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Abstract Background Recent articles have explored the effect of worms on cancer cells. This review focused on various cell cultures employed to understand which cells are more commonly and less utilized. Methods The present review analyzed studies published between 2013 and 2023 to obtain information about different cell cultures used in cancer studies involving helminths. Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Results This search yielded 130 records, but 97 papers were excluded because they were either irrelevant to the research topic (n = 72) or contradicted the research idea (n = 25).The remaining twenty-one articles focused on different types of worms, such as Echinococcus granulosus, Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis felineus, Opisthorchis viverrini, Trichinella spiralis, Toxocara canis, and Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Conclusion Due to the presence of numerous antigens, parasites at different growth stages can impact various cells through unknown mechanisms. Given the high diversity of antigens and their effects, artificial intelligence can assist in predicting initial outcomes for future studies.

Abstract Background Studies have been conducted worldwide to investigate the level of adherence to personal protective measures or fear of COVID-19 among healthcare providers. However, few studies have examined the relationship between adherence to personal protective measures and fear of COVID-19. There is also a need for more information on this topic from Iran. This study investigated the relationship between adherence to personal protective measures against COVID-19 and fear of COVID-19 in the healthcare providers at Pastor Hospital of Bam, Iran, in 2022. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in August and September 2022 with 199 healthcare providers of Pastor Hospital of Bam, Iran. The study included medical, nursing, and paramedical staff at Pastor Hospital at the time of the study. Incomplete responses and failure to return the questionnaire to the researcher were exclusion criteria. The fear of COVID-19 scale and a checklist of personal protective measures were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results Of the 199 participants, 67.3% were female, and their mean age was 31 ± 4.55 years. The mean score for adherence to personal protective measures was 14.46 ± 3.39 (out of 23), and the mean score for fear of COVID-19 was 17.04 ± 4.58 (out of 35). Adherence to personal protective measures was higher among females than males (14.96 ± 2.99 vs. 13.43 ± 3.92, p = 0.003), in individuals who had attended infection control courses than in those who had not (15.57 ± 2.88 vs. 13.30 ± 3.50, p

Abstract Tropical cyclones can rapidly intensify under favorable oceanic and atmospheric conditions. This phenomenon is complex and difficult to predict, making it a serious challenge for coastal communities. A key contributing factor to the intensification process is the presence of prolonged high sea surface temperatures, also known as marine heatwaves. However, the extent to which marine heatwaves contribute to the potential of rapid intensification events is not yet fully explored. Here, we conduct a probabilistic analysis to assess how the likelihood of rapid intensification changes during marine heatwaves in the Gulf of Mexico and northwestern Caribbean Sea. Approximately 70% of hurricanes that formed between 1950 and 2022 were influenced by marine heatwaves. Notably, rapid intensification is, on average, 50% more likely during marine heatwaves. As marine heatwaves are on the increase due to climate change, our findings indicate that more frequent rapid intensification events can be expected in the warming climate.

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition that is connected with a decline in a person's memory as well as their cognitive ability. One of the key topics of AD research has been the exploration of metabolic causes. We investigated the effects of treadmill exercise and intranasal insulin on learning and memory impairment and the expression of IGF1, BDNF, and GLUT4 in hypothalamus. The animals were put into 9 groups at random. In this study, we examined the impact of insulin on spatial memory in male Wistar rats and analyzed the effects of a 4-week pretreatment of moderate treadmill exercise and insulin on the mechanisms of improved hypothalamic glucose metabolism through changes in gene and protein expression of IGF1, BDNF, and GLUT4. We discovered that rat given Aβ25–35 had impaired spatial learning and memory, which was accompanied by higher levels of Aβ plaque burden in the hippocampus and lower levels of IGF1, BDNF, and GLUT4 mRNA and protein expression in the hypothalamus. Additionally, the administration of exercise training and intranasal insulin results in the enhancement of spatial learning and memory impairments, the reduction of plaque burden in the hippocampus, and the enhancement of the expression of IGF1, BDNF, and GLUT4 in the hypothalamus of rats that were treated with Aβ25–35. Our results show that the improvement of learning and spatial memory due to the improvement of metabolism and upregulation of the IGF1, BDNF, and GLUT4 pathways can be affected by pretreatment exercise and intranasal insulin.

