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Patients diagnosed with lung cancer (LC) exhibit increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Rodilla et al. monitor the levels of plasma anti-nucleocapsid antibodies within a cohort of fully vaccinated LC patients and reveal that the actual infection rate is nearly twice the documented rate, indicating a significant prevalence of unreported cases., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests F.R.H. reports advisory boards participation with Amgen, AstraZeneca, Genentech, Merck, Novocure, NextCure, Regeneron, Sanofi, Daiichi, G1 Therapeutics, Novartis, Merus Therapeutics, and ITeos Therapeutics. F.R.H. also reports a patent through University of Colorado on “EGFR Protein and Gene Copy Number as Predictive Biomarker for EGFR-directed Therapy.” The A.G.-S. laboratory has received research support from GSK, Pfizer, Senhwa Biosciences, Kenall Manufacturing, Blade Therapeutics, Avimex, Johnson & Johnson, Dynavax, 7Hills Pharma, Pharmamar, ImmunityBio, Accurius, Nanocomposix, Hexamer, N-fold LLC, Model Medicines, Atea Pharma, Applied Biological Laboratories, and Merck, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. reports consulting agreements for the following companies involving cash and/or stock: Castlevax, Amovir, Vivaldi Biosciences, Contrafect, 7Hills Pharma, Avimex, Pagoda, Accurius, Esperovax, Farmak, Applied Biological Laboratories, Pharmamar, CureLab Oncology, CureLab Veterinary, Synairgen, Paratus, Pfizer, and Prosetta, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. has been an invited speaker in meeting events organized by Seqirus, Janssen, Abbott, and Astrazeneca. A.G.-S. is inventor on patents and patent applications on the use of antivirals and vaccines for the treatment and prevention of virus infections and cancer, owned by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, outside of the reported work. F.K. reports filed patents through The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai relating to SARS-CoV-2 serological assays, NDV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, influenza virus vaccines, and influenza virus therapeutics, which list F.K. as co-inventor. Mount Sinai has spun out a company, Kantaro, to market serological tests for SARS-CoV-2, and another company, Castlevax, to develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. F.K. is co-founder and scientific advisory board member of Castlevax. F.K. has consulted for Merck, Curevac, Seqirus, and Pfizer and is currently consulting for 3rd Rock Ventures, GSK, Gritstone, and Avimex. The Krammer laboratory is also collaborating with Dynavax on influenza vaccine development. D.E.G. reports research funding: Astra-Zeneca, BerGenBio, Karyopharm, and Novocure; stock ownership: Gilead, Medtronic, and Walgreens; consulting/advisory boards: Astra-Zeneca, Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Daiichi-Sankyo, Elevation Oncology, Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, and Sanofi; intellectual property: US patent applications 16/487,335, 17/045,482, 63/386,387, 63/382,972, and 63/382,257; and co-founder and chief scientific officer, OncoSeer Diagnostics, LLC. A.M. reports advisory board participation with Bayer, BMS, Exact Sciences, Gilead, and Novartis andboard of directors of NTRKers. A.M.’s spouse Dr. Martin Moore is CSO and co-founder of Meissa Vaccines. J.D.M. reports licensing fees from the NIH and UTSW for distribution of human tumor cell lines. P.C.M. reports participation in advisory board for Guardant Health, consulting for Vivace Therapeutics, and honoraria from Amgen. J.C.K. reports consulting and advisory board participation for the following companies, all paid to GO2 for Lung Cancer: Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, and EQRX. C.R. reports speaker honoraria from AstraZeneca, Roche, and MSD; advisory board honoraria from Inivata, Archer, Boston Pharmaceuticals, MD Serono and Novartis, Bayer, Invitae, Regeneron, and Bostongene; scientific advisory board member of Imagene; institutional research funding from LCRF- Pfizer and NCRF; and non-renumerated research support from GuardantHealth and Foundation Medicine. C.R. has non-renumerated leadership roles at the International Society of Liquid Biopsy (ISLB), the International Association for Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), the European School of Oncology (ESO), and Oncology Latin American Association (OLA)., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has filed patent applications relating to SARS-CoV-2 serological assays and NDV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, which list F.K. as co-inventor. V.S. is also listed on the serological assay patent application as co-inventor, and A.G.-S. is listed on the NDV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine as co-inventor. Mount Sinai has spun out a company, Kantaro, to market serological tests for SARS-CoV-2. F.K. has consulted for Merck and Pfizer (before 2020) and is currently consulting for Pfizer, 3(rd) Rock Ventures, Seqirus, and Avimex. The Krammer laboratory is also collaborating with Pfizer on animal models of SARS-CoV-2. The Adolfo García-Sastre laboratory has received research support from Pfizer, Senhwa Biosciences, Kenall Manufacturing, Avimex, Johnson & Johnson, Dynavax, 7Hills Pharma, Pharmamar, ImmunityBio, Accurius, Nanocomposix, Hexamer, N-fold LLC, Model Medicines, Atea Pharma, and Merck, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. has consulting agreements for the following companies involving cash and/or stock: Vivaldi Biosciences, Contrafect, 7Hills Pharma, Avimex, Vaxalto, Pagoda, Accurius, Esperovax, Farmak, Applied Biological Laboratories, Pharmamar, and Pfizer, outside of the reported work. J.D.M. acknowledges royalties from the NIH and UT Southwestern Medical Center for distribution of human cell lines. P.C.M. acknowledges honoraria from Amgen and Guardant Health. F.R.H. acknowledges scientific advisory board compensation from AstraZeneca/Daiichi, Genentech, Sanofi/Regeneron, Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Amgen, OncoCyte, Nectin Therapeutics, and Novocure. Institutional Research grants (University of Colorado): Amgen, Biodesix, Rain Therapeutics JCK: Advisory Boards: Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Invitae, Guardant. Institutional Research funding: Bristol Myers Squibb, Genentech, Novartis. C.R.: EMD Serono, AstraZeneca, Roche, Pfizer, Bristol Myer Squibb, Esai, BluePrint, CORE2, Sanofi-Regeneron, Mirati. J.E.G.: Advisory board for Bristol-Myer Squibb.