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22 results on '"Sebo, Jeff"'

1. Saving Animals, Saving Ourselves

Author

Sebo, Jeff

Subjects
Philosophy, Social & Political Philosophy, Climate Change, Social Impact of Environmental Issues, Moral Philosophy, Ethics and moral philosophy
Abstract

In 2020, COVID-19, the Australia bushfires, and other global threats served as vivid reminders that human and nonhuman fates are increasingly linked. Human use of nonhuman animals is contributing to pandemics, climate change, and other global threats. And these global threats are, in turn, contributing to biodiversity loss, ecosystem collapse, and nonhuman suffering. In this book, Jeff Sebo argues that humans have a moral responsibility to include animals in global health and environmental policy, by reducing our use of animals as part of our mitigation efforts and increasing our support for animals as part of our adaptation efforts. Applying and extending frameworks such as One Health and the Green New Deal, Sebo calls for reducing support for factory farming, deforestation, and the wildlife trade; increasing support for humane, healthful, and sustainable alternatives; and considering human and nonhuman needs holistically when we do. Sebo also considers connections with practical issues such as education, employment, social services, and infrastructure, as well as with theoretical issues such as well-being, moral status, political status, and population ethics. In all cases, he shows that these issues are both important and complex, and that we should neither underestimate our responsibilities because of our limitations nor underestimate our limitations because of our responsibilities. Both an urgent call to action and a survey of what ethical and effective action will require, this book will be invaluable for everyone interested in what kind of world we should attempt to build and how.

Published
2025
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2. Taking AI Welfare Seriously

Author

Long, Robert, Sebo, Jeff, Butlin, Patrick, Finlinson, Kathleen, Fish, Kyle, Harding, Jacqueline, Pfau, Jacob, Sims, Toni, Birch, Jonathan, and Chalmers, David

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

In this report, we argue that there is a realistic possibility that some AI systems will be conscious and/or robustly agentic in the near future. That means that the prospect of AI welfare and moral patienthood, i.e. of AI systems with their own interests and moral significance, is no longer an issue only for sci-fi or the distant future. It is an issue for the near future, and AI companies and other actors have a responsibility to start taking it seriously. We also recommend three early steps that AI companies and other actors can take: They can (1) acknowledge that AI welfare is an important and difficult issue (and ensure that language model outputs do the same), (2) start assessing AI systems for evidence of consciousness and robust agency, and (3) prepare policies and procedures for treating AI systems with an appropriate level of moral concern. To be clear, our argument in this report is not that AI systems definitely are, or will be, conscious, robustly agentic, or otherwise morally significant. Instead, our argument is that there is substantial uncertainty about these possibilities, and so we need to improve our understanding of AI welfare and our ability to make wise decisions about this issue. Otherwise there is a significant risk that we will mishandle decisions about AI welfare, mistakenly harming AI systems that matter morally and/or mistakenly caring for AI systems that do not.

Published
2024

3. The Case for Animal-Friendly AI

Author

Ghose, Sankalpa, Tse, Yip Fai, Rasaee, Kasra, Sebo, Jeff, and Singer, Peter

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Artificial intelligence is seen as increasingly important, and potentially profoundly so, but the fields of AI ethics and AI engineering have not fully recognized that these technologies, including large language models (LLMs), will have massive impacts on animals. We argue that this impact matters, because animals matter morally. As a first experiment in evaluating animal consideration in LLMs, we constructed a proof-of-concept Evaluation System, which assesses LLM responses and biases from multiple perspectives. This system evaluates LLM outputs by two criteria: their truthfulness, and the degree of consideration they give to the interests of animals. We tested OpenAI ChatGPT 4 and Anthropic Claude 2.1 using a set of structured queries and predefined normative perspectives. Preliminary results suggest that the outcomes of the tested models can be benchmarked regarding the consideration they give to animals, and that generated positions and biases might be addressed and mitigated with more developed and validated systems. Our research contributes one possible approach to integrating animal ethics in AI, opening pathways for future studies and practical applications in various fields, including education, public policy, and regulation, that involve or relate to animals and society. Overall, this study serves as a step towards more useful and responsible AI systems that better recognize and respect the vital interests and perspectives of all sentient beings., Comment: AAAI 2024 Workshop on Public Sector LLMs: Algorithmic and Sociotechnical Design. 12 pages, 11 figures