Scientific and technological developments, especially in the field of information and communication technology, have caused significant changes in people's daily lives, and remote work has been promoted as a new approach in managing work and performing activities, especially in the conditions created by the Corona pandemic. This study examines the concept of remote work in a special framework that includes the Corona period and the fifth industrial revolution and emphasizes the need for comprehensive scientific attention and innovative methods. To solve these challenges, this research presents a comprehensive model by applying the soft systems methodology (SSM), which takes into account the perspectives and limitations of different stakeholders and aims to increase the implementation of remote work. Using systematic methods and qualitative data analysis, this study develops the model in a flexible and comprehensive way. In addition, it highlights the role of technology, organizational culture and management strategies in reducing social isolation and increasing telework efficiency. The findings emphasize the dynamic aspect of the remote work ecosystem and emphasize the importance of multifaceted solutions for organizational success in the era of the fifth industrial revolution.

Abstract The present study aimed to assess the anti-leishmanial effects of curcumin nanoemulsion (CUR-NE) against Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER) in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. CUR-NE was successfully prepared via the spontaneous emulsification method. The in vitro effect of various concentrations of CUR-NE against L. major promastigotes was assessed using the flow cytometry method. In vivo experiments were carried out in BALB/c mice inoculated subcutaneously with 2 × 106 L. major promastigotes. Mice were treated with topical CUR-NE (2.5 mg/ml), intra-lesion injection of CUR-NE (2.5 mg/ml), topical CUR suspension (CUR-S, 2.5 mg/ml), topical NE without CUR (NE-no CUR), amphotericin B as the positive control group, and infected untreated mice as the negative control group. In vitro exposure of promastigotes to CUR-NE showed a dose-dependent anti-leishmanial effect, with a 67.52 ± 0.35% mortality rate at a concentration of 1250 µg/ml and an IC50 of 643.56 µg/ml. In vivo experiments showed that topical CUR-NE and CUR-S significantly decreased the mean lesion size in mice after four weeks from 4.73 ± 1.28 to 2.78 ± 1.28 mm and 4.45 ± 0.88 to 3.23 ± 0.59 mm, respectively (p = 0.001). Furthermore, CUR-NE significantly decreased the parasite load in treated mice compared with the negative control group (p = 0.001). Results from the current study demonstrated the promising activity of CUR-NE against L. major in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Moreover, CUR-NE was more efficient than CUR-S in healing and reducing parasite burden in mouse models. Future studies should aim to identify molecular mechanisms as well as the pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic aspects of CUR-NE.

Abstract Background Community Mental Health Centers (CMHCs) offer affordable mental health services in a less stigmatized environment, in a domiciliary setting. This study aimed to shed light on the epidemiological factors of patients attending CMHCs of Mashhad, their referral status, and treatment. Methods This study was conducted over the medical records of patients seen by psychiatrists between January 2014 and December 2021 in Mashhad's CMHC, the northeast of Iran. A detailed questionnaire was used to extract data from medical records about the epidemiological characteristics, diagnosed mental illnesses, referral status, and how often they visited the psychiatrist. The association between epidemiological findings and patient referral (referral system or self-referral) as well as the association between epidemiological findings and the number of psychiatric revisits were examined using the Chi-square test. Results Out of 662 patients, 472 (71%) were female and 190 (29%) were male, with an average age of 29 years. Among the 475 adult patients, 367 (77.3%) were married, with the majority being homemakers (56.4%). Major Depression Disorder (MDD) (32%) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) (18.3%) were the most prevalent mental health conditions among patients. The majority of patients (74.9%) were referred to the CMHC of Mashhad from Primary Healthcare centers (PHCs) and psychiatric hospitals. Furthermore, female gender and patients with lower level of education were associated with more referral through from referral system. Of note, 431 patients (65.1%) did not return for a second visit, the ratio of treatment dropout was higher for patients with lower education levels. Conclusions Referral system should be more practical in Iran to enhance health services in CMHCs. It is recommended that PHCs undergo certain modifications to enhance the referral process for patients with mental health conditions, focusing on common mental disorders and individuals with low socioeconomic level.

