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4. Multi-Frequency SAR Images for Investigations of the Cryosphere: Preliminary Results of Criosar Project

Author

Pettinato, S, Santi, E, Paloscia, S, Baroni, F, Pilia, S, Santurri, L, Palchetti, E, Bovenga, F, Belmonte, A, Refice, A, Argentiero, I, Colombo, R, Bramati, G, Di Mauro, B, Marin, C, Cuozzo, G, De Gregorio, L, Callegari, M, Heredia, M, Premier, V, Notarnicola, C, Pasian, M, Lodigiani, M, Silvestri, L, Cremonese, E, Montuori, A, Pettinato S., Santi E., Paloscia S., Baroni F., Pilia S., Santurri L., Palchetti E., Bovenga F., Belmonte A., Refice A., Argentiero I., Colombo R., Bramati G., Di Mauro B., Marin C., Cuozzo G., De Gregorio L., Callegari M., Heredia M. S., Premier V., Notarnicola C., Pasian M., Lodigiani M., Silvestri L., Cremonese E., Montuori A., Pettinato, S, Santi, E, Paloscia, S, Baroni, F, Pilia, S, Santurri, L, Palchetti, E, Bovenga, F, Belmonte, A, Refice, A, Argentiero, I, Colombo, R, Bramati, G, Di Mauro, B, Marin, C, Cuozzo, G, De Gregorio, L, Callegari, M, Heredia, M, Premier, V, Notarnicola, C, Pasian, M, Lodigiani, M, Silvestri, L, Cremonese, E, Montuori, A, Pettinato S., Santi E., Paloscia S., Baroni F., Pilia S., Santurri L., Palchetti E., Bovenga F., Belmonte A., Refice A., Argentiero I., Colombo R., Bramati G., Di Mauro B., Marin C., Cuozzo G., De Gregorio L., Callegari M., Heredia M. S., Premier V., Notarnicola C., Pasian M., Lodigiani M., Silvestri L., Cremonese E., and Montuori A.

Abstract

This research aims to exploit the potentialities of multi-mission SAR data at X-, C- and L-band for the monitoring of snowpack and alpine soils. The snow parameters as snow water equivalent, snow liquid water content and snow metamorphism have been monitored and different methods are proposed for their retrieval. In order to gather consistent datasets, experimental activities have been conducted in two selected sites in Northern Italy, which are covered by alpine snow during winter and spring periods and are in some cases characterized by the presence of permafrost. Microwave responses of snow and soil have been then simulated by using electromagnetic (i.e., AIEM, Oh, SFT and DMRT-QCA), and physical models (SNOWPACK). Finally, machine learning approaches, as Artificial Neural Networks and Random Forest, were implemented for retrieving snow parameters; whereas interferometric techniques were used in case of snow and soil displacement as rock glaciers. Preliminary and consistent results have been obtained in terms of estimate of snow parameters and soil displacement. This multi-frequency/multi-mission approach enhances the ability of SAR sensors to monitor and analyze snow dynamics, contributing to improved decision-making in various domains.

Published
2023

7. Multi-Spectral Analysis of Dry Alpine Seasonal Snowpack

Author

Lodigiani, M, Silvestri, L, Barella, R, Marin, C, Di Mauro, B, Colombo, R, Notarnicola, C, Pasian, M, Lodigiani M., Silvestri L., Barella R., Marin C., Di Mauro B., Colombo R., Notarnicola C., Pasian M., Lodigiani, M, Silvestri, L, Barella, R, Marin, C, Di Mauro, B, Colombo, R, Notarnicola, C, Pasian, M, Lodigiani M., Silvestri L., Barella R., Marin C., Di Mauro B., Colombo R., Notarnicola C., and Pasian M.

Abstract

Seasonal Alpine snowpack is an important reservoir of fresh water useful for human and agricultural purposes and for hydroelectric power generation. Thus, monitoring the evolution of the snow is very useful to control this important factor. To do this, different approaches are used. Among them, microwave-based devices are used, but show some limitations due to the impossibility to retrieve the parameters without a priori assumptions or complementary information about the snowpack, or complex data processing. This paper present a portable radar architecture able to overcome this limitation by using a dual-receiver system. The device was already tested for the S-band. Now, a multi-spectral analysis is tested for the first time to retrieve values of depth, density and snow water equivalent (SWE), for dry snow. The system was tested in real field sites in the Italian Alps during late winter 2022. The overall results were in good agreement with manual measurements.

Published
2022

15. 3D-Printed Electromagnetic Band-Gap Band-Pass Filter Based on Empty Single-Ridge Waveguide

Author

Garcia-Martinez H, Torregrosa-Penalva G, Avila-Navarro E, Delmonte N, Silvestri L, and Bozzi M

Subjects
Cutoff frequency, Bandwidth, Electromagnetic waveguides, Additive manufacturing, band-pass filter, Metamaterials, empty single-ridge waveguide (ESRW), Periodic structures, Dispersion, fused deposition modeling (FDM), Band-pass filters, electromagnetic band-gap
Abstract

In this work, a new method for the design of band-pass filters in an empty waveguide by using periodic structures is presented in a theoretical and experimental way. The proposed filter topology uses a periodic profile of two heights in the central part of an Empty Single-Ridge Waveguide (ESRW) for the generation of an Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG), and it provides simple unit cell design parameters to produce specific dispersion characteristics. The implementation of two band-pass filters with different fractional bandwidths (36% and 55%) and different characteristics in the rejection band is proposed, where to minimize the mismatch in the ESRW filter's passband, a tapering technique is used that follows a Kaiser distribution for the EBG. To experimentally validate the design concept, a band-pass filter with a fractional bandwidth of 55% centered on 5.45 GHz is manufactured, using a low-cost 3D printer, which allows the rapid manufacture of complex geometries at a very reduced price. The experimental results validate the simulated response of the implemented ESRW band-pass filter.

