administered, reliable, and ecologically-valid. Translation of neuroimaging techniques requires the development of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and testing the cost-effectiveness of these biomarkers in individualized prediction algorithms for relapse prevention and treatment selection. Integration of cognitive assessments with neuroimaging can provide multilevel targets including neural, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes for neuroscience-informed interventions. Application of neuroscience-informed interventions including cognitive training/remediation and neuromodulation requires clear pathways to design treatments based on multilevel targets, additional evidence from randomized trials and subsequent clinical implementation, including evaluation of cost-effectiveness. We propose to address these challenges by promoting international collaboration between researchers and clinicians, developing harmonized protocols and data management systems, and prioritizin

Published
2019

40. Transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation (tES and TMS) for addiction medicine: A consensus paper on the present state of the science and the road ahead

Author

Ekhtiari, H., Tavakoli, H., Addolorato, Giovanni, Baeken, C., Bonci, Antonello, Campanella, Salvatore, Castelo-Branco, L., Challet-Bouju, G., Clark, V. P., Claus, E., Dannon, P. N., Del Felice, A., den Uyl, T., Diana, Maria Letizia, Di Giannantonio, Massimo, Fedota, J. R., Fitzgerald, P., Gallimberti, L., Grall-Bronnec, M., Herremans, S. C., Herrmann, M. J., Jamil, A., Khedr, E., Kouimtsidis, C., Kozak, K., Krupitsky, E., Lamm, C., Lechner, W. V., Madeo, G., Malmir, N., Martinotti, Giovanni, Mcdonald, W. M., Montemitro, C., Nakamura-Palacios, E. M., Nasehi, M., Noel, X., Nosratabadi, M., Paulus, M., Pettorruso, Mauro, Pradhan, B., Praharaj, S. K., Rafferty, H., Sahlem, G., Salmeron, B. J., Sauvaget, A., Schluter, R. S., Sergiou, C., Shahbabaie, A., Sheffer, C., Spagnolo, P. A., Steele, V. R., Yuan, T. -F., van Dongen, J. D. M., Van Waes, V., Venkatasubramanian, G., Verdejo-Garcia, A., Verveer, I., Welsh, J. W., Wesley, M. J., Witkiewitz, K., Yavari, F., Zarrindast, M. -R., Zawertailo, L., Zhang, X., Cha, Y. -H., George, T. P., Frohlich, F., Goudriaan, A. E., Fecteau, S., Daughters, S. B., Stein, E. A., Fregni, F., Nitsche, M. A., Zangen, A., Bikson, M., Hanlon, C. A., Addolorato G. (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Bonci A., Campanella S., Diana M., di Giannantonio M., Martinotti G., Pettorruso M., Ekhtiari, H., Tavakoli, H., Addolorato, Giovanni, Baeken, C., Bonci, Antonello, Campanella, Salvatore, Castelo-Branco, L., Challet-Bouju, G., Clark, V. P., Claus, E., Dannon, P. N., Del Felice, A., den Uyl, T., Diana, Maria Letizia, Di Giannantonio, Massimo, Fedota, J. R., Fitzgerald, P., Gallimberti, L., Grall-Bronnec, M., Herremans, S. C., Herrmann, M. J., Jamil, A., Khedr, E., Kouimtsidis, C., Kozak, K., Krupitsky, E., Lamm, C., Lechner, W. V., Madeo, G., Malmir, N., Martinotti, Giovanni, Mcdonald, W. M., Montemitro, C., Nakamura-Palacios, E. M., Nasehi, M., Noel, X., Nosratabadi, M., Paulus, M., Pettorruso, Mauro, Pradhan, B., Praharaj, S. K., Rafferty, H., Sahlem, G., Salmeron, B. J., Sauvaget, A., Schluter, R. S., Sergiou, C., Shahbabaie, A., Sheffer, C., Spagnolo, P. A., Steele, V. R., Yuan, T. -F., van Dongen, J. D. M., Van Waes, V., Venkatasubramanian, G., Verdejo-Garcia, A., Verveer, I., Welsh, J. W., Wesley, M. J., Witkiewitz, K., Yavari, F., Zarrindast, M. -R., Zawertailo, L., Zhang, X., Cha, Y. -H., George, T. P., Frohlich, F., Goudriaan, A. E., Fecteau, S., Daughters, S. B., Stein, E. A., Fregni, F., Nitsche, M. A., Zangen, A., Bikson, M., Hanlon, C. A., Addolorato G. (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Bonci A., Campanella S., Diana M., di Giannantonio M., Martinotti G., and Pettorruso M.

