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Creating vibrant urban places is a challenging task in urban design due to the intangible features of urbanity. This study introduces ‘Form Syntax 1.0’, a design analytical tool that employs computer visualisation and interaction techniques to build a three-dimensional interactive platform to facilitate this process. The three essential urban morphological elements—street accessibility, building density, typology, and functions—are quantified and combined to represent urban morphological features, thereby providing a measure of urban vitality. This analytical tool helps in meeting the demand of design practitioners to facilitate user exploration of urban morphological features and urban vitality, which is a measure of ‘unmeasurable’ perception in the past. It can be applied to various phases of urban design practices to develop vibrant urban places.

Though numerous studies have examined human mobility within an urban environment, few have explored the concept of urban vitality purely through the lens of urban transportation. Given the importance of different modes of transportation within a city, such analysis is necessary. In this short paper, we introduce the novel concept of mobility vitality by integrating human mobility and urban vitality, offering a multilayered framework to assess the degree of transportation and mobility within and between regions. The mobility patterns of three transportation modes, namely subway, taxicab, and bike-share, are first examined independently. These patterns are then aggregated to form the composite measure of static mobility vitality. Through this measure, we evaluate similarities between neighborhoods. Our results observed significant spatial differences in the travel patterns of three transportation modes on weekdays and weekends. Moreover, neighborhoods with high static mobility vitality have relatively similar mobility patterns. Ultimately, this approach aims to find neighborhoods with imbalanced transportation infrastructure or inadequate public.

Xiaomin Xie,* Guirong Bai,* Huili Liu, Li Zhang, YanTing He, Dan Qiang, Xiaoyan Zou Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan, 750001, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaomin XieDepartment of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, 2 Liqun Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13895189599Email xxm2324@126.comPurpose: This study investigates the possible roles and potential prediction ability of metabolic parameters in the early development of T2D by detecting their serum levels at different fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels.Methods: The subjects were included and divided into normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (PD), and T2Dsubgroups. Apart from detecting the levels of routine biochemical parameters, fasting serum insulin (FINS), 25(OH)D, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), thioredoxin (TRX), and NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) were detected. β-cell dysfunction (HOMA-β) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were assessed by homeostasis model assessment. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the risk of metabolic parameters, and their optimal cut-off values were obtained in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the Youden index.Results: Among the 207 subjects, aged from 20 to 60 years (44.62+12.92) contain 118 males and 89 females. There was a significantly lower trend of TRX, HOMA-β, and 25(OH)D following the higher FBG level among these three subgroups, while a significantly higher trend of all the other metabolic parameters. The multivariate analysis showed that subjects with higher values of TRX, HOMA-β, and 25(OH)D had a significantly lower risk for patients to be diagnosed as PD (aOR: 0.945, 0.961, and 0.543) and T2D (aOR