Published
2022

18. Draft study on sustainable use and conservation of microbial and invertebrate biological control agents, and biostimulants

Author

Buitenhuis, Rosemarije, Cock, Matthew J.W., Colmenarez, Y.C., De Clercq, Patrick, Edgington, Steven, Gadaleta, Patricia, Gwynn, R.L., Heimpel, George E., Hill, Martin, Hinz, Hariet L., Hoddle, Mark S., Jäkel, T., Klapwijk, J.N., Leung, Kelley, Mc Kay, Fernando, Messelink, G.J., Silvestri, L., Smith, D., Sosa, A., Wäckers, F.L., Cabrera Walsh, G., Wyckhuys, K.A.G., and Zaviezo, T.

Subjects
GTB Gewasgez. Bodem en Water, Life Science, PE&RC
Published
2021

21. A low-field mobility model for bulk, ultrathin body SOI and double-gate n-MOSFETs with different surface and channel orientations-part II: ultrathin silicon films

Author

Silvestri, L., Reggiani, S., Gnani, E., Gnudi, A., and Baccarani, G.

Subjects
Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors -- Innovations, Silicon -- Electric properties, Electron mobility -- Methods, Simulation methods -- Usage, Thickness measurement, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Published
2010

25. Determining the infrared radiative effects of Saharan dust: A radiative transfer modelling study based on vertically resolved measurements at Lampedusa

Author

Sferlazzo, D.M., Pace, G., Di Iorio, T., De Silvestri, L., Meloni, D., Di Sarra, A., Sferlazzo, D. M., Pace, G., Di Iorio, T., De Silvestri, L., Meloni, D., and Di Sarra, A.

Abstract

Detailed measurements of radiation, atmospheric and aerosol properties were carried out in summer 2013 during the Aerosol Direct Radiative Impact on the regional climate in the MEDiterranean region (ADRIMED) campaign in the framework of the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment (ChArMEx) experiment. This study focusses on the characterization of infrared (IR) optical properties and direct radiative effects of mineral dust, based on three vertical profiles of atmospheric and aerosol properties and IR broadband and narrowband radiation from airborne measurements, made in conjunction with radiosonde and ground-based observations at Lampedusa, in the central Mediterranean. Satellite IR spectra from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer (IASI) are also included in the analysis. The atmospheric and aerosol properties are used as input to a radiative transfer model, and various IR radiation parameters (upward and downward irradiance, nadir and zenith brightness temperature at different altitudes) are calculated and compared with observations. The model calculations are made for different sets of dust particle size distribution (PSD) and refractive index (RI), derived from observations and from the literature. The main results of the analysis are that the IR dust radiative forcing is non-negligible and strongly depends on PSD and RI. When calculations are made using the in situ measured size distribution, it is possible to identify the refractive index that produces the best match with observed IR irradiances and brightness temperatures (BTs). The most appropriate refractive indices correspond to those determined from independent measurements of mineral dust aerosols from the source regions (Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco) of dust transported over Lampedusa, suggesting that differences in the source properties should be taken into account. With the in situ size distribution and the most appropriate refractive index the estimated dust IR radiative forcing efficiency is +23.7Wg-2at the surface,-7.9Wg-2within the atmosphere, and +15.8Wg-2at the top of the atmosphere. The use of column-integrated dust PSD from AERONET may also produce a good agreement with measured irradiances and BTs, but with significantly different values of the RI. This implies large differences, up to a factor of 2.5 at surface, in the estimated dust radiative forcing, and in the IR heating rate. This study shows that spectrally resolved measurements of BTs are important to better constrain the dust IR optical properties, and to obtain a reliable estimate of its radiative effects. Efforts should be directed at obtaining an improved description of the dust size distribution and its vertical distribution, as well as at including regionally resolved optical properties. © Author(s) 2018.

Published
2018

26. Towards the next generation of brain/machine interface

Author

Ladouceur, F, Lei, X, Wei, Y, Firth, J, Fuerbach, A, Lovell, N, Silvestri, L, Ladouceur, F, Lei, X, Wei, Y, Firth, J, Fuerbach, A, Lovell, N, and Silvestri, L

Abstract

We report on the latest development of our photonics-based brain-machine interface. This work done in collaboration between UNSW and Macquarie University-and supported by the US Office of Naval Research-directly addresses the long-Term DARPA challenge of producing implantable chips with 1 million neural connections. To the best of our knowledge, no technology has demonstrated the potential so far to scale up to such a massive number of channels.

Published
2019

27. Numerical modelling and optimization of actively Q-switched waveguide lasers based on liquid crystal transducers

Author

Lei, X, Wieschendorf, C, Firth, J, Ladouceur, F, Fuerbach, A, Silvestri, L, Lei, X, Wieschendorf, C, Firth, J, Ladouceur, F, Fuerbach, A, and Silvestri, L

Abstract

We have recently experimentally demonstrated that a novel liquid crystal-based photonic transducer for sensing systems could be utilized as an active Q-switch in a miniaturised and integrated waveguide laser system. In this paper, we now present a comprehensive numerical modelling study of this novel laser architecture by deriving a set of equations that accurately describe the temporal optical response of the liquid crystal cell as a function of applied voltage and by combining this theoretical model with laser-rate equations. We validate the accuracy of this model by comparing the results with previously obtained data and find them in excellent agreement. This enables us to predict that under realistic conditions and moderate pump power levels of 500 mW, the laser system should be capable of generating peak power levels in excess of 1.1 kW with pulse widths of about 20 ns, corresponding to pulse energies > 20 µJ. We believe that such a low-cost and ultra-compact laser source could find applications ranging from trace gas sensing and LIDAR to material processing.