Published
2024

5. Support US OCTOPUS Act to keep octopuses wild

Author

Jacquet, Jennifer, Franks, Becca, Godfrey-Smith, Peter, Sanchez-Suarez, Walter, Abrams, Peter, Ainley, David, Alava Saltos, Juan Jose, Andrews, Kristin, Bach, Maya F., Bergstrom, Carl T., Birch, Jonathan, Bradshaw, Karen, Bray, Daina, Broad, Kenneth, Brooks, Cassandra M., Brotz, Lucas, Brown, Culum, Browning, Heather, Burghardt, Gordon M., Butler, Mark, Callender, Craig, Chadwin, Robin, Cramer, Katie, Cronin, Melissa, Darimont, Chris, Delon, Nicolas, Derrick, Samantha, Dutkiewicz, Jan, Elmore, Bart, Eshel, Gidon, Feeley, Kenneth, Ferrero, Kristy, Froese, Rainer, Greenburg, Paul, Gruen, Lori, Hayek, Matthew, Haywood, Keene, Heath, Crystal, Hessler, Kathy, Horowitz, Alexandra, Jacewicz, Natalie L., Jackson, Jeremy, Jamieson, Dale, Johnson, Ayana, Khen, Adi, King, Barbara J., Knight, Andrew, Kovaka, Karen, Kysar, Douglas A., Lara, Elena, Lazarus, Oliver, Longo, Stefano B., Loy, Loredana, Malerbi, Giulia, Marceau, Justin F., Marino, Lori, Mather, Charles, Mather, Jennifer A., McCauley, Douglas, McClenachan, Loren, McDermid, Sonali, Mikota, Susan K., Mintzer, Vanessa J., Monk, Julia D., Montgomery, Sy, Morris, Viveca, Nakatani, Jamie, Palomares, Deng, Paris, Claire, Pauly, Daniel, Pedrazzani, Ana Siliva P., Reiss, Diana, Roberts, Spencer, Roddy, Adam, Rozwadowski, Helen M., Safina, Carl, Sala, Enric, Scales, Helen, Schlottmann, Chris P., Schneider, Mindi, Schnell, Alex K., Sebo, Jeff, Sellars, Laurie, Singer, Peter, Smuts, Barbara B., Sneddon, Lynne U., Sommers, Tamler, Staaf, Danna, Stilt, Kristen A., Suman, Daniel, Supran, Geoffrey, Tao, Annabelle, Thresher, Ann C., van Neste, Aaron, Verkuijl, Cleo, Webb, Christine, Willette, Michelle M., Woods, Mark, Wyman, Katrina M., York, Richard, Jacquet, Jennifer, Franks, Becca, Godfrey-Smith, Peter, Sanchez-Suarez, Walter, Abrams, Peter, Ainley, David, Alava Saltos, Juan Jose, Andrews, Kristin, Bach, Maya F., Bergstrom, Carl T., Birch, Jonathan, Bradshaw, Karen, Bray, Daina, Broad, Kenneth, Brooks, Cassandra M., Brotz, Lucas, Brown, Culum, Browning, Heather, Burghardt, Gordon M., Butler, Mark, Callender, Craig, Chadwin, Robin, Cramer, Katie, Cronin, Melissa, Darimont, Chris, Delon, Nicolas, Derrick, Samantha, Dutkiewicz, Jan, Elmore, Bart, Eshel, Gidon, Feeley, Kenneth, Ferrero, Kristy, Froese, Rainer, Greenburg, Paul, Gruen, Lori, Hayek, Matthew, Haywood, Keene, Heath, Crystal, Hessler, Kathy, Horowitz, Alexandra, Jacewicz, Natalie L., Jackson, Jeremy, Jamieson, Dale, Johnson, Ayana, Khen, Adi, King, Barbara J., Knight, Andrew, Kovaka, Karen, Kysar, Douglas A., Lara, Elena, Lazarus, Oliver, Longo, Stefano B., Loy, Loredana, Malerbi, Giulia, Marceau, Justin F., Marino, Lori, Mather, Charles, Mather, Jennifer A., McCauley, Douglas, McClenachan, Loren, McDermid, Sonali, Mikota, Susan K., Mintzer, Vanessa J., Monk, Julia D., Montgomery, Sy, Morris, Viveca, Nakatani, Jamie, Palomares, Deng, Paris, Claire, Pauly, Daniel, Pedrazzani, Ana Siliva P., Reiss, Diana, Roberts, Spencer, Roddy, Adam, Rozwadowski, Helen M., Safina, Carl, Sala, Enric, Scales, Helen, Schlottmann, Chris P., Schneider, Mindi, Schnell, Alex K., Sebo, Jeff, Sellars, Laurie, Singer, Peter, Smuts, Barbara B., Sneddon, Lynne U., Sommers, Tamler, Staaf, Danna, Stilt, Kristen A., Suman, Daniel, Supran, Geoffrey, Tao, Annabelle, Thresher, Ann C., van Neste, Aaron, Verkuijl, Cleo, Webb, Christine, Willette, Michelle M., Woods, Mark, Wyman, Katrina M., and York, Richard

