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No contexto de patrimônio cultural, identificou-se que a região possui um setor metalmecânico importante, no qual muitas empresas produzem para o setor automobilístico. Um selo é um importante instrumento para que os consumidores possam fazer suas escolhas, em diferentes segmentos, que via de regra, buscam informar características. Alguns selos são emitidos por Institutos como o INMETRO ou por outras entidades e até mesmo pelos próprios fabricantes. Por meio do diálogo construtivo e transformador, proposto no item II do artigo 6º da Resolução nº 7, de 18 de dezembro de 2018, com os demais setores da sociedade brasileira e internacional, respeitado e promovendo a interculturalidade, definiu-se a temática do projeto: o desenvolvimento de um selo de segurança com o tripé qualidade, sustentabilidade e nacionalidade para avaliar as peças automobilísticas produzidas pelas empresas Açopeças e Zen S/A.

Plant proteins contain bioactive peptides with functional properties and physiological activities.\ud In the present work, the bioactive peptides produced during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion\ud of soya protein isolate were investigated. Protein samples were subjected to simulated gastrointestinal\ud digestion with a generation of permeate (3 kDa) fractions.\ud The permeate was analysed by nano-liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation tandem\ud mass spectrometry (LC-nano ESI MS/MS) using a shotgun peptidomic approach, and the retentate\ud was further digested with trypsin and analysed using a shotgun proteomic approach. Based\ud on protein profile observed, the retentate was further tested for its potential antimicrobial activity\ud by evaluating the inhibitory effect on E. coli growth. In the present study the peptidomic/\ud proteomic characterisation of permeate and retentate fractions revealed the presence of bioactive\ud peptides and proteins associated with antioxidant, ACE-inhibitory, anti-hypertensive and\ud antimicrobial activities. The presence of potentially antimicrobial proteins in the retentate fraction\ud is supported by a marked E. coli F18þ growth inhibitory activity of the same fraction. In\ud particular, the growth inhibitory effect was significant from one until six hours of incubation\ud with 0.65–2.6 mg/ml of in vitro digested soya. The obtained data confirmed that soya-based supplements\ud may have potential beneficial effects after human consumption, and they may be recycled\ud for animal nutrition in line with the circular economy concept.

Magnesium (Mg) is a mineral that plays an essential role as cofactor of more than 300 enzymes.\ud Mg in farm animals’ and human nutrition is recommended to avoid Mg deficiency, ensure\ud adequate growth and health maintenance. Mg supplementation above the estimated minimum\ud requirements is the best practice to improve farm animals’ performances (fertility and yield) and\ud food products’ quality, since the performance of farm animals has grown in recent decades. Mg\ud supplementation in pigs increases meat quality and sows’ fertility; in poultry, it helps to avoid\ud deficiency-related health conditions and to improve meat quality and egg production by laying hens;\ud in dairy cows, it serves to avoid grass tetany and milk fever, two conditions related to hypomagnesaemia,\ud and to support their growth. Thus, Mg supplementation increases food products’ quality\ud and prevents Mg deficiency in farm animals, ensuring an adequate Mg content in animal-source\ud food. These latter are excellent Mg sources in human diets. Sub-optimal Mg intake by humans has\ud several implications in bone development, muscle function, and health maintenance. This review\ud summarizes the main knowledge about Mg in farm animals and in human nutrition.

Former food products (FFPs) are foodstuffs that, even though they are nutritious and safe, have lost their value on the human consumption market for different reasons, such as production errors leading to broken or intermediate foodstuffs, surpluses caused by logistical challenges of daily delivery, or any other reason. The nutritional features of FFPs include carbohydrates, free sugars, and possibly also fats. FFPs tend to have been processed through various technological and heat treatments that impact the nutrients and the kinetics of digestion, as well as animal response and, particularly, gastro-intestinal health. This review integrates some of the most recently published works about the chemical composition, nutritional value, digestibility and glycaemic index of ex-foods. In addition, a view on the relationship between the use of FFPs and safety issues and their effects on pigs&rsquo, intestinal microbiota are also given.