Summary: The mechanical properties and forces of the extracellular environment modulate alveolar epithelial cell behavior. To model cancer/fibrosis associated stiffening and dynamic stretch, a biomimetic device was developed that imitates the active forces in the alveolus, while allowing control over the interstitial matrix stiffness. Alveolar epithelial A549 cancer cells were cultured on the devices and their transcriptome was profiled with RNA sequencing. Pathway analysis showed soft materials upregulated the expression of proteoglycans associated with cancer. Consequently, liposomes were modified with peptides targeting heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfates of the cell surface glycocalyx. Chondroitin sulfate A targeting improved uptake in cells seeded on stiff biomimetic devices, which is attributed to increased chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan localization on cell surfaces in comparison to cells grown on soft devices. These results demonstrate the critical role that mechanical stiffness and stretch play in the alveolus and the importance of including these properties in nanotherapeutic design.

Abstract Background Depression is one of the most common mental disorders that leads to anxiety, sleep disturbances, and suicidal thoughts. Due to the high cost of treatment and the reluctance of many patients to seek medical help, major depressive disorder (MDD) is becoming more prevalent. Therefore, alternative methods like smartphone applications can help prevent and improve depression symptoms. The present study aimed to determine the effect of the newly developed Yara smartphone application on anxiety, sleep quality, and suicidal thoughts in patients with MDD. Methods This randomized controlled trial with a pretest-posttest design was conducted on Iranian patients with MDD in 2022. Sixty-four patients were recruited using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two control and intervention groups. The intervention was conducted using the Yara smartphone application for three months. Data were collected using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI). Data were first entered into IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA) and then analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the mean score of anxiety and sleep quality between the intervention and control groups before the intervention (p ≥ .05). However, this difference in the mean score of anxiety and sleep quality was statistically significant in the two groups after the intervention (p < .05). The results showed no statistically significant difference in the mean score of suicidal thoughts between the two groups before and after the intervention (p ≥ .05). The use of the Yara smartphone application had a significant positive effect on anxiety and sleep quality in depressed patients (p < .001). At the same time, it had no significant effect on suicidal thoughts (p ≥ .05). Conclusion Considering the positive effect of using the Yara smartphone application on reducing anxiety and improving sleep quality in depressed patients, this application can help alleviate the problems of depressed patients alongside existing treatment methods. Thus, this application is recommended for this group of patients in psychiatric clinics and departments. The Yara application's effectiveness was not approved on suicidal thoughts in this study so that further investigation would be necessary. Trial Registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trial approval code (IRCT# IRCT20131112015390N7).

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented natural experiment in drug policy, treatment delivery, and harm reduction strategies by exposing wide variation in public health infrastructures and social safety nets around the world. Using qualitative data including ethnographic methods, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews with people who use drugs (PWUD) and Delphi-method with experts from field sites spanning 13 different countries, this paper compares national responses to substance use during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Field data was collected by the Substance Use x COVID-19 (SU x COVID) Data Collaborative, an international network of social scientists, public health scientists, and community health practitioners convened to identify and contextualise health service delivery models and social protections that influence the health and wellbeing of PWUD during COVID-19. Findings suggest that countries with stronger social welfare systems pre-COVID introduced durable interventions targeting structural drivers of health. Countries with fragmented social service infrastructures implemented temporary initiatives for PWUD led by non-governmental organisations. The paper summarises the most successful early pandemic responses seen across countries and ends by calling for greater systemic investments in social protections for PWUD, diversion away from criminal-legal systems toward health interventions, and integrated harm reduction, treatment and recovery supports for PWUD.

The impact of three different pulse durations (100 fs, 1, and 10 ps) on the formation of laser hyperdoped black silicon with respect to surface morphology, sub‐bandgap absorptance, the sulfur concentration profile, and the effective minority carrier lifetime after Al2O3 surface passivation is investigated. The current flow behavior is compared through the hyperdoped layer by I–V measurements after hyperdoping with different pulse durations. For conditions that give the same absolute sub‐bandgap absorptance, an increase in pulse duration from 100 fs to 10 ps results in a shallower sulfur concentration profile. Findings are explained by an increasing ablation threshold from 0.19 J cm−2 for a pulse duration of 100 fs to 0.21 J cm−2 for 1 ps and 0.34 J cm−2 for 10 ps. The formation of an equally absorbing layer with a shallower doping profile results in a reduction in contact and/or sheet resistance. Despite the higher local sulfur concentration, the samples show no decrease in carrier lifetime measured by quasi‐steady‐state photoconductance decay on Al2O3 surface‐passivated samples. The investigation shows that longer pulses of up to 10 ps during laser hyperdoping of silicon result in advanced layer properties that promise to be beneficial in a potential device application.