Published
2024
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6. Climate change, public health, and animal welfare: towards a One Health approach to reducing animal agriculture’s climate footprint

Author

Verkuijl, Cleo, Smit, Jessie, Green, Jonathan m. h., Nordquist, Rebecca e., Sebo, Jeff, Hayek, Matthew n., Hötzel, Maria josé, Verkuijl, Cleo, Smit, Jessie, Green, Jonathan m. h., Nordquist, Rebecca e., Sebo, Jeff, Hayek, Matthew n., and Hötzel, Maria josé

Abstract

Animal agriculture contributes significantly to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions—an estimated 12%-20% of total anthropogenic emissions. This has led both governmental and private actors to propose various ways to mitigate those climate impacts. This paper applies a One Health lens to the issue, arguing that the choice of solutions should not only consider the potential to reduce GHG emissions—which is not always a given—but also the implications for public health and animal welfare. With this perspective, we examine the potential public health and animal welfare impacts of three types of strategies that are often proposed: (1) “sustainable intensification” methods, aimed at maintaining or increasing production while limiting emissions and avoiding further land conversion; (2) “species shift” approaches, which focus on changing diets to consume meat from animals produced with lower GHG emissions instead of that of animals associated with higher emissions; and (3) “systemic dietary change” approaches that promote shifts towards whole plant-based foods or novel alternatives to conventional animal products. We discuss how some approaches—particularly those associated with sustainable intensification and species shift—could introduce new and significant risks to public health and animal welfare. Promoting systemic dietary change helps to overcome some of these challenges, but requires careful attention to equity to ensure that vulnerable populations still have access to the nutrients they need. We end with recommendations for a more holistic approach to reducing emissions from farmed animals that can help avoid trade-offs and increase synergies with other societal goals.

Published
2024

7. Climate change, public health, and animal welfare: towards a One Health approach to reducing animal agriculture’s climate footprint

Author

AISS Animal Welfare, AISS – Animal Welfare, Verkuijl, Cleo, Smit, Jessie, Green, Jonathan m. h., Nordquist, Rebecca e., Sebo, Jeff, Hayek, Matthew n., Hötzel, Maria josé, AISS Animal Welfare, AISS – Animal Welfare, Verkuijl, Cleo, Smit, Jessie, Green, Jonathan m. h., Nordquist, Rebecca e., Sebo, Jeff, Hayek, Matthew n., and Hötzel, Maria josé

Published
2024

8. How Should Treatment of Animals Beyond the Lab Factor Into Institutional Review?

Author

Sellars, Laurie and Sebo, Jeff

Subjects
*LABORATORY animals, *VIOLENCE, *ANIMALS, *ANIMAL rights, *INSTITUTIONAL review boards, *TRANSPORTATION, *HUMAN reproductive technology, *RESEARCH ethics, *AGRICULTURE
Abstract