Over the past decades, several studies investigated the health-promoting functions of milk peptides. However, to date many hurdles still exist regarding the widespread use of milk-derived bioactive peptides, as they may be degraded during gastrointestinal digestion. Thus, the aim of our study was to in vitro digest intact whey protein isolate (WPI) and casein proteins (CNP), mimicking in vivo digestion, to investigate their bioactive effects and to identify the potential peptides involved. Whey protein isolate and CNP were digested using a pepsin-pancreatin protocol and ultra-filtered (3-kDa cutoff membrane). A permeate (3 kDa) were obtained. Soy protein was included as a control (CTR). Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE1-I) and antioxidant activity (AOX) were assessed and compared with those observed in undigested proteins and CTR. Furthermore, the permeate was characterized by nano-liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-nano ESI MS/MS) using a shotgun peptidomic approach, and retentate was further digested with trypsin and analyzed by MS using a shotgun proteomic approach to identify potentially bioactive peptides. Further, the effects of WPI, CNP, and CTR retentate on cell metabolic activity and on mucus production (MUC5AC and MUC2 gene expression) were assessed in intestinal goblet HT29-MTX-E12 cells. Results showed that WPI permeate induced a significant ACE1-I inhibitory effect [49.2 ± 0.64% (SEM)] compared with undigested WPI, CNP permeate, and retentate or CTR permeate (10.40 ± 1.07%). A significant increase in AOX (1.58 ± 0.04 and 1.61 ± 0.02 µmol of trolox AOX equivalents per mg of protein, respectively) upon digestion was found in WPI. Potentially bioactive peptides associated with ACE1-I and antihypertensive effects were identified in WPI permeate and CNP retentate. At specific concentrations, WPI, CNP, and CTR retentate were able to stimulate metabolic activity in HT29-MTX-E12 cells. Expression of MUC5AC was increased by CNP retentate and unaltered by WPI retentate; MUC2 expression was significantly increased by 0.33 mg/g of CNP and reduced by 1.33 mg/g of CNP. Our results confirm that milk proteins may be rich sources of bioactive compounds, with the greatest beneficial potential of CNP at the intestinal goblet cell level.

This study investigated the effect of extrusion on digestibility of different blends containing Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae or prepupae. Five blends of HI larvae or prepupae and wheat flour, in a ratio of 25:75, with or without sunflower oil addition, have been formulated as follows: prepupae+wheat (no oil); prepupae+wheat (low oil); prepupae+wheat (medium oil); prepupae+wheat (high oil); larvae+wheat (no oil). Ether extract (EE) content in different blend was 31.5, 38.9, 46.3, 53.7 and 46.27 g kg(-1) on wet basis (wb), respectively. Blends were homogeneous for moisture (238.9 g kg(-1)) and crude protein (112.6 g kg(-1) wb). Feed blends were extruded by a co-rotating, conical twin-screw mini extruder and net torque value (NTV) was recorded as indicator of extrudability. The best performing blend was furtherly tested at four barrel temperatures (60, 70, 80 and 90 degrees C). In vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD) and in vitro crude protein digestibility (CPD) were measured to evaluate the effect of extrusion process on nutritional value. Increasing the blend EE content up to 53.74g kg(-1) wb, NTV was reduced by four times (

Former food products (FFPs) represent a way by which leftovers from the food industry (e.g., biscuits, bread, breakfast cereals, chocolate bars, pasta, savoury snacks, and sweets) are converted into ingredients for the feed industry, thereby keeping food losses in the food chain. FFPs represent an alternative source of nutrients for animal feeding. However, beyond their nutritional value, the use of FFPs in animal feeding implies also safety issues, such as those related to the presence of packaging remnants. These contaminants might reside in FFP during food processing (e.g., collection, unpacking, mixing, grinding, and drying). Nowadays, artificial senses are widely used for the detection of foreign material in food and all of them involve computer vision. Computer vision technique provides detailed pixel-based characterizations of colours spectrum of food products, suitable for quality evaluation. The application of computer vision for a rapid qualitative screening of FFP’s safety features, in particular for the detection of packaging remnants, has been recently tested. This paper presents the basic principles, the advantages, and disadvantages of the computer vision method with an evaluation of its potential in the detection of packaging remnants in FFP.