Abstract Background Cats in Iran are definitive hosts for several zoonotic intestinal helminths, such as Toxocara cati, Dipylidium caninum, Toxascaris leonina, Physaloptera praeputialis and Diplopylidium nolleri. Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminth infection in free‐roaming cats in southeast Iran, a region with a high free‐roaming cat population. Methods From January 2018 to December 2021, 153 cadavers of free‐roaming cats from Southeast Iran were necropsied for intestinal helminth infections. The carcasses were dissected, and the digestive systems were removed. The esophagus, stomach, small intestine, caecum and colon were tightly ligated. All adult helminths were collected, preserved and identified. Results The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections was 80.39% (123/153). Of the cats from Kerman, 73% (73/100) were infected with at least one helminth, including D. caninum 70% (70/100), T. leonina 8% (8/100) and P. praeputialis 17% (17/100). Concurrent infection with two helminth species was found in 16% (16/100) and of three species infections was found in 3% (3/100) of the cats. Of the cats from Zabol, 94.33% (50/53) were infected with at least one of the helminths, including D. caninum 69.81% (37/53), T. leonina 11.32% (6/53), P. praeputialis 37.73% (20/53) and T. cati 5.66% (3/53). Concurrent infection with two helminth species was found in 28.3% (15/53), and three species were found in 1.88% (1/53) of the cats. Helminth infections were more prevalent in older cats. There was no association between sex and infection rate. Conclusion Based on the very high prevalence of zoonotic intestinal helminth infections in free‐roaming cats in southeast Iran, the potential public health risk emphasizes the need for intersectoral collaboration, particularly the provision of health and hygiene education to high‐risk populations, such as pre‐school and school‐age children.

Supply chain management (SCM) that is Lean, Agile, Resilient, and Green (LARG) are required for competitiveness in today's complex, high-demand market. SCM must consider LARG paradigms concurrently, a rarely investigated topic. This study provides a comprehensive review of publications that combine all four LARG principles in engineering, business, and management domains. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, two Scopus and Google Scholar databases were exhaustively examined. Thirty-two manuscripts were selected for a comprehensive review. The year of publication, document type, countries, authors, journals, keywords, and topics was analyzed from 2000 to 2023. Also, each paper's methodology, central topic, findings, limitations, and future recommendations were outlined. Consequently, the current systematic literature review (SLR) revealed that the proposed topic is in its infancy, with promising prospects. By emphasizing the findings of this study, managers and businesses can increase consumer satisfaction and reduce costs.

While decent work has emerged as the central theme of the psychology of work theory and a global concept and directive for promoting social, political, and economic justice, it has garnered increasing scientific and political attention in the past two decades. However, until now, no defined measurement scale for the pharmaceutical supply chain exists. The present study aims to design and validate key performance indicators (KPIs) for 'decent work' in the pharmaceutical industry supply chain of Iran, using the Decent Work Daffi Scale (2017) as a reliable framework with five sub-scales and 15 items, tested and validated. For the validation of the Decent Work Scale, a quantitative survey study was conducted among selected pharmaceutical industry experts with a sample size of 228 individuals in the year 2023. The current study adopted an exploratory factor analysis approach using SPSS software and a confirmatory factor analysis through AMOS version 24 software. In this context, the factor structure, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were examined. The results showed that the five-factor structure outperforms the one-factor model with evidence supporting the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of the five-factor scale. Thus, the measurement of decent work in the pharmaceutical industry of Iran comprises five sub-scales: occupational safety conditions, access to healthcare, adequate remuneration, Free time and rest, and alignment of organizational values with family and societal values. This scale can serve as a useful tool for industrial and organizational psychology research, as well as for studies on the sustainability of social supply chains.