Discussions of nonhuman research ethics tend to focus on what we owe nonhuman research subjects in laboratory settings only. But humans make critical decisions about these animals outside the lab, too, during breeding, transportation, and end-of-study protocols. This article reviews extra-lab risks and harms to nonhuman research subjects, focusing on the most commonly and intensively used animals like rodents and fishes, and argues that extra-lab risks and harms merit ethical consideration by researchers and institutional review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Clarifying the Ethics and Oversight of Chimeric Research

Author

Johnston, Josephine, Hyun, Insoo, Neuhaus, Carolyn P., Maschke, Karen J., Marshall, Patricia, Craig, Kaitlynn P., Matthews, Margaret M., Drolet, Kara, Greely, Henry T., Hill, Lori R., Hinterberger, Amy, Hurley, Elisa A., Kesterson, Robert, Kimmelman, Jonathan, King, Nancy M. P., Lopes, Melissa J., O’Rourke, P. Pearl, Parent, Brendan, Peckman, Steven, Piotrowska, Monika, Schwarz, May, Sebo, Jeff, Stodgell, Chris, Streiffer, Robert, and Wilkerson, Amy

Subjects
Philosophy, Issues, ethics and legal aspects, Health (social science), Health Policy, Humans, Animals, General Medicine, Animal Welfare, Social Group, Stem Cell Research, Article
Abstract

This article is the lead piece in a special report that presents the results of a bioethical investigation into chimeric research, which involves the insertion of human cells into nonhuman animals and nonhuman animal embryos, including into their brains. Rapid scientific developments in this field may advance knowledge and could lead to new therapies for humans. They also reveal the conceptual, ethical, and procedural limitations of existing ethics guidance for human-nonhuman chimeric research. Led by bioethics researchers working closely with an interdisciplinary work group, the investigation focused on generating conceptual clarity and identifying improvements to governance approaches, with the goal of helping scholars, funders, scientists, institutional leaders, and oversight bodies (embryonic stem cell research oversight [ESCRO] committees and institutional animal care and use committees [IACUCs]) deliver principled and trustworthy oversight of this area of science. The article, which focuses on human-nonhuman animal chimeric research that is stem cell based, identifies key ethical issues in and offers ten recommendations regarding the ethics and oversight of this research. Turning from bioethics' previous focus on human-centered questions about the ethics of "humanization" and this research's potential impact on concepts like human dignity, this article emphasizes the importance of nonhuman animal welfare concerns in chimeric research and argues for less-siloed governance and oversight and more-comprehensive public communication.

Published
2022
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11. How Should We Improve How Medical and Veterinary Students Learn About Human and Nonhuman Animals?

Author

Griffiths, Zoe and Sebo, Jeff

Subjects
*VETERINARY medicine, *MEDICAL students, *ECOLOGY, *INDUSTRIES, *LEARNING strategies, *QUALITY assurance, *ANIMAL rights, *EDUCATIONAL outcomes
Abstract

This article presents 5 general points that every clinician should know about animals, health, and the environment, focusing on why animals matter for their own sakes, why animals matter for health and environmental threats, why health and environmental threats matter for animals, and how the medical and veterinary industries interact with animals. This article then offers practical advice about how to address these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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12. What Should We Agree on about the Repugnant Conclusion?

Author

Zuber, Stephane, Venkatesh, Nikhil, Tännsjö, Torbjörn, Tarsney, Christian, Stefánsson, H. Orri, Steele, Katie, Spears, Dean, Sebo, Jeff, Pivato, Marcus, Ord, Toby, Ng, Yew-Kwang, Masny, Michal, MacAskill, William, Lawson, Nicholas, Kuruc, Kevin, Hutchinson, Michelle, Gustafsson, Johan E., Greaves, Hilary, Forsberg, Lisa, Fleurbaey, Marc, Coffey, Diane, Cato, Susumu, Castro, Clinton, Campbell, Tim, Budolfson, Mark, Broome, John, Berger, Alexander, Beckstead, Nick, Asheim, Geir B., Zuber, Stephane, Venkatesh, Nikhil, Tännsjö, Torbjörn, Tarsney, Christian, Stefánsson, H. Orri, Steele, Katie, Spears, Dean, Sebo, Jeff, Pivato, Marcus, Ord, Toby, Ng, Yew-Kwang, Masny, Michal, MacAskill, William, Lawson, Nicholas, Kuruc, Kevin, Hutchinson, Michelle, Gustafsson, Johan E., Greaves, Hilary, Forsberg, Lisa, Fleurbaey, Marc, Coffey, Diane, Cato, Susumu, Castro, Clinton, Campbell, Tim, Budolfson, Mark, Broome, John, Berger, Alexander, Beckstead, Nick, and Asheim, Geir B.