Published
2019

28. Towards bi-directional electro-optic neuronal interfaces

Author

Wang, H, Römer, U, Lei, X, Wei, Y, Al Abed, A, Ladouceur, F, Silvestri, L, Lovell, N, Wang, H, Römer, U, Lei, X, Wei, Y, Al Abed, A, Ladouceur, F, Silvestri, L, and Lovell, N

Abstract

This paper presents an investigation into a novel electro-optic device for bi-directional brain-machine interface (BMI) by using both a chiral smectic C∗ liquid crystal to sense neuronal signals and the photovoltaic effect to stimulate neuronal tissues. By leveraging both the optical and electrical domains, this new electro-optic device can achieve high density of channel count and we have so far demonstrated up to 323 such channels. We focus here on tissue stimulation by adding a photovoltaic PN junction into the LC sensing structure described elsewhere to achieve a full bi-directional neuronal interface.

Published
2019

29. First biopotential recordings from a liquid crystal optrode

Author

Silvestri, L, Al Abed, A, Revol, ECM, Firth, J, Wei, Y, Wang, H, Gouailhardou, N, Lehmann, T, Lovell, NH, Ladouceur, F, Silvestri, L, Al Abed, A, Revol, ECM, Firth, J, Wei, Y, Wang, H, Gouailhardou, N, Lehmann, T, Lovell, NH, and Ladouceur, F

Abstract

One of the goals of the Neural Engineering System Design (NESD) program in the United States and of similar programs around the world is to develop an interface able to read from one million neurons in parallel. This is well beyond the capabilities of traditional multi-electrode arrays (MEAs), which are inherently limited in both spatial resolution and number of channels, due to issues with power dissipation and wiring.1, 2 To overcome these roadblocks our group has proposed a novel optrode array that measures electrical activity and uses light for both signal transduction and transmission, thus decoupling the bio-potentials from the signal acquisition circuitry.3 The technology relies on the sensitivity of a particular class of liquid crystals (LCs) to small electric fields and is analogous to a LC display, where the intensity of each pixel (optrode, in our case) is controlled by the electrical activity of the biological tissue. Here, we present the first use of such a transduction mechanism to record from cardiac tissue and investigate stimulus artifact suppression in rabbit sciatic nerve. Our results pave the way to the development of high-density high-channel-count optrode arrays for electrophysiology studies and brain-machine interfaces.

Published
2019

30. Optically measuring nerve activity based on an electro-optical detection system

Author

Wei, Y, Al Abed, A, Gouailhardou, N, Wang, H, Lei, X, Ladouceur, F, Lehmann, T, Lovell, NH, Silvestri, L, Wei, Y, Al Abed, A, Gouailhardou, N, Wang, H, Lei, X, Ladouceur, F, Lehmann, T, Lovell, NH, and Silvestri, L

Abstract

Nerve conduction and activity is a marker of disease and wellness and provides insight into the complex way the nervous system encodes information. We propose an electro-optical detection system and show the recordings from an electrically stimulated in-vitro nerve preparation. The system converts the action potential at the probing position to light intensity before any amplification and detection. Thence the light signal is detected by a photodetector. The new detection system has the ability of isolating the probing point and the amplification circuits, which reduces the electrical interference from the circuit. Moreover, the sampled signal transmitted via optical fibres rather than cables or wires makes it more robust to environmental noise. From the experiment, we demonstrated that the electro-optical detection system is able to detect and amplify the nerve response. By analysing the data, we can distinguish the response from the stimulus artifact and calculate CAP (compound action potential) propagation speed.

Published
2019

35. Limiting hepatic Bmp-Smad signaling by matriptase-2 is required for erythropoietin-mediated hepcidin suppression in mice

Author

Nai A, Rubio A, Campanella A, Gourbeyre O, Artuso I, Bordini J, Gineste A, Latour C, Besson Fournier C, Lin HY, Coppin H, Roth MP, Silvestri L, Meynard D., CAMASCHELLA , CLARA, Nai, A, Rubio, A, Campanella, A, Gourbeyre, O, Artuso, I, Bordini, J, Gineste, A, Latour, C, Besson Fournier, C, Lin, Hy, Coppin, H, Roth, Mp, Camaschella, Clara, Silvestri, L, and Meynard, D.

Published
2016

36. Effective dielectric tensor of deformed-helix ferroelectric liquid crystals with subwavelength pitch and large tilt angle

Author

Silvestri, L, Srinivas, H, Ladouceur, F, Silvestri, L, Srinivas, H, and Ladouceur, F

Abstract

Short pitch deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals have numerous applications as active materials in displays, optical telemetry, and biomedical devices. In this paper, we derive convenient analytical formulas to calculate the effective dielectric tensor of these materials beyond the space average approximation. By comparison with exact numerical calculations, we show that our formulas are remarkably accurate in predicting optical properties in virtually all practical situations, including the important case of large tilt angles, where the space average approximation breaks down. We also present a comparison between the two complementary approaches of expanding the mesoscopic dielectric tensor versus the mesoscopic transfer matrix, by deriving an expression for the effective transfer matrix as an infinite expansion and explicitly calculating the corresponding effective dielectric tensor for the first time. Our results demonstrate that both methods give accurate predictions when two-photon scattering terms are taken into account.