The purpose of this research is to compile a model of digital marketing strategies in successful Iranian startups. According to its purpose, the research method is practical, and in terms of its implementation, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part includes 13 academic and executive experts in the field of startups in the country, who were selected using the purposeful judgment method and the snowball method, and the statistical population in the quantitative part includes the marketing unit of active successful startups. There are 250 people in the country (5 companies) and marketing professors of 5 top universities in Tehran, and the statistical sample was 148 people, 180 distributed and 163 analytical questionnaires were selected using Morgan's table. A semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire taken from the qualitative section were used to collect information. In the qualitative part, the data theory method of the foundation was used, and the data obtained from the interviews were coded and analyzed in the three main stages of open coding, central coding, and selective coding, and in the quantitative part, the factor analysis of the indicators was done. The results of the qualitative part indicated that 241 primary codes, 46 central codes and 14 selective codes were identified and extracted. The results of the research showed that the causal conditions with 4 variables of network capability, use of artificial intelligence, marketing capability and customer knowledge have an effect on digital marketing strategies, and the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit indices of the model were confirmed. Extended Abstract Introduction With the growth of ECT technologies including artificial intelligence, GPS, Bluetooth, QR code and other mobile and Internet connected technologies, marketers can offer micro-experiences/activities/services at an ultra-local level and adjust their messaging to effectively target small consumer segments locally (Singh & Keating, 2018). In this regard, digital marketing activities including mobile marketing, search engine based marketing, institutional marketing, email marketing, social network based marketing, etc. have been proposed. (Dwivedi et al, 2020). On the other hand, social networks have also created new challenges and advantages. It is important for companies to act in the field of specialized social networks so that digital marketing is not used by inexperienced experts and companies are safe from adverse effects by paying special attention to aligning their organizational goals with digital marketing solutions (Aswani et al., 2019). Internet technology and the increase in the number of Internet startups have fundamentally affected the world economy. The Internet provides companies with the opportunity to offer their products and services internationally 24 hours a day (Kohler, 2016). Experience shows that in the future, all organizations must operate online in order to remain competitive. The cost of advertising and marketing products and services on the Internet is very low compared to advertising and distribution costs related to traditional methods. Small and medium businesses are an important part of the economy in all countries, but they are heavily influenced by rapid changes in the external environment, especially demographic and economic. These rapid changes affect the marketing department of these businesses to meet the needs and expectations of customers in order to maintain a competitive position in the market (Sedaghati & Seiedin, 2023). Based on this, the current research is looking for an answer to this question: How is the formulation of digital marketing strategies model in successful Iranian startups? Theoretical Framework Digital marketing The term digital marketing has been referred to as a subset of marketing management and advertising management since two decades ago (Kannan, 2017). Digital marketing includes the set of all tools and activities that are used to market products and services on a digital platform (web, mobile internet or other (digital) tools) (Vaziri Gohar & Abdolhosani, 2020).Digital marketing strategiesIn this changing world, there is an urgent need for a strategic vision and a clear strategy map to sustain business growth. As a result, organizations cannot implement digital marketing without a clear definition of the strategy.Create a good quality customer experience.In defining the digital marketing strategy, management should determine the transition plan to identify the ability of human resources to cope with the change. The company must help, accompany its employees during this transformation, and invest in their retention and competitive advantage (Erdmann & Ponzoa, 2021). Javid et al, (2023) investigated the quality of customer relationship management for the development of digital marketing strategies in Bank-e Shahr. The results of the research showed that the variables of infrastructure, organizational environment, customer orientation, human resources, communication management, service quality, management and planning, strategic management, marketing and performance are in a favorable condition in Bank-e Shahr. The use of up-to-date technologies and the implementation of a suitable organizational structure for managing relationships with customers were identified as reasons for this favorability. Hamdi et al, (2023) investigated the identification of dimensions and components of acceptance of customer relationship management social systems by professional users using Web 2.0 technology. The identified factors were extracted in the form of 40 indicators, 8 components and 3 dimensions. Components and indicators of dimensions and components of acceptance of customer relationship management social systems, including three dimensions; organizational, customer, and technological; which organizational dimension has three components (manpower, organizational culture, organizational structure), customer dimension includes three components (value creation, performance expectation, customer satisfaction), and technological has been identified as having two components (social networks, content production). Research methodology According to its purpose, the research method is applicable, and in terms of its implementation, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part includes 13 academic and executive experts in the field of startups in the country, who were selected using the purposeful judgment method and the snowball method; and the statistical population in the quantitative part includes the marketing unit of active successful startups in the country (5 companies) and marketing professors of 5 top universities in Tehran; as many as 250 people, and the statistical sample was 148 people, 180 analytical questionnaires distributed and 163 were selected using Morgan's table. A semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire taken from the qualitative section were used to collect information. Research findings In the qualitative part, the data-based theory method was used, and the data obtained from the interviews were coded and analyzed in the three main stages of open coding, central coding, and selective coding; and in the quantitative part, factor analysis of the indicators was done. The results of the qualitative part indicated that 241 primary codes, 46 central codes and 14 selective codes were identified and extracted. The results of the research showed that causal conditions with 4 variables of network capability, use of artificial intelligence, marketing capability and customer knowledge have an effect on digital marketing strategies; and the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit indices of the model were confirmed. Conclusion The current research has been conducted with the aim of developing a model of digital marketing strategies in successful Iranian startups. The results of the present study are in agreement with the results of Javid et al, (2023), Saeidi & Hoseinzadeh Naer (2022), Gholipur (2022), Boban et al, (2020), Bozkut & Gligor (2021), Musavirad & Ahmadi (2022), Dehghan (2018). Malek Akhlagh et al, (2021) showed that electronic customer relationship management means the development of traditional customer relationship management with the help of Internet technologies and an attempt to improve and fill the communication gap in which companies' marketing performance helps through examining the created development. Digitalization blurs the boundaries between technology and management and facilitates new business models based on the concepts, methods and tools of the digital environment. According to the results obtained from the research, it is suggested: Strengthening business practices with the aim of increasing competitiveness based on artificial intelligence should be considered, which leads to a major transformation in business. By using artificial intelligence, startups are able to identify, consider and understand their target buyers, and understand which type of product may be most needed at a specific time. With the evolution of big data and technologies, startups will be able to estimate buyer activity and monitor data-driven companies in any catastrophic situation and will obtain significant results that will improve their marketing decisions. Based on marketing capabilities, startups can meet the needs of current and new customers both through the development of new products and through the development of features and applications of existing products in order to ensure stability and survival, and to avoid shocks caused by new waves of competition based on new technologies.