Abstract

There is growing interest in non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a novel treatment option for substance-use disorders (SUDs). Recent momentum stems from a foundation of preclinical neuroscience demonstrating links between neural circuits and drug consuming behavior, as well as recent FDA-approval of NIBS treatments for mental health disorders that share overlapping pathology with SUDs. As with any emerging field, enthusiasm must be tempered by reason; lessons learned from the past should be prudently applied to future therapies. Here, an international ensemble of experts provides an overview of the state of transcranial-electrical (tES) and transcranial-magnetic (TMS) stimulation applied in SUDs. This consensus paper provides a systematic literature review on published data – emphasizing the heterogeneity of methods and outcome measures while suggesting strategies to help bridge knowledge gaps. The goal of this effort is to provide the community with guidelines for best practices in tES/TMS SUD research. We hope this will accelerate the speed at which the community translates basic neuroscience into advanced neuromodulation tools for clinical practice in addiction medicine.

Published
2019

41. Bark biomass and nutrient concentrations in tropical secondary forest trees of Malaysia

Author

Tanaka Kenzo, Daisuke Hattori, Paulus Meleng, Mohd Effendi Wasli, and Tomoaki Ichie

Subjects
Allometry, Functional traits, Macaranga, Mineral nutrients, Phosphorus, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Given the high-level physiological functions and nutrient concentrations of bark that cover the entire trunks of huge trees, research into bark nutrient traits and the development of models that estimate the bark biomass of tropical trees is essential when it is sought to understand forest nutrient cycling and tree ecological traits. This study investigated the concentrations of six bark nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na)) by individual tree size and the soil nutrient concentrations for two major pioneer species (Macaranga gigantea and M. hosei) of Malaysia. To estimate bark biomass, allometric equations using tree diameter, height, and crown diameter were developed by combining previous data from adjacent forests with the present data. We found no significant relationship between tree size and most bark nutrient concentrations, though all nutrient concentrations of the two pioneer trees were significantly higher than those of primary forest tree species. Surprisingly, no relationship was found between the soil and bark nutrient concentrations for either species. All the size parameters used in the allometric equations accurately estimated bark biomass. There were no differences in equations between the two species when diameter served as an explanatory variable, but differences were apparent when height and crown diameter were so used. A comparison of allometric equations that yielded the bark biomasses of different types of forest showed that the bark biomass of the tropical secondary forest trees was less than half of that of tropical dry forest trees of the same diameter. Thus, the use of inappropriate equations and nutrient concentrations increases the possibility of serious errors in estimating bark biomass and forest nutrient cycles.

Published
2024
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42. Deletion of Pofut1 in Mouse Skeletal Myofibers Induces Muscle Aging-Related Phenotypes in cis and in trans

Author

Mohammed Akaaboune, Megan L. Cramer, Neha Singhal, Peter White, Paul T. Martin, Kelly E. Crowe, Paulus M. L. Janssen, Mi Lyang Kim, Deborah A. Zygmunt, Jessica Adair, Ying Jia, Isabel Martinez-Pena y Valenzuela, and Rui Xu