Published
2018

37. A biopotential optrode array: operation principles and simulations

Author

Al Abed, A, Srinivas, H, Firth, J, Ladouceur, F, Lovell, NH, Silvestri, L, Al Abed, A, Srinivas, H, Firth, J, Ladouceur, F, Lovell, NH, and Silvestri, L

Abstract

We propose an optical electrode ’optrode’ sensor array for biopotential measurements. The transduction mechanism is based on deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals which realign, altering the optrode’s light reflectance properties, relative to applied potential fields of biological cells and tissue. A computational model of extracellular potential recording by the optrode including the electro-optical transduction mechanism is presented, using a combination of time-domain and frequency-domain finite element analysis. Simulations indicate that the device has appropriate temporal response to faithfully transduce neuronal spikes, and spatial resolution to capture impulse propagation along a single neuron. These simulations contribute to the development of multi-channel optrode arrays for spatio-temporal mapping of electric events in excitable biological tissue.

Published
2018

38. A severe hemojuvelin mutation leading to late onset of HFE2-hemochromatosis

Author

Ravasi, G, Pelucchi, S, Mariani, R, Silvestri, L, Camaschella, C, Piperno, A, Ravasi, Giulia, Pelucchi, Sara, Mariani, Raffaella, Silvestri, Laura, Camaschella, Clara, Piperno, Alberto, Ravasi, G, Pelucchi, S, Mariani, R, Silvestri, L, Camaschella, C, Piperno, A, Ravasi, Giulia, Pelucchi, Sara, Mariani, Raffaella, Silvestri, Laura, Camaschella, Clara, and Piperno, Alberto

Published
2018

40. A Multicentric Prospective Incidence Study of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Italy. The ITANG Study

