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Lower serum levels of zinc and magnesium are associated with worse oral cGVHD and dysgeusia in cGVHD patients

Rak usne šupljine spada među 10 najčešćih neoplazmi i prema podacima SZO u svijetu su 2012. godine registrirana 300.373 nova slučaja oralnog karcinoma, a umrle su 145.353 osobe. Glavni rizični čimbenici za nastanak oralnog karcinoma su duhan i alkohol što objašnjava i veću pojavnost bolesti među muškarcima. U novije vrijeme infekcija s humanim papiloma virusom postaje važan etiološki čimbenik što uz promjenu stila života i prihvaćanje štetnih navika mijenja trendove učestalosti oralnog karcinoma i obolijeva sve više žena i mladih ljudi. Pojavi oralnog karcinoma obično prethode prekancerozna oštećenja oralne sluznice koja se, ako se rano otkriju, mogu uspješno liječiti. Zbog toga postoji potreba za učinkovitim metodama rane detekcije raka usne šupljine i lezija koje mu prethode. Ključnu ulogu u ranom otkrivanju raka usne šupljine imaju doktori dentalne medicine tijekom rutinskih stomatoloških pregleda ili u okviru programa probira. Edukacija studenata dentalne medicine kao i redoviti programi kontinuirane edukacije doktora dentalne medicine i drugih zdravstvenih djelatnih uključenih u brigu o oralnom zdravlju ključ su uspješne prevencije i ranog otkrivanja raka usne šupljine. Oral cancer (OC) is one of the 10th most common neoplasms globally and according to WHO Cancer Register there were an estimated 300.373 new cases diagnosed and 145.353 deaths recorded in 2012. The major recognized risk factors include smoking and alcohol what is possible explanation for higher incidence among men. Recently, oral human papilloma virus infection emerged as important etiological factor contributing together with life style changes and adoption of harmful habits to general trend for increasing incidence of OC among women and young persons. In spite of diagnostic and therapeutic development in OC patients’ mortality and morbidity rates remain high with no advancement in last 30 years. Most oral cancers develop from precancerous lesion of oral cavity mucosa and early detection is crucial for successful treatment. The doctors of dental medicine play key role in the early detection of oral cancer doing regular inspection of the oral mucosa to all their patients during routine examination or in screening programs. Appropriate education of dental medicine students and continuing education programs of general dentists are needed to increase successful prevention and early detection of oral cancer.