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Aging, Sarcopenia, Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Neuromuscular Junction, Connective tissue, Cell Cycle Proteins, Biology, Neuromuscular junction, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Myosin, medicine, Myocyte, Animals, Molecular Biology, Cells, Cultured, Denervation, Motor Neurons, Receptors, Notch, Gene Expression Profiling, Wnt signaling pathway, Skeletal muscle, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Fucosyltransferases, Cell biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, Biochemistry, Gene Expression Regulation, Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass and strength during normal aging, involves coordinate changes in skeletal myofibers and the cells that contact them, including satellite cells and motor neurons. Here we show that the protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 gene (Pofut1), which encodes a glycosyltransferase required for NotchR-mediated cell-cell signaling, has reduced expression in aging skeletal muscle. Moreover, premature postnatal deletion of Pofut1 in skeletal myofibers can induce aging-related phenotypes in cis within skeletal myofibers and in trans within satellite cells and within motor neurons via the neuromuscular junction. Changed phenotypes include reduced skeletal muscle size and strength, decreased myofiber size, increased slow fiber (type 1) density, increased muscle degeneration and regeneration in aged muscles, decreased satellite cell self-renewal and regenerative potential, and increased neuromuscular fragmentation and occasional denervation. Pofut1 deletion in skeletal myofibers reduced NotchR signaling in young adult muscles, but this effect was lost with age. Increasing muscle NotchR signaling also reduced muscle size. Gene expression studies point to regulation of cell cycle genes, muscle myosins, NotchR and Wnt pathway genes, and connective tissue growth factor by Pofut1 in skeletal muscle, with additional effects on α dystroglycan glycosylation.

Published
2017

43. Perubahan struktur dan komposisi tegakan pada areal bekas tebangan sistem TPTI di Kalimantan Timur

Author

Marjenah Marjenah, Paulus Matius, Doto Tri Purnomo, Kiswanto Kiswanto, and Sutedjo Sutedjo

Subjects
areal bekas tebangan, jenis komersil, potensi tegakan, regenerasi hutan alam, struktur tegakan, Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

Komposisi jenis permudaan alami dan tegakan tinggal, menganalisis struktur dan volume tegakan tinggal pada areal hutan bekas tebangan umur 6 tahun, 4 tahun dan 2 tahun. Metode pembuatan plot menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling. Plot sampel berukuran 20 m x 125 m untuk pohon, sub plot berukuran 5 m x 5 m untuk pancang dan sub plot berukuran 2 m x 2 m untuk data semai. Hasil perhitungan yang diperoleh, komposisi jenis tingkat semai plot umur 6 tahun 29.500 individu/ha (28 jenis), tingkat pancang 7.360 individu/ha (35 jenis), tingkat pohon 356 individu/ha (46 jenis). Pada umur 4 tahun tingkat semai 77.000 individu/ha (26 jenis), tingkat pancang 8.400 individu/ha (33 jenis), tingkat pohon 360 individu/ha (50 jenis). Pada plot umur 2 tahun tingkat semai 44.500 individu/ha (37 jenis), tingkat pancang 2.400 individu/ha (17 jenis), tingkat pohon 272 individu/ha (43 jenis). Struktur tegakan tinggal di plot penelitian menunjukkan pada fase akhir pertumbuhan pohon memiliki jumlah yang semakin sedikit dan terdapat kesinambungan struktur horizontal dan vertikal. Potensi tegakan penebangan pada plot umur 6 tahun, sebesar 561,7 m3/ha dan 385,5 m3/ha; plot umur 4 tahun 406,3 m3/ha dan 150,3 m3/ha; pada plot umur 2 tahun 472,4 m3/ha dan 248,7 m3/ha; semuanya termasuk jenis komersil.

Published
2023
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44. ANALISIS POTENSI DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN SAYURAN (STUDI KASUS DI NEGERI TAWIRI KECAMATAN TELUK AMBON)