Author

Benedetti, M, Pugliatti, M, Dalessandro, R, BEGHI, ETTORE, Chiò, A, Logroscino, G, Filippini, G, Galeotti, F, Massari, M, Santuccio, C, Raschetti, R, Abruzzi, L, Agazzi, E, Agostoni, E, Ambrogio, L, Amidei, S, Arbasino, C, Argentiero, V, Arnaboldi, M, Baldini, D, Barki, R, Bassi, P, Basso, F, Belcastro, V, Bellotti, M, Bersano, E, Besana, R, Bettoni, L, Bezzi, G, Bianconi, C, Bondavalli, M, Bonometti, A, Borghi, AM, Borsato, C, Bortolotto, S, Bottacchi, EF, Bresolin, N, Bruno, S, Burlina, A, Cafasso, G, Callegarini, C, Calvo, A, Candeloro, E, Casano, A, Cattaneo, SI, Cavallo, R, Cheldi, A, Ciardo, G, Cirignotta, F, Clerici, AM, Clerici, R, Comi, G, Conti, R, Coppo, F, Covelli, V, Crespi, V, Currò Dossi, M, Curtò, NA, D'Adda, E, Dallocchio, C, D'Anna, S, De Massis, P, De Toni Franceschini, L, Di Vito, N, Didonè, G, Dileone, M, Donati, E, Dotta, M, Fazio, R, Federico, F, FERRARESE, CARLO, Ferrazzini, F, Ferrero, B, Filosto, M, Frasson, E, Fusina, S, Galbussera, A, Gastaldo, E, Geda, C, Ghiglione, P, Giometto, B, Gionco, M, Giorgetti, A, Giussani, G, Gobbin, F, Grampa, G, Granieri, E, Greco, G, Guidetti, D, Guidi, C, Guidotti, M, Gusmaroli, G, Imperiale, D, Internò, S, Jann, S, La Spina, I, Leo, A, Leone, M, Leoni, S, Leotta, D, Lerario, R, Liotta, G, Livrea, P, Luda di Cortemiglio, E, Maggio, B, Magni, E, Magnoni, A, Maistrelli, J, Manca, D, Mandrioli, J, Manera, U, Marcello, N, Marchi, P, Marchini, C, Marconi, S, Mattioli, M, Mauro, A, Mazzaglia, G, Medici, D, Meineri, P, Meola, G, Micaglio, G, Michelucci, R, Michieli, G, Micieli, G, Minardi, C, Moglia, C, Monaco, S, Montanari, E, Moretto, G, Munerati, V, Mura, G, Mussutto, V, Nascimbene, C, Neri, W, Nichelli, P, Nobile Orazio, E, Oddenino, E, Onorato, S, Padovani, A, Palermo, M, Papurello, DM, Passarella, B, Pavesi, G, Penza, MT, Perini, M, Perini, F, Perla, F, Perlotto, N, Perrone, P, Pignatta, P, Pisano, F, Poglio, F, Polo, A, Poloni, M, Porazzi, D, Pradotto, L, Previdi, P, Quatrale, R, Rasi, F, Ravasio, A, Ravetti, C, Repaci, M, Riccardi, T, Riguzzi, P, Rinaldi, R, Riva, M, Romeo, V, Romorini, A, Rosso, T, Rotondo, G, Sacquegna, T, Sanson, F, Santamato, V, Santoro, D, Sartori, V, Sasanelli, F, Savio, K, Serena, M, Silani, V, Silvestri, L, Simioni, V, Squintani, GM, Suardelli, M, Tartagla, L, Terenghi, F, Terlizzi, E, Terzano, M, Tesser, F, Testa, L, Ticca, A, Ticozzi, N, Tiriticco, M, Tola, MR, Tonietti, S, Trianni, G, Trojano, M, Trotta, F, Turatti, M, Ursino, E, Vanotti, A, Vercellino, M, Villani, A, Vitelli, E, Zambito Marsala, S, Zanette, G, Zarcone, D, Zimatore, G, Zoccolella, S., Benedetti, Md, Pugliatti, M, D'Alessandro, R, Beghi, E, Chiò, A, Logroscino, G, Filippini, G, Galeotti, F, Massari, M, Santuccio, C, Comi, Giancarlo, Raschetti, R, ITANG Study, Group, Giometto, B, Benedetti, M, Dalessandro, R, Abruzzi, L, Agazzi, E, Agostoni, E, Ambrogio, L, Amidei, S, Arbasino, C, Argentiero, V, Arnaboldi, M, Baldini, D, Barki, R, Bassi, P, Basso, F, Belcastro, V, Bellotti, M, Bersano, E, Besana, R, Bettoni, L, Bezzi, G, Bianconi, C, Bondavalli, M, Bonometti, A, Borghi, A, Borsato, C, Bortolotto, S, Bottacchi, E, Bresolin, N, Bruno, S, Burlina, A, Cafasso, G, Callegarini, C, Calvo, A, Candeloro, E, Casano, A, Cattaneo, S, Cavallo, R, Cheldi, A, Ciardo, G, Cirignotta, F, Clerici, A, Clerici, R, Comi, G, Conti, R, Coppo, F, Covelli, V, Crespi, V, Currò Dossi, M, Curtò, N, D'Adda, E, Dallocchio, C, D'Anna, S, De Massis, P, De Toni Franceschini, L, Di Vito, N, Didonè, G, Dileone, M, Donati, E, Dotta, M, Fazio, R, Federico, F, Ferrarese, C, Ferrazzini, F, Ferrero, B, Filosto, M, Frasson, E, Fusina, S, Galbussera, A, Gastaldo, E, Geda, C, Ghiglione, P, Gionco, M, Giorgetti, A, Giussani, G, Gobbin, F, Grampa, G, Granieri, E, Greco, G, Guidetti, D, Guidi, C, Guidotti, M, Gusmaroli, G, Imperiale, D, Internò, S, Jann, S, La Spina, I, Leo, A, Leone, M, Leoni, S, Leotta, D, Lerario, R, Liotta, G, Livrea, P, Luda di Cortemiglio, E, Maggio, B, Magni, E, Magnoni, A, Maistrelli, J, Manca, D, Mandrioli, J, Manera, U, Marcello, N, Marchi, P, Marchini, C, Marconi, S, Mattioli, M, Mauro, A, Mazzaglia, G, Medici, D, Meineri, P, Meola, G, Micaglio, G, Michelucci, R, Michieli, G, Micieli, G, Minardi, C, Moglia, C, Monaco, S, Montanari, E, Moretto, G, Munerati, V, Mura, G, Mussutto, V, Nascimbene, C, Neri, W, Nichelli, P, Nobile Orazio, E, Oddenino, E, Onorato, S, Padovani, A, Palermo, M, Papurello, D, Passarella, B, Pavesi, G, Penza, M, Perini, M, Perini, F, Perla, F, Perlotto, N, Perrone, P, Pignatta, P, Pisano, F, Poglio, F, Polo, A, Poloni, M, Porazzi, D, Pradotto, L, Previdi, P, Quatrale, R, Rasi, F, Ravasio, A, Ravetti, C, Repaci, M, Riccardi, T, Riguzzi, P, Rinaldi, R, Riva, M, Romeo, V, Romorini, A, Rosso, T, Rotondo, G, Sacquegna, T, Sanson, F, Santamato, V, Santoro, D, Sartori, V, Sasanelli, F, Savio, K, Serena, M, Silani, V, Silvestri, L, Simioni, V, Squintani, G, Suardelli, M, Tartagla, L, Terenghi, F, Terlizzi, E, Terzano, M, Tesser, F, Testa, L, Ticca, A, Ticozzi, N, Tiriticco, M, Tola, M, Tonietti, S, Trianni, G, Trojano, M, Trotta, F, Turatti, M, Ursino, E, Vanotti, A, Vercellino, M, Villani, A, Vitelli, E, Zambito Marsala, S, Zanette, G, Zarcone, D, Zimatore, G, and Zoccolella, S

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Population, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Rate ratio, NO, Young Adult, Axonal and demyelinating GBS, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Incidence, Prospective study, Trend, Neurology (clinical), Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, 80 and over, medicine, Young adult, education, Prospective cohort study, education.field_of_study, Guillain-Barre syndrome, business.industry, Medicine (all), Incidence (epidemiology), medicine.disease, Vaccination, Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA, business, Human
Abstract

Background: To assess Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) incidence we relied on the Italian Network for the study of GBS (ITANG) established in 2010 in 7 Italian regions to analyse the association between influenza vaccination and GBS. Methods: All individuals aged ≥18 years, presenting with clinical manifestations that suggested GBS according to the universally accepted Asbury's diagnostic criteria (1990) were prospectively notified to a centralised database by ITANG neurologists over the period October 1, 2010-September 30, 2011. Through a telephone survey, 9 trained interviewers followed up the cases to diagnosis and then for 1 year since hospital discharge. Validation of case reporting was performed with the support of administrative data in 5 regions. Results: We found 365 cases fulfilling the definition for GBS or one of its variants over 19,846,068 population ≥18 years of age, yielding an annual incidence rate of 1.84 per 100,000 (95% CI 1.65-2.03), 2.30 (95% CI 1.99-2.60) in men and 1.41 (95% CI 1.18-1.64) in women. A highly significant peak of incidence was observed in February 2011 as compared to reference month (September 2011, rate ratio 3.3:1, p < 0.01). Conclusions: In Italy, GBS incidence was among the highest reported in Europe and higher than previously observed in Italian studies.