Published
2021
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13. Episode 101: Chimpanzee Rights with Jeff Sebo

Author

O'Sullivan, Siobhan, Sebo, Jeff, O'Sullivan, Siobhan, and Sebo, Jeff

Abstract

This week on Knowing Animals I am joined by Dr. Jeff Sebo. Jeff is Clinical Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies and Director of the Animal Studies M.A. Program at New York University. We discuss his new book ‘Chimpanzee Rights’ which is published by Routledge. Jeff’s co-authors are: Kristin Andrews, Gary Comstock, G. K. D. Crozier, Sue Donaldson, Andrew Fenton, John Taylor, Syd Johnson, Robert Jones, Will Kymlicks, Letitia Meynell, Nathan Nobis and David Peña-Guzmán.

Published
2019

14. Are Chimpanzees 'Persons'?

Author

Sebo, Jeff

Subjects
Personhood -- Laws, regulations and rules, Chimpanzees -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

You might be aware that chimpanzees can recognize themselves in a mirror, communicate through sign language, pursue goals creatively and form long-lasting friendships. You might also think that these are [...]

Published
2018

16. Episode 65: Animals and Climate Change with Jeff Sebo

Author

O'Sullivan, Siobhan, Sebo, Jeff, O'Sullivan, Siobhan, and Sebo, Jeff

Abstract

In this episode of Knowing Animals I am joined by Jeff Sebo. We discuss his book chapter ‘Animals and Climate Change’ which will appear in the book ‘Philosophy and Climate Change’ and it will be edited by Mark Budolfson, Tristram McPherson, and David Plunkett and published by Oxford University Press.

Published
2018

21. What should we agree on about the repugnant conclusion?

Author

Zuber, Stéphane, Venkatesh, Nikhil, Tännsjö, Torbjörn, Tarsney, Christian, Stefánsson, H. Orri, Steele, Katie, Spears, Dean, Sebo, Jeff, Pivato, Marcus, Ord, Toby, Ng, Yew-kwang, Masny, Michal, Macaskill, William, Lawson, Nicholas, Kuruc, Kevin, Hutchinson, Michelle, Gustafsson, Johan E., Greaves, Hilary, Forsberg, Lisa, Fleurbaey, Marc, Coffey, Diane, Cato, Susumu, Castro, Clinton, Campbell, Tim, Budolfson, Mark, Broome, John, Berger, Alexander, Beckstead, Nick, Asheim, Geir B., Zuber, Stéphane, Venkatesh, Nikhil, Tännsjö, Torbjörn, Tarsney, Christian, Stefánsson, H. Orri, Steele, Katie, Spears, Dean, Sebo, Jeff, Pivato, Marcus, Ord, Toby, Ng, Yew-kwang, Masny, Michal, Macaskill, William, Lawson, Nicholas, Kuruc, Kevin, Hutchinson, Michelle, Gustafsson, Johan E., Greaves, Hilary, Forsberg, Lisa, Fleurbaey, Marc, Coffey, Diane, Cato, Susumu, Castro, Clinton, Campbell, Tim, Budolfson, Mark, Broome, John, Berger, Alexander, Beckstead, Nick, and Asheim, Geir B.

Abstract

The Repugnant Conclusion is an implication of some approaches to population ethics. It states, in Derek Parfit's original formulation, For any possible population of at least ten billion people, all with a very high quality of life, there must be some much larger imaginable population whose existence, if other things are equal, would be better, even though its members have lives that are barely worth living. (Parfit 1984: 388)

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