Author

Jeter D Siwalette, Paulus M Puttileihalat, and Aloysia Melsasail

Subjects
General Medicine, General Chemistry
Abstract

Sayuran merupakan tanaman pangan sebagai kebutuhan pokok masyarakat Kota Ambon, padahal petani yang mengelolah lahan pertanian untuk pengembangan tanaman sayuran sangat sedikit jumlahnya, fakta menunjukan bahwa lahan yang dikelolah untuk memproduksi tanaman sayur adalah petani pendatang dengan mengontrak lahan milik petani lokal (Negeri Tawiri ), hal ini menunjukan bahwa potensi lahan untuk dikembangkan tanaman sayuran masih sangat memungkinkan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui potensi petani dalam melaksanakan tanaman sayuran di Negeri Tawiri; 2) Mengetahui strategi pengembangan tanaman sayuran di negeri Tawiri. Sampel diambil secara sensus ke semua petani dengan jumlah 33 orang responden . Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1). potensi petani sayuran dalam mengoptimalkan lahan yang sempit sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan mereka.; 2) Strategi pengembangan tanaman sayuran sangat tergantung pada kemampuan sumber daya manusia dalam mengembangkan usahatani.

Published
2019
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45. RESILIENSI NAFKAH RUMAH TANGGA MASYARAKAT PESISIR DI NEGERI TAWIRI KECAMATAN TELUK AMBON KOTA AMBON

Author

Saskia S Wasahua, August E Pattiselanno, and Paulus M Puttileihalat

Subjects
General Medicine, General Chemistry
Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) Mengetahui resiliensi nafkah rumah tangga masyakat pesisir di Negeri Tawiri; 2) Mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi resiliensi nafkah rumahtangga masyarakat pesisir di Negeri Tawiri. Metode pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan adalah secara sengaja (purposive sampling) dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 30 responden. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Resiliensi dapat mempengaruhi masyarakat pesisir terhadap pola pikir untuk menjalani, mengatasi dan kuat saat menjalani kesulitan dalam mencari nafkah dan yang paling mempengaruhi adalah sumber resiliensi eksternal dan individu; 2) Resiliensi nafkah rumahtangga dipengaruhi dua faktor utama yaitu, faktor budaya dan faktor intelegensi. Kedua faktor tersebut mendominasi rumah tangga masyarakat pesisir namun yang lebih mendominasi adalah faktor Budaya. Hal itu karena adanya kebiasaan yang sudah ada sejak dulu dan terus di pertahankan sebagai warisan.

Published
2019
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46. Projected distances to host galaxy reduce SNIa dispersion

Author

Hill, Ryley, primary, Shariff, H, additional, Trotta, R, additional, Ali-Khan, S, additional, Jiao, X, additional, Liu, Y, additional, Moon, S-K, additional, Parker, W, additional, Paulus, M, additional, van Dyk, D A, additional, and Lucy, L B, additional

Published
2018
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47. Kegiatan Literasi Berbasis Pendekatan Montessori di SD Kanisius Sorowajan Yogyakarta

Author

Gregorius Ari Nugrahanta, Eko Hari Parmadi, Paulus Mamok Suparmo, Hilary Relita Vertikasari Sekarningrum, Ni Kadek Swandewi, and Fransiska Tyas Virya Prasanti

Subjects
literacy, montessori approach, love of learning, Technology (General), T1-995, Social Sciences, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

The decline in literacy skills and the character of students love of learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic at SD Kanisius Sorowajan Yogyakarta was the background for this community service activity. This activity aimed to improve reading and writing literacy as well as improve the character of students' enjoyment of learning by using the Montessori approach. The method used was Participatory Rural Appraisal involving teachers and grade 1 students. The results showed 1) there was an increase in literacy achievement in the ability to write cursive letters, cohesiveness of each letter, accuracy, completeness, and proportionality of each letter, layout accuracy, and completeness in copying and read stories. 2) There was an increase in the character of love of learning from pretest to posttest significantly by 44.162% with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) which was included in the large effect category r = 0.9636 with an effectiveness level of 60.84%.