Published
2015

41. Transferrin receptor 2 mutations in patients with juvenile hemochromatosis phenotype

Author

RAVASI, GIULIA, RAUSA, MARCO, PELUCCHI, SARA, GRENI, FEDERICO, MARIANI, RAFFAELLA, PIPERNO, ALBERTO, Arosio, C, Pelloni, I, Silvestri, L, Pineda, P, Camaschella, C, Ravasi, G, Rausa, M, Pelucchi, S, Arosio, C, Greni, F, Mariani, R, Pelloni, I, Silvestri, L, Pineda, P, Camaschella, Clara, Piperno, A., Camaschella, C, and Piperno, A

Subjects
Functional studies, HeLa, HuH7, Iron, juvenile hemochromatosis, Transferrin receptor 2
Published
2015

42. Altitude-resolved shortwave and longwave radiative effects of desert dust in the Mediterranean during the GAMARF campaign: Indications of a net daily cooling in the dust layer

Author

Sferlazzo, D.M., Pace, G., Di Iorio, T., De Silvestri, L., Di Sarra, A., Sferlazzo, D. M., Pace, G., Di Iorio, T., De Silvestri, L., and Di Sarra, A.

Subjects
aerosol direct radiative forcing and heating rate, radiative transfer model, aerosol optical properties, desert dust, airborne measurements, shortwave and longwave radiation, hortwave and longwave radiation, aerosol optical propertie, airborne measurement
Abstract

Desert dust interacts with shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) radiation, influencing the Earth radiation budget and the atmospheric vertical structure. Uncertainties on the dust role are large in the LW spectral range, where few measurements are available and the dust optical properties are not well constrained. The first airborne measurements of LW irradiance vertical profiles over the Mediterranean were carried out during the Ground-based and Airborne Measurements of Aerosol Radiative Forcing (GAMARF) campaign, which took place in spring 2008 at the island of Lampedusa. The experiment was aimed at estimating the vertical profiles of the SW and LW aerosol direct radiative forcing (ADRF) and heating rates (AHR), taking advantage of vertically resolved measurements of irradiances, meteorological parameters, and aerosol microphysical and optical properties. Two cases, characterized respectively by the presence of a homogeneous dust layer (3 May, with aerosol optical depth, AOD, at 500 nm of 0.59) and by a low aerosol burden (5 May, with AOD of 0.14), are discussed. A radiative transfer model was initialized with the measured vertical profiles and with different aerosol properties, derived from measurements or from the literature. The simulation of the irradiance vertical profiles, in particular, provides the opportunity to constrain model-derived estimates of the AHR. The measured SW and LW irradiances were reproduced when the model was initialized with the measured aerosol size distributions and refractive indices. For the dust case, the instantaneous (solar zenith angle, SZA, of 55.1°) LW-to-SW ADRF ratio was 23% at the surface and 11% at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), with a more significant LW contribution on a daily basis (52% at the surface and 26% at TOA), indicating a relevant reduction of the SW radiative effects. The AHR profiles followed the aerosol extinction profile, with comparable peaks in the SW (0.72 ± 0.11 K d-1) and in the LW (-0.52 ± 0.12 K d-1) for the considered SZA. On a daily basis, the absolute value of the heating rate was larger in the LW than in the SW, producing a net cooling effect at specific levels. These are quite unexpected results, emphasizing the important role of LW radiation. © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Published
2015

44. Accurate optical measurement of high voltage waveform using novel optical liquid crystal based sensor

Author

Firth, J, Brodzeli, Z, Ciobotaru, M, Phung, T, Ladouceur, F, Silvestri, L, Firth, J, Brodzeli, Z, Ciobotaru, M, Phung, T, Ladouceur, F, and Silvestri, L

Abstract

We have developed a novel method for measuring electric field strength, and by inference, voltage for high power applications. This is achieved in a contact-less manner using a passive, liquid-crystal based optical device which guarantees galvanic isolation. We illustrate the method through a series of experiments in which we show that the device can measure electric field strength in a hysteresis-free and linear manner. The experimental setup restricted measurements to electric field strengths with an upper limit of 380 kV/m, but measurements of up to 2 MV/m should be possible. Applied voltage on a phase conductor can be measured to better than 1% accuracy for applied voltages above 10 kV and yet the device is sensitive enough to measure signals as low as 0.1 kV with no discernible drift. These results taken together demonstrate that our approach shows great promise for applications in which accurate high field strength or voltage measurements are required.

Published
2017

45. Compact integrated actively Q-switched waveguide laser

Author

Wieschendorf, C, Firth, J, Silvestri, L, Gross, S, Ladouceur, F, Withford, MJ, Spence, DJ, Fuerbach, A, Wieschendorf, C, Firth, J, Silvestri, L, Gross, S, Ladouceur, F, Withford, MJ, Spence, DJ, and Fuerbach, A

Abstract

© 2017 Optical Society of America. A miniaturized deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal transducer cell was used in combination with a femtosecond laser inscribed active waveguide to realize a compact actively Q-switched laser source. The liquid crystal cell was controlled by a low-voltage frequency generator and laser pulse durations below 40 ns were demonstrated at repetition rates ranging from 0.1 kHz to 20 kHz and a maximum slope efficiency of up to 22%. This novel, integrated and low-cost laser source is a promising tool for a broad range of applications such as trace gas sensing, LIDAR, and nonlinear optics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an actively Q-switched glass waveguide laser that has a user-variable repetition rate and can be fully integrated.