‎The notion of a (branchwise) commutative $BI$-algebra is presented, and some related properties are investigated. We show that the class of commutative $BH$-algebras is broader than the class of commutative $BI$-algebras. Moreover, we %show that prove every singular $BI$-algebra is a $BH$-algebra. Also, we define the commutative ideals in $BI$-algebras and characterize the commutative $BI$-algebras in terms of commutative ideals.

Sjögrens disease is a complex autoimmune disease with twelve established susceptibility loci. This genome-wide association study (GWAS) identifies ten novel genome-wide significant (GWS) regions in Sjögrens cases of European ancestry: CD247, NAB1, PTTG1-MIR146A, PRDM1-ATG5, TNFAIP3, XKR6, MAPT-CRHR1, RPTOR-CHMP6-BAIAP6, TYK2, SYNGR1. Polygenic risk scores yield predictability (AUROC = 0.71) and relative risk of 12.08. Interrogation of bioinformatics databases refine the associations, define local regulatory networks of GWS SNPs from the 95% credible set, and expand the implicated gene list to >40. Many GWS SNPs are eQTLs for genes within topologically associated domains in immune cells and/or eQTLs in the main target tissue, salivary glands.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effective factors in predicting the academic performance of undergraduate students in the classification of four classes. To achieve this goal, the study follows the CRISP data mining method. The data set was extracted from the NAD educational system for the bachelor's degree in Shahed University for the entry of the years 2011 to 2021. 1468 records were used in data mining. First, the effective features on students' academic performance were extracted. Modeling was done using Rapidminer9.9 tool. To improve classification performance and satisfactory prediction accuracy, we use a combination of principal component analysis combined with machine learning algorithms and feature selection techniques and optimization algorithms. The performance of the prediction models is verified using 10-fold cross-validation. The results showed that the decision tree algorithm is the best algorithm in predicting students' performance with an accuracy of 84.71%. This algorithm correctly predicted the graduation of 77.88% of excellent students, 85.26% of good students, 84.69% of medium students, and 85.96% of weak students based on the final GPA.