Published
2022
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48. Quantitative analyses of T cell motion in tissue reveals factors driving T cell search in tissues

Author

David J Torres, Paulus Mrass, Janie Byrum, Arrick Gonzales, Dominick N Martinez, Evelyn Juarez, Emily Thompson, Vaiva Vezys, Melanie E Moses, and Judy L Cannon

Subjects
T cells, motility, tissue environment, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

T cells are required to clear infection, and T cell motion plays a role in how quickly a T cell finds its target, from initial naive T cell activation by a dendritic cell to interaction with target cells in infected tissue. To better understand how different tissue environments affect T cell motility, we compared multiple features of T cell motion including speed, persistence, turning angle, directionality, and confinement of T cells moving in multiple murine tissues using microscopy. We quantitatively analyzed naive T cell motility within the lymph node and compared motility parameters with activated CD8 T cells moving within the villi of small intestine and lung under different activation conditions. Our motility analysis found that while the speeds and the overall displacement of T cells vary within all tissues analyzed, T cells in all tissues tended to persist at the same speed. Interestingly, we found that T cells in the lung show a marked population of T cells turning at close to 180o, while T cells in lymph nodes and villi do not exhibit this “reversing” movement. T cells in the lung also showed significantly decreased meandering ratios and increased confinement compared to T cells in lymph nodes and villi. These differences in motility patterns led to a decrease in the total volume scanned by T cells in lung compared to T cells in lymph node and villi. These results suggest that the tissue environment in which T cells move can impact the type of motility and ultimately, the efficiency of T cell search for target cells within specialized tissues such as the lung.

Published
2023
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49. Critical Care Nursing in a Resource-Constrained Setting: A Qualitative Study of Critical Care Nurses’ Experiences Caring for Patients on Mechanical Ventilation

Author

Paulus Mukuve PGDip and Vistolina Nuuyoma PhD

Subjects
Nursing, RT1-120
Abstract

Introduction Managing a patient on mechanical ventilation is a vital aspect of clinical scope in intensive and critical care units. In addition, it is a highly technical, intricate, dynamic task requiring extensive knowledge and skills. Little is known about critical care nurses’ experiences caring for patients on mechanical ventilation in contexts where resources are constrained, creating an empirical gap in the available body of knowledge. Objective This study explored critical care nurses’ experiences caring for patients on mechanical ventilators at an intermediate hospital in northeastern Namibia. Method The study followed qualitative descriptive and explorative designs. The purposive sample included 13 critical care nurses who had cared for patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 6 months. Data were collected via individual unstructured interviews and analyzed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach. Results Four themes and eight subthemes emerged. Varied personal feelings, such as feeling proud, competent, exhausted, traumatized, overwhelmed, and concerns for patients’ well-being were experienced by critical care nurses. Participants described learning from colleagues in the unit and expressed concerns about not having postbasic training in critical care nursing. Negative experiences included concerns about community members’ misconceptions about critical care units and mechanical ventilators, and challenges with resources, personnel, and admission procedures. Conclusion Critical care nurses in resource-constrained settings have positive and negative experiences caring for patients on mechanical ventilators. The findings have implications for the development of support systems for critical care nurses, including induction programs, competence enhancement, psychological support, the development of guiding documents for admission, patient preparation and sensitization of community members. There is a need for this study to be replicated in other resource-constrained contexts where specialized critical care nurses are available.

Published
2023
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50. Hubungan karakteristik dengan keterdedahan media massa petani jambu mete (Kasus petani jambu mete di Desa Neumatang Kecamatan Wetar Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya)

Author

Paulus M. Puttileihalat and UMMU

Subjects
Applied Mathematics, General Mathematics, Pertanian, Jambu Mete, Keterdedahan, Maluku Barat Daya
Abstract

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai Oktober 2010, di Desa Neumatang Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik petani jambu mete dengan keterdedahan media massa. Metode penentuan responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah proposive sampling, dimana responden diambil secara sengaja terhadap petani yang melakukan kegiatan usahatani tanaman jambu mete berjumlah 10 orang. data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan sampel dan pengisian daftar pertanyaan yang sudah disiapkan sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan nyata antara karakteristik petani (umur, Pendidikan dan pengalaman) dengan keterdedahan petani pada media massa. Hal ini disebabkan karena walaupun semakin bertambahnya umur, tingginya tingkat pendidikan dan banyaknya pengalaman petani tidak didukung dengan ketersedian informasi jambu mete.

Published
2011
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