Published
2017

46. Liquid Crystal based optical telemetry applied to 4–20 mA current loop networks

Author

Firth, J, Ladouceur, F, Brodzeli, Z, Bruin, C, Wang, H, Silvestri, L, Firth, J, Ladouceur, F, Brodzeli, Z, Bruin, C, Wang, H, and Silvestri, L

Abstract

We report on a novel way to interface a liquid crystal based optical telemetry system to existing 4–20 mA sensors and apply it to the specific case of gas sensors. We prove that existing sensor networks can be retrofitted with passive electro-optical transducers and low-power Voltage to Frequency (V-F) converters without any loss of accuracy. In particular, we show that resolutions of 16 bits can be achieved even for short acquisition times and low sampling rates, limited only by the V-F specifications. The proposed approach allows harnessing all the benefits of optical networks, such as increased transmission distance of up to several tens of kilometres and intrinsic safety, without having to redesign the actual sensors.

Published
2017

47. Albumin replacement in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock

Author

Gattinoni L, Caironi P, Pesenti A, Fumagalli R, Tognoni G, Romero M, Latini R, Masson S, Vincent JL, Suter PM, Valsecchi MG, Santosuosso A, Cavana M, Ortu A, Gabini R, Perno S, Anelli A, Amoruso R, Ferraris S, Borelli M, Massei R, Riva I, Poli G, Papagni G, Bortone F, Mamprin F, Keim R, Brivio M, Colageo U, Mimii EP, Sangiorgi G, Siniscalchi A, Pierucci E, Giovannitti A, Gentile C, Pascucci F, Antonini B, Zummo U, Valsecchi R, Cerisara M, Trezzi T, Dossena A, Ribola A, Tamayo L, Zoppellari R, Volta CA, Mangani V, Fanfani E, Chelazzi C, Bartoli T, Parrini V, Oggioni R, Fedele A, Molin A, Berri C, Guarino A, Isetta M, Bonfiglio M, Tissino F, Silvestri L, Milanesi M, Sbrana G, Motta E, Iannaco I, Casadio MC, Pasetti GS, Palandini A, Cascione C, Puscio D, Cellai F, Boccalatte D, Silvestri S, Fausto CI, Lupo V, Zompanti V, Iacobone E, Gattari D, Ronzoni G, Beck E, Francesconi S, Colombo R, Raimondi F, Castelli A, De Gasperi A, Radrizzani D, Ferla LE, Giudici R, Bellato V, Bordone G, Gavazzeni V, Lesmo A, Ripamonti D, Vesconi S, Papoff A, Rossi A, Noto A, Pezzi A, Zanforlin G, Kandil H, Ballotta A, Bettini F, Vaghi GM, Rossi S, Pessina C, Casagrande D, Trivellato A, Costagli V, Moise G, Furla M, Marelli S, Caspani L, Panigada M, Bruzzone P, Isgrò S, Abbruzzese C, Tagliabue P, Solca M, Bonazzi M, Cattaneo A, Rossi N, Andreoni P, Pasetto A, Girardis M, Barbieri E, Piazza O, Zagara G, Bono M, Galzerano A, Garzilli T, Dentini N, Bindi M, Biancofiore G, Mercante WP, Disconzi MM, Todesco N, Lunardi S, Sani E, Carli M, Bracciotti G, Gori V, Braccini P, Maggio G, Braschi A, Bottazzi A, Iotti G, Nicora B, Salati G, Salsi P, Antonelli M, Pennisi MA, Bello G, Caccese R, D'Ambrosio M, Rocco M, Sanseverino M, Gatta A, Nastasi M, Corsi A, Facondini F, Franchi F, Mongelli P, Ferrario M, Carulli F, Del Curto S, Schiappacasse G, Dalpiaz C, Armani S, Verderosa I, Marzullo A, Tonetti F, De Piero ME, Livigni S, Fiore G, Cerutti A, Erbetta S, Napolitano R, Pastorelli M, Bona F, Debernardi F, Gallo M, Segala V, Parigi L, Perzolla D, Marson F, Chiarandini P, Cammarano C, Sermann G, De Lucia S, Frigerio A, Distaso F, Franco R, Bossi E, Laudi C, De Nardin M, Violo T, Lazzari F, Vestali A, Della Mora E, Polati E, Martini A, Cristallini S, Totaro C, Milan B, Dan M, Ruberti S, Danzi V., GIARRATANO, Antonino, RAINERI, Santi Maurizio, CORTEGIANI, Andrea, Caironi, P, Tognoni, G, Masson, S, Fumagalli, R, Pesenti, A, Romero, M, Fanizza, C, Caspani, L, Faenza, S, Grasselli, G, Iapichino, G, Antonelli, M, Parrini, V, Fiore, G, Latini, R, Gattinoni, L, Caironi P, Tognoni G, Masson S, Fumagalli R, Pesenti A, Romero M, Fanizza C, Caspani L, Faenza S, Grasselli G, Iapichino G, Antonelli M, Parrini V, Fiore G, Latini R, Gattinoni L, Vincent JL, Suter PM, Valsecchi MG, Santosuosso A, Cavana M, Ortu A, Gabini R, Perno S, Anelli A, Amoruso R, Ferraris S, Borelli M, Massei R, Riva I, Poli G, Papagni G, Bortone F, Mamprin F, Keim R, Brivio M, Colageo U, Mimii EP, Sangiorgi G, Siniscalchi A, Pierucci E, Giovannitti A, Gentile C, Pascucci F, Antonini B, Zummo U, Valsecchi R, Cerisara M, Trezzi T, Dossena A, Ribola A, Tamayo L, Zoppellari R, Volta CA, Mangani V, Fanfani E, Chelazzi C, Bartoli T, Oggioni R, Fedele A, Molin A, Berri C, Guarino A, Isetta M, Bonfiglio M, Tissino F, Silvestri L, Milanesi M, Sbrana G, Motta E, Iannaco I, Casadio MC, Pasetti GS, Palandini A, Cascione C, Puscio D, Cellai F, Boccalatte D, Silvestri S, Fausto CI, Lupo V, Zompanti V, Iacobone E, Gattari D, Ronzoni G, Beck E, Francesconi S, Colombo R, Raimondi F, Castelli A, De Gasperi A, Radrizzani D, Ferla LE, Giudici R, Bellato V, Bordone G, Gavazzeni V, Lesmo A, Ripamonti D, Vesconi S, Papoff A, Rossi A, Noto A, Pezzi A, Zanforlin G, Kandil H, Ballotta A, Bettini F, Vaghi GM, Rossi S, Pessina C, Casagrande D, Trivellato A, Costagli V, Moise G, Furla M, Marelli S, Panigada M, Bruzzone P, Isgrò S, Abbruzzese C, Tagliabue P, Solca M, Bonazzi M, Cattaneo A, Rossi N, Andreoni P, Pasetto A, Girardis M, Barbieri E, Piazza O, Giarratano A, Raineri SM, Cortegiani A, Zagara G, Bono M, Galzerano A, Garzilli T, Dentini N, Bindi M, Biancofiore G, Mercante WP, Disconzi MM, Todesco N, Lunardi S, Sani E, Carli M, Bracciotti G, Gori V, Braccini P, Maggio G, Braschi A, Bottazzi A, Iotti G, Nicora B, Salati G, Salsi P, Pennisi MA, Bello G, Caccese R, D'Ambrosio M, Rocco M, Sanseverino M, Gatta A, Nastasi M, Corsi A, Facondini F, Franchi F, Mongelli P, Ferrario M, Carulli F, Del Curto S, Schiappacasse G, Dalpiaz C, Armani S, Verderosa I, Marzullo A, Tonetti F, De Piero ME, Livigni S, Cerutti A, Erbetta S, Napolitano R, Pastorelli M, Bona F, Debernardi F, Gallo M, Segala V, Parigi L, Perzolla D, Marson F, Chiarandini P, Cammarano C, Sermann G, De Lucia S, Frigerio A, Distaso F, Franco R, Bossi E, Laudi C, De Nardin M, Violo T, Lazzari F, Vestali A, Della Mora E, Polati E, Martini A, Cristallini S, Totaro C, Milan B, Dan M, Ruberti S, and Danzi V