Background: Appearance quality, which means the perception of each person about their body image and the level of satisfaction with this situation, is one of the important issues in the field of cosmetic surgery, and if it is not fulfilled, it leads to a complaint and a case is raised in the forensic medical commissions of the province. Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the sociological improvement of appearance quality in cosmetic surgery victims in forensic medical commissions of Tehran province. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 276 cosmetic surgery victims whom medical malpractice was confirmed twice in 2018 and 2019 by the Forensic Medical Commissions of Tehran Province were included. A researcher-made questionnaire generated from a qualitative study on 24 individuals was used to assess the appearance quality in terms of satisfaction with appearance and life. Results: The majority of participants were in the 28-37 years age group (43.1%). The mean score of satisfaction with appearance was 11.18±3.60, and the mean score of satisfaction with life was 17.41±6.68. In total, the mean appearance quality was 28.59±8.67. There was a significant relationship between appearance quality and cosmetic surgery complaints (P

IntroductionWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important grains used in the world and its production is reduced in different regions due to drought stress. the plant antioxidant system can scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced under drought. Induction of mutation using gamma ray is one of the common methods for genetic modification and identification of tolerant and resistant mutants. Mutant T65-58-8 is one of these drought tolerant genotypes that has been obtained by irradiation to Tabasi wheat genotype. The wheat plant needs irrigation during the flowering stage and drought stress is very important in this stage. In this study, in the flowering stage, the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) involved in the mechanisms of tolerance to oxidative damage of ROS in the flag leaf were studied and the expression of the genes related to these enzymes was investigated using RNAseq. method.Materials and methodsDrought stress was applied based on field capacity (FC). The experiment was performed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Factors studied in this experiment include genotype at two levels (Tabasi parent and Mutant T65-58-8) and drought stress at 5 levels (100% FC or control, 75%, 22%, re-sampling from control pots at 18% FC and sampling after re-irrigation to the pot when had 90% FC). Wheat growth stages can be studied by Zadoks index. SOD activity was measured by Minami and Yoshikawa method, CAT activity by Aebi method, GR activity by Foyer and Halliwell method and GPX activity by Hopkins and Tudhope method. RNA sequencing was performed using Illumina NovaSeq 6000. Gene expression was obtained based on sequencing data by Bowtie2, Tophat2, HTseq-count and Featurecount softwares. After normalization by generating FPKM, Log2FC gene expression was calculated.Results and discussionExamination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) indices showed a significant difference (p

Background: Air pollution is one of the most important problems facing people all over the world today, especially in big cities. The ever-increasing population growth, as well as the increase in vehicles and the number of industrial factories in the city of Isfahan, have led to this city being considered one of the largest industrial cities in Iran. Therefore, this city is considered the second most polluted city in Iran after Tehran. The city of Isfahan faces the crisis of air pollution on many days of the year, which directly and indirectly affects all aspects of people's lives in this city. Among these impacts is the quality of rainwater in the area, which joins the surface and groundwater in the region and affects its quality. This cycle will continue and air pollution will affect the quality of drinking water, agriculture, respiratory diseases and, in a word, the health of the people in this region.Materials and methods: In this study, the effects of air pollution in Isfahan on the quality of rainwater in the 10th district of Isfahan city were investigated. The quality of rainwater was studied based on the World Health Organization standard for drinking water, APHA standard for running water, Chinese standard for agricultural use, and Iranian standard for drinking water and agricultural use. To evaluate the air quality of the region, the statistics of the Isfahan Meteorological Organization station were used and the meteorological parameters were analyzed based on the American Environmental Protection Agency standards. Results: The results showed that the EC value of rainwater is more sensitive than pH to determine the suitability of rainwater quality for drinking uses, so when considering pH, many samples have favorable quality, but when considering EC value of the same sample, the quality of rainwater is unfavorable. The results of air quality monitoring based on the amount of PM2.5 on rainy days showed that 5 days were clean, 13 days were acceptable, and 6 days were unsanitary for sensitive groups. Conclusion: Isfahan urban runoff needs to be treated for drinking but it is suitable for agriculture. The results showed that the EC of rainwater is more dependent than pH to the rainfall depth. The results show that rainfall with a relatively small depth caused a significant increase in EC of stormwater. This decrease in the amount of precipitation has led to an increase in the amount of CO and PM2.5 in the atmosphere. The amount of rainfall did not affect the pH of rainwater, while with the increase of rainfall depth, the EC of rainwater has decreased significantly. In general, rainfall depth has a significant effect on EC concentration of rainwater. The results showed that in all the rainy days, the amount of CO, SO2 and O3 pollutants are in a clean state.