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, ALBUMIN, SEPSIS, SEVERE SEPSIS, SEPTIC SHOCK, Sepsi, Serum albumin, Settore MED/41 - Anestesiologia, Aged, Albumins, Female, Humans, Isotonic Solutions, Middle Aged, Rehydration Solutions, Sepsis, Serum Albumin, Shock, Septic, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Intensive care, medicine, albumin replacement, Survival rate, Isotonic Solution, Medicine (all), SEPSIS, biology, business.industry, Septic shock, Rehydration Solution, Septic, Albumin, SEPTIC SHOCK, Organ dysfunction, Shock, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Surgery, Anesthesia, Relative risk, biology.protein, medicine.symptom, business, Human
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have suggested the potential advantages of albumin administration in patients with severe sepsis, its efficacy has not been fully established. METHODS: In this multicenter, open-label trial, we randomly assigned 1818 patients with severe sepsis, in 100 intensive care units (ICUs), to receive either 20% albumin and crystalloid solution or crystalloid solution alone. In the albumin group, the target serum albumin concentration was 30 g per liter or more until discharge from the ICU or 28 days after randomization. The primary outcome was death from any cause at 28 days. Secondary outcomes were death from any cause at 90 days, the number of patients with organ dysfunction and the degree of dysfunction, and length of stay in the ICU and the hospital. RESULTS: During the first 7 days, patients in the albumin group, as compared with those in the crystalloid group, had a higher mean arterial pressure (P = 0.03) and lower net fluid balance (P

Published
2014

49. Serum and Urine Biomarkers for Human Renal Cell Carcinoma

Author

Pastore, A. L., Palleschi, G., Silvestri, L., Moschese, D., Ricci, S., Petrozza, V., Carbone, A., and Di Carlo, A.

Subjects
Article Subject, urologic and male genital diseases, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications
Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) diagnosis is mostly achieved incidentally by imaging provided for unrelated clinical reasons. The surgical management of localized tumors has reported excellent results. The therapy of advanced RCC has evolved considerably over recent years with the widespread use of the so-called “targeted therapies.” The identification of molecular markers in body fluids (e.g., sera and urine), which can be used for screening, diagnosis, follow-up, and monitoring of drug-based therapy in RCC patients, is one of the most ambitious challenges in oncologic research. Although there are some promising reports about potential biomarkers in sera, there is limited available data regarding urine markers for RCC. The following review reports some of the most promising biomarkers identified in the biological fluids of RCC patients.

Published
2015
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